CN103975482B - For the method and apparatus tuning communication equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The system of a kind of teaching comprising the disclosure can include such as having the tuning system of the communication equipment of antenna, wherein, described tuning system includes: at least one first tuned element, it is connected with at least one radiating element of described antenna, for described antenna is tuned, wherein, the regulation of at least one the first tuned element described is based on closed-loop process；And, matching network, there is at least one second tuned element that the feed point at described antenna couples, for operating parameter based on described communication equipment, described matching network is tuned.Also disclose additional embodiment.

Description

For the method and apparatus tuning communication equipment

Cross-Reference to Related Applications

The application is the US application serial No.13/108 that requirement is submitted on May 16th, 2011, the US application serial No.13/108 that on May 16th, 463 and 2011 submits, the PCT international application of the priority of 589, and it is open the most incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

The disclosure relates in general to communication system, and more particularly relates to the method and apparatus tuning communication equipment.

Background technology

Existing multi-frequency wireless device (such as, wireless set) uses antenna structure, and its trial radiates with optimum efficiency on whole operational frequency range, but is actually only capable of and radiates with optimum efficiency in frequency subsets.Owing to size limits and aesthetics design reason, force antenna designers that the performance of some frequency bands is compromised.The example of this wireless device can be the mobile phone of the upper operation of scope (such as, 800MHz to 2200MHz) at different frequency.Due to the character of design, antenna will not be in radiating efficiently in all frequencies, and the power transmission between antenna, power amplifier and the receiver in wireless set will significantly change.

Additionally, the performance of antenna is affected by its operating environment.Such as, for radio handsets, there is multiple use situation and can damage the efficiency of wireless device significantly, its position including handheld device antenna is such as disposed adjacent to user's head or be placed in user's pocket or cover the situation such as antenna with hands.In addition, a lot of existing wireless sets use by being intended to the ball bearing made that the raising rating components from power amplifier to antenna or from the power transmission of antenna to receiver is constituted, but because the assembly used is definite value, when attempting covering multiple frequency bands and multiple service condition, it is constantly present compromise.

Microwave equipment for electromagnetic wave propagation can be made up of tunable level and non-dimmable humorous level and assembly.Can use bias voltage that the electrical path length of tuned element is adjusted.Micro-strip geometry, strip line geometry, coaxial geometry, slotted line or fine rule geometry and co-planar waveguide geometry can be used to realize described level and assembly.The function of assembly can be phase shift, postpones or filter.Some assemblies can be pooled together, to form multilevel device.This collects can improve the bandwidth realized by single-stage microwave equipment.Level can be connected, such as, tunable level be connected with non-dimmable humorous level.The example with the tunable microwave devices being automatically adjusted match circuit is described in United States Patent (USP) No.6,590,468 of duToit etc..

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 shows the illustrative examples of communication equipment；

Fig. 2 shows the illustrative examples of a transceiver part for Fig. 1 communication equipment；

Fig. 3-4 shows the illustrative examples of the tunable match network of Fig. 2 transceiver；

Fig. 5-6 shows the illustrative examples of the tunable reactance component of tunable match network；

Fig. 7 A shows the illustrative examples of a part for communication equipment；

Fig. 7 B shows the illustrative examples of another part of communication equipment；

Fig. 8 A shows the illustrative examples of a part for multi-antenna communication device；

Fig. 8 B-8F shows the assembly and the illustrative examples of configuration that the embodiment with Fig. 8 A is used together；

Fig. 9-16 shows the illustrative examples of the part of communication equipment；

Figure 17 shows the illustrative methods of operation in the part of one or more equipment of Fig. 1-16；

Figure 18 shows the illustrative examples of the look-up table that one or more equipment of Fig. 1-6 and the method for Figure 17 used；And

Figure 19 shows the exemplary graphic representation of machine with the form of computer system, and wherein, instruction set can make machine perform any one in presently disclosed method or more upon execution.

Detailed description of the invention

One or more in exemplary embodiments described herein can have the antenna of the tuned element that the radiating element with antenna is attached mutually.Tuned element can be all kinds, such as, has the passive tunable integrated circuit (PTIC) of one or more electric tunable capacitor.

In one embodiment, can in frequency direct turning antenna, the resonant frequency of mobile radiating element.By doing so it is possible, the amplitude that the VSWR of transceiver presented to by antenna can be adjusted, and can hold it in the scope easily mated with transceiver.

In another embodiment, on antenna, (on-antenna) tuning can combine with the tunable match network being such as positioned at this antenna feed point,, compared with being used separately in these tuning methods any one, overall antenna efficiency to realize more large gain.

In one embodiment, it is possible to use the tuned element on described antenna is tuned by open-loop method, such as, it is tuned by the bands/frequencies strictly just operated according to described transceiver.In another embodiment, can also be combined with bands/frequencies information or replace described bands/frequencies information to use other standards, including mechanical arrangements (slide onto/slide) or other service conditions, and other inputs, such as proximity detector state and accelerometer positional information.Service condition can change, it is possible to includes speakerphone operation, open.

In another embodiment, the tuned element on described antenna can be tuned, so that the RF voltage presented on the measurement assembly (such as, detector) of neighbouring described antenna is placed in preset range.Described scope can be determined based on to the understanding of mobile phone transceiver power, and described scope may be used for setting up the input impedance of described antenna in the range of voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), described scope improves the impedance matching between described antenna and described transceiver by allowing the tunable match network such as coupled in the feed point of described antenna.The present embodiment can comprise " ring " of two separation of closed loop algorithm, allow to use the feedback of self-detector in closed loop algorithm, the tuned element of described antenna to be tuned, and once this ring is stable, then can use from directional coupler and the information of described detector, described tunable match network is tuned.

Another embodiment can the information of in the future self-detector and directional coupler be used in the closed loop algorithm of combination.Tuned element on described antenna and described tunable match network can be adjusted by algorithm simultaneously, the most also increasing the RF voltage detected at described detector, it is obeyed the restriction of other quality factor parameters determined by return loss and directional coupler input.United States Patent (USP) No.7,991,363 of Greene describes one or more these algorithms.As example, these algorithms may include that during transmitter time slot, applies continuous tuning ultimate principle, the operation of transmitter moves to target, and when activating reception time slot, is adjusted matching with receiver frequency.Regulation to receiver operator scheme can first relate to determine current operational conditions, and applies conversion to tune various circuit.Another algorithm can use for value based on operating condition and the tuned assembly using look-up table setting, such as, first pass through use look-up table and arrange values for tuning, evacuate heuristically fine setting the most during operation or heuristically determine.For example, it is possible to design based on circuit and/or the test of circuit operation and measurement, the empirically determined conversion of application during receiver operation.Another technology is that application operating is for reaching the algorithm of target, described algorithm is based on the relevant tolerance of one or more transmitter (such as, return loss) and the value of adjustable component, to attempt continuously keeping compromise mode of operation, the operation of transmitter and receiver is maintained at the specific objective FOM representing trade off performance tolerance grade by described compromise mode of operation.

Another embodiment can utilize the information that one or more method described in the US application serial No.13/005,122 using Greene is obtained from detector and/or directional coupler.The method may include that the change of the control signal in response to tuned element, the derivative of the RF voltage at use detector or slope.As example, method may include that example is as used in the directional coupler connected between front-end module and the matching network of transmit/receive antenna, the first parameter that detection is associated with the transmission of communication equipment.Based on these first parameters or its analysis, the impedance ranges of the acceptable level of the performance for communication equipment can be set up and may be used for the second parameter sets of tuning.Such as, the detector being positioned at transmit/receive antenna input can detect the second parameter, such as, launches change or the increase of RF power.The target impedance in described second parameter determination impedance ranges can be used, and based on described target impedance, the matching network for described transmit/receive antenna can be tuned.Such as, method can continue the matching network the revising transmit/receive antenna RF voltage with increase detection, return loss is limited in expected range simultaneously.Skew can be applied, based on above-mentioned technology such as, to change for known to reception pattern based on frequency shift (FS) with antenna in tuning reception pattern, wherein said skew.

