CN103825332B - Direct-current (DC) output system capable of effectively protecting fuel battery and reducing amount of energy storage batteries - Google Patents
Direct-current (DC) output system capable of effectively protecting fuel battery and reducing amount of energy storage batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN103825332B CN103825332B CN201410079376.6A CN201410079376A CN103825332B CN 103825332 B CN103825332 B CN 103825332B CN 201410079376 A CN201410079376 A CN 201410079376A CN 103825332 B CN103825332 B CN 103825332B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-current (DC) output system capable of effectively protecting a fuel battery and reducing the amount of energy storage batteries. The direct-current output system comprises an alternating-current (AC) charging system, a DC charging system, a DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system, a bus, a rectifying diode and a resistor; an energy storage battery is connected with a load through the bus and the rectifying diode; one path of the fuel battery is connected with the load through the DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system and the bus, and the other path of the fuel battery is connected with the energy storage battery through the DC charging system; one path of an electric supply is connected with the load, and the other path of the electric supply is connected with the energy storage battery through the AC charging system; the DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system is connected in parallel with the resistor. Through effectively increasing the output efficiency of the fuel battery to provide protection for the fuel battery under different conditions, the stable and efficient power can be provided for a long term or discontinuously or immediately, the seamless charging-to-discharging conversion among the electric supply, the fuel battery and the energy storage battery is realized, a large amount of energy storage batteries are replaced, and the function for providing uninterrupted power for the load for infinitely long time is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cells applications technical field is and in particular to a kind of effective protection fuel cell reduces energy storage electricity
The direct current output system of pond quantity,.
Background technology
Adopting energy-storage battery on line type UPS or mobile back-up source in the market, wherein most is lead-acid battery more,
Indivedual occasions use lithium battery or nickel-cadmium cell.Lead-acid battery not only has pollution in process of production and bulky, weight is too
Greatly, need periodic maintenance, the limited shortcoming of power-on time.It is limited that lithium battery and nickel-cadmium cell there is also power-on time, buying and tieing up
Protect relatively costly shortcoming.Comprehensive factors above, existing energy storage battery system has pollution on producing, and need to advise in advance during establishment
Draw place（Floor space is wide, weight is big）, power-on time is limited, and mobile inconvenience and maintenance cost height etc. are many not fully up to expectations
Local.
In existing numerous distributed generation technologies, fuel cell have efficiency height, environmental protection, dynamic characteristic project etc. spy
Point, is referred to as the distributed power source in 21st century.With constantly increasing of present power shortages present situation, fuel cell is incorporated into the power networks
Just gradually becoming a big trend.At present, scientific research institution also occurs in that the stand-by power supply with fuel cell as main power source, but only
It is conceptual machine, in the protection of fuel cell and the energy-storage battery charge and discharge control of auxiliary power supply, all cannot meet actual life
Middle real work requires.Because fuel cell output is the very big direct current energy of a voltage change range, voltage pulsation is big, steady
Qualitative difference, when the occasion that load changes greatly uses fuel cell, the quality of power supply cannot be guaranteed, and grid-connected of fuel cell
The required output of electric system is a stable AC energy, and the electric energy of output cannot directly be applied, therefore, in fuel cell
In electricity generation system, transformation of electrical energy is an indispensable link.
With the development of Power Electronic Technique, power application electronics translation circuit has conversion efficiency as transformation of electrical energy
Height, the advantages of power density is big, has had become as the first-selection of transformation of electrical energy in distributed generation system.But existing Electric control
Technology is changed in voltage stabilizing, DC/AC, energy-storage battery discharge and recharge and reasonably design with all neither ones that is connected of civil power, adopts more
Coordinated with solar charger existing on market and UPS, but solar charger is controlling fuel cell simply electric power
It is divided into two, a part is given UPS and is reverse into AC220V output, a part is given energy-storage battery and charged, and this is designed with two
Drawback：1st, electric power distribution is unreasonable：When fuel cell just starts, fan-out capability is weaker, and now battery charges and loads simultaneously
Carry out, increased the load of fuel cell, increase the waste of fuel cell fan-out capability；2nd, charge control ability：The sun
Energy charger is poor to the charge function of energy-storage battery, lead-acid battery is charged still, to other energy-storage batteries（Such as lithium electricity
Pond）During charging, the reasonable ability to transform of charge mode is very poor.
