CN103853689A - Device and method of automatic switchover of USB (Universal Serial Bus) and four-line serial port UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) - Google Patents
Device and method of automatic switchover of USB (Universal Serial Bus) and four-line serial port UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method of automatic switchover of a USB (Universal Serial Bus) and a four-line serial port UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter). The device comprises a USB connector, a USB interface chip, a buffer chip, a microcontroller and a power supply. The USB interface chip and the buffer chip are synchronously connected to the USB connector and the microcontroller; the power supply is connected to the USB connector through a diode. When the device defaults to a USB communication manner, if the device needs to be communicated with the other four-line serial port UART device, the microcontroller controls the buffer chip to switch an output path to change to a four-line serial port UART manner. After completing the communication, the USB communication manner is switched. The USB and the four-line serial port UART can share one connector while the power supply is output. The USB connector and a wire rod are popular in markets, good in compatibility and convenient to use. According to the device and the method, the automatic switchover is implemented, the device is pluggable, and requirements for operators are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one for USB and 4 line serial ports UART automatic switching control equipment and methods, belong to portable electric appts technical field.
Background technology
Various types of mancarried electronic aids emerge in an endless stream, and what be greatly convenient for people to carries, and field adjustable.Example safe deposit box hander etc.Safe deposit box hander can read the record of safe deposit box, sets safe deposit box, and emergent unlocking, at this moment needs 4 line serial ports UART communications.But hander processing power is limited, need on other equipment such as computer, read the record on hand-held machine, this just needs USB communication.
USB is English Universal Serial Bus(USB (universal serial bus)) abbreviation, be an external bus standard, for being connected and communication of specification computer and external unit.It is the interfacing that is applied in USB device field.The plug and play of USB interface support equipment and warm connection function.Common USB device has computer, panel computer, smart mobile phone etc.USB will combine proposition in the end of the year 1994 by Intel, Compaq, IBM, Microsoft Deng Duo company.
UART(Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter), so-called UART, is a kind of asynchronous receiving-transmitting transmitter, for asynchronous communication.This bus two-way communication, can realize full duplex transmission and reception.In embedded design, UART is used for main frame and communicates by letter with utility appliance, as communicating by letter between automobile audio and external power amplifier.4 common line serial ports UART communication apparatus have out safe deposit box hander, safe deposit box etc.UART refers to the serial ports of Transistor-Transistor Logic level here.
USB communication signal standard is differential signal transmission, and the signal subtraction of two signal wires passes a signal; Serial ports UART communication is serial signal, and a line root is received, and single line is sent out.Two kinds of communication modes significant differences.Compare serial ports UART communication, USB communication speed is fast, is apparatus such as computer standard peripherals, and wire rod is easily bought, compatible strong.Serial ports UART communication is used for industrial control equipment, is microprocessor standard peripherals, and cost is low.
Conventionally serial ports UART communication is used 3 lines just much of that, is respectively 2 wire size lines and ground wire.But use the equipment of battery class to need 4 lines, many power leads for safe deposit box etc.Because such device battery exhausts, cannot open the door, need hander to meet an urgent need and open the door, provide power supply to them.Therefore this power lead has electricity to exist always.When USB communication, on agreement regulation power lead, must there is power supply; During with other 4 line serial equipment communications, hander can provide power supply to go out.
As shown in Figure 1, the solution of existing 4 line serial port devices is with the communication respectively of two interfaces, needs two kinds of connector wire rods, and more loaded down with trivial details, cost is also higher.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of existing USB and 4 line serial ports UART changing methods, fundamental purpose of the present invention is that the existing USB of solution and 4 line serial ports UART switch inconvenient problem.A kind of USB and 4 line serial ports UART automatic switching control equipment and methods are provided, utilize passage to switch chip and switch outgoing route, switch chip by enabling/do not enable passage, can allow signal switch chip output or export from USB interface chip from passage, reach the effect of automatic switchover, thereby raising operation ease, again can be compatible good, and wire rod can be bought everywhere.Can also supplying power for outside with timer.
the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is:
Some equipment needs and USB device communication now, also needs and 4 line serial ports UART device talks, goes respectively communication but fill two interfaces on equipment, more loaded down with trivial details.
How only with a connector, can be respectively and USB device/4 line serial ports UART device talk, can automatically switch into again corresponding communications protocol, also want supplying power for outside simultaneously, be a difficult point.
