CN103888554A - IPv4 and IPv6 compatible domain name resolution method and system - Google Patents
IPv4 and IPv6 compatible domain name resolution method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an IPv4 and IPv6 compatible domain name resolution method. The IPv4 and IPv6 compatible domain name resolution method includes the following steps: receiving a query message sent by a DNS server of a source host, sending the query message to a DNS server of a destination host, receiving a response message returned by the DNS server of the destination host after domain name resolutions are successfully carried out on the query message or an error message returned by the DNS server of the destination host after the domain name resolutions are failed, and if the error message is received, conducting format modification on resource record types of the query message according to networking protocols, and sending the resource record types after the format modification to the DNS server of the destination host. The networking protocols include the IPv4 protocol and the IPv6 protocol. The invention further provides a corresponding system, and the network communication efficiency can be remarkably improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Internet technical field, particularly relate to the domain name analytic method of a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 intercommunication, and a kind of IPv4(Internet Protocol4, Internet protocol the 4th edition) with IPv6(Internet Protocol6, Internet protocol sixth version) domain name analysis system of intercommunication.
Background technology
At present, in data network, take as the leading factor with IPv4 technology, along with the expansion of network size, IPv6 technology will replace current IPv4 technology gradually with advantages such as its huge address spaces.But this replacement thoroughly, needs long-term process.This for a long time by IPv4 in the process of IPv6 evolution, for shared network resource, must solve the problem of IPv4 network and IPv6 network interworking.For this reason, IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force, Internet Engineering task groups) a series of transitional technologies have been proposed, wherein just comprise NAT-PT(network address translation-protocol translation, the network address translater of subsidiary protocol converter) technology, it is SIIT(stateless IP/ICMP translation, stateless IP/ICMP translation technology) dynamic address translation technology (NAT in protocol conversion technology and IPv4 network, Network Address Translation) a kind of technology of combining, be positioned at the intersection of IPv6 and IPv4 network, can realize the intercommunication between pure IPv6 main frame and pure IPv4 main frame.
With DNS-ALG(Domain Name System-Application Level Gateway, the ALG of domain name system) in the process of NAT-PT agreement operation, playing the part of important role for the domain name mapping module of core, its basic role is monitor DNS inquiry and the response of the network of coming in and going out and it is modified at network edge, is the address that the other end distributes thereby one end of guarantee communication can obtain gateway.In actual use, it is not only the prerequisite that ensures the two-way communication of NAT-PT gateway, and is the important guarantee that NAT-PT possesses practicality.
At transition net environment, node in IPv6 network is if connect with IPv4 network node or IPv4 network node will connect with IPv6 node conversely, all need first to inquire about and obtain the other side IP address by DNS, then convert through DNS-ALG the form that node is understood to.
In conventional art, receiving that after the DNS inquiry that IPv4 node sends,, because website corresponding to uncertain this domain name is IPv4 website or IPv6 website, DNS-ALG can carry out on the basis of address transition it, sends two dissimilar query messages.If the node being queried is dual stack node, can also can pass through IPv6 protocol access by IPv4 protocol access, return to response message and can record the former IPv4 address of node and the IPv4 address that translate through NAT-PT gateway former IPv6 address simultaneously.A namely request, obtains two replies.Although, can find the dual stack node of request access by these two addresses, if select the IPv4 address of IPv6 after gateway translation, just mean that every data transfer arrives dual stack node, all will carry out primary address translation.And select the IPv4 address of dual stack node just not have this problem.The result of this selection make two originally can direct communication under same protocol environment node have to communicate by NAT-PT gateway, result has not only reduced communication efficiency, has also wasted the precious resources of NAT-PT gateway.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, the invention provides domain name analytic method and the system of a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 intercommunication, can significantly improve network service efficiency.
A domain name analytic method for IPv4 and IPv6 intercommunication, comprises the steps:
The query message that the dns server of reception sources main frame sends, sends to described query message the dns server of destination host;
The dns server that receives described destination host carries out the error message of returning after the response message that returns after domain name mapping success or domain name mapping failure according to described query message;
If receive described error message, the resource record types of described query message is carried out sending to after form modifying the dns server of described destination host according to procotol, wherein, described procotol comprises IPv4 agreement and IPv6 agreement.