Also many trials are had with regard to improving fuel cell power energy output quality in existing document, such as Wang Zan, Xiao Lan, Yan Yang
Light.《The control research of the Push-pull Forward Converter based on fuel cell》（Proceedings of the CSEE, 2007,27 (33),
82-86）In one literary composition, the Push-pull Forward Converter of design, it is proposed that double CDD passive and nondestructive box-bit circuit, makes system have well
Stablize and its dynamic effect, but output is unidirectional current it is impossible to direct apply.Li Qi, profound credit adds, Qu Yongjiang exists《Proton is handed over
Change the electroresponse research of membrane cell》(battery, 2006,36 (5):359-361) the fuel cell inversion control proposing in a literary composition
System strategy can make the electric current of output have less steady-state error, but do not possess the control to output and require.
Patent 2011100815244《Power-off source power supply system and its method of supplying power to paid no attention to based on fuel cell》Disclosed
Power supply system by being made up of control system, main circuit power supply unit, bypass power supply unit, stand-by power supply unit in technical scheme
System coordination civil power, auxiliary power supply, operation of fuel cells achieve externally continual offer electric energy, and can break in civil power
Long-time, stable electric energy is provided to power in the case of electricity.The effect of this kind of fuel cell electric power system essentially consists in, when such as city
Because when some situations persistently cannot supply load electric, available fuel cell system provides electric power to electricity, so that load
Work is not interrupted.And fuel cell system is different from general non-firm power source, when load changes, fuel cell system
System needs the response time that some are electrochemically reacted, and just fuel cell system can be entered after reaching time rating
Row certain power take out load, so just can avoid the shortening of fuel cell system lifetime.When must significantly lift fuel cell
During the power output of system, the fuel cell pack in fuel cell system is such as made to export required power therewith immediately, it will because
Response time is not enough and cause the irreversible injury of fuel cell system, after accumulation a period of time, fuel cell system is just
Can permanent damages.
Content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to solve the problems such as traditional standby power-supply system utilization ratio is low, high energy consumption, volume are big, simultaneously
Improve to fuel cell, the protection of energy-storage battery and control, the present invention proposes a kind of effective protection fuel cell and reduces energy storage electricity
The direct current output system of pond quantity.
Technical scheme：In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of effective protection fuel cell reduces the direct current output system of energy-storage battery quantity, including AC charging system,
DC charging system, DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system, bus, commutation diode and resistance；Energy-storage battery is by described bus, rectification two
Pole pipe is connected with load；Fuel cell leads up to described DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system, bus is connected with load, leads up to described
DC charging system is connected with energy-storage battery；Civil power one tunnel is connected with load, leads up to described AC charging system and energy storage
Battery is connected；Described DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system and described resistor coupled in parallel.
Preferably, when civil power is normal, civil power divides two-way to export, and a road is directly output to load, and a road is through AC charging
System exports energy-storage battery and ensures that energy-storage battery is in saturation all the time.
Preferably, when city's electrical anomaly, energy-storage battery provides load electric in time, and starting fluid battery, fuel cell
Start point two-way output after stablizing, a road is connected through voltage-stabilizing system, bus and load, and a road is electric with energy storage through DC charging system
Pond is connected.
Preferably, the enabling signal of described fuel cell is provided by described AC charging system.
Preferably, described DC charging system judges whether to energy storage electricity according to the size of described fuel cell output power
Charge in pond.
Preferably, described DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system has electric current unidirectional cutoff function.
Preferably, described DC charging system has electric current unidirectional cutoff function.
Preferably, after fuel cell is shut down, described resistance conducting, for consuming the hydrogen of fuel battery inside residual.
Preferably, described commutation diode is used for the separately charging circuit of energy-storage battery and output circuit.
Beneficial effect：The present invention has taken into full account the operating characteristic of fuel cell, employs MPPT skill in voltage-stabilizing system
Art, ensure that the output of fuel cell to greatest extent；DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system and DC charging system are equipped with unidirectional section of electric current
Only function, constitutes the protection system of fuel cell with parallel resistance, plays the effect of protection fuel cell, extends fuel cell
Service life.
In the present invention, two kinds of charging modes of energy-storage battery, all using intelligent charging system, both ensure that fuel cell
Big output, can guarantee that the charging of energy-storage battery current limiting pressure-limiting under two kinds of charged states of alternating current-direct current again；Set up commutation diode, make
Charging circuit is separated with output circuit, increases the reliability charging and exporting.
