CN103780136A - Rotary friction generator capable of outputting constant current - Google Patents
Rotary friction generator capable of outputting constant current Download PDFInfo
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- CN103780136A CN103780136A CN201310507488.2A CN201310507488A CN103780136A CN 103780136 A CN103780136 A CN 103780136A CN 201310507488 A CN201310507488 A CN 201310507488A CN 103780136 A CN103780136 A CN 103780136A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rotary friction generator capable of outputting constant current, which comprises at least one first sub friction piece and at least one second friction piece, wherein the surfaces of the first sub friction piece and the second sub friction piece are provided with a first sub electrode and a second sub electrode respectively; the tail ends of the first sub friction piece and the second sub friction piece are provided with a first conductive component and a second conductive component respectively; the other surface of the first sub friction piece can carry out friction sliding with a constant speed in a clockwise or anti-clockwise direction relative to the other surface of the second sub friction piece. The rotary friction generator enables the two friction pieces to always keep contact friction through constant-speed circumferential motion, thereby generating inductive charge, driving flow of electrons in an external circuit, and realizing output of constant current through using the conductive component as a commutator. The rotary friction generator is simple in structure, convenient to realize and low in cost, can be used for providing power for an electronic device continuously and stably, and can also be used for providing power for a capacitor continuously and stably, and has very good social and economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of power generation, a kind of revolving frictional generator of exporting constant current is particularly provided.
Background technology
Adopt collection of energy and the conversion equipment of nanometer technology, due to its unique self power generation and self-driven character, probably in manufacturing and driving self-powered nano-device and nanosystems device, play critical effect, be subject to recently various countries researcher and more and more paid close attention to.2006, the Wang Zhonglin of georgia ,u.s.a Institute of Technology professor seminar successfully realized the piezoelectric type nano generator that utilizes zinc oxide nanowire mechanical energy to be converted into electric energy first.Subsequently, take piezoelectric effect as basis, the various nano generators based on different materials and structure are developed in succession.At present, the power output of nano generator is enough to drive commercial light-emitting diode, small-scale liquid crystal display, and self-power wireless data transfer equipment.
Generally, generator is that one can generate electric charge, positive and negative charge is separated, and the electric charge producing with electromotive force drives the method for free electron stream, it can take electromagnetism, piezoelectricity, electric heating even electrostatic effect as basis.The piezoelectricity electromotive force that nano generator relies on zinc oxide nanowire to generate has been realized generating.On the other hand, friction electricity and electrostatic phenomenon are a kind of very general phenomenons, are present in every aspect in our daily life, drive etc. from walking to.Because it is difficult to be collected and utilize, often by a kind of energy form that people ignored.If can collect fricative electric energy or utilize the method the kinetic energy in the Nature to be converted to the electric energy that can utilize by a kind of new method, will produce material impact to daily life.At present, static micro generator is developed successfully, and is used widely in micro electronmechanical field.But the design of miniature electrostatic generator is mainly take inorganic silicon material as basis, and the manufacture of device needs complicated technique and accurate operation.The preparation of whole device needs large-scale instrument and equipment and special working condition, and cost is too high, is unfavorable for commercialization and the daily use of generator.Application number is that 201210149940.8 and 201210160542.6 Chinese invention patent application discloses a kind of triboelectricity machine, generate electricity, but this triboelectricity machine only can produce the electric current output of pulsed by frictional electricity phenomenon and separation of charge mode.Application number is that the Chinese invention patent application of 200910080638.X discloses a kind of revolving frictional generator, this generator produces electric charge by the spin friction between stator and epitrochanterian friction material, but this revolving frictional generator is difficult to external circuit output current, and generating efficiency is very low.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of revolving frictional generator of exporting constant current.
According to an aspect of the present invention.Proposed a kind of revolving frictional generator of exporting constant current, it comprises:
The first friction member, comprises at least one first sub-friction member, and a Surface Contact of each described the first sub-friction member is provided with the first sub-electrode;
With constant a pair of the first conductive component of each described the first sub-friction member relative position, lay respectively at the first end and second end of the first sub-friction member;
The second friction member, comprises and the second sub-friction member of described the first sub-friction member equal amount, a Surface Contact of each described the second sub-friction member is provided with the second sub-electrode;
With constant a pair of the second conductive component of each described the second sub-friction member relative position, lay respectively at the first end and second end of the second sub-friction member;
Wherein, all the first conductive components that are positioned at first sub-friction member the first end and all the second conductive components that is positioned at second sub-friction member the first end are electrically connected and form the first electric connection point; All the first conductive components that are positioned at first sub-friction member the second end and all the second conductive components that is positioned at second sub-friction member the second end are electrically connected and form the second electric connection point;
Another surface of described the first sub-friction member can relative the second sub-friction member another surface doing at the uniform velocity friction slip clockwise or counterclockwise; In the sliding process of described sliding friction, one in every pair of described first conductive component electrically contacts with the second sub-electrode all the time, one in every pair of described second conductive component electrically contacts with the first sub-electrode all the time, and the electric connection point that the second conductive component that the first conductive component electrically contacting from the second sub-electrode and the first sub-electrode electrically contact simultaneously connects is different, make in this sliding process, between the first electric connection point and the second electric connection point, produce all the time constant electric current.