A domain name analysis system for IPv4 and IPv6 intercommunication, NAT-PT gateway comprises DNS-ALG, described DNS-ALG comprises:
Sending module, the query message of sending for the dns server of reception sources main frame, sends to described query message the dns server of destination host;
Receiver module, carries out the error message of returning after the response message that returns after domain name mapping success or domain name mapping failure according to described query message for the dns server that receives described destination host;
Modified module, if for receiving described error message, the dns server that resource record types of described query message is carried out sending to after form modifying described destination host according to procotol, wherein, described procotol comprises IPv4 agreement and IPv6 agreement.
The domain name analytic method of above-mentioned IP v4 and IPv6 intercommunication and system, the address choice problem that the destination host that can avoid being queried in conventional art occurs while being two stack main frame; For this problem, in conventional art, be that after the conversion of two kinds of different record types, message sends simultaneously, the present invention's sending on opportunity of message after conversion adjusted, to reach the object of preferentially obtaining proper address.DNS-ALG receives the dns server of issuing destination host after query message, if dual stack node can return one with the IP address of source host procotol same format, this IP address is not the IP address after gateway translation, after source host can with the direct communication of two stack main frame, significantly improved communication efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet in one embodiment of domain name analytic method of IPv4 of the present invention and IPv6 intercommunication.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation in one embodiment of domain name analysis system of IPv4 of the present invention and IPv6 intercommunication.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, be the domain name analytic method of IPv4 of the present invention and the IPv6 intercommunication schematic flow sheet in a preferred embodiment, comprise the steps:
The query message that the dns server of S11, DNS-ALG reception sources main frame sends, sends to described query message the dns server of destination host;
At transition net environment, node in IPv6 network is if connect with IPv4 network node or IPv4 network node will connect with IPv6 node conversely, all need first to inquire about and obtain the other side IP address by DNS, then convert through DNS-ALG the form that node is understood to;
When certain node, while being certain domain name of source host access, if this source host inquiry, less than the mapping relations of the domain name having recorded and IP address, need be sent inquiry request to NAT-PT gateway by its dns server, this request sends to the DNS-ALG in NAT-PT gateway with message form.
S12, DNS-ALG receive the response message that the dns server of described destination host returns; The dns server that described response message comprises described destination host carries out the response message of returning after domain name mapping success according to described query message, or the error message unsuccessfully returned of domain name mapping;
In the present embodiment, when DNS-ALG receives this query message, because the address corresponding with looked into domain name is that IPv4 address or IPv6 address are still uncertain; Therefore, DNS-ALG sends to query message the dns server of destination host;
Destination host can carry out domain name mapping according to described query message; In the present embodiment, the main frame on network has three kinds of situations: IPv4 main frame, IPv6 main frame and two stack main frame; Dual stack node both can also can pass through IPv6 protocol access by IPv4 protocol access; Inquire about because the dns server of source host need to be submitted to DNS-ALG, there are two kinds of situations in destination host, different from the procotol of source host, or two stack main frame;
If two stack main frames, DNS-ALG sends to described query message after the dns server of destination host, can receive destination host and carry out the response message returning after domain name mapping success according to described query message;
Concrete, in described query message, comprise described source host domain name to be checked; Described response message comprises the IP address of domain name.
If S13, DNS-ALG receive described error message, the resource record types of described query message is carried out sending to after form modifying the dns server of described destination host according to procotol, wherein, described procotol comprises IPv4 agreement and IPv6 agreement;
If different from the procotol of source host, DNS-ALG sends to described query message after the dns server of destination host, and the dns server of destination host there will be domain name mapping failure, returns to error message;
If DNS-ALG receives described error message, can know that destination host is different from the procotol of source host, the resource record types of described query message can be carried out to form modifying according to procotol, be modified as the supported form of dns server of destination host, the dns server of destination host receives rear domain name mapping success, can return to correct response message.
In a preferred embodiment, before described query message being sent to the step of dns server of destination host, also comprise that the procotol that described query message is supported according to the dns server of destination host carries out the step of address transition; When DNS-ALG forwarding inquiries message, need carry out address transition to query message, to can accurately send to the dns server of destination host.