Seek a kind of simple to operately, the USB/4 line serial ports UART changing method that connector is compatible good, the problem to be solved such as is.
in order to achieve the above object, design of the present invention is:
1. physical interface adopts single interface, and the interface standard of compatible USB and 4 line serial ports UART, both can connect usb signal, also can connect 4 line data signals of serial.The power lead of installation's power source and interface is connected simultaneously.
2. 2 passages in parallel after physical interface, passage 1 is realized the bi-directional conversion between usb signal and 4 line rs 232 serial interface signals, and passage 2 provides the through path of 4 line serial ports UART signals;
3. in the through path of 4 line serial ports UART signals, need a gate-controlled switch;
4. the other end parallel join of 2 passages, to microcontroller, is realized 4 line serial ports UART signal communication between microcontroller and 2 passages;
5. microcontroller is by software control gate-controlled switch chip, thereby realizes the switching gating of 2 passages, gating passage 1 while ensureing microprocessor and external USB devices communicating, gating passage 2. during with outside 4 line serial ports UART devices communicating
according to above-mentioned design, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of USB/4 line serial ports UART automatic switching control equipment, comprises USB connector, USB interface chip, buffer chip, microcontroller and power supply.
Described USB interface chip, is connected with USB connector, is connected with microcontroller; Described buffer chip, is connected with described USB connector, is also connected with microcontroller, and positive source is connected with the power lead of USB connector by diode.Positive source is connected with the power lead of USB connector by diode, and object is to prevent that, when with USB device communication, installation's power source and USB power supply clash; Buffer chip is connected with USB connector, is also connected with microcontroller.
A kind of USB and 4 line serial ports UART automatic switching methods, adopt above-mentioned USB and 4 line serial ports UART automatic switching control equipments to operate, and concrete steps are as follows:
1. give tacit consent to USB communication modes: 4 line serial ports UART signals are by USB interface chip and USB kind equipment both-way communication; When needs and 4 line serial ports kind equipment both-way communication, microcontroller enables buffer chip, opens 4 line serial ports UART signalling channels and the direct and two-way communication of 4 line serial ports UART equipment;
2. be defaulted as 4 line serial ports UART communication modes: microcontroller enables buffer chip, open and 4 line serial ports UART signalling channels of extraneous Direct Communication, and 4 line serial ports UART equipment both-way communications; During with USB device communication, microcontroller does not enable buffer chip, and buffer chip is output as high-impedance state, closes and 4 line serial ports UART signalling channels of extraneous Direct Communication, and 4 line serial ports UART signals are by USB interface chip and USB kind equipment both-way communication;
the present invention compares with 4 line serial ports UART commutation circuits with existing USB, has following apparent outstanding substantive distinguishing features and remarkable advantage:
1, the commutation circuit in the present invention only has a USB connector, can also supplying power for outside, and compatible good, to draw materials extensively, cost is low.
2, the present invention adopts switching device shifter to belong to automatic switchover, does not need artificial participation, easy and simple to handle, more humane.Adopt buffer chip cheaply, total cost (material cost adds production cost) is lower than originally.
comparison with other similar inventions:
1. CN201210172514 UART serial ports and USB interface common circuit and mobile phone
This invention depends on the switching of switch and selects signal path output, and its basis for estimation is Vbus
Level, thinks USB while having high level, so switch switches to USB path; Low level switches to serial ports.No matter the inapplicable 4 line serial ports of this way, be USB communication or serial communication, and the Vbus line of 4 line serial ports has high level always.
2. control circuit board and the communication data cable of the compatible rs 232 serial interface signal of CN200810175248 and usb signal
This invention depends on the switching of analog switch and selects signal path output, and mode is the same similar.Nothing
Method is done 4 line serial communications.Also being different from the present invention adopts impact damper to switch the mode that adds software protocol cooperation.
3. CN200610062349 has mobile memory method and the device of USB and the control of UART serial ports concurrently
This invention adopts the mode of manually stirring external switch to switch, and is not to automatically switch.
4. CN201310234219 USB and serial ports merge device and application system thereof
This invention adopts the mode of jumper cap short circuit to switch outgoing route, non-automatic switching.