Wherein, described the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member are, and are concentric plane semicircular ring structure.
Wherein, described the first sub-friction member contacts setting with the inner surface of the second sub-friction member, and the inner surface of the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode contacts setting with the first sub-friction member with the outer surface of the second sub-friction member respectively.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component electrically contacts with the inner surface of the second sub-electrode all the time; One in described every pair of second conductive component electrically contacts with the inner surface of the first sub-electrode all the time.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component electrically contacts with the outer surface of the second sub-electrode all the time; One in described every pair of second conductive component electrically contacts with the outer surface of the first sub-electrode all the time.
Wherein, described the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member comprise multiple, and multiple the first sub-friction member sizes are identical, relative position is constant and interval is even, the size of multiple the second sub-friction members is identical, relative position is constant and interval is even, and described multiple the first sub-friction member and described multiple the second sub-friction member respectively common combination form concentric plane semicircular ring structure.
Wherein, the inner surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION all the time of in each described the first sub-friction member and described multiple the second sub-friction member, the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode are separately positioned on the outer surface of the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component electrically contacts with the second sub-electrode inner surface all the time; One in described every pair of first conductive component electrically contacts with the first sub-electrode inner surface all the time.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component electrically contacts with the second sub-electrode outer surface all the time; One in described every pair of second conductive component electrically contacts with the first sub-electrode outer surface all the time.
Wherein, described the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member all only comprise one, and are that cross section is the column structure of concentric semicircles ring.
Wherein, the outer surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION of the inner surface of described the first sub-friction member and described the second sub-friction member, the first sub-electrode is arranged on the outer surface of the first sub-friction member, and the second sub-electrode is arranged on the inner surface of a described part of the second sub-friction member.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component electrically contacts with the outer surface of the second sub-electrode all the time; One in described every pair of second conductive component electrically contacts with the inner surface of the first sub-electrode all the time.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component electrically contacts with the inner surface of the second sub-electrode all the time; One in described every pair of second conductive component electrically contacts with the outer surface of the first sub-electrode all the time.
Wherein, described the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member comprise respectively multiple, and described multiple the first sub-friction member size is identical, relative position is constant and interval is even, and described multiple the second sub-friction member sizes are identical, relative position is constant and interval is even; Described multiple the first sub-friction member and multiple the second sub-friction member respectively common combination formation cross section are the column structure of concentric semicircles ring.
Wherein, the outer surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION of in the inner surface of each described the first sub-friction member and multiple the second sub-friction member, the first sub-electrode is arranged on the outer surface of the first sub-friction member, and the second sub-electrode is arranged on the inner surface of the second sub-friction member.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component electrically contacts with the second sub-electrode outer surface all the time; One in described every pair of second conductive component electrically contacts with the first sub-electrode inner surface all the time.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component electrically contacts with the second sub-electrode inner surface all the time; One in described the second conductive component electrically contacts with the first electrode outer surface all the time.
Wherein, electric current flows to the second electric connection point from the first electric connection point all the time.
Wherein, the first sub-friction member adopts two kinds of different materials of electronegativity to make with the second sub-friction member.
Wherein, any one in the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member employing insulating material, semi-conducting material or metal made.
Wherein, described the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member adopt macromolecule polymer material to make.
Wherein, described semi-conducting material comprises Crystalline Semiconductors material, amorphous glass semi-conducting material, organic semiconducting materials.
Wherein, described metal comprises the alloy that gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium and aforementioned any metal thereof form.
Wherein, described the first conductive component and the second conductive component are brush.
The such scheme that the present invention proposes, adopt material that two kinds of electronegativity are different as friction member, by making two friction members remain contact slide friction, in contact area increases or reduces process, the contact area of two friction members at the uniform velocity increases or reduces, and by conductive component as commutator, realize galvanic output.Particularly, in the time that sliding friction is uniform circular motion, can realize the output of constant current.This invention is simple in structure, and it is convenient to realize, and cost is low, can be used for the lasting steady electricity supply to electronic device, also can be used for the steadily charging that continues to capacitor, has good society and economic benefit.