The address transition here, refers to that when address format when source host and destination host is different, address transition is done at place at Interworking gateway.If IPv4 main frame is by gateway access IPv6 main frame, former IPv4 address format need to be converted to IPv6 address format at gateway, could be identified by the dns server of IPv6 main frame place network.Object IPv6 main frame receives after request message, returns to a response message, sends to gateway, and gateway is converted to IPv4 form by the source address in response message and destination address again, sends to requesting host.
In a preferred embodiment, because IPv4 agreement is different from the address format of IPv6 agreement, need to revise query message, the described step that the resource record types of described query message is carried out to form modifying according to procotol comprises:
If the resource record types of described query message is A, according to described IPv6 agreement, be AAAA by the resource record types of described query message;
If the resource record types of described query message is AAAA, according to described IPv4 agreement, be A by the resource record types of described query message.
The address choice problem that the destination host that the present embodiment can be avoided being queried in conventional art occurs while being two stack main frame; While communication with dual stack node for DNS-ALG, there is address choice problem, in conventional art, be that after the conversion of two kinds of different record types, message sends simultaneously, this the present embodiment sending on opportunity of message after conversion adjusted, to reach the object of preferentially obtaining proper address.DNS-ALG receives the dns server of issuing destination host after query message, if dual stack node can return one with the IP address of source host procotol same format, this IP address is not the IP address after gateway translation, after source host can with the direct communication of two stack main frame, significantly improved communication efficiency.
For example, when IPv6 main frame sends query message, when DNS AAAA query message is passed through NAT-PT gateway, DNS-ALG will be forwarded to the dns server in gateway opposite side network behind this query message reference address, and DNS-ALG wouldn't generate the query message of A record type.If dns server does not understand AAAA inquiry or there is no the AAAA record of interdependent node, just return to an error message.If the DNS-ALG of gateway receives this error message, send again an inquiry of the A about this node.If an IPv4 address has been returned in this inquiry, return to according to this response message that generates AAAA record by DNS-ALG, be then transmitted to corresponding IPv6 main frame.
When IPv4 main frame sends query message, when DNS A query message is passed through NAT-PT gateway, DNS-ALG will be forwarded to the dns server in gateway opposite side network behind this query message reference address, and DNS-ALG wouldn't generate the query message of AAAA record type.If dns server does not understand A inquiry or there is no the A record of interdependent node, also return to an error message.When the DNS-ALG of gateway receives this error message, send again an inquiry of the AAAA about this node.If an IPv6 address has been returned in this inquiry, return to according to this response message that generates A record by DNS-ALG, be then transmitted to corresponding IPv4 main frame.
Can know by above two examples, the DNS response that NAT-PT gateway successfully returns to first is transmitted to end host, if unsuccessful words are returned to mistake; Thereby node is had to a suitable return address, can obviously improve like this efficiency of domain name mapping.
Wherein, in order to improve the efficiency of domain name mapping module, in the time of site configuration, DNS-ALG can carry out according to the concrete service condition of IPv6 website in NAT-PT gateway the acquiescence dns server setting of node.If website internal node is taking access IPv6 network as main, just need once in a while to access IPv4 network, in the time that node dns server address is set, local IPv6DNS server is made as to primary dns server, this dns server uses the root dns server that can access by IPv6; Prefix_ipv4_dns is made as to auxiliary dns server, and like this, most DNS query message is able to propagate in IPv6 environment and needn't passes through NAT-PT gateway again at ordinary times.In the time that domain name mapping cannot obtain IPv6 address corresponding to domain name, enable auxiliary dns server and inquire about to IPv4DNS server by NAT-PT gateway.When website internal node taking the node in access IPv4 network when main, exchange the address of major-minor dns server, can reach the object that improves search efficiency.
Next by an embodiment, the present invention is described again, in the present embodiment, source host is IPv4 main frame, and destination host is IPv6 main frame;
IPv4 main frame sends DNS inquiry, the address of the IPv6 main frame that inquiry domain name is www.A.com, and because source host uses IPv4 agreement, thereby in this DNS inquiry, the type of domain name is A (record type of corresponding IPv6 agreement is AAAA).
