CN103915856A - Base station grid connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system and control method thereof - Google Patents

Base station grid connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system and control method thereof Download PDF

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CN103915856A
CN103915856A CN201410154819.3A CN201410154819A CN103915856A CN 103915856 A CN103915856 A CN 103915856A CN 201410154819 A CN201410154819 A CN 201410154819A CN 103915856 A CN103915856 A CN 103915856A
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micro
switch
inverter
grid
photovoltaic
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CN103915856B (en
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杨建�
阮璇
董密
粟梅
曾丽娟
张鹏飞
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CHANGSHA VICTORY ELECTRICITY TECH Co.,Ltd.
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Central South University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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Abstract

The invention discloses a base station grid connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system and a control method of the base station grid connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system. The system comprises a photovoltaic micro-inverter module 101, a control box 102, an AC-DC module 103, a storage battery 104 and a direct-current load 105. According to the control method, switching between a grid-connected charging working mode and an off-grid charging working mode is completed without changing original wiring, so that the redundancy of a circuit is reduced to a certain degree, the reliability of a system is improved, the efficiency of the system is indirectly improved, and the cost of the system is reduced; generated energy can be accurately metered by an additionally-arranged electricity meter.

Description

A kind of base station is grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system and control method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of base station grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system and control method thereof.
Background technology
Along with large-scale development and the utilization of green energy resource regenerative resource, solar energy relies on its unique advantage to obtain more concern.Solar energy be the most clean on our times, the most real, large-scale develop and utilize one of the most promising regenerative resource.Wherein solar energy photovoltaic utilization is subject to the common concern of countries in the world, and solar photovoltaic grid-connection generating is the Main Trends of The Development of solar energy photovoltaic utilization, will be developed fast, but, in the time of electric network fault, grid-connected photovoltaic system can not continue generating, causes the wasting of resources, so how the energy of guarantee grid-connected photovoltaic system photovoltaic panel in the situation that of grid cut-off can continue to be applied also becomes concerned issue.
At present, the development of inversion transformation technique is along with the progress of power electronic technology, microelectric technique and modern control theory is updated, and inversion transformation technique is just towards high frequency, high efficiency, high power density, high reliability, intelligentized future development.
In prior art, most of photovoltaic generating modules only have simple function grid-connected or charging.Photovoltaic parallel in system is series-parallel centralized as main take polylith photovoltaic panel again, and capacity usage ratio is not high, and in photovoltaic charging system charging process, relates to the management of energy yet.Be subject to the restriction of efficiency and circuit topology simultaneously, make that high-efficiency photovoltaic electrification module is grid-connected to be realized in conjunction with being difficult for charging, and other power fields switching grid-connected, charging is at present many according to the passive switching of electrical network situation.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of base station grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system and control method thereof, its object is, micro-inverter system can work in grid-connected and two kinds of operational modes of charging, and realizes grid-connected and control charge operation based on PLC.For realizing above-mentioned technical problem, adopt following scheme:
A kind of base station is grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system, comprise photovoltaic micro-inverter module 101, control cabinet 102, AC-DC module 103, batteries 104 and DC load 105;
Photovoltaic micro-inverter module 101 at least comprises 2 micro-inverters and at least 2 photovoltaic battery panels, and each micro-inverter is connected with a photovoltaic battery panel, in parallel between micro-inverter;
Described control cabinet 102 comprises PLC control logic module and ammeter, and the input of described ammeter is connected with the output of micro-inverter, and the output of described ammeter accesses 220V electric main through switch QA1,
Between described AC-DC module and described 220V electric main, be serially connected with switch QA3, the output of described AC-DC module is connected with described batteries, and described batteries is connected to DC load;
AC-DC module 103 starts in the time of switch QA1 and QA3 closure, be converted to direct current for the alternating current that system is produced, for battery charging, and provide constant dc to DC load, when system works is in grid-connected pattern, provide constant dc by AC-DC module to DC load and storage battery by electrical network;
The output of described ammeter is connected with batteries through switch QA2;
Closed and the disconnection of described PLC control logic module controls switch QA1, QA2 and QA3.
Described base station is grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system works in the time being incorporated into the power networks pattern, switch QA1 and switch QA3 closure, switch QA2 disconnects, micro-inverter output AC electricity is grid-connected; AC-DC module (103) starts in the time of switch QA1 and QA3 closure, for civil power alternating current is converted to direct current, is battery charging, and provides constant dc to DC load;
Described base station is grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system works in the time of charge operation pattern, switch QA2 closure, switch QA1 and switch QA3 disconnect, the direct current of micro-inverter output is to DC load or storage battery power supply.
