CN103954738A - Indoor test apparatus for measuring vibration propagation characteristic of soil - Google Patents
Indoor test apparatus for measuring vibration propagation characteristic of soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103954738A CN103954738A CN201410128570.9A CN201410128570A CN103954738A CN 103954738 A CN103954738 A CN 103954738A CN 201410128570 A CN201410128570 A CN 201410128570A CN 103954738 A CN103954738 A CN 103954738A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an indoor test apparatus for measuring the vibration propagation characteristic of soil. The apparatus comprises an experiment excitation portion and an experiment enforcement portion, and the experiment excitation portion comprises a lateral support vertical plate, a top fixing beam, a fixed exciter clamp, an exciter, an excitation link device, a force sensor and an excitation gasket, and the excitation gasket contacts soil; and the experiment enforcement portion comprises a soil tank, a soil tank fixing device, a vibration isolation and damping material, an acceleration sensor, a soil humidity measurer and a soil compactness measurer. The test apparatus has the advantages of strong applicability, simple operation, convenient installation and dismounting, and low cost and operation cost, and is suitable for the fields of transportation, construction, high-speed railways, automobiles and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laboratory testing rig of measuring soil body Vibration propagation characteristic.
Background technology
Along with national economy sustained and rapid development, urbanization process is accelerated, and population is constantly to urban agglomerations, and city size also constantly expands, and has even produced the megalopolis as Beijing and Shanghai.For meeting people's normal travel requirement, each big city has been built a large amount of rail lines or heavy haul and rapid road one after another, and this has brought huge facility to civic life, but various disadvantages also highlight thereupon.
One of them problem is, the vibration causing of travelling of big city middle orbit traffic, heavy-duty vehicle, and the inhabitation on these traffic lines nearby urban crowds and working environment have produced significant adverse impact.Track traffic or heavily loaded wheeled vehicular traffic are because load is heavier, speed, and its ground vibration causing can make residential building on the way produce significantly long-time vibration sense after outwards propagating.
Have apart from rail compare Jin community building, in the time that city railway vehicle passes through, 1-5 layer all can be experienced obvious floor and seat vibration, and this declines to a great extent the comfortableness of living.Heavy load Vehicle Driving Cycle is on city underground or identitypath time, and neighboring buildings also can be subject to obvious vibration effect.Have near the suffered Subway Vibration impact of the Research Center being positioned at city underground, subway by time multiple instrument and equipment be difficult to ensure to carry out high precision work, affect normal experiment test and scientific research activity.
Bullet train when operation, the vibration of the backward outer propagation of railway ground excited target, for the deleterious effects of near plant produced Along Railway and processing environment also clearly.No matter be that these vibration source systems (subway train, high-speed railway and automobile) or traffic route are optimized to analysis, still carry out vibration damping and vibration isolation system, all need to vibrate the experimental simulation of propagation characteristic in the soil body.
Outdoor site test faces a more difficult problem.The layout of experimental data collection point is affected by near the architectural composition of sample plot, and the position of collection point is selected limited, is difficult to realize regular layouting, and can not realize the intensive collection for vibration signal.In addition, vibrational excitation source is difficult to control: uncontrollable being also difficult to of load situation by vehicle predicted; Actuation duration by vehicle is uncontrollable; Be difficult to realize repeated sampling; Along with the variation of weather, temperature, humidity, soil mass property also can be different.
For this reason, be sought after a kind of experimental provision that can vibrate at Indoor measurement propagation characteristic in the soil body, to can carry out under a series of given waveforms, frequency load the experimental study of Vibration propagation characteristic in the soil body in laboratory.This device should implementation rule ripple and the load of random wave random waveform and frequency loads, to the effective intensive collection of vibration signal, sensor, flexible arrangement, soil body humidity and packing can detect and control, can repeat the functions such as experiment as required.
Current indoor soil body experimental provision is mainly used in measuring the native characteristic such as intensity, this structure, also lacks the device of measuring vibrations propagation characteristic.Therefore,, in the urgent need to inventing a kind of general convenience, with low cost, can measure the test unit of soil body Vibration propagation characteristic.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of laboratory testing rig of measuring soil body Vibration propagation characteristic, carrys out the propagation of analog vibration ripple in the soil body.