5. mono-kind of CN201310030083 is for switching the device of USB interface and standard serial port
This invention adopts programmable logic device (PLD) to do path switching action, is judged as just directly output of USB communication
Usb signal, is judged as rs 232 serial interface signal, just directly exports rs 232 serial interface signal.Do complicated selector switch and two kinds of communication module kernels in programmable logic device (PLD) domestic demand.Judgment mode is still with detecting voltage on Vbus line.Being different from the present invention adopts impact damper to switch the mode that adds software protocol cooperation.
6. mono-kind of CN201110040396 is the method for serial communication interface by mobile terminal USB Interface Expanding
This invention still, by analog switch switching mode, still will judge Vbus voltage.Be not suitable for 4 line serial communications.Being different from the present invention adopts impact damper to switch the mode that adds software protocol cooperation.
7. CN200710191760 is used for connecting serial ports or universal serial bus architecture interface device
This invention has special communication modes identification module, takes toggle path with analog device.Be different from the present invention
Adopt impact damper to switch and add the mode that software protocol coordinates.
8. CN201110374579 USB key and the method for carrying out communication with terminal thereof
The pre-configured state of MCU for this invention, judges signal type by power level, and MCU possesses two
Plant communication port.Be different from the present invention and adopt impact damper to switch the mode that adds software protocol cooperation, only need a serial ports.Also do not provide power supply to the external world.
9. multiplexing televisor and the USB interface multiplexing method thereof of CN201210084555 USB interface
Analog switch switching mode is still passed through in this invention, and needs personnel to select operation with telepilot.Different
Adopting impact damper to switch in the present invention adds the mode that software protocol coordinates, automatically switches.
10. CN200720131060 identifies the device that connects serial ports or universal serial bus architecture interface automatically
This invention has signal identification module, and the switching channel built of discrete device.Being different from the present invention adopts
Impact damper switches the mode that software protocol coordinates that adds, and automatically switches.
In sum, due to the difference in field, cause the difference of relevant demand, only need 3 line serial ports at other field, its invention also concentrates on 3 line serial communications makes an issue of.The present invention is particularly useful for powered battery kind equipment, and it needs 4 line serial ports.
USB/4 line serial ports UART automatic switching method of the present invention, cost is low, easy to operate.
Brief description of the drawings
Remove with the power supply in figure below or electric battery being connected with USB connector of having drawn, return this and install other chip power supplies.
Fig. 1 is two connector USB of existing employing and 4 line serial ports UART switching device shifter block diagrams
Fig. 2 is device block diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the invention process block diagram
Fig. 4 is the invention process schematic diagram
When Fig. 5 is the embodiment of the present invention and USB device communication, signal moves towards schematic diagram
When Fig. 6 is the embodiment of the present invention and 4 line serial ports UART device talk, signal moves towards schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below, be also described in detail as follows by reference to the accompanying drawings by the preferred embodiments of the present invention:
Embodiment mono-:
Referring to Fig. 2, this USB and 4 line serial ports UART automatic switching control equipments, comprise connector (1), USB interface chip (2), buffer chip (3), microcontroller (4) and power supply (5), it is characterized in that: described USB interface chip (2) is connected with USB connector (1), be also connected with microcontroller (4), described power supply (5) is connected with the power lead of USB connector (1) by diode, buffer chip (3) is connected with USB connector (1), is also connected with microcontroller (4).
Embodiment bis-:
The present embodiment and embodiment mono-are basic identical, special feature is: the usb signal of described USB connector (1) and 4 line serial ports UART signals on physical circuit common source,, 2 wire size lines, but signal and communication specification protocol difference, and can externally provide power supply.Described USB interface chip (2) is elected FT232 as; Buffer chip (3) is elected 74HC573 as; Microcontroller (4) is elected ATmega48 as.
Embodiment tri-:
Referring to Fig. 2, this USB and 4 line serial ports UART automatic switching methods, adopt above-mentioned USB and 4 line serial ports UART automatic switching control equipments to operate, and concrete steps are as follows:
1. give tacit consent to USB communication modes: 4 line serial ports UART signals are by USB interface chip (2) and USB kind equipment both-way communication; When needs and 4 line serial ports kind equipment both-way communication, microcontroller (4) enables buffer chip (3), opens 4 line serial ports UART signalling channels and the direct and two-way communication of 4 line serial ports UART equipment;
2. be defaulted as 4 line serial ports UART communication modes: microcontroller (4) enables buffer chip (3), open and 4 line serial ports UART signalling channels of extraneous Direct Communication, and 4 line serial ports UART equipment both-way communications; During with USB device communication, microcontroller (4) does not enable buffer chip (3), buffer chip (3) is output as high-impedance state, closes and 4 line serial ports UART signalling channels of extraneous Direct Communication, and 4 line serial ports UART signals are by USB interface chip (2) and USB kind equipment both-way communication;
Embodiment tetra-:
As shown in Figure 2, device block diagram of the present invention comprises with next part: USB connector (1), USB interface chip (2), buffer chip (3), microprocessor (4), power supply (5), the concrete structure of each several part as shown in Figure 4.