Described micro-inverter comprises DC bus capacitor C pV201, circuit of reversed excitation 202, H bridge commutating circuit 203 and output filter circuit 204;
DC bus capacitor C pVin parallel with photovoltaic cell, for stablizing photovoltaic cell voltage;
Circuit of reversed excitation 202 comprises the first transformer T1, the second transformer T2, power MOSFET tube Q 1, Q 2, Power Diode Pumped D 1and D 2and capacitor C 1, C 2;
Follow the tracks of for output current wave control and the maximum power of photovoltaic cell point of realizing grid-connected micro-inverter;
Power MOSFET tube Q 1and Q 2the S utmost point be connected with the negative pole of photovoltaic battery panel, the D utmost point is connected with the one end on the former limit of the second transformer with the first transformer respectively, the first transformer is connected with the other end on the former limit of the second transformer and the positive pole of photovoltaic battery panel; Secondary one end of the first transformer and the second transformer respectively with Power Diode Pumped D 1and D 2positive pole be connected, capacitor C 1, C 2be parallel to respectively Power Diode Pumped D 1and D 2negative pole and the first transformer and the other end of the second transformer between;
H bridge commutating circuit comprises thyristor S p1, S n1with MOSFET pipe S p2, S n2, thyristor S p1with MOSFET pipe S p2form forward change of current brachium pontis, thyristor S n1with MOSFET pipe S n2form negative sense change of current brachium pontis, two output thyristor S of H bridge commutating circuit p1negative pole and MOSFET pipe S n2the D utmost point join through output filter circuit and electrical network;
Output filter circuit, comprises filter capacitor C gwith filter inductance L g, filter capacitor C gbe connected to thyristor S p1negative pole and S n1negative pole between, L ga termination S p1negative pole, L gthe other end and S n1negative pole be linked into electrical network two ends;
Electrical network G gridfor civil power 220V.
Described switch QA2 is D.C. contactor switch, and described switch QA1 and QA3 are A.C. contactor switch.
A kind of base station is grid-connected-control method of charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system, adopt described base station grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system, according to user's request, utilize the break-make of PLC control logic module controls switch QA1, QA2 and QA3, from the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks or charge operation pattern, select mode of operation;
Be incorporated into the power networks under pattern, PLC control logic module controls switch QA1 closure, QA3 closure, switch QA2 disconnects, and micro-inverter output AC electricity is grid-connected, and electrical network, by the charging of AC-DC module accumulators group, is DC load power supply simultaneously;
Under charge operation pattern, PLC control logic module controls switch QA1, QA3 disconnect, switch QA2 closure, and the direct current of micro-inverter output is to DC load or storage battery power supply.
Control procedure comprises the following steps:
Step 1: detection of grid voltage and battery tension;
Step 2: according to the operational mode priority level of user's request initialization system, if be set as grid-connected preferentially, enter step 3; Otherwise enter step 4;
Step 3: the line voltage obtaining according to step 1 judges that whether network operation is normal:
If network operation is normal, enter the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, PLC control logic module controls switch QA1 closure, QA3 closure, switch QA2 disconnects, and micro-inverter carries out DC-AC conversion; If network operation is undesired, enter step 4;
Step 4: judge that whether battery tension is 0, if battery tension is not 0, enters battery charger operation mode, PLC control logic module controls switch QA1, QA3 disconnect, switch QA2 closure, and micro-inverter carries out DC-DC conversion, if battery tension is 0, return to step 1.
Described base station is grid-connected-and charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system works is in charge operation pattern lower time; when the direct voltage of micro-inverter output is during at normal range (NR) 40.8V-54V; PLC control logic module controls switch QA2 closure; in the time that the direct voltage of micro-inverter output exceeds normal range (NR) 40.8V-54V; PLC control logic module controls switch QA2 disconnects, protection DC load and batteries.
Adopt isolated island to detect and judge that whether network operation normal, if line voltage amplitude fluctuations in-10%～+ 5%, frequency fluctuation is between-0.2Hz～+ 0.2Hz, isolated island testing result is that electrical network is normal, otherwise is that electrical network is undesired.