The dns server of IPv4 checks own record after receiving DNS request, if this record not, IPv4DNS will forward this DNS and ask.
The DNS-ALG of NAT-PT gateway receives this DNS inquiry request, because the address corresponding with looked into domain name is that IPv4 address or IPv6 address are still uncertain, therefore DNS-ALG just directly sends the dns server to destination host former query message only being made to address transition.
The dns server of destination host receives query message, and because the resource record types of this query message is A, dns server domain name mapping failure, returns to error message;
DNS-ALG receives error message, and the resource record types of query message is revised as to AAAA from A, again forwards to IPv6DNS.
IPv6DNS searches oneself record after receiving this inquiry, obtains the IPv6 address 1::3 that domain name www.a.com is corresponding.Then the answer field of this address being inserted to DNS response message, now the type of DNS response message is AAAA.Then reply to DNS-ALG.
DNS-ALG receives after response message, and DNS response part is wherein modified, and " AAAA " class is changed into " A " class and reply.
NAT-PT gateway distributes an address 1.4.2.6 from IPv4 address pool, replaces the IPv6 address 1::3 in replying, and records the map information between the two.
IPv4 main frame, after receiving that this DNS replys, has just known that the IPv4 address of main frame www.a.com is 1.4.2.6.So far, DNS-ALG end-of-job.
IPv4 main frame sends message, SRC=1.2.2.9, DST=1.4.2.6 to NAT-PT gateway.
IPv4 message is routed to NAT-PT gateway, due to the map information having recorded in NAT-PT between IPv4 address 1.4.2.6 and IPv6 address 1::3, just address is replaced with to 1::3.Use in addition the prefix of gateway definition to modify to source address, form IPv6 address and be: Prefix::1.2.2.9, and the IPv6 main frame that to E-Packet to address be 1::3.
As shown in Figure 2, the present invention also provides corresponding Pv4 and the domain name analysis system of IPv6 intercommunication, and NAT-PT gateway comprises DNS-ALG, and described DNS-ALG comprises:
Sending module 21, the query message of sending for the dns server of reception sources main frame, sends to described query message the dns server of destination host;
At transition net environment, node in IPv6 network is if connect with IPv4 network node or IPv4 network node will connect with IPv6 node conversely, all need first to inquire about and obtain the other side IP address by DNS, then convert through DNS-ALG the form that node is understood to;
When certain node, while being certain domain name of source host access, if this source host inquiry, less than the mapping relations of the domain name having recorded and IP address, need be sent inquiry request to NAT-PT gateway by its dns server, this request sends to the DNS-ALG in NAT-PT gateway with message form.
In the present embodiment, when DNS-ALG receives this query message, because the address corresponding with looked into domain name is that IPv4 address or IPv6 address are still uncertain; Therefore, DNS-ALG sends to query message the dns server of destination host;
Destination host can carry out domain name mapping according to described query message; In the present embodiment, the main frame on network has three kinds of situations: IPv4 main frame, IPv6 main frame and two stack main frame; Dual stack node both can also can pass through IPv6 protocol access by IPv4 protocol access; Inquire about because the dns server of source host need to be submitted to DNS-ALG, there are two kinds of situations in destination host, different from the procotol of source host, or two stack main frame;
If two stack main frames, DNS-ALG sends to described query message after the dns server of destination host, can receive destination host and carry out the response message returning after domain name mapping success according to described query message;
Concrete, in described query message, comprise described source host domain name to be checked; Described response message comprises the IP address of domain name.
If different from the procotol of source host, DNS-ALG sends to described query message after the dns server of destination host, and the dns server of destination host there will be domain name mapping failure, returns to error message;
If DNS-ALG receives described error message, can know that destination host is different from the procotol of source host, the resource record types of described query message can be carried out to form modifying according to procotol, be modified as the supported form of dns server of destination host, the dns server of destination host receives rear domain name mapping success, can return to correct response message.