Above-mentioned explanation is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand technological means of the present invention, and can be implemented according to the content of specification, and for above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, below especially exemplified by the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of revolving frictional generator structure in first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the upward view of revolving frictional generator structure in first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the operation principle schematic diagram of revolving frictional generator in first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the first friction member revolving frictional generator in the motion process of 0 ° to 180 ° in first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the first friction member revolving frictional generator in the motion process of 180 ° to 360 ° in first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the structure chart of revolving frictional generator in second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is revolving frictional generator structure chart in third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the fundamental diagram of revolving frictional generator in third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is revolving frictional generator structure chart in fourth embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show respectively a kind of revolving frictional generator structure chart of exporting constant current in first embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, Fig. 1 is front view, the upward view that Fig. 2 is Fig. 1.In the present embodiment, the revolving frictional generator of this output constant current comprises: the first friction member 2, a pair of the first conductive component 31,32, the second friction member 5 and a pair of the second conductive component 61,62, the outer surface that the outer surface of the first friction member 2 is provided with the first electrode 1, the second friction member 5 is provided with the second electrode 4.In the present embodiment, the first friction member 2 only comprises a first sub-friction member, and the second friction member 5 only comprises a second sub-friction member.
The inner surface of described the first friction member 2 can relative the second friction member 5 inner surface doing at the uniform velocity friction slip clockwise or counterclockwise.Described a pair of the first conductive component 31,32 lays respectively at the first end and second end of the first friction member 2, and constant with the relative position of the first friction member 2.Described a pair of the second conductive component 61,62 lays respectively at the first end and second end of the second friction member 5, and constant with the relative position of the second friction member 5.In addition, the second conductive component 32 that is positioned at the first friction member 2 second ends is electrically connected on the first electric connection point A with the second conductive component 62 that is positioned at the second friction member 5 second ends by wire, and the first conductive component 31 that is positioned at the first friction member 2 first ends is electrically connected on the second electric connection point B with the second conductive component 61 that is positioned at the second friction member 5 second ends by wire.Wherein, the first end of described the first friction member and the second friction member and the second end when being in contact with one another in sliding process or being separated from each other, contact or finally separated end at first.
In the present embodiment, the first electrode 1, the first friction member 2, the second electrode 4, the second friction member 5 are the plane semicircular ring structure of concentric, optionally, the annulus inside radius of described the first friction member 1 and the second friction member 2 can be identical or different, outer radius can be identical or different, and the annulus inside radius of described the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 4 can be identical or different, the annulus inside radius of the first electrode 1 shown in the present embodiment is greater than the annulus inside radius of the second electrode 4, but is less than the annulus outer radius of the second electrode 4; Described the first electrode 1 is fixed on the annulus outer surface of described the first friction member 2, and its surface contacting with the first friction member 2 has exposed portions serve in the first friction member 2 inner sides, the second electrode 4 is fixed on the annulus outer surface of described the second friction member 5, and its surface contacting with the second friction member 5 has exposed portions serve in the second friction member 5 outsides.A pair of the first conductive component 31,32 lays respectively at the inside end of the first friction member 2, and a pair of the second conductive component 61,62 lays respectively at the outer ends of the second friction member 5.Therefore, the first friction member 2 is with respect in the second friction member 5 friction slip processes, and one of a pair of first conductive component 31,32 electrically contacts with the first electrode 1 all the time, and one of a pair of second conductive component 61,62 electrically contacts with the second electrode 2 all the time.
In the present embodiment, the first friction member 2 can do clockwise circular motion around the center of circle corresponding to its annulus, and can drive the first electrode 1 to do clockwise circular motion together with the first conductive component 31,32.Described the first conductive component and the second conductive component all can be brush, and its shape can be rectangular structure (Fig. 1 shows rectangular structure one end face, and it is square structure).The material of the first friction member 2 is preferably nylon, and the material of the second friction member 5 is preferably polytetrafluoroethylene, and the material of the second electrode 4 and the first electrode 1 is preferably aluminium, and the material of two pairs of conductive components is preferably electrographite.
There is certain roughness in the inner surface of the first friction member 2 and the first friction member 5, and adopts two kinds of different materials of electronegativity to make.Therefore, in the present invention, make two friction members remain contact friction by circular motion, and by conductive component as commutator, realize galvanic output.In the time that sliding friction is uniform circular motion, can realize the output of constant current.
The revolving frictional generator operation principle of output constant current is, in the time of the first friction member 2 and the second friction member 5 contact slide, the mutual friction of two interface portion generation phases, due to two friction member surface electrical negativity differences, equivalent but electrically contrary electrostatic charge generate and be distributed on two different friction members in interface, the first friction member 2 is with plus or minus electric charge, and the second friction member 5 surface bands and the opposite polarity electric charge of the first friction member 2 have so just formed the dipole layer of the electromotive force that is referred to as to rub in interface.And this dipole layer has formed a built-in potential between the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 4.Because the first friction member 2 and the second friction member 5 itself insulate, so charge inducing can not led away rapidly or neutralize.In the time of relative the second friction member motion of the first friction member, the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 4 are by the situation of circuit turn-on outside, on two electrodes, produce respectively electrically contrary free charge, the charge inducing generating to offset two friction members, therefore, form extrinsic current by the first conductive component and the second conductive component.