Beneficial effect
The present invention proposes a kind of base station grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system and control method thereof, this system comprises photovoltaic micro-inverter module 101, control cabinet 102, AC-DC module 103, batteries 104 and DC load 105; This control method is grid-connected and from the switching of net battery charger operation mode by completing under the condition not needing to change original wiring, reduce to a certain extent the lengthy and jumbled degree of circuit, strengthen the reliability of system, indirectly improved system effectiveness, reduced system cost; The ammeter increasing can accurate measurement energy output.
Grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system has further improvement on the basis of former scheme, and this system adopts distributed power generation, and every photovoltaic panel connects a micro-inverter, has improved capacity usage ratio; Micro-inverter adopts interleaving inverse excitation type structure, do not need to change circuit and can work in grid-connected and two kinds of patterns of charging, and user can initiatively select grid-connected preferential or charging is preferential according to demand.When micro-inverter is operated in grid-connected pattern, the output of each piece photovoltaic panel (20～40V) is converted to the electrical network sinusoidal ac of standard through micro-inverter, be delivered to electrical network after parallel connection; When micro-inverter is operated in charge mode, micro-inverter is output as the required direct current of load, and its output connects batteries and DC load, and the charging of accumulators group is powered to DC load simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system construction drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the single micro-inverter structure figure of the present invention;
The voltage oscillogram of micro-inverter input/output terminal when Fig. 3 is the grid-connected and charge operation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is control method flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is running status switching figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, system construction drawing of the present invention, comprises photovoltaic micro-inverter module 101, control cabinet 102, AC-DC module 103, batteries 104 and DC load 105;
Photovoltaic micro-inverter module 101 adopts distributed frame, at least comprises 2 micro-inverters and at least 2 photovoltaic battery panels, and each micro-inverter is connected with a photovoltaic battery panel, in parallel between micro-inverter;
Described control cabinet 102 comprises PLC control logic module and ammeter, and the input of described ammeter is connected with the output of micro-inverter, and the output of described ammeter accesses 220V electric main through switch QA1,
Between described AC-DC module and described 220V electric main, be serially connected with switch QA3, the output of described AC-DC module is connected with described batteries, and described batteries is connected to DC load;
AC-DC module 103 starts in the time of switch QA1 and QA3 closure, be converted to direct current for the alternating current that system is produced, for battery charging, and provide constant dc to DC load, when system works is in grid-connected pattern, provide constant dc by AC-DC module to DC load and storage battery by electrical network;
The output of described ammeter is connected with batteries through switch QA2;
Closed and the disconnection of described PLC control logic module controls switch QA1, QA2 and QA3.
Described base station is grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system works in the time being incorporated into the power networks pattern, switch QA1 and switch QA3 closure, switch QA2 disconnects, micro-inverter output AC electricity is grid-connected; AC-DC module (103) starts in the time of switch QA1 and QA3 closure, for civil power alternating current is converted to direct current, is battery charging, and provides constant dc to DC load;
Described base station is grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system works in the time of charge operation pattern, switch QA2 closure, switch QA1 and switch QA3 disconnect, the direct current of micro-inverter output is to DC load or storage battery power supply.
Batteries 104 stores the direct current energy that inversion system produces;
The direct current providing from inversion system and batteries is provided DC load 105.
Fig. 2 be single base station grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter topology, comprise DC bus capacitor C pV201, circuit of reversed excitation 202, H bridge commutating circuit 203, output filter circuit 204;
DC bus capacitor C pVin parallel with photovoltaic cell, for stablizing photovoltaic cell voltage;
Circuit of reversed excitation comprises the first transformer T1 and the second transformer T2, power MOSFET tube Q 1, Q 2, Power Diode Pumped D 1and D 2and with the capacitor C of transformers connected in parallel 1and C 2follow the tracks of for output current wave control and the maximum power of photovoltaic cell point of realizing grid-connected micro-inverter;
H bridge commutating circuit comprises thyristor S p1, S n1with MOSFET pipe S p2, S n2, thyristor S p1with MOSFET pipe S p2form forward change of current brachium pontis, thyristor S n1with MOSFET pipe S n2form negative sense change of current brachium pontis, two output thyristor S of H bridge commutating circuit p1negative pole and MOSFET pipe S n2the D utmost point join through output filter circuit and electrical network;
Output filter circuit, comprises filter capacitor C gwith filter inductance L g, filter capacitor C gbe connected to thyristor S p1negative pole and S n1negative pole between, L ga termination S p1negative pole, L gthe other end and S n1negative pole be linked into electrical network two ends;
Electrical network G gridfor civil power 220V.
