CN103763637A - Stream media broadcasting method and system - Google Patents
Stream media broadcasting method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103763637A CN103763637A CN201410025005.XA CN201410025005A CN103763637A CN 103763637 A CN103763637 A CN 103763637A CN 201410025005 A CN201410025005 A CN 201410025005A CN 103763637 A CN103763637 A CN 103763637A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stream media broadcasting method and system. The stream media broadcasting method comprises the steps that a large file or stream which needs to be broadcasted continuously is divided into multiple small files, the file fragments which are obtained through division are placed on the broadcasting server side to be stored, and the broadcasting server side broadcasts a program according to a request of a broadcasting client side. According to the stream media broadcasting method and system, duo the fact that the large file is divided into the multiple file fragments, the file fragments can be transmitted on the Internet more conveniently and faster, and the influence of the instability of the network bandwidth on the transmission effect is minimized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stream media technology field, particularly a kind of Streaming Media broadcasting method and system thereof.
Background technology
The feature that Streaming Media is broadcast is the arbitrary section of broadcast content that playback terminal can ask to play a complete programs at any time, and no matter whether its content of asking has all downloaded to client.
Streaming Media broadcasts with respect to download type and broadcasts and can significantly strengthen user's experience, and user can jump to fast its interested position and watch, and needn't start anew.In server load, Streaming Media broadcasts also great advantage, owing to only exporting the content of user's request, can effectively save the Service Sources such as bandwidth, disk 10, internal memory, CPU.
Conventional Streaming Media broadcasting method is to read an enterprising line position skew of large file at present, and the pointer offset that server reads file according to the request of client is to suitable position, and then file reading data send to client.This method is owing to being that the enterprising row data of large file read, and there are the following problems: 1) be unfavorable for that CDN accelerates, large file is difficult to accelerate fast moving between node at each; 2) be unfavorable for load balancing, a large amount of read operations is carried in a storage, and disk 10 is difficult to carry out load balancing.
Therefore, how the problems referred to above are solved, be those skilled in the art's research direction place.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Streaming Media broadcasting method and system thereof, method of the present invention is that the large file of broadcast items is cut into numerous clip file, the broadcast content that each clip file comprises the several seconds, each clip file can be play separately, also can be with the broadcasting that is stitched together of adjacent clip file, broadcast service end and send one or more clip file to client according to the playing request of client, the drawback that can effectively avoid conventional flow media broadcasting method to exist, improves the efficiency of broadcast and the flexibility of broadcasting greatly.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of Streaming Media broadcasting method, it comprises the steps:
Large file or the stream play are continuously cut into small documents one by one;
The clip file being syncopated as is placed on to broadcast service end stores;
Broadcast service end according to the request broadcast program of client end of playing back.
Wherein, the small documents large file of playing continuously or stream being cut into one by one comprises following sub-step:
The large file that will broadcast is carried out to format analysis;
According to file format, judge whether to generate header file, if needs, delivery file;
According to GOP, grouping is cut into slices to file, output chip segment file;
Each clip file is described to output index file.
The step of wherein, the large file that broadcast being carried out to format analysis is, according to file multiplexed format and Video coding grouping information, large file is cut into clip file one by one.
Wherein, in the file data of each clip file, comprise coded data and the multiplex data of one or more complete video GOP, comprise and this section of voice data that video is corresponding simultaneously.
Wherein, the clip file being syncopated as is placed on and broadcasts the step that service end stores and comprise:
The logic operation that Streaming Media broadcasts is broadcasting in service end;
Broadcast service end and send corresponding played data to client according to the request of client end of playing back.
Wherein, the communication protocol of described broadcast client and broadcasting server is http, rtmp, rtsp, udp.
Wherein, broadcast service end and comprise following sub-step according to the request broadcast program of client end of playing back:
Analysis request parameter;
Retrieval needs the clip file of broadcasting;
If broadcast items form needs Transmit message head, first file header data are issued to client end of playing back;
By clip file broadcast order, send to one by one client end of playing back.