Energy-storage battery capacity very little in the present invention, taking the stand-by power supply of fan-out capability 3KW as a example, energy storage electricity in the present invention
Pond is less than 20KG, and traditional standby battery, in 800 1000KG, substantially reduce the number weight, the volume of energy-storage battery, can be effective
Reduce the usage amount of energy-storage battery, reduce the use cost of energy-storage battery further and manufacture brought environmental pollution.
In the present invention, each system has all reached maximum output ability, improves energy-storage battery, using of fuel cell is imitated
Rate, reduces energy consumption；And each system adopts modularized design, will according to the different expansible different capacity output of output demand
Ask, different or when breaking down in power, can directly extend replacing respective modules, be easy to production management and maintenance, reach
Enterprise moduleization manages.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the system structure and operation principle of the present invention is described in detail.
Effective protection fuel cell as shown in Figure 1 reduces the direct current output system of energy-storage battery quantity, fills including exchange
Electric system, DC charging system, DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system, bus, commutation diode and resistance.It is divided into two-way after civil power input, one
Road exports client UPS or DC load, and a road exports energy-storage battery through AC charging system；Energy-storage battery through bus,
Commutation diode is connected with client UPS or DC load；Fuel cell one tunnel through voltage-stabilizing system, bus and client UPS or
DC load is connected, and a road is connected with energy-storage battery through DC charging system.The heavy black line of in figure represents bus.
AC charging system is connected with Fuel Cell Control System, for providing fuel cell start-up signal；AC charging
System has a following function, and first, when using as alternating current power supply separately as DC source and external DC/AC inverter,
Play detecting energy-storage battery voltage, the timely function that fuel cell start-up signal is provided.Second, standby as on line type UPS
When power supply uses, detect energy-storage battery voltage, when meeting energy-storage battery charge condition, it being charged, and detect civil power has or not letter
Number, the function of fuel cell start-up signal is provided during power-off in time.
The resistance of DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system one 5-20W of parallel connection, after fuel cell shutdown, Fuel Cell Control System control
Ohmic load processed conducting, consumes the residual hydrogen of fuel battery inside, it is to avoid fuel cell under non-loaded situation, with sky
Oxygen reaction in gas and powered, protect fuel cell further.
DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system and DC charging system adopt MPPT module to design, and MPPT is maximum power point tracking technology,
It is usually used in solaode industry, it with the output voltage of detecting real-time fuel cell and can follow the trail of maximum voltage current value, carries
High fuel cell delivery efficiency, improves 40-50% than tradition DC/DC conversion efficiency.
DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system and DC charging system all have electric current unidirectional cutoff function, constitute fuel electricity with parallel resistance
The protection system in pond, it is to avoid external circuit or energy-storage battery have reverse current to fuel cell, largely protects fuel electricity
Pond, it is to avoid when fuel cell both positive and negative polarity has reverse current, the fuel cell short time is burned.
Energy-storage battery output circuit installs commutation diode additional, plays the effect of unidirectional cutoff electric current, it is to avoid external circuit or
Fuel cell passes through the unshielded charging of bus of discharging, and the charging of energy-storage battery must be completed by charging system, makes energy storage electricity
Pond reaches intelligent charge, extends the energy-storage battery life-span.
Operation principle and process：1st, when civil power is normal, civil power divides two-way to export, and a road is directly output to client UPS
Or DC load, a road exports energy-storage battery through AC charging system and ensures that energy-storage battery is in saturation all the time.
2nd, when city's electrical anomaly, energy-storage battery provides client UPS or DC load electric power in time, and starting fluid electricity
Pond, fuel cell start-up steadily divides two-way to export afterwards, and a road exports client by bus after DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system voltage stabilizing
UPS or DC load；One tunnel is connected with energy-storage battery through DC charging system, and DC charging system is according to fuel cell output work
The size of rate judges whether to charge to energy-storage battery, and then ensures the output of fuel cell maximum function.
It is main power source that the present invention adopts fuel cell, and fuel cell is typical case's invention of clean energy resource, and it is in fortune
Noiselessness in row, unglazed, do not have substantial amounts of heat to produce, product is water, pollution-free；And energy source is oxygen and hydrogen
Gas, oxygen sources can be equipped with using caisson in air, hydrogen, may be implemented in wire type and change caisson, in unlimited time, continuously
Disconnected formula is powered.
Small volume of the present invention, conveniently moving, using lead-acid battery taking the stand-by power supply of fan-out capability 3KW as a example
Traditional standby power supply weight about 800 1000KG, and use the stand-by power supply of the present invention to only have 600*600*1200mm, weight
Less than 100KG, and system is equipped with universal wheel, can shift position easily.