In another embodiment, in order to reduce coupling of other antennas of first antenna and one or more, the de-tuned of first antenna in multiple antenna can be performed.The de-tuned performance that can improve one or more other antennas of described first antenna.

One embodiment of the disclosure requires the tuning system of the communication equipment for having antenna.Described tuning system includes: at least one first tuned element, is connected with at least one radiating element of described antenna, and for being tuned described antenna, wherein, the regulation of at least one the first tuned element described is based on closed-loop process；And, matching network, there is at least one second tuned element that the feed point at described antenna couples, for operating parameter based on described communication equipment, described matching network is tuned.

One embodiment of the disclosure requires a kind of method, including: by least one first tuned element of communication equipment is adjusted, use closed-loop process, being tuned the antenna of described communication equipment, at least one first tuned element of described communication equipment is connected with at least one radiating element of described antenna；And, by being adjusted being tuned the matching network of described communication equipment at least one second tuned element of described matching network, at least one second tuned element of described matching network couples with the feed point of described antenna.

One embodiment of the disclosure requires a kind of tuning system for communication equipment, and described communication equipment has antenna, and described antenna has low-frequency band (LB) radiating element and high frequency band (HB) radiating element.Described tuning system includes multiple first tuned element, wherein, based on the expectation voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) being associated with described antenna, at least one being associated with LB radiating element in multiple first tuned elements is tuned, and, increase based on un-wanted frequency decay, to multiple first tuned elements are associated with HB radiating element at least another is tuned.Described tuning system also includes the matching network with at least one the second tuned element, and at least one second tuned element described is coupling in the feed point of the described antenna being conditioned, for being tuned described matching network.

One embodiment of the disclosure requires a kind of tuning system of the communication equipment for having antenna, described tuning system includes: at least one first tuned element, it is connected with at least one radiating element of described antenna, for described antenna is tuned, wherein, the regulation of at least one the first tuned element described is based at least one in the service condition being associated with described communication equipment and the positional information being associated with described communication equipment；And, matching network, there is at least one second tuned element that the feed point at described antenna couples, wherein, described matching network receives the control signal for regulating at least one the second tuned element described, to be tuned described matching network.

One embodiment of the disclosure requires a kind of method, including: by being adjusted the antenna of described communication equipment is tuned at least one first tuned element of communication equipment, at least one first tuned element of described communication equipment is connected with at least one radiating element of described antenna, wherein, the regulation of at least one the first tuned element described is based on the service condition being associated with described communication equipment；And, by being adjusted the matching network of described communication equipment is tuned at least one second tuned element of described matching network, at least one second tuned element of described matching network is coupling between described antenna and the transceiver of described communication equipment, wherein, the regulation of described second tuned element is the closed-loop process of operating parameter based on described communication equipment.

One embodiment of the disclosure requires to include the tuning system of memorizer and controller.Described controller is programmed for: receive the antenna efficiency information being associated with one or more antenna in the antenna sets of communication equipment；Receive the antenna isolation information being associated with one or more antenna in antenna sets；And, based on described antenna efficiency information and described antenna isolation information, to being tuned at least partially of described antenna sets.

Exemplary embodiment can such as tuned element and/or at matching network on antenna, use open loop tuning process.Service condition can include the some different conditions being associated with communication equipment, such as, open, close, slip into, skid off (such as, Qwerty keypad or numeric keypad), speaker-phone leaves, speaker-phone closes, hands-free operation, antenna upward, antenna down, other communication patterns open or close (such as, bluetooth/WiFi/GPS), special frequency band and/or transmission or receive pattern.Service condition can be based on object or surface proximity detection (such as, the hands of user or desk).Open loop can include other environmental effects, such as, temperature, pressure, speed and/or height impact in processing.Open loop processes other information that can consider such as to be associated with ad-hoc location (such as, between floors or in the city surrounded by building), and is in the instruction outside scope.

This exemplary embodiment can use the combination of open loop process and closed-loop process, such as based on service condition and measured operating parameter (such as, by the detectors measure of adjacent antennas and/or the operating parameter measured by the directional coupler between matching network and transceiver) tuned element is tuned.In other words, tuning can use one to process and then switch to another and process, such as, based on the specific factor being associated with this communication equipment, use closed loop to tune and then switch to open loop tuning.

Fig. 1 shows the exemplary embodiment of communication equipment 100.Communication equipment 100 can include transceiver 102 (herein, there is independent sending part and acceptance division, and there is one or more antenna 145 (being shown in which two in this example)), user interface (UI) 104, power supply 114 and for manage its operation controller 106.Transceiver 102 can use short distance or distance wireless access technology (such as: bluetooth, WiFi, DECT (DECT) or cellular telecommunication art etc.).Cellular technology can include such as CDMA-1X, WCDMA, UMTS/HSDPA, GSM/GPRS, TDMA/EDGE, EV/DO, WiMAX and the following Next generation cellular wireless communication technology occurred.

UI 104 include having navigation mechanism (such as, roller ball, stick, mouse or for handling the navigation disk of the operation of communication equipment 100) depressible or touch sensitive keypad 108.Keypad 108 can be the integration section of the casing assembly of communication equipment 100 or by wireline interface (such as, flexible cable) or support the wave point of such as bluetooth etc. the autonomous device operably coupled with communication equipment 100.Keypad 108 can represent the normally used dial pad of phone and/or have the Qwerty keypad of alpha numeric keys.UI 104 can also include display 110 (such as, black and white or color LCD (liquid crystal display), OLED (organic light emitting diode) or for image being passed to other suitable Display Techniques of the terminal use of communication equipment 100).Display 110 be touch-sensitive display embodiment in, part or all of keypad 108 can be presented by the way of display.UI 104 can also include audio system 112.

Power supply 114 can use for the assembly power supply of communication equipment 100 with the general power management technology (such as, replaceable battery, power supply adjustment technology and charging system technology) of beneficially portable use.Controller 106 can use the computing technique of microprocessor and/or the digital signal processor (DSP) such as with associative storage (such as, flash memory, ROM, RAM, SRAM, DRAM or other similar techniques) etc.

Communication equipment 100 can use tuned cell 150 on the antenna can being directly connected to radiating element, and this radiating element includes high frequency band (HB) and low-frequency band (LB) radiating element and/or a part for radiating element.Tuned cell can be to have some different configuration of some assemblies, variable condenser including such as electric tunable capacitor, although be it will also be appreciated that other tuned elements by the disclosure, including quasiconductor variable reactor, MEMS (MEMS) variable reactor, mems switch reactance component, piezoelectric element or semiconductor switch reactance component.

Fig. 2 shows the illustrative examples of a part for the transceiver 102 of Fig. 1 communication equipment 100.In a gsm application, the sending part of transceiver 102 and acceptance division can include common amplifier 201,203, and this common amplifier 201,203 couples with tunable match network 202 and impedance load 206 via switch 204.Load 206 in this example can be antenna (antenna 206 herein) as shown in Figure 1.The transmission signal (TX) with radio frequency (RF) signal form can be directed to amplifier 201, when switching 204 and being activated for sending session, signal is amplified by amplifier 201, and the signal guide antenna 206 that will amplify via tunable match network 202.The acceptance division of transceiver 102 can use preamplifier 203, and when switching 204 and being activated for receiving session, the signal received from antenna 206 via tunable match network 202 is amplified by preamplifier 203.Other configurations of Fig. 2 may be used for other kinds of cellular access techniques (such as, CDMA).It is expected to these undocumented configurations by the disclosure.

