CN103841621B - A kind of redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree networks - Google Patents
A kind of redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree networks Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree networks, belongs to wireless sensor network technology field.Based on the tree route technology of 6LoWPAN wireless sensor networks, according to 6LoWPAN serial protocols standards, its adaptation layer protocol and Neighbor Discovery Protocol are improved and are extended, devise new adaptation layer redundancy head and redundant address registration option.Increase redundancy father node in tree network：Redundancy father node is chosen from neighbor router when node networks, and redundancy parent node address is registered to father node；When between father node and child node, link communication interrupts, data carry out redundancy routing forwarding by the redundancy father node registered.So as to increase the redundant path of tree network, effectively solving tree network link disconnects the problem for causing descendent node communicate with other nodes, improves the reliability and integrated communication ability of network.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless sensor network technology field, and in particular to a kind of based on the superfluous of 6LoWPAN tree networks
Remaining method for routing.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network（WSN）It is one of current international research focus, belongs to the core content of technology of Internet of things, it is real
Collection, process and the transmission of existing physical world information, can be widely applied to industrial automation, environmental monitoring, smart home and doctor
Treatment system etc..By introducing IPv6 technologies to wireless sensor network, sensor node is made to possess globally unique IPv6 addresses,
Realize that pure IP communicates end to end with Internet main frames, extends to wireless sensor network by the application on internet.
Internet Engineering Task group（IETF）6LoWPAN has been set up in 2004（IPv6over Low-power
Wireless Personal Area Networks）Working group, its target are that IPv6 is applied to low-consumption wireless Personal Area Network
On.6LoWPAN adopts the MAC of IEEE802.15.4 in bottom（Medium access control sublayer）And physical layer, Internet and more than
Using IPv6 agreements, and it is situated between and with the addition of an adaptation layer, for supports IPv6 data on IEEE802.15.4
Transmission.The key technology of 6LoWPAN adaptation layers mainly includes：IPv6 header suppressions, IP fragmentation and reassembly, routing forwarding, network struction
Distribute with address.The features such as 6LoWPAN network nodes have low-power consumption, reduction process ability and low overhead, existing IPv6 routes
Agreement is not particularly suited for wireless sensor network, and traditional wireless sensor networks Routing Protocol does not support IPv6 yet.Therefore, have
The necessary Routing Protocol to 6LoWPAN networks carries out new design and improvement.
In the 6LoWPAN method for routing for proposing at present, what is be most widely used is tree route method.Tree route is combined
IEEE802.15.4 features carry out distributed dynamic address distribution, and are routed according to address relationship, send out without the need for route
Existing message and routing table, with expense it is little, calculate simple advantage.However, damaging in environment what is be easily disturbed, tree route
Own limitations are exposed, its Path selection is single, fixed and no redundant ability, link disconnects and will cause the descendent node cannot
Communicate with other nodes, reduce the reliability of network.For example, the tree route HiLow algorithm that IETF is proposed, which is by address
Relation forwards data along tree topology, but does not account for the redundant path of network.
In order to cater to requirement of the 6LoWPAN tree networks to redundant reliability, the link for being likely to occur in network breaks
Situation is opened, the present invention proposes a kind of tree-shaped redundancy method for routing, it is intended to which the reliability and entirety for improving low-power consumption tree network is logical
Letter performance.