Wherein, certain part of whole program or request broadcast program is play in client end of playing back request, when the partial content of request broadcast program, using this part play content beginning and end time in whole program point as required parameter.
Wherein, by clip file broadcast order, sending to one by one client end of playing back is to broadcast service end to read program indexing file according to playing request, from index file, read the information of each clip file, if broadcast beginning and end time of clip file, within request broadcast time, judges that this clip file need to send to broadcast client.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a kind of stream media play system also, and it comprises:
Cutting module, for being cut into small documents one by one by large file or the stream play continuously;
Memory module, stores for the clip file being syncopated as being placed on to broadcast service end;
Broadcast module, for broadcasting service end according to the request broadcast program of client end of playing back.
Compared with prior art, the benefit that the present invention brings is:
1) large file being cut into a plurality of small fragment files can more conveniently transmit fast on the internet, and the unstable impact on laser propagation effect of the network bandwidth is dropped to minimum; 2) clip file can be accelerated to move between node easily at each, to CDN, accelerates highly beneficial; 3) clip file can be distributed on each load balancing node easily, is conducive to load balancing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Streaming Media broadcasting method flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the section flow chart of Streaming Media broadcasting method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the segmental file schematic diagram of media broadcasting method of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the playing flow path figure of media broadcasting method of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is media broadcast system composition frame chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to the present invention is above-mentioned, be described in more detail with other technical characterictic and advantage.
First, technical term the present invention being occurred describes:
Playback terminal: the FTP client FTP that Streaming Media broadcasts, comprises the various player software that are arranged in smart mobile phone, PC computer, Set Top Box.
Broadcast service end: the service end system that Streaming Media broadcasts, sends multi-medium data according to the request of playback terminal to playback terminal.
GOP: Video coding grouping, in a grouping, comprise complete decoded video data, do not need with reference to the data in other groupings.
File header data: the data of description of video encoding is the important references that playback terminal is decoded.
Clip file: the small documents cutting out from a large file, each small documents comprises one or more complete GOP data, and adding can independent play-out after file header data.
Header file: the file of include file head data is special clip file.
Index file: describe the file of clip file, comprise the descriptor to one or more clip file in index file, descriptor includes but not limited to that file size, playing duration, broadcast are offset beginning and end time.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, be respectively Streaming Media broadcasting method flow chart of the present invention, the section flow chart of Streaming Media broadcasting method of the present invention, the playing flow path figure of the segmental file schematic diagram of media broadcasting method of the present invention and media broadcasting method of the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of Streaming Media broadcasting method, it comprises the steps:
Step S1: large file or the stream play are continuously cut into small documents one by one, and it specifically comprises following sub-step:
Step S11: to the large file that will broadcast or flow to row format analysis, be, according to file multiplexed format and Video coding grouping information, large file is cut into clip file one by one;
Step S12: judge whether to generate header file according to file format, if needs, delivery file;
Step S13: grouping is cut into slices to file according to GOP, output chip segment file, the coded data and the multiplex data that in the file data of each clip file, comprise one or more complete video GOP, comprise and this section of voice data that video is corresponding simultaneously, the granularity of section need to be determined according to application, can select one or more GOP to be saved as a file; Coordinating and consult Fig. 3, is the segmental file schematic diagram of media broadcasting method of the present invention, and wherein, h is file header data; F is the clip file data of section output; GOP is Video coding grouping.
Step S14: each clip file is described, and output index file, is used one or more index files to describe the information of all sections clip file out, identification id of each program settings, index file is used ID name: ID.idx;
The descriptor of each clip file includes but not limited to: the file size that the byte of 1) take is unit; 2) take second or millisecond is the broadcast duration of unit; 3) take this clip file that second or millisecond be unit broadcast start-stop position in complete broadcast items.
For some multiplexed format, as FLV, MP4, MOV, when section by the file header data that comprise video encoding descriptor with one independently clip file preserve.For the multiplexed format of TS form, do not need independent document retaining head data.