Fig. 3-4 shows the illustrative examples of the tunable match network 202 of the transceiver 102 of Fig. 2.In one embodiment, tunable match network 202 can include control circuit 302 and tunable reactance component 310.Control circuit 302 can include DC to DC transducer 304, one or more digital to analog converter (DAC) 306 and be used for amplifying one or more the corresponding relief area 308 of the voltage produced by each DAC.Amplified signal can be fed into one or more tunable reactance component 504,506 and 508 as shown in Figure 5, and Fig. 5 shows the possible circuit configuration of tunable reactance component 310.In this example, tunable reactance component 310 can include three tunable capacitor 504-508 and have the inducer 502 of fixed inductance.The configuration of other circuit is also possible, such that it is able to expect that these circuit configure by the disclosure.

Tunable capacitor 504-508 all can use the technology of the tunability of the electric capacity being capable of described assembly.One embodiment of tunable capacitor 504-508 can use voltage or the humorous dielectric substance of current adjustment (such as, the mixture of barium strontium titanate BST).The example of BST synthetic isTunable capacitor.In another embodiment, tunable reactance component 310 can use quasiconductor variable reactor.The disclosure it is expected to support other method existing or of future generation or material composite of the device for the humorous reactance component of voltage or current adjustment.

DC to DC transducer 304 power supply 114 of communication equipment 100 from Fig. 1 can receive power signal (such as 3 volts).DC to DC transducer 304 can use the current techique for this power signal is amplified to higher scope (such as, 30 volts), as shown in the figure.Controller 106 can be via the control bus of " n " line or more multi-thread, and each DAC in DAC 306 provides digital signal, carrys out the electric capacity of independently controlled tunable capacitor 504-508, thus changes the set reactance of tunable match network 202.Two-wire Universal Serial communication technology (such as, serial peripheral interface (SPI) bus) can be used to realize controlling bus.Using spi bus, controller 106 can submit serialized digital signal to, to configure the switch of the tunable reactance component 404 in each DAC or Fig. 4 in Fig. 3.The control circuit 302 of Fig. 3 can use general digital logic to realize spi bus, and the digital signal provided by controller 106 is directed to DAC.

In another embodiment, tunable match network 202 to include the control circuit 402 of decoder form and can include the tunable reactance component 404 of switchable reactance component, the most as shown in Figure 6.In the present embodiment, controller 106 can provide control circuit 402 signal via spi bus, it is possible to use control circuit 402 signal is decoded by general boolean (Boolean) or logic state machine, enables or disables switch element 602 independently.Semiconductor switch or (such as using in MEMS (MEMS)) micro-machinery switch can be used to realize switch element 602.By the reactance component 604 (capacitor or inducer) using switch element 602 to be independently enabled and disabled in Fig. 6, thus it is possible to vary the set reactance of tunable reactance component 404.

The tunability of tunable match network 202,204 provides the device of performance parameter for optimizing transceiver 102 to controller 106, described performance parameter such as but not limited to: transmitter power, transmitter frequency, receiver sensitivity, the power consumption of communication equipment, human body are to the specific absorption rate (SAR) of energy, band performance parameter etc..

Fig. 7 A shows the illustrative examples of a part for the communication equipment 700 (equipment 100 in such as Fig. 1) with tunable match network, this tunable match network can include numerous assemblies such as such as directional coupler, sensor IC, control circuit and/or tuner, or is coupled with these assemblies.Tunable match network can include other assemblies various, as illustrating supplementing or substituting of assembly (including the assembly described above in relation to Fig. 1-6).In addition to the detector 701 coupled with directional coupler 725, further it is shown that the detector 702 coupled with the RF line fed to antenna 750.Tunable match network 755 can couple, for promoting the signal communication between communication equipment 700 and other equipment or system with antenna 750 and transceiver 779 (or transmitter and/or receiver).In the present example embodiment, can be used for feeding back to tuning algorithm by part or all of detector, adjust tunable match.

Various algorithm can be used to adjust matching network 750, including using quality factor, in this illustrative examples, in whole or in part it can be determined according to the measurement of the forward and backward signal occurred at detector 701.This exemplary embodiment can also use detector 702 to improve the ability of tuning system further, to be capable of the raising of communication equipment performance.One embodiment of this algorithm can use the input of self-detector 701, sets up the maximum return loss for matching network or VSWR.This method can set up the impedance ranges near target impedance.This impedance ranges can set up the acceptable value of performance.Then, come the improvement that the input of self-detector 702 can be used for allowing this algorithm to find in this tolerance interval or the impedance of optimum.Such as, algorithm can continue to revise matching network 755, in order to while (being measured by detector 701) return loss being limited within target return loss, increases the RF voltage detected at antenna feed point.In the present embodiment, communication equipment 700 can allow to tune is not the source impedance of 50ohm.In this example, minimum insertion loss can be selected for tuning algorithm.

In another embodiment, tuning algorithm can keep return loss, to determine desired values for tuning while minimizing current drain.Tuning algorithm can use the various parameters for tuner, including: the output of transmitter, return loss, reception power, current drain and/or linear transmitter degree.

Communication equipment 700 can include one or more radiating element 755 of antenna 750.One or more tuned element 780 can directly be connected with one or more radiating element 755, to allow the tuning tuning together with matching network 775 of antenna 750.Tuned element 780 can be all kinds as described herein, including electric tunable capacitor.The quantity of tuned element 780 and configuration can based on several factors which (including that tuning is open loop process or closed-loop process) and change.In one embodiment, all radiating elements 755 have at least one coupled tuned element 780, for allowing the tuning of radiating element.In another embodiment, the only a part of radiating element 755 has coupled tuned element 780.

In one or more embodiment, the input of initial matching network level can be attached partially to transmission line from the active component exporting the wireless set being antenna feed point.

In one or more embodiment, on antenna, tuned cell can be made up of tunable reactance component (such as, tunable capacitor (PTIC)).This radiating element can be made up of electric conductor section, and create by near the electric current in radiating element and voltage and the physical enclosure identical with this radiating element or in peripheral conductor in the RF field that sensed of electric current, radio circuit feeds to described electric conductor section.In one or more embodiment, say physically, on antenna, element can be placed in or directly contact and be positioned on the carrier wave substrate identical with this radiating element, or is connected with this radiating element by the electrical connector of neighbouring (and electricity is close) this radiating element.

In one or more embodiment, near the point that initial matching network level can be placed on feed point or RF circuit (wireless set) is connected with this radiating element, and can be connected electrically between this wireless set and this radiating element.Although the disclosure is it is also contemplated that adjust this matching network for other purposes, its purpose can be by the matches impedances of the impedance of this radiating element Yu this wireless set, make the base station of network that communicating with from this wireless set to the enough power of this wireless set transmission, and the power that the base station transmission of the network communicated with to this wireless set from this wireless set is enough.

With reference to Fig. 7 B, in the another exemplary embodiment can being used together with the equipment of Fig. 7 A, antenna 750 and/or radiating element 755 can be placed on the carrier (such as, plastic carrier or substrate) coupling with printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) 740 or being otherwise coupled to.Tuned element or equipment 780 (being tunable capacitor in this example) can be connected between feeder line (feed) 741 and antenna 750.Feeder line 741 can couple with the inducer 742 with ground connection 743.In one embodiment, inducer 742 can be one of printed inductance trace or chip inducer.In one embodiment, antenna 750 can couple with the tuned element 780 of PCB 740 via Elastic Contact 744.