The voltage oscillogram of micro-inverter input/output terminal when Fig. 3 is the grid-connected and charge operation of the present invention, while being incorporated into the power networks, micro-inverter carries out DC-AC conversion, and it is input as direct current, and output voltage be sine wave, and inverter circuit is just being organized switching tube S p1, S p2when work, voltage is for just; Anti-group switching tube S n1, S n2when work, voltage is for negative.When grid power blackout, work in charge operation pattern, carry out DC-DC conversion, input and output are steady state value, and now inverter circuit only has and just organizes switching tube S p1, S p2work.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of control method of the present invention, controls step as follows:
Step 1: detection of grid voltage and battery tension;
Step 2: according to the operational mode priority level of user's request initialization system, if be set as grid-connected preferentially, enter step 3; Otherwise enter step 4;
Step 3: the line voltage obtaining according to step 1 judges that whether network operation is normal:
If network operation is normal, enter the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, PLC control logic module controls switch QA1 closure, QA3 closure, switch QA2 disconnects, and micro-inverter carries out DC-AC conversion; If network operation is undesired, enter step 4;
Step 4: judge that whether battery tension is 0, if battery tension is not 0, enters battery charger operation mode, PLC control logic module controls switch QA1, QA3 disconnect, switch QA2 closure, and micro-inverter carries out DC-DC conversion, if battery tension is 0, return to step 1.
Fig. 5 be the base station of an example of the present invention grid-connected-the running status switching figure of charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system.As shown in Figure 5, be incorporated into the power networks, charge operation and shut down and have the relation of conversion mutually between three.When condition is grid-connected preferential, and electrical network is while existing, is switched to by stopped status the state of being incorporated into the power networks; Preferential for charging when condition, and storage battery is while existing, and stopped status is switched to charge operation state.When satisfy condition electrical network disconnection or isolated island, storage battery exist, the state of being incorporated into the power networks switches to charge operation state; Otherwise when the storage battery that satisfies condition is full of, electrical network exists, charge operation state switches to the state of being incorporated into the power networks.Disconnect at electrical network, in the non-existent situation of storage battery, be incorporated into the power networks and stop; Disconnect or be full of at storage battery, in the non-existent situation of electrical network, charge operation stops.

Claims (7)

  1. Base station grid-connected-a charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system, it is characterized in that, comprise photovoltaic micro-inverter module (101), control cabinet (102), AC-DC module (103), batteries (104) and DC load (105);
    Photovoltaic micro-inverter module (101) at least comprises 2 micro-inverters and at least 2 photovoltaic battery panels, and each micro-inverter is connected with a photovoltaic battery panel, in parallel between micro-inverter;
    Described control cabinet 102 comprises PLC control logic module and ammeter, and the input of described ammeter is connected with the output of micro-inverter, and the output of described ammeter is through switch QA1 access 220V electric main;
    Between described AC-DC module and described 220V electric main, be serially connected with switch QA3, the output of described AC-DC module is connected with described batteries, and described batteries is connected to DC load;
    The output of described ammeter is connected with batteries through switch QA2;
    Closed and the disconnection of described PLC control logic module controls switch QA1, QA2 and QA3;
    Described base station is grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system works in the time being incorporated into the power networks pattern, switch QA1 and switch QA3 closure, switch QA2 disconnects, micro-inverter output AC electricity is grid-connected; AC-DC module (103) starts in the time of switch QA1 and QA3 closure, for civil power alternating current is converted to direct current, is battery charging, and provides constant dc to DC load;
    Described base station is grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system works in the time of charge operation pattern, switch QA2 closure, switch QA1 and switch QA3 disconnect, the direct current of micro-inverter output is to DC load or storage battery power supply.