The content of the invention
The deficiency of the prior art for more than, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of link down that solves will cause section
Point communication disruption problem, improve network anti-interference redundant ability, it is ensured that communication reliability based on 6LoWPAN tree networks
Redundancy method for routing.Technical scheme is as follows：A kind of redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree networks, its
Comprise the following steps：
101st, when network access node A networks, broadcast transmission semaphore request message jumps the neighbor node in communication range to one first
Router, obtains neighbor node route-map, broadcasts beacon after the neighbor node router receives semaphore request message
Message gives network access node A；
102nd, the network access node A receives some beacon messages, and wherein beacon message includes neighbor node router
Link-quality indicated value LQI, it is father node that network access node A chooses the maximum neighbor node router of link-quality indicated value LQI,
Network access node A sends association request message to father node, and selects other routers that LQI values are taken second place to be redundancy father node, protects
Redundancy parent node address information is deposited to the redundancy routing table of network access node A；
103rd, father node distributes subnet short address for network access node A after receiving association request message, and replys associated response
Message gives network access node A；Network access node A obtains short address by the associate response message for receiving, and is generated by short address
IPv6 link local address, network access node A send to father node according to the IPv6 link local address and register with redundant address
The router solicitation RS message of option；
104th, father node is registered after the router solicitation RS message of option with redundant address in receiving step 103, father's section
Point is replied router advertisement message RA and gives network access node A, and the redundancy parent node address of network access node A is added to correspondence networking
The redundancy routing table of node A, and the registration of redundancy parent node address is completed by router advertisement message RA, network access node A into
Work(is added to 6LoWPAN networks；
105th, when between child node A and father node, communication link is normal, child node A forwards data by father node；Son section
Point between A and father node during communication link disconnection, during child node A upstream data redundant forwardings, passed by child node A by upstream data
Redundancy father node is given, redundancy father node is directly forwarded to destination address along tree route addressing；When carrying out the superfluous of downlink data
During remaining forwarding, then redundant address is obtained by searching the redundancy parent entry of child node A, calculates the jumping figure of redundant address,
Multihop network Mesh destination address of the redundancy parent node address for selecting jumping figure minimum for data, next-hop child node address are redundancy
Destination address, and remaining redundancy parent node address is added to into redundancy head, construction redundant data is sent to redundancy father node, redundancy
Father node relays to next-hop child node；After the redundancy father node receives redundant data, if to redundancy purpose address
Link communication is normal, then remove the redundancy head of data, and the Mesh route heads for reverting to script relay to redundancy purpose node；
If redundancy father node interrupts to the link communication of redundancy purpose address, whether have redundantly in the redundancy head for checking data
Location：If having, the jumping figure of redundant address is calculated, and the redundant address for selecting jumping figure minimum is Mesh destination addresses, and deletes superfluous
Corresponding redundant address in remainder, reconfigures Mesh heads and redundancy head forwarding data；Otherwise, abandon the forwarding of redundant data.
Further, the redundant address registration option in router request message RS in step 104 includes type field, length
Degree domain, individual number field, redundant address domain and reserved domain, wherein, types value is encoded to 36, represents redundant address registration option.
Further, the redundancy head described in step 105 includes redundancy head Dispatch domains, individual number field, redundancy purpose ground
Location domain and redundant address domain.
Further, the redundancy head Dispatch values are 11000000 to 11001111 scopes, and first five position 11000 identifies
6LoWPAN redundancy heads.
Advantages of the present invention and have the beneficial effect that：
The present invention increased redundancy father node, when chain between father and son's node relative to existing 6LoWPAN tree routes technology
When road is interrupted, data are forwarded by redundancy father node, father and son's inter-node link disconnects in effectively solving tree network causes sub- section
The problem that point and its descendent node cannot be communicated with other nodes, significantly improves the redundant ability of tree network, it is not necessary to volume
Outer route finding process and huge routing table, have the advantages that low overhead, highly reliable.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 6LoWPAN tree networks architectural schematic of the present invention；
The interacting message figure that Fig. 2 nodes of the present invention network with redundant address registration process；
Redundancy routing forwarding schematic diagram in Fig. 3 tree networks of the present invention；
Fig. 4 router data process charts of the present invention；
Fig. 5 6LoWPAN redundancies head format charts of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further elaborated to provide a non-limiting embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 show a beacon（Beacon）The 6LoWPAN tree networks of enable, the network include a 6LoWPAN
Gateway（Node A）With 6 6LoWPAN routers for having networked（Node B, C, D, E, F, G）, and the route for being networked
Device node N, the solid line connection in figure represent the set membership link of tree route node.6LoWPAN gateways have two networks
Interface, connection 6LoWPAN subnets and IPv6 networks, concurrently act as IEEE802.15.4 coordinator roles, manage whole network；
6LoWPAN routers are IEEE802.15.4 full-function devices (FFD), possess short address distribution and route forwarding function.Setting
Depth capacity Lm of the network is 4, and maximum child node number Cm and maximum route child node number Rm are all 2, tree route root
According to distributed dynamic address allocative decision, it is 16 short addresses of each node distribution downwards successively from telegon, makes in subnet
Communicated with short address, and IPv6 addresses are automatically generated according to short address.