The present invention adopts the technology such as MPPT, smart allocation, multiple spot detecting, improves electric power output efficiency to greatest extent.With
As a example the backup power system of fuel cell of rated output power 3KW, when external loading is less than 1.5KW, DC charging system
Charge mode can be opened, fuel cell starts energy-storage battery and charges；When load is higher than 1.5KW, DC charging system is closed and is filled
Power mode, fuel cell only supplies load electric, this ensure that the maximum output ability of fuel cell, improves fuel cell
Big delivery efficiency, solves the waste of fuel cell fan-out capability.Also in relation with the energy-storage battery suitability in terms of circuit
Feature, is applicable to the use occasion of energy-storage battery（For example as the stand-by power supply of UPS）；Whole system takes modularity to set
Meter, is easy to upgrade and safeguards.
The above be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention it should be pointed out that：Ordinary skill people for the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of effective reduce energy-storage battery quantity backup power system of fuel cell it is characterised in that：Including AC charging
System, DC charging system, DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system, bus, commutation diode and resistance, AC charging system, DC charging system
System is all connected with fuel cell by Fuel Cell Control System, and AC charging system is used for providing fuel cell start-up signal,
AC charging system, when using as alternating current power supply separately as DC source and external DC/AC inverter, plays detecting storage
The function of energy cell voltage, in time offer fuel cell start-up signal, AC charging system is standby as on line type UPS simultaneously
When power supply uses, detect energy-storage battery voltage, when meeting energy-storage battery charge condition, it being charged, and detect civil power has or not letter
Number, the function of fuel cell start-up signal is provided during power-off in time；DC charging system is big according to fuel cell output power
Little judge whether to energy-storage battery charge, and then ensure fuel cell maximum function output；Energy-storage battery pass through described bus,
Commutation diode is connected with load, and fuel cell leads up to described DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system, bus is connected with load, a-road-through
Cross described DC charging system to be connected with energy-storage battery, the outlet side of described DC charging system is with described commutation diode just
Pole side is connected, the outlet side of described DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system is connected with the negative side of described commutation diode；Civil power one tunnel and load
It is connected, lead up to described AC charging system and be connected with energy-storage battery；Described DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system and described resistor coupled in parallel；
Described DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system and DC charging system are equipped with MPPT module；Fuel cell is preferential in the case of city's electrical anomaly
There is provided electric power for load, then power for energy-storage battery.
2. effective backup power system of fuel cell reducing energy-storage battery quantity according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：When civil power is normal, civil power divides two-way to export, and a road is directly output to load, and a road exports storage through AC charging system
Energy battery simultaneously ensures that energy-storage battery is in saturation all the time.
3. effective backup power system of fuel cell reducing energy-storage battery quantity according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described DC/DC voltage-stabilizing system has electric current unidirectional cutoff function.
4. effective backup power system of fuel cell reducing energy-storage battery quantity according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described DC charging system has electric current unidirectional cutoff function.
5. effective backup power system of fuel cell reducing energy-storage battery quantity according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：After fuel cell is shut down, described resistance conducting, for consuming the hydrogen of fuel battery inside residual.
6. effective backup power system of fuel cell reducing energy-storage battery quantity according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described commutation diode is used for the separately charging circuit of energy-storage battery and output circuit.
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Families Citing this family (9)
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| CN107086658B (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2020-07-10 | 东深金属燃料动力实验室有限责任公司 | Online UPS backup power supply system based on metal-air battery composition |
| DE102017211610A1 (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-01-10 | Audi Ag | Enable a fuel cell |
| CN109599935A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-09 | 佛山索弗克氢能源有限公司 | Light hydrogen energy-storage power supplying apparatus and its method of supplying power to |
| CN110723020A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-01-24 | 中弗(无锡)新能源有限公司 | Fuel cell power generation, storage and charging system and method |
| KR20220143029A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2022-10-24 | 블룸 에너지 코퍼레이션 | Fault Tolerant Electrical Constructions for Fuel Cell Systems |
| CN111799881B (en) * | 2020-06-06 | 2021-07-16 | 北京潞电电气设备有限公司 | Uninterrupted power supply system for load and control method |
| CN114069820A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-18 | 周雅娟 | Energy storage and power supply system, control method and storage medium |
| CN113452129A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-09-28 | 盛隆电气集团有限公司 | Control method and control system of electric energy quality monitoring device |
| CN114844198A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-08-02 | 海南天宇科技集团有限公司 | Power architecture combining uninterruptible power system and solid hydrogen storage bottle |
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