Step S2: the clip file being syncopated as is placed on to broadcast service end and stores; The logic operation that Streaming Media broadcasts is broadcasting in service end.The clip file being syncopated as leaves in the storage of broadcasting service end, broadcasts service end and sends corresponding played data to client according to the request of client end of playing back.The communication protocol of broadcasting client and broadcasting server can be http, rtmp, rtsp, udp etc.Adopt the method for wherein pressing natural time index, its storage directory structure is: ID/YYYY/MM/DD, ID is a significant catalogue for broadcast, television channel or the first-class live TV stream setting of making a video recording.Adopt the method wherein press relative time index, its storage directory position does not limit, can be under a catalogue, and also can be under a plurality of catalogues.
Step S3: broadcast service end according to the request broadcast program of client end of playing back, it comprises following sub-step:
Step S31: analysis request parameter;
Step S32: retrieval needs the clip file of broadcasting;
Step S33: if broadcast items form needs Transmit message head, first file header data are issued to client end of playing back;
Step S34: send to one by one client end of playing back by clip file broadcast order.
The characteristic of broadcasting according to Streaming Media, client end of playing back can ask to play whole program, also can ask certain part of broadcast program.When the partial content of request broadcast program, using this part play content beginning and end time in whole program point as required parameter.As, the content of the 20th second to the 30th second of request broadcast program, transmits time started 20 and end time 30 two parameters to broadcasting service end.
Broadcast service end and read program indexing file according to playing request, from index file, read the information of each clip file, if broadcast beginning and end time of clip file, within request broadcast time, can judge that this clip file need to send to broadcast client.Finally retrieve one or more clip file and send to playback terminal.The video of some form, as FLV, MP4, MOV etc., is needed header file data first to issue before sending clip file.Most video encapsulation format has file header, as FLV, MP4, F4V etc., in this case need to be at the beginning Transmit message head that sends data to client, and file header comprises all metadata that meet media play.
Client end of playing back is used channel (or program) ID and broadcast time request broadcast content.
For live TV stream, for client, channel ID, time started, end time are asked broadcast content.If the time started is 0, represent that request is just in live content.If the end time is 0, the time started is non-zero, represents content afterwards between request from the outset, and this is time shifting broadcasting form (time shifting).Time started and end time are all non-zero, represent one section of on-demand content of request.
For program request stream, client is asked broadcast content with program ID.Add time started, end time, represent request one section of content of beginning relatively.
Server is received after request, according to request content, retrieves one or more fragment files, and these fragment files are sent to client in order continuously.From client, bring in, what server end was sent is a continuous file, but not fragment one by one.
Server and client side's communication protocol is generally HTTP, can be also FTP, RTSP, RTMP etc.
As shown in Figure 5, for a kind of stream media play system composition frame chart of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of stream media play system, it comprises: cutting module 101, memory module 102 and broadcast module 103, wherein
Described cutting module 101, for being cut into small documents one by one by large file or the stream play continuously;
Described memory module 102, stores for the clip file being syncopated as being placed on to broadcast service end;
Described broadcast module 103, for broadcasting service end according to the request broadcast program of client end of playing back.
Described cutting module 101 is specifically to the large file that will broadcast or flow to row format analysis,, according to file multiplexed format and Video coding grouping information, large file is cut into clip file one by one, and judge whether to generate header file according to file format, if needed, delivery file; According to GOP, grouping is cut into slices to file, output chip segment file, the coded data and the multiplex data that in the file data of each clip file, comprise one or more complete video GOP, comprise and this section of voice data that video is corresponding simultaneously, the granularity of section need to be determined according to application, about general 10 seconds that M3U8 broadcasts, playout length is saved as a ts file, and f1ash broadcasts and can select one or more GOP to be saved as a file; Coordinating and consult Fig. 3, is the segmental file schematic diagram of media broadcasting method of the present invention, and wherein, h is file header data; F is the clip file data of section output; GOP is Video coding grouping.
Described cutting module 101 is also for being described each clip file, output index file, use one or more index files to describe the information of all sections clip file out, identification id of each program settings, index file is used ID name: ID.idx;
Wherein, the descriptor of each clip file in described cutting module 101 includes but not limited to: the file size that the byte of 1) take is unit; 2) take second or millisecond is the broadcast duration of unit; 3) take this clip file that second or millisecond be unit broadcast start-stop position in complete broadcast items.