Example PCB 740 can use in the difference on antenna together with multiple tunable equipment.In this example, tuned element 780 is not exposed to user, in order to reduce the risk damaged.The example of Fig. 7 B can be used together with all kinds antenna and/or various types of tuned element.In this example, and be positioned separately compared with the system of tuned element and inducer with PCB, by tuned element 780 and inducer 742 being placed on the quantity that can reduce Elastic Contact on PCB 740.This example also helps and simplifies the manufacture of tuned element assembling.PCB 740 provides more robust assembling, about use PCB 740 mobile communication equipment drop the most such.

In a further exemplary embodiment, Fig. 8 A shows a part for the communication equipment 800 (such as, the equipment 100 in Fig. 1) with the tunable match network being used together with multiaerial system.In the present example embodiment, there are two antennas, i.e. transmit/receive antenna 805 and diversity reception antenna 820.It will be appreciated, however, that the antenna of other numbers, type and/or configuration can be used in equipment 800.Such as, antenna can be space diversity, directional diagram diversity, polarity diversity and/or adaptive array antenna.Tuned element 880 can be connected with a part for radiating element or the radiating element of antenna 805.In another embodiment, tuned element 880 can be connected with multiple antenna (not shown).Tuned element 880 allows the tuning of one or more antenna and/or de-tuned, including combining matching network 810 and/or the tuning of matching network 825.

In one or more embodiment, antenna can be antenna sets, and this antenna sets is placed in the way of making antenna the most enough isolate, in order to allow them that slightly independent and incoherent signal is delivered to wireless set.Their placement is to be determined by they electric behaviors (RF) each other.The particular number of antenna can change.

In one embodiment, the antenna of communication equipment 800 can be a part for MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output) system.Multiple antennas can be used for improving communication, such as, realized by switching or selection technique (include the noise analyzed in multi signal and select most suitable signal).Multiple antennas can also with the folding (such as, equal gain combining or maximum-ratio combing) together with Signal averaging can be used in combination.Exemplary embodiment also contemplates the other technologies using the multi signal from multiple antennas, including the dynamical system (such as, optionally applying handoff technique and folding) that can adjust the concrete technology being currently in use.Can be based on several factors which change and select the particular location of antenna, described factor includes the nearest proximity being in the RF energy that intercouples.

Communication equipment 800 can include other assemblies numerous of such as tunable match network etc, this tunable match network can include that such as directional coupler, sensor IC, biasing control and numerous assemblies of other control IC and tunable match networks etc., or couple with these numerous assemblies.Tunable match network can include other assemblies various, as illustrating the replacement of assembly (including the assembly described for Fig. 1-7) or supplementing.This example also includes the transceiver 850 of communication equipment 800, and it includes the multiple receivers for multiple antennas 805 and 820 for meeting diversity reception purpose and/or transmitter.

In one embodiment, the first tunable match network 810 can couple with transmit/receive antenna 805 in input, and the second tunable match network 825 can be coupled with the input of diversity reception antenna 820.In response to frequency band, operation frequency, physics service condition and/or antenna 805 and 820 and user or the change of the proximity etc. of other objects (impedance that front-end module (FEM) 860 and transceiver 850 are shown by antenna can be affected), can adjust (such as, tuning) the two matching network 810 and 825, to improve the performance of communication equipment 800.In one embodiment, feedback line can be removed such as by using FEM to route these signals rightly to perform these measurements (such as, it is to avoid filter out signal).

Can make differently and/or assembly is to regulate tunable match network 810.In one embodiment, detector 830 can couple with equipment 800, in order to the RF voltage that detection presents in the junction with diversity reception antenna 820.The received power level of this point is likely lower than-50dBm.Some detectors (such as, diode detector or logafier) typically may be not enough to detect this level.But, because in the present example embodiment, two antennas 805 and 820 are in identical device 800 and mutually adjacent, and they inherently can be from another antenna couple RF energy of a sky alignment.Although communication equipment 800 need not this coupling, this exemplary embodiment can use it for the purpose of tuned antenna matching network.In one example, after transmission frequency is set up the tuning state for diversity coupling, in order to by Matching and modification to receiver operation frequency, matching network 825 be applied predetermined relationship or skew.

Communication equipment 800 can include for determine or measure parameter obtain expectation tuning other assemblies and configuration.Various configuration is shown in Fig. 8 B-8F.Fig. 8 B shows the Capacitance Coupled configuration between tunable match network and FEM.Fig. 8 C shows the resistive coupling between tunable match network and FEM for obtaining expectation parameter.FEM860 on the diversity paths of communication equipment 800 is probably high reflection in tranmitting frequency.This may produce standing wave, and detector may be at minimum voltage so that coupling for the Capacitance Coupled shown in Fig. 8 A and 8B and resistance, detection to be carried out is more difficult.In Fig. 8 D, it is possible to use directional coupler only samples forward power, although this makes to exist standing wave in diversity paths, it is also possible to obtain expectation parameter.Fig. 8 E and 8F uses detector, but samples multiple points along path, avoids sampling at minimum voltage.

In one embodiment, the technology described above with respect to Fig. 7 A can be similar to, tunable match on transmit/receive antenna 805 is tuned, but does not use detector 815, and instead of use detector 830 to measure the increase of the transmitting RF power being coupled to diversity reception antenna 820.So, detector 815 (in fig. 8 a with shown in dotted line) can be removed from equipment 800, thus reduce cost and reduce complexity.Therefore, this example can only use the detector (such as, detector 830) coupled with one of antenna (such as, diversity reception antenna 820) without another detector coupled with another antenna, is tuned two antennas.This example dependency fairly constant coefficient of coup between two antennas under any specific frequency band, frequency and service condition, and for any operation of algorithm, they are all counted as constant.

In another embodiment, after adjusting tunable match network 810 by algorithm, it is also possible to adjust tunable match network 825.By measuring the coupling firing power presented at detector 830, tunable match network 825 can be adjusted to increase the coupling firing power seen at detector 830.In one example, after setting up the tuning state mated for the diversity at transmission frequency, in order to by Matching and modification to receiver operation frequency, matching network 825 be applied predetermined relationship or offset applications.Such as, first can adjust tuning circuit based on the tolerance towards transmitter, it is then possible to application predetermined relationship or skew obtain the expectation tuning state operating the two for transmitter and receiver.In another embodiment, operation tolerance can be one or more in transmitter reflection loss, the output of transmitter, current drain and/or linear transmitter degree.

Such as, but operate only at each of which time slot (i.e. at different frequencies at transmitter and receiver, sending time slots and receive time slot) in operation time division multiplex (TDM) system in, this can add, to tuning circuit, the adjustment rule of thumb derived realize by mark for the optimum tuning of transmitter the most in a receive mode.As another example, in frequency division multiplexing (FDM) system that transmitter and receiver operates in different frequency simultaneously, this can be accomplished by: identifies the object run for transmitter, the most first tuning circuit is adjusted to the desired value for transmitter, then adjusts this value with close to the compromise value for the equal of receiver or desired desired value.In one embodiment, when being switched to reception pattern from sending mode, predetermined relationship (such as, skew, zoom factor, conversion or other be altered or modified) adjustment of variable component can be applied to.This conversion can be according to the value obtained when adjusting during sending time slots.When returning sending mode, this conversion can be removed, and recover adjustment process.In one embodiment, because transmission signal and any frequency shift (FS) received between signal are known, it is possible to matching network application to be had adjustment or the amendment of the matching network setting of conversion or some other functional forms during receiving time slot.In another embodiment, if tranmitting frequency and reception frequency a good distance off, then adjustment can be performed with multiple steps.

In another embodiment, quality factor may be used for not only comprising transmission tolerance, also comprises for obtaining the key element of compromise between optimum transmitter operation and optimal receiver operation.This can be realized by following manner: mark object run target (the most desired transmitter and receiver reflection loss), and then mark is as the operation setting close to compromise between the two.Therefore, the present embodiment is possible not only to be incorporated in algorithm transmitter tolerance, it is also possible to arranged by tuning circuit or preference is incorporated in algorithm.Can rule of thumb identify tuning preference, to ensure desired operation.