As shown in Figure 3, described buffer chip, can be the non-reversion transparent latch of 3 state.
As shown in Figure 4, concrete USB and 4 line serial ports UART automatic switch-over circuits comprise following part: A type USB socket (1), USB interface chip FT232RL(2), 3 state latch 74HC573 do path and switch (3), microcontroller Atmega48(4), electric battery (5).
As shown in Figure 5, signal trend and when USB device communication.Microcontroller is enable latch not, and 4 line serial ports UART are by USB interface chip and USB device both-way communication.Usb signal is differential signal, and two lines complete the transmission of a signal jointly.
As shown in Figure 6, signal trend when and 4 line serial ports UART device talk.Microcontroller enable latch, 4 line serial ports UART are by latch and the direct and two-way communication of 4 line serial equipment.4 line serial ports UART signal wires are independent one and send wire size line, an acknowledge(ment) signal line.Single line complete independently sends or acknowledge(ment) signal.
the specific works process of apparatus of the present invention:
The present invention is as long as press shown in Fig. 4, and connecting circuit, can normally work.
As shown in Figure 4, use A type USB socket as connector; Select FT232RL as interface chip; Select latch 74HC573 as buffer chip; Microcontroller selects Atmega48.Power supply is selected electric battery.Anode is connected with the power lead of connector by diode, and object is to prevent that, when with USB device communication, installation's power source and USB power supply clash.
As shown in Figure 4, situation one, this device is defaulted as USB communication modes.Want and dataphone, directly plug computer with USB wire rod and get final product (computer need to be provided by the driving of the corresponding interface chip being provided by chip producer).Need and when 4 line serial ports UART device talk, this device initiatively enables 74HC573, directly exports 4 line serial ports UART signals, and after 4 line serial ports UART device talks finish, no longer enable 74HC573, the pin of 74HC573 is exported high-impedance state.
As shown in Figure 4, situation two, this device is defaulted as 4 line serial ports UART modes.Want and dataphone, directly plug computer (computer need to be provided by the driving of the corresponding interface chip being provided by chip producer) with USB wire rod, this device does not initiatively enable 74HC573, the pin output high-impedance state of 74HC573,4 line serial ports UART signals convert usb signal and dataphone to by USB interface chip, communication finishes, and enables 74HC573.When needs and 4 line serial ports UART device talk, directly export 4 line serial ports UART signals.
As shown in Figure 5, signal trend and when USB device communication.Microcontroller Atmega48 is enable latch 74HC573 not, and 4 line serial ports UART are by USB interface chip FT232RL and USB device both-way communication.Usb signal is differential signal, and two lines complete the transmission of a signal jointly.
As shown in Figure 6, signal trend when and 4 line serial ports UART device talk.Microcontroller Atmega48 enable latch 74HC573,4 line serial ports UART are by latch 74HC573 and 4 line serial ports UART equipment Direct Communications.4 line serial ports UART signal wires are independent one and send wire size line, an acknowledge(ment) signal line.Single line complete independently sends or acknowledge(ment) signal.
Above specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art can realize corresponding automatic switching control equipment accordingly.Automatic switching method of the present invention, simple, with respect to traditional handoff technique, improving ease of use, the aspect successful such as reduce costs.
Described above to embodiments of the invention, this embodiment does not have all details of detailed descriptionthe, and also not limiting this invention is only described embodiment.According to as mentioned above, can carry out many modifications and variations.The selected embodiment of the present invention is can utilize well the present invention and improve on basis of the present invention for those of ordinary skill in the art.The present invention is only subject to the restriction of claims and four corner and equivalent.
Claims (5)
1. a USB and 4 line serial ports UART automatic switching control equipments, comprise connector (1), USB interface chip (2), buffer chip (3), microcontroller (4) and power supply (5), is characterized in that: described USB interface chip (2) is connected with USB connector (1), also be connected with microcontroller (4), described power supply (5) is connected with the power lead of USB connector (1) by diode, and buffer chip (3) is connected with USB connector (1), is also connected with microcontroller (4).