Fig. 3 shows the operation principle schematic diagram of revolving frictional generator in first embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 3, the first conductive component 31 that is positioned at the first electrode 1 left semicircle ring inner side has the first common electric connection point B with the second conductive component 61 that is positioned at the second electrode 4 left semicircle ring outsides, and another second conductive component being positioned at outside another first conductive component 32 and the second electrode 4 right semi-circle rings inside the first electrode 1 right semi-circle ring has the second common electric connection point A, the first conductive component 31 is electrically connected with the second conductive component 61, and another first conductive component 32 is electrically connected with another second conductive component 62.The second friction member 2 contacts with the second electrode 1 and arranges and invariant position, and the first friction member 5 drives the first electrode 4 to do clockwise circular motion, makes two friction members produce friction; The second conductive component invariant position, the first conductive component and the first friction member 2 there is fixing mechanical connection and relative position constant, therefore the first conductive component does clockwise circular motion with the first friction member.And because the effect of conductive component is conduction and commutation, therefore in the time that the first friction member 2 does clockwise circular motion, the extrinsic current forming by the first conductive component 31,32 and the second conductive component 61,62, all the time from the first electric connection point A through external circuit load flow to the second electric connection point B, export direct current.In the time that the first friction member 2 does uniform circular motion, the extrinsic current of output is constant current.
In the sliding process of 0 ° to 180 °, the first friction member 2 skids off from the surface of the second friction member 5, the contact area of two friction members at the uniform velocity reduces, 1, this process first electrode contacts with the second conductive component 62, the second 4, electrode contacts with the first conductive component 31, the external output current of triboelectricity machine flows to the second electrode 4 from the first electrode 1, flow to the first conductive component 31 from the second conductive component 62 through external resistance, and because the first conductive component 31 and the second conductive component 61 have the second common electric connection point B, the first conductive component 32 and the second conductive component 62 have the first common electric connection point A, therefore in this process, electric current flows to the second electric connection point B from the first electric connection point A.
In the sliding process of 180 ° to 360 °, the first friction member 2 slides into from the surface of the second friction member 5, the contact area of two friction members at the uniform velocity increases, 1, this process first electrode contacts with the second conductive component 61, the second 4, electrode contacts with the first conductive component 32, the external output current of triboelectricity machine flows to the first electrode 1 from the second electrode 4, be that electric current flows to the second conductive component 61 from the first conductive component 32 through external resistance, therefore electric current still flows to the second electric connection point B from the first electric connection point A through external resistance, thereby realize in sliding friction generator, in the sliding process of 180 ° to 360 °, the direction of output current is identical with the sense of current in the sliding process of 0 ° to 180 °.
Fig. 4 shows the equivalent circuit diagram of the first friction member revolving frictional generator in the motion process of 0 ° to 180 ° in first embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 4, the first friction member 2 skids off from the surface of the second friction member 5, and the external output current of triboelectricity machine flows to the second electrode 4 from the first electrode 1, flows to the second electric connection point B from the first electric connection point A through external resistance.
Fig. 5 shows the equivalent circuit diagram of the first friction member revolving frictional generator in the motion process of 180 ° to 360 ° in first embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 5, the first friction member 2 slides into from the surface of the second friction member 5, and the external output current of triboelectricity machine flows to the first electrode 1 from the second electrode 4, and electric current still flows to the second electric connection point B from the first electric connection point A through external resistance.
The first friction member 2 continues to move in a circle, and enters the next period of motion, can make the electric current that exports external circuit to be always direct current.In the time that the first friction member 2 does clockwise circular motion at the uniform velocity, can obtain flowing through the constant current of external resistance.The big or small I of constant current is:
Wherein, when σ is 0 °, two contact friction parts are because of the quantity of electric charge of caused by relative motion, and unit is C; ω is the angular speed that the first friction member 2 does uniform circular motion, and unit is s
-1; θ is for two contact friction parts are from overlapping to skidding off turned over angle completely, and in the design of this programme, the size of θ can be 180 °, 90 °, 60 °, 45 ° etc.
In such scheme, the size of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 4 also can be conversely, the first electrode 1 is less than the second electrode 4, but need to guarantee to contact respectively the first friction member 2 disposed thereon and the second friction member 5 is in contact with one another, and the first conductive component and the second conductive component in sliding process respectively with the first electrode and the second electrode contact.
In addition, the shape of the first electrode 1, the second electrode 4, the first friction member 2 and the second friction member 5 is not only confined to semi-annular shape, as long as in the time doing uniform circular motion, the contact area of the first friction member 2 and the second friction member 5 at the uniform velocity changes.