Operating with antenna diversity at communication equipment 800 for reception and operate in the embodiment not using antenna diversity to launching, antenna 820 will only be used in reception.Transmitter can be launched on antenna 805, it is possible to receives on antenna 805 and 820.Self-adapting closed loop for tunable match network 825 on the diversity antenna tunes, and communication equipment 800 can obtain the instruction tunable match circuit tolerance in the performance received in frequency.This tolerance can be used for resonance matching to adjust in the performance received in frequency.This can realize by using the receiver in transceiver IC to measure received signal level.This measurement is referred to as RSSI (received signal strength indicator symbol).Due to the infringement (such as, decline) of the height change in propagation channel, rssi measurement can be the most noisy and unstable.Can use to be averaged and filter these changes.But, required average amount can make this feedback measured slowly and be unsuitable as closed loop antenna tuning.

In this embodiment, because main antenna and diversity antenna are positioned on same communication equipment, moderately couple so launching signal with the tunable match in diversity paths.Under many circumstances, main antenna and diversity antenna can only have the isolation of 20dB.The signal of launching occurred at tunable match 825 can be to receive, than occur at tunable match network 825, the signal that signal is much better than and more stable.Launch the reliable measurements that signal may be used for carrying out can be used in closed loop tuning.

Detector 830 can be used to measure launching signal.Detector can be positioned between tunable match and transceiver.This is actually the output of tunable match.In the present embodiment, measuring for this, directional coupler is optional, and can use Capacitance Coupled or resistance coupling, as long as detector has enough dynamic ranges.Other assemblies and assembly configuration can also be used for parameter detecting (such as shown in the U.S. Patent application No.20090039976 of McKinzie), including use between port signal route duplexing multiport RF matching network, have diode detector potentiometer, use multipole RF switch resitstance voltage divider, have be capable of access along capacitor string various nodes a series of capacitor strings branch RF branch, for reactance component provide offset signal bigoted drive circuit etc..

In the present embodiment, the output voltage maximizing tunable match can be equal to minimize insertion loss, and for lossless network, it can be equal to minimize mismatch loss.A kind of alternative using detector 830 is to use receiver self (be tuned to tranmitting frequency) to measure transmitting signal.It is above being measured the some feasible methods launching signal by diversity tunable match.The signal detection of other forms is it is expected to by the disclosure.

The complexity launching signal and being used for tuning is its be from receive the different frequency of signal, and the tunable match in diversity paths aim at the performance adjusted receiving in frequency.In an illustrative methods, for receptivity, adjust tunable match circuit based on emission measurement.In this illustrative methods, can use the measurement launching signal, tunable match is optimized in tranmitting frequency, then, can use and send setting with the predetermined relationship received between arranging to adjust match circuit, to provide desired performance in reception frequency.

Only one can be applied during launching the measurement of signal to specify values for tuning set (C1TX, C2TX) in the embodiment using tunable match network, described tunable match network packet contains two tunable capacitors.Another can be applied between emission measurement to specify values for tuning set (C1RX, C2RX).The present embodiment describes two tunable capacitors, but this exemplary embodiment can apply to the tuned element of various quantity and type.In this example, Rx values for tuning is the function of Tx values for tuning.Because in whole iterative algorithm, Tx value changes adaptively, and Rx value also will be followed the tracks of Tx value and be changed with predetermined relationship.If the quality factor of setting are so that Vout is maximum, Tx solution can converge on (C1TXopt, C2TXopt), it is possible to uses predetermined relationship it to be adjusted to (C1RXopt, C2RXopt) rightly to realize desired RX performance.

Every time in order to perform Tx measure tunable match is arranged (C1TX, C2TX) time, in application (C1TX, C2TX) period, the performance at Rx frequency may reduce.In the present embodiment, it is desirable to perform as quickly as possible to measure so that the Rx deterioration caused by Tx tuning during measuring is minimum.In one embodiment, Tx value can be employed still to obtain enough convergence times less than the centesimal time.

In one embodiment, relation between TX tuning scheme and RX tuning scheme can depend on operational frequency bands, and in the case of receiver is tuned to monitor the signal in alternative band, then can apply alternative tuning solution (C1RX2, C2RX2) during this measurement.

Can use the another exemplary method for controlling tuning, the method need not be set to by tunable capacitor for sending the value optimized when performing Tx and measuring.Purpose is to optimize arranging of Rx performance to operate resonance matching network.These settings are the capacitances of distance Tx optimal value specified quantitative in particular directions.Can use and find this position without the algorithm first finding Tx optimal value in electric capacity plane.Tx level can change based on some situations (such as, according to the power control command in transceiver, or the change according to supply voltage, temperature, component tolerances etc.).In the present embodiment, because only performing to export tuner the measurement of RF voltage, it is impossible to determine whether algorithm or has the distance of specified quantitative at Tx optimal value from Tx optimal value, this is owing to Tx level is changing.This is possible to prevent to use only algorithm with specific T x signal level as target.

Can be used for determining that resonance matching network tolerance far from operation many relative to Tx optimal value are to use Tx level relative to the value of tunable capacitor (or other kinds of tuned element) or the slope of setting or derivative.If it is determined that the RF voltage (Vout) that the output of tunable match presents in TX frequency (such as, by using logarithmic detector to determine), then first derivative is dVout/dC1 and dVout/dC2.The finite difference of two proceeding measurements can be used to calculate these derivatives.These slopes will be the function of tunable capacitor.Because being currently in use logarithmic detector, these slopes will not be the function of absolute power level of Tx signal.If not using logarithmic detector or its equivalent, then before slope calculations, can first calculate the logarithm of Tx voltage.Included the quality factor of dVout/dC1 and dVout/dC2 by definition, algorithm can converge on solution away from Tx optimal value specified quantitative in particular directions, and in this case, it is close to Rx optimal value.In the present embodiment, logarithmic detector is the equipment with logarithmic response.

In some cases, slope is individually specified will not uniquely to be solved (i.e., it is understood that there may be multiple solutions).Algorithm can solve this situation by adding PTC preference to quality factor.Tunable match can have the multiple solutions meeting Tx RL target, and can include PTC preference in quality factor, not only meets Tx RL target with mark and also meets the solution of Rx performance objective.Similarly, tunable match can have the multiple solutions meeting slope criterion, and can include PTC preference in quality factor, not only meets slope criterion with mark and also meets the solution of Rx performance objective.

It is being used alone in the case of dVout obtains multiple solution, it is possible to use second dervative solves these situations.It is, for example possible to use second dervative (d²Vout/dC2dC1), it is that dVout/dC2 is relative to C1 derivation.Specify dVout/dC2 and d²Vout/dC2dC1 can identify correct or desired Rx from multiple solutions and solve.This illustrative methods may include that the derivative based on RF voltage and variable capacitance, determine the derivative information being associated with RF voltage (such as, one or more in first derivative and/or second dervative etc.), and use this derivative information that tunable match network is tuned.

Another exemplary embodiment can use the detector 830 of the communication equipment 800 in diversity paths as feedback, adjusts the tunable match network 810 on main antenna 805.The tunable match network 810 coupled with main antenna has transmitting signal and receives both signals, it is possible to be optimized for Tx performance, Rx performance and duplex capability.Tx is solved, Vout can be made maximum.Rx is solved and duplex solves, dVout can be included in quality factor.PTC preference may be needed to identify optimum Rx solve, but need not PTC preference and identify optimum duplex solution, return loss, reception power, current drain or linear transmitter degree.