2. USB according to claim 1 and 4 line serial ports UART automatic switching control equipments, it is characterized in that: the usb signal of described USB connector (1) and 4 line serial ports UART signals on physical circuit common source,, 2 wire size lines, but signal and communication specification protocol difference, and can externally provide power supply.
3. USB according to claim 1 and 4 line serial ports UART automatic switching control equipments, is characterized in that: described USB interface chip (2) is elected FT232 as; Buffer chip (3) is elected 74HC573 as; Microcontroller (4) is elected ATmega48 as.
4. USB and 4 line serial ports UART automatic switching methods, adopt USB according to claim 1 and 4 line serial ports UART automatic switching control equipments to operate, and concrete steps are as follows:
1. give tacit consent to USB communication modes: 4 line serial ports UART signals are by USB interface chip (2) and USB kind equipment both-way communication; When needs and 4 line serial ports kind equipment both-way communication, microcontroller (4) enables buffer chip (3), opens 4 line serial ports UART signalling channels and the direct and two-way communication of 4 line serial ports UART equipment;
2. be defaulted as 4 line serial ports UART communication modes: microcontroller (4) enables buffer chip (3), open and 4 line serial ports UART signalling channels of extraneous Direct Communication, and 4 line serial ports UART equipment both-way communications; During with USB device communication, microcontroller (4) does not enable buffer chip (3), buffer chip (3) is output as high-impedance state, closes and 4 line serial ports UART signalling channels of extraneous Direct Communication, and 4 line serial ports UART signals are by USB interface chip (2) and USB kind equipment both-way communication;
5. USB according to claim 4 and 4 line serial ports UART automatic switching methods, it is characterized in that: 1. described step gives tacit consent to USB communication modes, when with 4 line serial ports UART kind equipment both-way communication, first enable buffer chip (3), initiatively send communication signal, receive after the wanted signal that the other side replys, finish communication, no longer enable buffer chip; 2. described step gives tacit consent to 4 line serial ports UART communication modes, during with USB kind equipment both-way communication, does not first enable buffer chip, initiatively sends communication signal, receives after the other side's wanted signal, finishes communication, then enables buffer chip (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410052492.9A CN103853689A (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2014-02-17 | Device and method of automatic switchover of USB (Universal Serial Bus) and four-line serial port UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) |
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| CN201410052492.9A CN103853689A (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2014-02-17 | Device and method of automatic switchover of USB (Universal Serial Bus) and four-line serial port UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) |
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| CN106919529A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-07-04 | 南京新联电子股份有限公司 | The wireless communication module method for designing for supporting USB and UART serial ports compatible |
| CN107613126A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-19 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | UART and USB multiplex circuits and mobile terminal |
| CN107635069A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-26 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | UART and USB multiplex circuits and mobile terminal |
| CN109542017A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-29 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Telecommunication circuit switching method and telecommunication circuit switching circuit |
| TWI717108B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2021-01-21 | 正崴精密工業股份有限公司 | A method for dynamically switching an electronic cigarette system |
| CN112987608A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-18 | 上海技涵电子科技有限公司 | Multifunctional electronic motor control communicator and control method |
| CN114637718A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-06-17 | 南京沁恒微电子股份有限公司 | USB multiplexing single-wire interface unit, chip and communication system |
| US11609876B1 (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2023-03-21 | Nanjing qinheng Microelectronics Co., Ltd. | USB multiplexing single-wire interface unit, chip and communication system |
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| CN106919529A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-07-04 | 南京新联电子股份有限公司 | The wireless communication module method for designing for supporting USB and UART serial ports compatible |
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| TWI717108B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2021-01-21 | 正崴精密工業股份有限公司 | A method for dynamically switching an electronic cigarette system |
| CN112987608A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-18 | 上海技涵电子科技有限公司 | Multifunctional electronic motor control communicator and control method |
| CN114637718A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-06-17 | 南京沁恒微电子股份有限公司 | USB multiplexing single-wire interface unit, chip and communication system |
| US11609876B1 (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2023-03-21 | Nanjing qinheng Microelectronics Co., Ltd. | USB multiplexing single-wire interface unit, chip and communication system |
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Application publication date: 20140611 |