The shape of conductive component is also not limited only to cuboid, as long as can form and contact conduction with electrode.Such as with the contact jaw of electrode can be round end or other shapes.In addition, the second conductive component and the first conductive component adopt brush to realize conventionally, can also adopt other conductive components, as long as can be wear-resisting and conduction, as metals such as duralumin.
Fig. 6 shows the revolving frictional generator structure chart of exporting constant current in second embodiment of the invention.In this embodiment, the structure of revolving frictional generator is substantially the same with the first embodiment.As shown in Figure 6, this revolving frictional generator comprises the first friction member and the second friction member, the first friction member comprises two the first sub-friction members, the second friction member comprises two the second sub-friction members, and described two the first sub-friction member size is identical, relative position is constant and interval is even, the size of multiple the second sub-friction members is identical, relative position is constant and interval is even, and described two the first sub-friction members and described two the second sub-friction members are respectively 1/4th planar circular structures.Each described the first sub-friction member contacts respectively and is provided with the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode with the outer surface on the second sub-friction member, and the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode are also 1/1st planar circular structure.The first end of each the first sub-friction member and the second end are provided with a pair of the first conductive component, and the first end of each the second sub-friction member and the second end are provided with a pair of the second conductive component.All the first conductive components that are positioned at first sub-friction member the first end are electrically connected on the first electric connection point A with the second conductive component that is positioned at second sub-friction member the second end by wire, and all the first conductive components that are positioned at first sub-friction member the second end are electrically connected on the second electric connection point B with the second conductive component that is positioned at second sub-friction member the second end by wire.
The first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member quantity are corresponding consistent with size, and in sliding process the inner surface of each the first sub-friction member and the inner surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION of one of them the second sub-friction member; Be arranged in first sub-friction member the first end and the second end one of a pair of the first conductive component and contact with the second sub-electrode arranging with the outer surface of the second sub-friction member of this first sub-friction member CONTACT WITH FRICTION all the time, be arranged in second sub-friction member the first end and the second end one of a pair of the second conductive component and contact all the time with the first sub-electrode of the outer surface setting of the first sub-friction member of this second sub-friction member CONTACT WITH FRICTION.Wherein, the first end of described the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member and the second end when being in contact with one another in sliding process or being separated from each other, contact or finally separated end at first.
In above-mentioned revolving frictional generator structure, the quantity of the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member is not limited to two, can also be multiple.The first friction member and the second friction member comprise respectively multiple the first sub-friction members and the second sub-friction member, and multiple the first sub-friction member sizes are identical, relative position is constant and interval is even, the size of multiple the second sub-friction members is identical, relative position is constant and interval is even, and described multiple the first sub-friction member and described multiple the second sub-friction member respectively common combination form concentric plane semicircular ring structure.In other embodiments, the inside radius of described the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member place annulus can be identical or different, and outer radius can be identical or different.
Same, in the sliding process of 0 ° to 90 ° and 180 ° to 270 °, the first sub-friction member skids off from the surface of the second sub-friction member, the contact area of two friction members at the uniform velocity reduces, this process first sub-electrode only contacts with the second conductive component being connected with the first electric connection point A, the second sub-electrode only contacts with the first conductive component being connected with the second electric connection point B, the external output current of triboelectricity machine flows to the second sub-electrode from the first sub-electrode, and electric current flows to the second electric connection point B from the first electric connection point A.
In the sliding process of 90 ° to 180 ° and 270 ° to 360 °, the first sub-friction member slides into from the surface of the second sub-friction member, the contact area of two friction members at the uniform velocity increases, this process first sub-electrode only contacts with the second conductive component being connected with the second electric connection point B, the second sub-electrode only contacts with the first conductive component being connected with the first electric connection point A, the external output current of triboelectricity machine flows to the first sub-electrode from the second sub-electrode, therefore electric current still flows to the second electric connection point B from the first electric connection point A through external resistance, thereby no matter realize in sliding friction generator the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member relative sliding and which stage can export equidirectional electric current in.