In one or more exemplary embodiment, quality factor can be built and make when it is equal to particular value or is minimized or maximizes, it is achieved desired tuner is arranged.Quality factor can be used together with some Different Optimization algorithms.It is, for example possible to use further method of exhaustion quality factor being estimated for the combination of each capacitor value.Other suitable algorithms can also be used, including simplex algorithm, binary tree search algorithm and/or gradient algorithm.

In another embodiment, antenna 805 and 820 can be tuned by communication equipment 800, and does not use detector 815 and 830.Some distinct methods can be used to regulate tunable match network 810.After tunable match network 810 is adjusted, tunable match network 825 can be adjusted.The detector 801 coupled with directional coupler 875 by supervision, it may be determined that tunable match network 825 is adjusted to the diversity coupling tuning state of tranmitting frequency.If it is assumed that the notable coupling between two antennas 805 and 820, and by monitoring the return loss launching/receive coupling while adjusting diversity reception antenna 820 during launching and mating, it may be determined that by diversity reception antenna 820 be tuned to the diversity coupling tuning state of tranmitting frequency.This tuning state can minimize the return loss in the tranmitting frequency measured at directional coupler 875.After finding this tuning state, then for receiving frequency, tunable match network 825 can suitably be adjusted (such as, skew).

In another embodiment that figure 9 illustrates, communication equipment 900 includes the tuned element 902 for being tuned antenna 901.Tuning can be in an open-loop manner, such as based on frequency and/or service condition.Tuned element 902 can be adjusted so that antenna VSWR is can be by the scope of tunable match network 908 Proper Match.

Can be adjusted tuned element 902 in an open-loop manner, to maximize the obstruction at un-wanted frequency or decay, be maintained at by the VSWR at fundamental frequency can be by the scope of tunable match network 908 Proper Match simultaneously.This un-wanted frequency can be harmonic wave or interference.In a closed loop manner matching network 908 can be tuned such as based on the operable parameter gathered from detector 903 and/or the directional coupler 905 with forward detection device 906 and inverse detection device 907 between matching network 908 and transceiver 909.

In another embodiment shown in Fig. 10, communication equipment 1000 includes for based on frequency and/or service condition, the tuned element 1002 being tuned antenna 1001 in an open-loop manner.Tuned element 1002 can be adjusted, make antenna VSWR can be by the scope of tunable match network 1008 Proper Match, and on antenna, tuning can maximize the obstruction at un-wanted frequency or decay, and being maintained at by the VSWR at fundamental frequency can be by the scope of tunable match network 1008 Proper Match simultaneously.Based on the tolerance gathered from detector 1003, tunable match network can be tuned, without the measurement used from the equipment of arbitrarily measuring between matching network and transceiver 1009.

In another embodiment shown in fig. 11, communication equipment 1100 includes the tuned element 1102 for being tuned antenna 1101 in a closed loop manner and be tuned matching network 1108 the most in a closed loop manner.The directional coupler 1105 with forward detection device 1106 and inverse detection device 1107 can be connected between matching network 1108 and transceiver 1109, for obtaining the operating parameter of the closed loop tuning being used for executive component 1102 and matching network 1108.In the present embodiment, tuning can be performed and obtain measurement without from the measurement assembly of adjacent antennas.

In another embodiment shown in fig. 12, communication equipment 1200 includes for being maintained in the preset range relevant with launching power based on by the RF presented at detector 1203 voltage, the tuned element 1202 being tuned antenna 1201 in a closed loop manner.This can set up can be by the antenna impedance in the scope of tunable match network 1208 Proper Match.Can be tuned matching network 1208 in a closed loop manner based on operating parameter, this operating parameter is to use the directional coupler 1205 with forward detection the device 1206 and inverse detection device 1207 coupled with equipment 1200 between matching network and transceiver 1209 to obtain.

In another embodiment shown in fig. 13, communication equipment 1300 includes for RF voltage (such as, is maintained in the preset range relevant with launching power) in a closed loop manner the tuned element 1302 being tuned antenna 1301 based on the RF voltage obtained at detector 1303.In a closed loop manner matching network 1308 can be tuned based on the operating parameter using detector 1303 to obtain, obtain measurement without from the assembly of arbitrarily measuring of coupling between matching network 1308 and transceiver 1209.

In another embodiment shown in fig. 14, communication equipment 1400 includes tuned element 1402, this tuned element 1402 is placed in preset range for the antenna VSWR detected by use has the directional coupler 1410 of forward detection device 1411 and inverse detection device 1412, is tuned this antenna 1401 in a closed loop manner.This will set up then can be by the antenna VSWR in the scope of tunable match network 1408 Proper Match.In the tolerance interval of antenna VSWR, it is possible to use the tuning preference for element on antenna 1402 makes this solution bias, to reach the second criterion.The coupling for element 1402 can be performed in Rx frequency and/or based on realizing linearisation.Can be tuned matching network 1408 in a closed loop manner based on operating parameter, this operating parameter is to obtain from the directional coupler 1405 with forward detection device 1406 and inverse detection device 1407 between matching network and transceiver 1409.

In another embodiment shown in fig .15, communication equipment 1500 includes tuned element 1502, this tuned element 1502 is placed in preset range for the antenna VSWR detected by use has the directional coupler 1510 of forward detection device 1511 and inverse detection device 1512, is tuned this antenna 1501 in a closed loop manner.This will set up then can be by the antenna VSWR in the scope of tunable match network 1508 Proper Match.In the tolerance interval of antenna VSWR, it is possible to use the tuning preference for tuned element on antenna 1502 makes this solution bias, to reach the second criterion.The coupling for element 1502 can be performed in Rx frequency and/or based on realizing linearisation.In a closed loop manner matching network 1508 can be tuned based on using the operating parameter obtained from the detector 1503 of coupling near antenna 1501, obtain measurement without from the assembly of arbitrarily measuring between matching network and transceiver 1509.

In another embodiment shown in figure 16, communication equipment 1600 includes the tuned element 1602 for being tuned antenna 1601 and tuned element 1610.Tuned element 1602 can mainly affect LB radiant body, and tuned element 1610 can mainly affect the HB radiant body of antenna 1601.In an open-loop manner tuned element 1602 can be adjusted based on frequency and/or service condition.Tuned element 1602 can be adjusted so that the antenna VSWR determined according to the tolerance of detector 1603 is can be by the scope of tunable match network 1608 Proper Match.Can be adjusted tuned element 1602 in an open-loop manner, to maximize the obstruction at un-wanted frequency or decay, be maintained at by the VSWR at fundamental frequency can be by the scope of tunable match network 1608 Proper Match simultaneously.Un-wanted frequency can be the such as harmonic wave in high frequency band, and base (TX&RX) frequency can be in low-frequency band.Operating parameter can be used to be tuned matching network 1608 in a closed loop manner, and this operating parameter is to obtain from the directional coupler 1605 with forward detection device 1606 and inverse detection device 1607 of coupling between matching network and transceiver 1609.

Another embodiment provides and is tuned one or more in the antenna of communication equipment.In multi-antenna systems, the aerial efficiency maximizing all antennas simply may be not up to the best overall performance of communication system.In less mobile phone, isolating or going association between antenna can be the key parameter limiting overall performance.Efficiency and the control method isolated between them of two antennas of consideration are useful.Such as, in antenna diversity system, antenna can be tuned, in order to reduce the coupling between antenna, and do not reduce the efficiency of any antenna, or minimally to reduce efficiency so that overall system performance strengthens.Therefore, even for the antenna that spacing in hand-held Mobile solution is nearer, although antenna is close, coupling can keep minimum.Other parameters in addition to antenna cross-couplings can also be optimized, to improve the overall performance of system (such as can there is multiple output antenna and the mimo system of multiple input antenna) simultaneously.