A kind of laboratory testing rig of measuring soil body Vibration propagation characteristic of the present invention comprises: experiment driver unit and experiment implementation section, and described experiment driver unit further comprises:
Lateral support riser, two lateral support risers are arranged on described experiment implementation section both sides;
Top fixed cross beam, is bolted and is fixed between two lateral support risers;
Constant excitation device fixture, is fixedly installed on below the fixed cross beam of top;
Driver, is arranged between constant excitation device fixture by secured adjusted bolt;
Excitation chain connection device, one end is connected to by power sensor below driver;
Excitation pad, links end mechanism by excitation and is connected with the excitation chain connection device other end, and contact with the soil body;
Described experiment implementation section further comprises:
Soil box, fills with the soil body in described soil box, is arranged between two lateral support risers;
Soil box stationary installation, is arranged on the fixing soil box of soil box two bottom sides in track;
Vibration isolation and damping material, is arranged in the sulculus that soil body surface offers;
Acceleration transducer, distributes and is arranged on soil body surface, inserts inside soil body;
Soil humidity measurement instrument, distributes and is arranged on soil body surface, inserts inside soil body;
Soil matrix compactness measuring apparatus, distributes and is arranged on soil body surface, inserts inside soil body.
Preferably, described lateral support riser and top fixed cross beam, employing steel plate is material.
Technical scheme of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) this experimental provision can provide the excitation load of stabilized frequency, can within the scope of wider load frequency, carry out vibration experiment, and the adjustable frequency scope of electromagnetic loading device is: 2-2500Hz, can meet most simulated experiment requirement; For more low-frequency situation, for simulating signal more accurately, can change electromagnetism loader into hydraulic loading system.
(2) this device is by coordinating excitation signal generator, the exciting force of fixed size can be provided, and can realize the loading of the soil body being carried out to random signal, spectrum signal, for point of excitation place by an elongated rigid gasket is set, can convert point loading to line load, carry out to simulate more accurately the Vibration Condition in Practical Project.
(3) arrangement of this device sensor can be arranged arbitrarily as required, can be according to the difference of experimental simulation situation, and the quantity of reasonable arrangement sensor and layout type, and can realize the intensive collection for vibration signal.
(4) can, according to requirement of experiment, the three-phase of the soil body be regulated, can the humidity of the soil body and packing be detected and be controlled, can also be according to experiment needs, the soil property of different size particles is selected in employing, forms different gradation, more accurately simulating actual conditions.
(5) can facilitate the correlative study of further carrying out soil body vibration damping, vibration isolation aspect.This device can be according to different research needs, by test block soil body surface or some vibration dampings of internal placement, vibration isolation material, play and suppress the effect that vibration wave transmits.
(6) this experimental provision applicability strong, be easy to dismounting, be convenient to need to reequip flexibly according to difference research, device is equipped with soil humidity measurement instrument and soil matrix compactness measuring apparatus, displacement transducer and power sensor, when being optimized and assessing or carry out vibration damping, vibration isolation control for the soil body for some performance in vibrational structure power system, this covering device easy operating, precision are higher.
(7) experimental provision is mainly taking organic glass and steel plate as raw material.In test unit cost, this experimental provision is well below traditional large-scale vibrating testing table (as earthquake simulation test platform), the operating cost of test is also quite cheap compared with other vibration table, is applicable to communications and transportation, building, high ferro, automobile and other industries field.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is soil body Vibration propagation characteristic laboratory testing rig left view;
Fig. 2 is soil body Vibration propagation characteristic laboratory testing rig vertical view;
Fig. 3 is soil body Vibration propagation characteristic laboratory testing rig front view.
Embodiment
Experimental provision of the present invention is well positioned to meet kinds of experiments requirement, needs to meet following 5 points: one, can realize optional frequency, the stable external load excitation of arbitrary size; Two, can carry out to the soil body loading of random signal, spectrum signal; Three, the arrangement of sensor can be arranged arbitrarily as required, can realize the intensive collection for vibration signal; Four, can, according to requirement of experiment, the three-phase of the soil body be regulated, can the humidity of the soil body and packing be detected and be controlled; Five, can facilitate the correlative study of further carrying out soil body vibration damping, vibration isolation aspect.Above this some all can complete by this experimental provision.
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The laboratory testing rig of measurement soil body Vibration propagation characteristic of the present invention comprises experiment driver unit and experiment implementation section.
Experiment driver unit main body is made up of two lateral support risers 5 and top fixed cross beam 1, and wherein top fixed cross beam 1 is bolted and is fixed between two lateral support risers 5.The material of lateral support riser 5 and top fixed cross beam 1 adopts steel plate.