Described memory module 102, specifically leaves the clip file being syncopated as in the storage of broadcasting service end, broadcasts service end and sends corresponding played data to client according to the request of client end of playing back.The communication protocol of broadcasting client and broadcasting server can be http, rtmp, rtsp, udp etc.
Described broadcast module 103, specifically for analysis request parameter, and retrieve the clip file that needs broadcast, if broadcast items form needs Transmit message head, first file header data are issued to client end of playing back, and send to one by one client end of playing back by clip file broadcast order.
In sum, the present invention is cut into numerous clip file by the large file of broadcast items, the broadcast content that each clip file comprises the several seconds, and each clip file can be play separately, also can be with the broadcasting that is stitched together of adjacent clip file.Broadcast service end and send one or more clip file to client according to the playing request of client.
The benefit that this method is brought is: 1) large file being cut into a plurality of small fragment files can more conveniently transmit fast on the internet, and the unstable impact on laser propagation effect of the network bandwidth is dropped to minimum; 2) clip file can be accelerated to move between node easily at each, to CDN, accelerates highly beneficial; 3) clip file can be distributed on each load balancing node easily, is conducive to load balancing.
More than explanation is just illustrative for the purpose of the present invention; and nonrestrictive, those of ordinary skills understand, in the situation that do not depart from the spirit and scope that claim limits; can make many modifications, variation or equivalence, but within all will falling into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a Streaming Media broadcasting method, is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:
Large file or the stream play are continuously cut into small documents one by one;
The clip file being syncopated as is placed on to broadcast service end stores;
Broadcast service end according to the request broadcast program of client end of playing back.
2. a kind of Streaming Media broadcasting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the small documents that the large file of playing continuously or stream are cut into one by one comprises following sub-step:
The large file that will broadcast is carried out to format analysis;
According to file format, judge whether to generate header file, if needs, delivery file;
According to GOP, grouping is cut into slices to file, output chip segment file;
Each clip file is described to output index file.
3. a kind of Streaming Media broadcasting method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the step of the large file that broadcast being carried out to format analysis is, according to file multiplexed format and Video coding grouping information, large file is cut into clip file one by one.
4. a kind of Streaming Media broadcasting method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, comprises coded data and the multiplex data of one or more complete video GOP in the file data of each clip file, comprises and this section of voice data that video is corresponding simultaneously.
5. a kind of Streaming Media broadcasting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the clip file being syncopated as is placed on and broadcasts the step that service end stores and comprise:
The logic operation that Streaming Media broadcasts is broadcasting in service end;
Broadcast service end and send corresponding played data to client according to the request of client end of playing back.
6. a kind of Streaming Media broadcasting method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the communication protocol of described broadcast client and broadcasting server is http, rtmp, rtsp, udp.
7. a kind of Streaming Media broadcasting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, broadcasts service end and comprises following sub-step according to the request broadcast program of client end of playing back:
Analysis request parameter;
Retrieval needs the clip file of broadcasting;
If broadcast items form needs Transmit message head, first file header data are issued to client end of playing back;
By clip file broadcast order, send to one by one client end of playing back.
8. a kind of Streaming Media broadcasting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, certain part of whole program or request broadcast program is play in client end of playing back request, when the partial content of request broadcast program, using this part play content beginning and end time in whole program point as required parameter.
9. a kind of Streaming Media broadcasting method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, by clip file broadcast order, sending to one by one client end of playing back is to broadcast service end to read program indexing file according to playing request, from index file, read the information of each clip file, if broadcast beginning and end time of clip file, within request broadcast time, judges that this clip file need to send to broadcast client.
10. a stream media play system, is characterized in that, it comprises:
Cutting module, for being cut into small documents one by one by large file or the stream play continuously;
Memory module, stores for the clip file being syncopated as being placed on to broadcast service end;
Broadcast module, for broadcasting service end according to the request broadcast program of client end of playing back.
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