Relation of the tree route according to dynamic address with position can just be routed, but can only be with the father node of oneself
With child node direction communication, it is impossible to communicate with other neighbor nodes in a jump communication range.Therefore, the present invention is to tree route
Carry out redundancy improvement, propose a kind of redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree networks, to Neighbor Discovery Protocol RS message and
Adaptation layer protocol is accordingly improved and is extended, and addition redundant address registers option and 6LoWPAN redundancy heads.Redundancy is improved
Main method is：After network access node selectes father node, then redundancy father node is selected from neighbor router, and by RS message to
Father node registers the address of redundancy father node；When the primary link failure of direction communication between node and father node interrupts, pass through
The redundancy father node of registration carries out redundancy routing forwarding, so as to increase the redundant path between node and father node, improves network whole
The route redundancy ability of body.
Based on Fig. 1 institutes structure network topology, separately below redundancy routing mechanism is described in detail.In order to understand clear letter
It is clean, only it is introduced by taking the process that node N adds network as an example, and when node N is terminal node, the method for being used should be with
This is consistent, and the dotted line connection in figure represents the redundant link of node N and redundancy father node, and dashed circle is penetrated for a jump of node N
Frequency communication range.
1. redundancy parent node address registration
During 6LoWPAN tree network networkings, node carries out Network finding first, by a series of networking actions by
It is individual to be added to network.During node N networks, broadcast transmission beacon request first after its electrifying startup（Beacon
request）Message, request surrounding neighbours send beacon message；Node N mono- jumps router node D, the node E in communication range
The semaphore request message can be received with node F, beacon message is concurrently sent（Beacon）, beacon message includes Self address, super
Frame information and network other specification etc.；So, node N receives multiple beacon messages, and obtains node D, node E and node F
Link-quality indicated value LQI is respectively 70,90,65, and it is father node to choose the maximum router node E of LQI values, and node N is to section
Point E sends association request message；After node E receives the association request message, it is node N distribution subnets short address（0x000A）And
Reply associate response message；Node N receives associate response message, then IEEE802.15.4MAC networks and is successfully associated, from father node
16 seats net short address and related MAC layer information are obtained at E, meanwhile, node D that LQI values are taken second place by node N and node F as
Redundancy father node, its address information is stored in redundancy routing table.
Once successfully obtaining short address, node N then automatically generates IPv6 link local address according to short address, using link
Local address sends the information such as improved route requests RS message, acquisition request network prefix, improved RS message to father node E
Redundant address registration option is with the addition of in standard RS message；After node E receives improved RS message, reply advertising of route RA and disappear
Cease and give node N, and carry out the registration work of redundancy parent node address, node D is added to into node N with the address of node F corresponding
Redundancy routing table in, show to forward data to node N by node D and node F；RA message of the node N by return,
The information such as global IPv 6 network prefix, 6LoWPAN compressed texts are obtained, the registration of redundancy parent node address is completed, is successfully joined
To 6LoWPAN networks.
Fig. 2 illustrates the full message interaction that 6LoWPAN nodes successfully network.
2. redundancy routing forwarding
In the case of between node N and its father node E, communication link is normal, according to 6LoWPAN tree route agreements, node N
Data to non-descendent node are all forwarded by father node E, i.e., only communicate with father node or child node, such as Fig. 3（a）Institute
Show.If the communication link of node N and its father node E is subject to the reasons such as environmental disturbances, occurs disconnecting situation about cannot communicate, then open
With the redundant path transmission data recorded in redundancy routing table, redundancy father node holding and the company of network of the node N by registration
Connect.
According to the direction of tree type data transmission, redundant data is divided into into two class of uplink and downlink, the redundancy of upstream data turns
Send out and process simple, upstream data only need to be submitted to redundancy father node D or F by node N, and redundancy father node only need to be according to common
Mesh data are transmitted to destination address along tree route addressing, its data flow such as Fig. 3（b）It is shown.Node E is transmitted to next-hop ground
When location is the downlink data of child node N, if the communication link for being found to child node N disconnects, by the redundancy father for searching node N
Node list item, obtains redundant address D and F, calculates the tree route jumping figure of node D and node F, the node for selecting jumping figure less
D reconfigures the Mesh route heads of data for Mesh destination addresses, and followed by adds redundancy head, comprising superfluous in redundancy head
The address of other redundancies father node F of remaining destination address node N and node N, node E is by redundant data forwarding to the superfluous of node N
Remaining father node D process.