Top fixed cross beam 1 is arranged with constant excitation device fixture 3, and for constant excitation device 2, the two connects by the secured adjusted bolt 4 of driver 2 both sides.
Driver 2 lower end are connected with excitation chain connection device 7 by power sensor 6, excitation chain connection device 7 other ends are provided with excitation link end mechanism 8, be connected with excitation pad 9, excitation link end mechanism 8 can well act on the point loading of loader on excitation pad 9 like this, and elongated rigidity excitation pad 9 can change into point loading preferably uniform line load and act on the soil body 10.
Experiment implementation section mainly comprises a rectangular parallelepiped soil box 11 that fills with the soil body 10, and soil box 11 is fixed in track by soil box stationary installation 12.
The soil body 10 surfaces in soil box 11 offer a sulculus, are filled with vibration isolation and damping material 16 in sulculus.
On the soil body 10 surfaces, be furnished with several acceleration transducers 14, soil humidity measurement instrument 13 and soil matrix compactness measuring apparatus 15 insert the soil body 10 inside, thereby measure and control humidity and the packing of the soil body, can better simulate actual soil characteristics.
The attachment device implementation process of a kind of laboratory testing rig of measuring soil body Vibration propagation characteristic of the present invention is:
(1) when this device production, the higher steel plate of first-selected intensity also ensures that the rear each surface evenness of welding is higher, and more than the machining precision of all accessories of a whole set of experimental provision all will reach 0.5mm, on attachment device, the screwhole position of beating will ensure the high precision of 0.1mm.
(2) install respectively successively experiment driver unit and experiment implementation section, and utilize laser level to ensure that two parts are orthogonal, ensure the smooth and difficult vibration of track.
(3) groove of a square sectional is opened on the surface on the soil body 10, inserts vibration isolation and damping material 16, and by its compacting, it is the same with the soil body 10 smooth that surface keeps.
(4) soil box 11 is fixed in track, to ensure in the time carrying out earth propagation vibration experiment, can not cause that the vibration of soil box 11 (if soil box 11 vibrates, will drive the soil body 10 to vibrate conversely, bring error and interference to experiment measuring, after soil box 11 is fixing, just can eliminate this interference).
(5) connect experiment driver unit and experiment implementation section by rotation loader, after being rotated in place, utilize laser level to calibrate the position of loader end, ensure that it is perpendicular to the soil body 10.In static equilibrium position, must ensure that loader is appropriate pressured state, otherwise in dynamic load process, there will be excitation link end mechanism 8 and the disengaging that encourages pad 9, cannot ensure effective loading.
(6) when experimental provision is worked, preferably sensor used is all connected with signal receiver, by obtaining comparatively ideal experimental result to the comprehensive analysis of force signal, acceleration signal, humidity and packing information.When the soil body 10 undesirable, can also carry out simulating actual conditions accurately by the humidity and the packing that regulate the soil body 10.
Claims (2)
1. a laboratory testing rig of measuring soil body Vibration propagation characteristic, is characterized in that, comprising: experiment driver unit and experiment implementation section, and described experiment driver unit further comprises:
Lateral support riser, two lateral support risers are arranged on described experiment implementation section both sides;
Top fixed cross beam, is bolted and is fixed between two lateral support risers;
Constant excitation device fixture, is fixedly installed on below the fixed cross beam of top;
Driver, is arranged between constant excitation device fixture by secured adjusted bolt;
Excitation chain connection device, one end is connected to by power sensor below driver;
Excitation pad, links end mechanism by excitation and is connected with the excitation chain connection device other end, and contact with the soil body;
Described experiment implementation section further comprises:
Soil box, fills with the soil body in described soil box, is arranged between two lateral support risers;
Soil box stationary installation, is arranged on the fixing soil box of soil box two bottom sides in track;
Vibration isolation and damping material, is arranged in the sulculus that soil body surface offers;
Acceleration transducer, distributes and is arranged on soil body surface, inserts inside soil body;
Soil humidity measurement instrument, distributes and is arranged on soil body surface, inserts inside soil body;
Soil matrix compactness measuring apparatus, distributes and is arranged on soil body surface, inserts inside soil body.
2. the laboratory testing rig of measurement soil body Vibration propagation characteristic according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described lateral support riser and top fixed cross beam, employing steel plate is material.
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