Figure 17 shows the illustrative methods 1700 of operation in the part of the equipment of one or more Fig. 1-16.Method 1700 can be used together with the communication equipment (including multi-antenna) of various configurations.Method 1700 from the beginning of step 1702, can detect one or more parameter (such as, by the parameter being associated with transmitting using measurement assembly (including detector and/or directional coupler) to obtain) of communication equipment.Quantity and the position of measuring assembly can change, it is possible near antenna and/or between matching network and transceiver.

In step 1704, it may be determined whether tuned cell on multiple antennas.If more than a this tuned cell, then in step 1706, based on expectation VSWR, the tuned cell being associated with LB radiating element can be tuned.In step 1708, based on different factors (such as, the obstruction of un-wanted frequency or decay), the tuned cell being associated with HB radiating element can be tuned.On the other hand if, only exist tuned cell and/or this tuned cell on an antenna and be only connected with one of LB or HB radiating element of antenna, then method 1700 may proceed to step 1710, and tuned cell on antenna is tuned by use open loop and/or closed-loop process.Open loop process can use various factors to determine tuning, including service condition, operation frequency, close to information accelerometer/positional information etc..Closed-loop process can use various factors to determine tuning, including RF voltage, return loss, reception power, current drain or linear transmitter degree.

In step 1712, it is possible to use matching network performs tuning.The tuning of matching network can be open loop process and/or closed-loop process, including using above with respect to one or more factor described with the open loop process can being tuned tuned cell on antenna and closed-loop process.The time using matching network to be tuned can change, and performs including with the tuning of tuned cell on antenna simultaneously, performs after to the tuning of tuned cell on antenna and/or before to the tuning of tuned cell on antenna.Method 1700 can be the iterative processing being tuned tuned cell on antenna and/or matching network.

In one embodiment, the tuning of matching network can be performed in conjunction with the such as look-up table shown in Figure 18.Such as, can be with one or more expected performance feature of the formal definition communication equipment 100 of quality factor (FOM), communication equipment can be adapted to: by scanning mathematical model with fine increments, find the tuning state scope realizing expectation FOM, to find the global optimum's performance about expectation FOM.In one embodiment, (such as, by the controller 106 of the communication equipment 100 of Fig. 1), look-up table 1800 can be indexed during operation according to frequency band and/or service condition.

According to foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the art be it is evident that: on the premise of without departing from the scope and spirit of the claims below, above-described embodiment can be modified, simplify or strengthen.Such as, detector 830 can include the directional coupler for diversity antenna, for compensating the band external impedance of Rx wave filter, this band external impedance can create the highest standing wave, and the unpredictable position (being included in the bottom of antenna) being placed on line by point of zero voltage on feeder line.

In another embodiment, the combination of open loop process and closed-loop process can be used for one or more tuned element and/or the tuning of matching network of antenna.For example, it is possible to operating parameter based on communication system, part uses closed-loop process, and can service condition based on communication equipment and/or positional information, part uses open loop to process, is tuned the tuned element of antenna.In another embodiment, the use that closed-loop process and open loop process can be alternately or be otherwise arranged to be applied to specific tuned element, first application open loop processes but then applies closed-loop process, is switched to closed loop including operating parameter based on communication equipment from open loop.In another embodiment, can completely or partially use open loop to process such as based on the service condition provided in look-up table and/or based on the positional information being associated with this communication equipment, this matching network be tuned.

Exemplary embodiment can such as tuned element and/or at matching network on antenna, use open loop tuning process.Service condition can include different situations or the state being associated from communication equipment, such as, open, close, slip into, skid off (such as, Qwerty keypad or numeric keypad), speaker-phone leaves, speaker-phone closes, hands-free operation, antenna upward, antenna down, other communication patterns open or close (such as, bluetooth/WiFi/GPS), special frequency band and/or transmission or receive pattern.Service condition can be based on object or surface proximity detection (such as, the hands of user or desk).Open loop can include other environmental effects, such as, temperature, pressure, speed and/or height impact in processing.Open loop processes other information that can consider such as to be associated with ad-hoc location (such as, between floors or in the city surrounded by building), and is in the instruction outside scope.This exemplary embodiment can use the combination of open loop process and closed-loop process, such as based on service condition and measured operating parameter (such as, by the detectors measure of adjacent antennas and/or the operating parameter measured by the directional coupler between matching network and transceiver) tuned element is tuned.In other words, tuning can use one to process and then switch to another and process, such as, based on the specific factor being associated with this communication equipment, use closed loop to tune and then switch to open loop tuning.Service condition can be based on the understanding to following information: transmitter power level is arranged and receiver received signal strength, current drain, accelerometer direction/orientation, and in equipment (such as, mobile phone, panel computer or other Wireless Telecom Equipments) obtainable instruction operator scheme or other information any of service condition.

In one embodiment, low-frequency band (LB) radiating element and high frequency band (HB) radiating element can be used together with antenna, wherein, based on the desired voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) being associated with antenna, at least one tuned element being associated with LB radiating element is tuned, and measure based on different performance, at least another tuned element being associated with HB radiating element is tuned.Different performance tolerance can decay based on un-wanted frequency.As example, un-wanted frequency can be harmonic frequency or can be associated with interference.

Can also use about the tuning of other tuned elements herein in regard to the method described by the tuning of a tuned element and/or assembly.Such as, the derivative information for being tuned matching network may be used for the tuning of tuned element on antenna.

Other suitably amendments can also be applied in the disclosure.Therefore, in order to width and the scope of the disclosure are more fully understood, by guide for readers claim.

With the form of computer system 1900, Figure 19 shows that the exemplary patterns of machine represents, wherein, instruction set (when implemented) can make machine perform any one or more mean discussed above.In certain embodiments, machine operation is autonomous device.In certain embodiments, machine (can use network) and is connected with other machines.In networked deployment, machine can operate under the ability of server in server-client user network environment or client user machine, or operates as the peer machines in equity (or distributed) network environment.

Machine can include server computer, client user computer, personal computer (PC), flat board PC, laptop computer, desktop computer, control system, network router, switch or bridger or (sequentially or otherwise) can perform to specify any machine of the instruction set being carried out action by machine.It will be appreciated that the equipment of the disclosure includes providing voice, video or any electronic equipment of data communication widely.Although additionally, show individual machine, term " machine " is it will be also be appreciated that include the arbitrary collection of machine, and it performs one or more instruction set independently or in combination, to perform one or more method discussed herein.

Computer system 1900 can include processor 1902 (CPU (CPU), Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), CPU (CPU) and Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), main storage 1904 and the static memory 1906 that such as, are in communication with each other) via bus 1908.Computer system 1900 can also include video display unit 1910 (such as, liquid crystal display (LCD), flat board, solid state display or cathode ray tube (CRT)).Computer system 1900 can include input equipment 1912 (such as, keyboard), cursor control device 1914 (such as, mouse), disk drive unit 1916, signal generating apparatus 1918 (such as, speaker or remotely control) and Network Interface Unit 1920.

Disk drive unit 1916 can include machine readable media 1922, store at machine readable media 1922 and realize any one or one or more instruction set (such as, software 1924) of more method or function (including those described hereinabove method) described herein.During computer system 1900 performs instruction 1924, instruction 1924 can reside in (completely or at least partially) main storage 1904, static memory 1906 and/or in processor 1902.Main storage 1904 and processor 1902 can also constitute machine readable media.

Specialized hardware realizes including, but is not limited to special IC, programmable gate array and being constructed to realize other hardware devices of method described herein equally.Can include that device and the systematic difference of various embodiment include various electronics and computer system widely.Some embodiments part in two or more specific interconnected hardware modules or equipment or as special IC realizes function, wherein, transmits relevant controling and data signal between the modules and by module.Therefore, example system is applicable to software, firmware and hardware realization.