In a preferred embodiment, also can comprise modular converter, carry out address transition for the procotol that described query message is supported according to the dns server of destination host; When DNS-ALG forwarding inquiries message, need carry out address transition to query message, to can accurately send to the dns server of destination host.
In a preferred embodiment, because IPv4 agreement is different from the address format of IPv6 agreement, need to revise query message, described modified module also for: if the resource record types of described query message is A,, according to described IPv6 agreement, the resource record types of described query message is revised as to AAAA; If the resource record types of described query message is AAAA,, according to described IPv4 agreement, the resource record types of described query message is revised as to A.
The domain name analytic method of IPv4 of the present invention and IPv6 intercommunication and system, the address choice problem that the destination host that can avoid being queried in conventional art occurs while being two stack main frame; For this problem, in conventional art, be that after the conversion of two kinds of different record types, message sends simultaneously, this present invention sending on opportunity of message after conversion adjusted, to reach the object of preferentially obtaining proper address.DNS-ALG receives the dns server of issuing destination host after query message, if dual stack node can return one with the IP address of source host procotol same format, this IP address is not the IP address after gateway translation, after source host can with the direct communication of two stack main frame, significantly improved communication efficiency.
The above embodiment has only expressed several execution mode of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection range of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (8)
1. a domain name analytic method for IPv4 and IPv6 intercommunication, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The query message that the dns server of reception sources main frame sends, sends to described query message the dns server of destination host;
The dns server that receives described destination host carries out the error message of returning after the response message that returns after domain name mapping success or domain name mapping failure according to described query message;
If receive described error message, the resource record types of described query message is carried out sending to after form modifying the dns server of described destination host according to procotol, wherein, described procotol comprises IPv4 agreement and IPv6 agreement.
2. the domain name analytic method of IPv4 according to claim 1 and IPv6 intercommunication, it is characterized in that, before described query message being sent to the step of dns server of destination host, also comprise that the procotol that described query message is supported according to the dns server of destination host carries out the step of address transition.
3. the domain name analytic method of IPv4 according to claim 1 and IPv6 intercommunication, is characterized in that, the described step that the resource record types of described query message is carried out to form modifying according to procotol comprises:
If the resource record types of described query message is A,, according to described IPv6 agreement, the resource record types of described query message is revised as to AAAA;
If the resource record types of described query message is AAAA,, according to described IPv4 agreement, the resource record types of described query message is revised as to A.
4. according to the domain name analytic method of the IPv4 described in claims 1 to 3 any one and IPv6 intercommunication, it is characterized in that, in described query message, comprise described source host domain name to be checked; Described response message comprises the IP address of domain name.
5. a domain name analysis system for IPv4 and IPv6 intercommunication, NAT-PT gateway comprises DNS-ALG, it is characterized in that, described DNS-ALG comprises:
Sending module, the query message of sending for the dns server of reception sources main frame, sends to described query message the dns server of destination host;
Receiver module, carries out the error message of returning after the response message that returns after domain name mapping success or domain name mapping failure according to described query message for the dns server that receives described destination host;
Modified module, if for receiving described error message, the dns server that resource record types of described query message is carried out sending to after form modifying described destination host according to procotol, wherein, described procotol comprises IPv4 agreement and IPv6 agreement.
6. the domain name analysis system of IPv4 according to claim 5 and IPv6 intercommunication, is characterized in that, also comprises modular converter, carries out address transition for the procotol that described query message is supported according to the dns server of destination host.
7. the domain name analysis system of IPv4 according to claim 5 and IPv6 intercommunication, it is characterized in that, described modified module also for: if the resource record types of described query message is A,, according to described IPv6 agreement, the resource record types of described query message is revised as to AAAA; If the resource record types of described query message is AAAA,, according to described IPv4 agreement, the resource record types of described query message is revised as to A.
8. according to the domain name analysis system of the IPv4 described in claim 5 to 7 any one and IPv6 intercommunication, it is characterized in that, in described query message, comprise described source host domain name to be checked; Described response message comprises the IP address of domain name.
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| CN109981595A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-07-05 | 网宿科技股份有限公司 | A kind of resource acquiring method, resource return method and server, storage medium |
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| CN103888554B (en) | 2017-12-01 |
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