Fig. 7 shows the revolving frictional generator structure chart of exporting constant current in third embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 7, in the present embodiment, the structure of this revolving frictional generator is basic identical with the revolving frictional generator providing in the first embodiment, difference is that the first friction member 22 and the second friction member 25 are the column structure that cross section is semicircular ring, the first electrode 21 contacts are arranged at the outer surface of the first friction member 22, the second electrode 24 contacts are arranged at the inner surface of the second friction member 25, and the mutual CONTACT WITH FRICTION of outer surface of the inner surface of the first friction member 22 and the second friction member 25; Semicircular ring first end of the first friction member 22 and the outer surface of the second end are respectively arranged with semicircular ring first end of geostationary a pair of the first conductive component 231,232, the second friction members 25 in its position and the inner surface place of the second end and are respectively arranged with and geostationary a pair of the second conductive component 261,262 in its position; Described two the first conductive components 231,232 and the first friction member 22 mechanical connections, described two the second conductive components 261,262 and the second friction member 25 mechanical connections.The first conductive component 232 that is positioned at the first friction member 22 first ends is electrically connected on the first electric connection point A with the second conductive component 262 that is positioned at the second friction member 25 first ends by wire, and the first conductive component 231 that is positioned at the first friction member 22 second ends is electrically connected on the second electric connection point B with the second conductive component 261 that is positioned at the second friction member 25 second ends.Wherein, the first end of described the first friction member and the second friction member and the second end when being in contact with one another in sliding process or being separated from each other, contact or finally separated end at first.
The inner surface of described the first friction member 22 can relative the second friction member 25 outer surface doing at the uniform velocity friction slip clockwise or counterclockwise, and in sliding process, one of them in described a pair of the second conductive component 261,262 electrically contacts with the inner surface of the first electrode 21 all the time, and one of them in a pair of the first conductive component 231,232 electrically contacts with the outer surface of the second electrode 24 all the time.And the electric connection point that the second conductive component that the first conductive component electrically contacting from the second electrode and the first electrode electrically contact simultaneously connects is different.
Fig. 8 shows the fundamental diagram of exporting the revolving frictional generator of constant current in the present invention in the 3rd embodiment.As shown in Figure 8, same the first embodiment of the operation principle of revolving frictional generator in this embodiment.
In the sliding process of 0 ° to 180 °, the first friction member 22 skids off from the surface of the second friction member 25, 21, this process first electrode contacts with the second conductive component 262, the second 24, electrode contacts with the first conductive component 231, the external output current of triboelectricity machine flows to the second electrode 24 from the first electrode 21, flow to the first conductive component 231 from the second conductive component 262 through external resistance, and because the first conductive component 231 and the second conductive component 261 have common the second electric connection point B, the first conductive component 232 and the second conductive component 262 have common the first electric connection point A, therefore in this process, electric current flows to the second electric connection point B from the first electric connection point A.
In the sliding process of 180 ° to 360 °, the first friction member 22 slides into from the surface of the second friction member 25, 21, this process first electrode contacts with the second conductive component 261, the second 24, electrode contacts with the first conductive component 232, the external output current of triboelectricity machine flows to the first electrode 21 from the second electrode 24, be that electric current flows to the second conductive component 261 from the first conductive component 231 through external resistance, therefore electric current still flows to the second electric connection point B from the first electric connection point A through external resistance, thereby realize the oppositely polarity inversion of output current in sliding friction generator.
Fig. 9 shows the revolving frictional generator structure chart of exporting constant current in fourth embodiment of the invention.In this embodiment, the structure of revolving frictional generator is substantially the same with the 3rd embodiment.As shown in Figure 9, this revolving frictional generator comprises the first friction member and the second friction member, the first friction member comprises two the first sub-friction members, the second friction member comprises two the second sub-friction members, and described two the first sub-friction member size is identical, relative position is constant and interval is even, the size of multiple the second sub-friction members is identical, relative position is constant and interval is even, and described two the first sub-friction members and described two the second sub-friction members are respectively the column structure that cross section is quadrant ring.On the inner surface of the outer surface of each described the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member, contact respectively and be provided with the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode, and the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode are also the column structure that its cross section is quadrant ring.The first end of each the first sub-friction member and the second end are provided with a pair of the first conductive component, and the first end of each the second sub-friction member and the second end are provided with a pair of the second conductive component.All the first conductive components that are positioned at first sub-friction member the first end are electrically connected on the first electric connection point A with the second conductive component that is positioned at second sub-friction member the second end by wire, and all the first conductive components that are positioned at first sub-friction member the second end are electrically connected on the second electric connection point B with the second conductive component that is positioned at second sub-friction member the second end by wire.
The first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member quantity are corresponding consistent with size, and in sliding process the inner surface of each the first sub-friction member and the outer surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION of one of them the second sub-friction member, being arranged in first sub-friction member the first end and the second end one of a pair of the first conductive component contacts with the second sub-electrode arranging with the inner surface of the second sub-friction member of this first sub-friction member CONTACT WITH FRICTION all the time, being arranged in second sub-friction member the first end and the second end one of a pair of the second conductive component contacts with the first sub-electrode arranging with the outer surface of the first sub-friction member of this second sub-friction member CONTACT WITH FRICTION all the time, and the electric connection point that the second conductive component that the first conductive component electrically contacting from the second sub-electrode and the first sub-electrode electrically contact simultaneously connects is different.Wherein, the first end of described the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member and the second end when being in contact with one another in sliding process or being separated from each other, contact or finally separated end at first.In other embodiments of the invention, the height of the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member can be the same or different.