  2. Base station according to claim 1 grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system, it is characterized in that, described micro-inverter comprises DC bus capacitor C pV(201), circuit of reversed excitation (202), H bridge commutating circuit (203) and output filter circuit (204);
    DC bus capacitor C pVin parallel with photovoltaic cell, for stablizing photovoltaic cell voltage;
    Circuit of reversed excitation (202) comprises the first transformer T1, the second transformer T2, power MOSFET tube Q 1, Q 2, Power Diode Pumped D 1and D 2and capacitor C 1, C 2;
    Power MOSFET tube Q 1and Q 2the S utmost point be connected with the negative pole of photovoltaic battery panel, the D utmost point is connected with the one end on the former limit of the second transformer with the first transformer respectively, the first transformer is connected with the other end on the former limit of the second transformer and the positive pole of photovoltaic battery panel; Secondary one end of the first transformer and the second transformer respectively with Power Diode Pumped D 1and D 2positive pole be connected, capacitor C 1, C 2be parallel to respectively Power Diode Pumped D 1and D 2negative pole and the first transformer and the other end of the second transformer between;
    H bridge commutating circuit comprises thyristor S p1, S n1with MOSFET pipe S p2, S n2, thyristor S p1with MOSFET pipe S p2form forward change of current brachium pontis, thyristor S n1with MOSFET pipe S n2form negative sense change of current brachium pontis, two outputs of H bridge commutating circuit, i.e. thyristor S p1negative pole and MOSFET pipe S n2the D utmost point, joins through output filter circuit and electrical network;
    Output filter circuit, comprises filter capacitor C gwith filter inductance L g, filter capacitor C gbe connected to thyristor S p1negative pole and S n1negative pole between, L ga termination S p1negative pole, L gthe other end and S n1negative pole be linked into electrical network two ends;
    Electrical network G gridfor civil power 220V.
  3. Base station according to claim 1 grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system, it is characterized in that, described switch QA2 is D.C. contactor switch, described switch QA1 and QA3 are A.C. contactor switch.
  4. A base station grid-connected-control method of charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system, it is characterized in that, adopt base station described in claim 1-3 any one grid-connected-charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system, according to user's request, utilize the break-make of PLC control logic module controls switch QA1, QA2 and QA3, from the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks or charge operation pattern, select mode of operation;
    Be incorporated into the power networks under pattern, PLC control logic module controls switch QA1, QA3 closure, switch QA2 disconnects, and micro-inverter output AC electricity is grid-connected, and electrical network, by the charging of AC-DC module accumulators group, is DC load power supply simultaneously;
    Under charge operation pattern, PLC control logic module controls switch QA1, QA3 disconnect, switch QA2 closure, and the direct current of micro-inverter output is to DC load or storage battery power supply.
  5. Base station according to claim 4 grid-connected-control method of charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system, it is characterized in that, control procedure comprises the following steps:
    Step 1: detection of grid voltage and battery tension;
    Step 2: according to the operational mode priority level of user's request initialization system, if be set as grid-connected preferentially, enter step 3; Otherwise enter step 4;
    Step 3: the line voltage obtaining according to step 1 judges that whether network operation is normal:
    If network operation is normal, enter the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, PLC control logic module controls switch QA1 closure, QA3 closure, switch QA2 disconnects, and micro-inverter carries out DC-AC conversion; If network operation is undesired, enter step 4;
    Step 4: judge that whether battery tension is 0, if battery tension is not 0, enters battery charger operation mode, PLC control logic module controls switch QA1, QA3 disconnect, switch QA2 closure, and micro-inverter carries out DC-DC conversion, if battery tension is 0, return to step 1.
  6. Base station according to claim 5 grid-connected-control method of charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system; it is characterized in that; described base station is grid-connected-and charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system works is in charge operation pattern lower time; when the direct voltage of micro-inverter output is during at normal range (NR) 40.8V-54V; PLC control logic module controls switch QA2 closure; in the time that the direct voltage of micro-inverter output exceeds normal range (NR) 40.8V-54V; PLC control logic module controls switch QA2 disconnects, protection DC load and batteries.
  7. Base station according to claim 5 grid-connected-control method of charging photovoltaic micro-inverter system, it is characterized in that, adopt isolated island to detect and judge that whether network operation is normal, if line voltage amplitude fluctuations is in-10%～+ 5%, frequency fluctuation is between-0.2Hz～+ 0.2Hz, isolated island testing result is that electrical network is normal, otherwise is that electrical network is undesired.
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CN106786566A (en) * 2017-03-01 2017-05-31 安徽工程大学 Photovoltaic plant power supply dispatching system and method
CN107069825A (en) * 2017-05-25 2017-08-18 河南迎基太阳能科技有限公司 Distributed intelligence photovoltaic energy storage system
CN107093912A (en) * 2017-05-25 2017-08-25 河南迎基太阳能科技有限公司 Family photovoltaic high-efficiency energy-storage power supply unit
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CN110014985A (en) * 2019-03-25 2019-07-16 武汉天富海科技发展有限公司 A kind of mixing intelligent charging system for electric car
CN110061556A (en) * 2018-01-18 2019-07-26 索尔特克可再生能源有限公司 The photovoltaic system with auxiliary charging module for producing electricl energy
CN110691448A (en) * 2019-09-16 2020-01-14 中山市美昇电子科技有限公司 Solar energy frequency conversion fan lamp control system
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