If the communication of node D to the link of node N is normal, node D is received to the redundant digit that redundancy purpose address is node N
According to rear, then the redundancy head of data is removed, the Mesh route heads for reverting to script relay to node N, its data flow such as Fig. 3
（c）It is shown；If disconnection also occurs in the link of node D to node N, node D cannot directly deliver data and give node N, then lead to
Cross and check redundancy head, obtain redundant address F, it is Mesh destination addresses then to put node F, reconfigure Mesh route heads, meanwhile,
In order to prevent loop from producing, the address of redundancy father node F in data redundancy head is deleted, node D forwards redundant data to node
F；If the communication of node F to the link of node N is normal, node F then recovers to forward data again after the Mesh of data script route head
Data flow such as Fig. 3 of node N is transmitted to through node F to node N, node D（d）It is shown；If node F is to the link of node N
There is disconnection, and search redundancy head no redundant address, just abandon the forwarding of the redundant data.Redundancy road after improvement
By 6LoWPAN routers, the handling process that adaptation layer receives packet is as shown in Figure 4.
Redundancy routing forwarding will traverse all redundancy father nodes of redundancy purpose node, as long as there is a redundancy father node
Link communication to destination node is normal, it is possible to complete submitting for redundant data.If redundancy father node is to the logical of destination node
Letter link all interrupts, and illustrates that network substantially extremely deteriorates, or possible destination node has gone offline.Redundancy routing forwarding is most
The accessibility of data transfer is ensure that to big degree, the jamproof redundant ability of network is improve so as to complicated suitable for environment
Wireless industrial application scenarios.
3.6LoWPAN adaptation layers head is improved
In order to support that redundancy routing forwarding, the present invention are extended to adaptation layer protocol, new adaptation layer head is increased
Portion --- redundancy head.The design of redundancy head need it is as far as possible little, to ensure that redundant data packets will not be caused because of this addition
6LoWPAN header overheads are excessive, and the form of redundancy head is as shown in Figure 5.Including：Dispatch domains, individual number field, destination address domain,
Redundancy father node domain.Wherein, the Dispatch values of redundancy head are set to 1100000 to 11000111 scopes, wherein first five position 11000
Mark 6LoWPAN redundancy heads；Individual number field represents the number of redundant address, and its span is 0 to 7, determines redundancy head by the value
Variable-length；Destination address of the destination address domain for redundant forwarding；Redundancy father node ground of the redundant address domain for purpose address
Location.Redundancy head in the position in adaptation layer head after the Mesh heads, before other heads.
After redundancy father node receives redundant data, if redundancy final purpose address, root directly can not be forwarded data to
According to the redundant address in redundancy head, a redundancy father node is selected to be forwarded as Mesh head destination addresses.In order to avoid superfluous
The generation of remaining data loop, redundancy father node should delete redundancy head when next redundancy father node is transmitted to every time
In be equal to Mesh destination addresses redundant address.
According to above Fig. 3（c）And Fig. 3（d）The redundant data forwarding process discussed by scene, to redundant forwarding data
MAC header, Mesh heads, redundancy leading address are described in detail, and provide improved 6LoWPAN message overall format, including
IEEE802.15.4MAC heads, Mesh heads, redundancy head and possible other adaptation layer heads.Node E issues final purpose address
The data of node N, are transmitted to node D by redundant path, and the MAC header destination address of its redundant data is node B, the Mesh head
Address be node D, redundancy head destination address be node N；When node D relays to node E, the MAC header purpose of redundant data
Address is node B, and Mesh head destination addresses are changed to node F, and redundancy head destination address is node N, and is deleted in redundancy head
Redundant address node F；When node F is finally transmitted to node N, removes redundancy head and recover the Mesh heads that data are script, MAC purposes
Address is node N, and Mesh heads destination address is node N.
4.RS message is improved
The present invention is improved and has been extended to 6LoWPAN Neighbor Discovery Protocols, design ICMPv6 redundant address registration choosings
, it is added to and is sent in the route requests RS message of father node router, for the registration of redundancy parent node address
Work.Call format of the design of redundant address registration option in strict accordance with Neighbor Discovery Protocol option, is to save network energy consumption
Expense and be designed to quite simplify, including：Type field, length field, individual number field, redundant address domain, reserved domain.Wherein, specifically
It is bright as follows：
Type field：The type of option, it is that redundant address registers option to fix tentatively types value 36；
Length field：The total length of option（Including including type field and length field）, its unit is 8 bytes, therefore option
Total length is necessary for the integral multiple of 8 bytes, zero padding when not enough；
Individual number field：The number of redundancy parent node address；
Reserved domain：As reserved domain, for later extension；
Redundant address domain：16 short addresses of redundancy father node.