In above-mentioned revolving frictional generator structure, the quantity of the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member is not limited to two, can also be multiple.The first friction member and the second friction member comprise respectively multiple the first sub-friction members and the second sub-friction member, and multiple the first sub-friction member sizes are identical, relative position is constant and interval is even, the size of multiple the second sub-friction members is identical, relative position is constant and interval is even, and described multiple the first sub-friction member and described multiple the second sub-friction member respectively common combination form concentric plane semicircular ring structure.
Similarly, in the sliding process of 0 ° to 90 ° and 180 ° to 270 °, the first sub-friction member skids off from the surface of the second sub-friction member, this process first sub-electrode only contacts with the second conductive component that is connected to the first electric connection point A, the second sub-electrode only contacts with the first conductive component that is connected to the second electric connection point B, the external output current of triboelectricity machine is from the first electrode stream to the second electrode, and electric current flows to the second electric connection point B from the first electric connection point A.
In the sliding process of 90 ° to 180 ° and 270 ° to 360 °, the first sub-friction member slides into from the surface of the second sub-friction member, this process first electrode only contacts with the second conductive component that is connected to the second electric connection point B, the second electrode only contacts with the first conductive component that is connected to the first electric connection point A, the external output current of triboelectricity machine is from the second electrode stream to the first electrode, therefore electric current still flows to the second electric connection point B from the first electric connection point A through external resistance, thereby has realized the oppositely polarity inversion of output current in sliding friction generator.
Wherein, the first friction member and the second friction member can adopt respectively any two kinds in insulating material, semi-conducting material and metal material.The material of friction member has multiple choices:
Insulating material, for example conventional high molecular polymer all has friction electrical characteristics, all can be used as preparation the present invention the first friction member, the material of the second friction member, enumerates some conventional macromolecule polymer materials herein: polytetrafluoroethylene, dimethyl silicone polymer, polyimide film, aniline-formaldehyde resin film, polyformaldehyde film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyethylene glycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, regenerated fiber sponge film, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, staple fibre film, poly-methyl film, methacrylic acid ester film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyester film, polyisobutene film, polyurethane flexible sponge film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, phenolic resins film, neoprene film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film, poly-(vinylidene chloride-co-acrylonitrile) film or polyethylene the third diphenol carbonate thin film, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, Merlon or polymeric liquid crystal copolymer, polychlorobutadiene, polyacrylonitrile, poly-biphenol carbonic ester, CPPG, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride.Reason as space is limited; can not carry out exhaustive to all possible material; only list several concrete polymeric materials herein for technical staff's reference; but obviously these concrete materials can not become the restrictive factor of protection range of the present invention; because under the enlightenment of technical solution of the present invention, the friction electrical characteristics that those skilled in the art has according to these materials are easy to select other similar materials.
With respect to insulator, semiconductor and metal all have the friction electrical characteristics that easily lose electronics.Therefore, semiconductor and metal also can be used as the raw material of preparation the first friction member, the second friction member.Conventional semiconductor comprises: silicon, germanium; III and V compounds of group, such as GaAs, gallium phosphide etc.; II and VI compounds of group, such as cadmium sulfide, zinc sulphide etc.; And the solid solution being formed by III-V compounds of group and II-VI compounds of group, such as gallium aluminum arsenide, gallium arsenic phosphide etc.Except above-mentioned Crystalline Semiconductors, also have amorphous glass semiconductor, organic semiconductor etc.Non-conductive oxide, conductor oxidate and complex oxide also have friction electrical characteristics, can form surface charge at friction process, therefore also can be used as frictional layer of the present invention, the for example oxide of manganese, chromium, iron, copper, also comprises silica, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, cupric oxide, zinc oxide, BiO2 and Y2O3; Conventional metal comprises gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and the alloy being formed by above-mentioned metal.Certainly, can also use other materials with conductive characteristic to serve as the frictional layer material that easily loses electronics, for example indium tin oxide ITO.
The first electrode needs there be good contacting with the first friction member with the second friction member respectively with the second electrode, to guarantee the output performance of generator, can adopt in the method for friction member surface deposition electrode material, at the Surface Contact of friction member, electrode is set, also can prepare friction member and realize at electrode surface the Surface Contact of electrode and friction member.Conventional electrode material can be selected from conventional electrode material, such as the electric conducting material such as metal or conductive oxide.Metal comprises gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and the alloy being formed by above-mentioned metal, such as indium tin oxide ITO of conductive oxide etc.