According to the various embodiments of the disclosure, method described herein is intended to the operation as the software program run on a computer processor.Additionally, software realizes including, but is not limited to: distributed treatment or component/object distributed treatment, parallel processing maybe can be constructed to realize the virtual machine of method described herein and process.

Disclosure expection machine readable media, this machine readable media comprises instruction 1924 or receives from transmitting signal and perform to instruct 1924, make the equipment being connected with network environment 1926 can send or receive voice, video or data, and use instruction 1924 to be communicated by network 1926.Can also send or receive instruction 1924 via Network Interface Unit 1920 by network 1926.

Although in the exemplary embodiment, machine readable media 1922 is shown as single medium, term " machine readable media " is understood to include and stores the single medium of one or more instruction set or multiple medium (such as, concentrate or distributed data base and/or the cache being associated and server).Term " machine readable media " is it will be also be appreciated that include can storing, encode or carry the arbitrary medium of the instruction set performed for machine, and makes machine perform any one or the arbitrary medium of more method of the disclosure.

Therefore, term " machine readable media " is understood to include (but not limited to): solid-state memory (such as, equipped with one or more read-only (non-volatile) memorizer, random access memory or the storage card of other rewritable (volatibility) memorizeies or other encapsulation)；Magneto-optic or optical medium (such as, disk or tape)；And/or the set (being counted as the distributed medium being equal to tangible media) of the digital file attachment of Email or other self-contained archival of information files or history file.Therefore, the disclosure is considered one or more in the machine readable media or distributed medium that the software including storing herein realizes, that this medium includes listing herein and include equivalent or the successor media that this area identifies.

Although this specification describes the assembly and function realized in embodiment with reference to specific criteria and agreement, but the disclosure is not limited to these standards and agreement.The example of prior art is represented for each standard in the standard (such as, TCP/IP, UDP/IP, HTML, HTTP) of the Internet and other packet switched network transmission.These standards termly by have be substantially the same function faster or more effectively equivalent replaces.Therefore, alternate standard and the agreement with identical function are counted as equivalent.

The signal of embodiment described herein be intended to provide to the structure of various embodiments it is generally understood that they are not intended to serve as can utilize the complete description of the device of structure described herein and all unit of system and feature.Run through described above after, a lot of other embodiments will be apparent from for a person skilled in the art.Other embodiments of derivation described above can be utilized so that without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, may be made that structure and replacement in logic and change.Accompanying drawing is only representational, is not drawn to scale.Specific part in accompanying drawing may be exaggerated, and other parts may be minimized.Therefore, specification and drawings is counted as being exemplary rather than restrictive.

These embodiments of present subject matter " are invented " individually and/or uniformly by term to be referred to, it is merely for convenience, rather than be intended to automatically scope of the present application is restricted to any single invention or inventive concepts, if actually more than one embodiment is disclosed.Therefore, although having been illustrated with herein and describing specific embodiment it should be appreciated that: calculate and can substitute, for any layout realizing identical purpose, the specific embodiment illustrated.The disclosure is intended to cover any and all reorganization of various embodiment and variant.Run through described above after, the combination of above-described embodiment and other embodiments not specifically disclosed herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

The summary of the disclosure is appreciated that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope of claim or implication.Additionally, it will be seen that in order to make disclosure methodization, various features are integrated in single embodiment in above-detailed.Disclosed method will not be interpreted to reflect an intention that the feature of declared embodiment needs feature more more than the feature clearly described in each claim.But, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matter has the feature fewer than all features of single disclosed embodiment.Therefore, the claims below is merged in detailed description, and each claim is individually present as the most claimed theme.

Claims (16)

1. a tuning system, for having the communication equipment of antenna, described tuning system includes:

At least one first tuned element, is connected with at least one radiating element of described antenna, For described antenna is tuned, wherein, the tune of at least one the first tuned element described Joint includes closed-loop process；

Matching network, have described antenna feed point couple at least one second tunable yuan Part, for the first operating parameter based on described communication equipment, adjusts described matching network Humorous, wherein, at least one first tuned element described is placed in has inducer and ground connection On substrate, described closed-loop process is based on second operating parameter different from described first operating parameter； And

Between described antenna and described matching network, the detector device of coupling, wherein, described First operating parameter is obtained by described detector device, it is thus achieved that described first operating parameter Without obtaining measurement from the point between the matching network and transceiver of described communication equipment.

Tuning system the most according to claim 1, wherein, described at least one is first adjustable Humorous element and at least one second tuned element described are electric tunable electric capacity at least partially Device, and described first operating parameter includes output, return loss, reception power, consumption By at least one in electric current or linear transmitter degree, and described at least one is first tunable Element is coupled with at least one radiating element described via single Elastic Contact.

Tuning system the most according to claim 1, wherein, described first operating parameter is to make It is used between antenna and the transceiver of described communication equipment what the directional coupler connected obtained.

Tuning system the most according to claim 1, wherein, described first operating parameter be The transceiver of described communication equipment is transmitted what period obtained.

Tuning system the most according to claim 4, wherein, described at least one is first adjustable The regulation of humorous element is based on the tolerance obtained from described detector device.

Tuning system the most according to claim 1, wherein, described first operating parameter is to make With between described matching network and transceiver coupling directional coupler and measure equipment obtain, And perform described regulation and obtain measurement without the point near described antenna.

Tuning system the most according to claim 1, including:

First measures assembly, is coupling between described matching network and transceiver, is used for obtaining institute State the first operating parameter of communication equipment；And

Second measures assembly, is coupling between described antenna and described matching network, is used for obtaining With described communication equipment launch the second operating parameter of being associated of power, wherein, described at least The regulation of one the first tuned element is based on described second operating parameter.

Tuning system the most according to claim 7, wherein, described first measurement assembly is fixed To bonder.

Tuning system the most according to claim 7, wherein, uses tuning and second frequency model The different disposal used when enclosing at least one second radiating element of the described antenna being associated, At least one first radiating element of the described antenna being associated with first frequency scope is adjusted Humorous.

Tuning system the most according to claim 9, wherein, at least one first spoke described Penetrating element is high frequency band radiating element.

11. tuning systems according to claim 7, wherein, described first measure assembly and Described second measurement assembly is directional coupler.

12. tuning systems according to claim 1, are included in described antenna and described coupling Between network coupling detector and directional coupler, wherein, described first operating parameter be from Described detector obtains.

13. tuning systems according to claim 12, wherein, use described directional coupler Obtain the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) being associated with described antenna, and regulate based on described VSWR At least one first tuned element described.

14. tuning systems according to claim 1, wherein, described first operating parameter bag Include return loss.

The method of 15. 1 kinds of communication equipments for tuning with antenna, including:

It is connected at least one radiating element with antenna that antenna is tuned by regulation At least one first tuned element of communication equipment, described antenna is tuned, its In, the regulation of at least one the first tuned element described includes closed-loop process；And

The first operating parameter based on described communication equipment, the matching network to described communication equipment Being tuned, wherein, described matching network has at least that the feed point with described antenna couples Individual second tuned element, and at least one first tuned element described is placed in and has electricity On the substrate of sensor and ground connection, described closed-loop process is based on different from described first operating parameter Second operating parameter,

Wherein coupled detector equipment between described antenna and described matching network, wherein, institute State the first operating parameter to be obtained by described detector device, it is thus achieved that described first operation ginseng Number is without obtaining measurement from the point between the matching network and transceiver of described communication equipment.

16. methods according to claim 15, wherein, described antenna and described matching network In at least one tuning believe based on the derivative that is associated with the detection RF voltage of described communication equipment Breath.