The above embodiment is interpreted as being merely to illustrate the present invention rather than limits the scope of the invention.
After the content of the record for having read the present invention, technical staff can be made various changes or modifications to the present invention, these equivalent changes
Change and modification equally falls into the inventive method claim limited range.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree networks, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
101st, when network access node A networks, broadcast transmission semaphore request message jumps the neighbor node route in communication range to one first
Device, obtains neighbor node route-map, the broadcast beacon messages after neighbor node router receives semaphore request message
Give network access node A；
102nd, the network access node A receives some beacon messages, and wherein beacon message includes the link of neighbor node router
It is father node that quality indicated value LQI, network access node A choose the maximum neighbor node router of link-quality indicated value LQI, is networked
Node A sends association request message to father node, and selects other routers that LQI values are taken second place to be redundancy father node, preserves superfluous
Redundancy routing table of the remaining parent node address information to network access node A；
103rd, father node distributes subnet short address for network access node A after receiving association request message, and replys associate response message
Give network access node A；Network access node A obtains short address by the associate response message for receiving, and generates IPv6 chains by short address
Road local address, network access node A send to father node according to the IPv6 link local address and register option with redundant address
Router solicitation RS message；
104th, father node is registered after the router solicitation RS message of option with redundant address in receiving step 103, and father node is returned
Multiple router advertisement RA message gives network access node A, and the redundancy parent node address of network access node A is added to correspondence network access node
The redundancy routing table of A, completes the registration of redundancy parent node address, and network access node A is successfully joined 6LoWPAN networks, networks into
After work(, network access node A becomes child node A；
105th, when between child node A and father node, communication link is normal, child node A forwards data by father node；Child node A with
When between father node, communication link disconnects, when child node A carries out the redundant forwarding of upstream data, child node A is by upstream data
Redundancy father node is submitted to, redundancy father node is directly forwarded to destination address along tree route addressing；When father node carry out it is descending
During the redundant forwarding of data, then the redundancy routing table by searching child node A obtains redundant address, calculates the jump of redundant address
Number, selects the minimum redundancy parent node address of jumping figure for the multihop network Mesh destination addresses of data, and by remaining redundancy father node
Address is added to redundancy head, and construction redundant data is sent to redundancy father node, and redundancy father node relays to next-hop child node；
After the redundancy father node receives redundant data, if the link communication to redundancy purpose address is normal, by the redundancy of data
Head removes, and the Mesh route heads for reverting to script relay to redundancy purpose node；If redundancy father node is to redundancy purpose ground
The link communication of location interrupts, then whether have redundant address in the redundancy head for checking data：If having, the jump of redundant address is calculated
Number, the redundant address for selecting jumping figure minimum are Mesh destination addresses, and delete corresponding redundant address in redundancy head, are reconfigured
Mesh route head and redundancy head forwarding data；Otherwise, abandon the forwarding of redundant data.
2. the redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree networks according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 104
In router solicitation RS message in redundant address registration option include type field, length field, individual number field, redundant address domain and
Reserved domain, wherein, types value is encoded to 36, represents redundant address registration option.
3. the redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree networks according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 105
Described in redundancy head include redundancy head Dispatch domains, individual number field, redundancy purpose address field and redundant address domain.
4. the redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree networks according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described superfluous
Remainder Dispatch values are 11000000 to 11001111 scopes, and first five position 11000 identifies 6LoWPAN redundancy heads.
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| CN105897605B (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2018-08-28 | 重庆邮电大学 | A kind of power line carrier communication network network jamming control method based on IPv6 |
| CN107332752A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-11-07 | 广州中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所分所 | Long chain wireless sensing network system based on 6LoWPAN and attaching method thereof |
| WO2020018953A1 (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-23 | Schneider Electric Systems Usa, Inc. | Low energy industrial wireless instruments network |
| CN109151951B (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2021-01-19 | 中软电科智能技术有限公司 | Data interaction method for multi-frequency centralized network networking |
| EP3641278A1 (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for providing redundant relay, in particular routing function, system, computer program and computer readable medium |
| CN114401199B (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2024-03-01 | 中国科学院计算机网络信息中心 | Hierarchical network capability model management method |
| CN115002869A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-09-02 | 燕山大学 | IP wireless network of measurement and control system and path selection method |
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