In other embodiments of the invention, the shape of the first friction member and the second friction member can also have other selections, as long as guarantee in the sliding friction process of the first friction member and the second friction member, contact area at the uniform velocity changes, in the time that contact area is maximum, diminish in (or contact area hour become large), commutate and make the sense of current and size in external circuit constant all the time by conductive component.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. a revolving frictional generator of exporting constant current, it comprises:
The first friction member, comprises at least one first sub-friction member, and a Surface Contact of each described the first sub-friction member is provided with the first sub-electrode;
With constant a pair of the first conductive component of each described the first sub-friction member relative position, lay respectively at the first end and second end of the first sub-friction member;
The second friction member, comprises and the second sub-friction member of described the first sub-friction member equal amount, a Surface Contact of each described the second sub-friction member is provided with the second sub-electrode;
With constant a pair of the second conductive component of each described the second sub-friction member relative position, lay respectively at the first end and second end of the second sub-friction member;
Wherein, all the first conductive components that are positioned at first sub-friction member the first end and all the second conductive components that is positioned at second sub-friction member the first end are electrically connected and form the first electric connection point; All the first conductive components that are positioned at first sub-friction member the second end and all the second conductive components that is positioned at second sub-friction member the second end are electrically connected and form the second electric connection point;
Another surface of described the first sub-friction member can relative the second sub-friction member another surface doing at the uniform velocity friction slip clockwise or counterclockwise; In the sliding process of described sliding friction, one in every pair of described first conductive component electrically contacts with the second sub-electrode all the time, one in every pair of described second conductive component electrically contacts with the first sub-electrode all the time, and the electric connection point that the second conductive component that the first conductive component electrically contacting from the second sub-electrode and the first sub-electrode electrically contact simultaneously connects is different, make in this sliding process, between the first electric connection point and the second electric connection point, produce all the time constant electric current.
2. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member all only comprise one, and is concentric plane semicircular ring structure.
3. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described the first sub-friction member contacts setting with the inner surface of the second sub-friction member, and the inner surface of the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode contacts setting with the first sub-friction member with the outer surface of the second sub-friction member respectively.
4. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member comprise multiple, and multiple the first sub-friction member sizes are identical, relative position is constant and interval is even, the size of multiple the second sub-friction members is identical, relative position is constant and interval is even, and described multiple the first sub-friction member and described multiple the second sub-friction member respectively common combination form concentric plane semicircular ring structure.
5. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the inner surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION all the time of one in each described the first sub-friction member and described multiple the second sub-friction member, the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode are separately positioned on the outer surface of the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member.
6. the revolving frictional generator as described in claim 3 or 5, is characterized in that, one in described every pair of first conductive component electrically contacts with second sub-electrode inner surface/outer surface all the time; One in described every pair of first conductive component electrically contacts with first sub-electrode inner surface/outer surface all the time.
7. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member all only comprise one, and is that cross section is the column structure of concentric semicircles ring.
8. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the outer surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION of the inner surface of described the first sub-friction member and described the second sub-friction member, the first sub-electrode is arranged on the outer surface of the first sub-friction member, and the second sub-electrode is arranged on the inner surface of a described part of the second sub-friction member.
9. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member comprise respectively multiple, and described multiple the first sub-friction member size is identical, relative position is constant and interval is even, described multiple the second sub-friction member sizes are identical, relative position is constant and interval is even; Described multiple the first sub-friction member and multiple the second sub-friction member respectively common combination formation cross section are the column structure of concentric semicircles ring.
10. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the outer surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION of one in the inner surface of each described the first sub-friction member and multiple the second sub-friction member, the first sub-electrode is arranged on the outer surface of the first sub-friction member, and the second sub-electrode is arranged on the inner surface of the second sub-friction member.
11. revolving frictional generators as described in claim 8 or 10, is characterized in that, one in described every pair of first conductive component electrically contacts with second sub-electrode outer surface/inner surface all the time; One in described every pair of second conductive component electrically contacts with first sub-electrode inner surface/outer surface all the time.
12. revolving frictional generators as described in claim 1-11 any one, is characterized in that, electric current flows to the second electric connection point from the first electric connection point all the time.
13. revolving frictional generators as described in claim 1-11 any one, is characterized in that, the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member adopt two kinds of different materials of electronegativity to make.
14. revolving frictional generators as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member adopt respectively any one in insulating material, semi-conducting material or metal to make.
15. revolving frictional generators as claimed in claim 14, is characterized in that, described the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member adopt macromolecule polymer material to make.
16. revolving frictional generators as claimed in claim 14, is characterized in that, described semi-conducting material comprises Crystalline Semiconductors material, amorphous glass semi-conducting material, organic semiconducting materials.
17. revolving frictional generators as claimed in claim 14, is characterized in that, described metal comprises the alloy that gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium and aforementioned any metal thereof form.
18. revolving frictional generators as described in claim 1-11,14-17 any one, is characterized in that, described the first conductive component and/or the second conductive component are brush.
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