The player method of media file, apparatus and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to multimedia technology field, more particularly to a kind of player method of media file, apparatus and system.
Background technology
With the popularization and development of multimedia technology, the problem being exposed during netcast is increasingly protruded, especially
It is the problem of boot-up speed of player.Because the toggle speed of player is to weigh the important parameter of player capabilities, and such as
It is the key for influenceing player toggle speed that what plays media file.
Correlation technique when the broadcasting of media file is carried out, using the following two kinds mode:
Mode one:Optimization needs the media file played, including the media file information of playback of media files parameter to add
In media file after optimization, consequently facilitating player can parse media file letter from the media file after optimization
Breath, while optimizing the modules of player on each platform, lifts the performance of the modules of player, so as to play matchmaker
Body file.
Mode two:In media file information addition including playback of media files parameter media file after optimization, will
The media file played is needed to be divided into a series of with PAT (Program Association Table, Program Association Table)
And PMT(Program Map Table, Program Map Table)Code stream, when point of penetration be divide code stream when, can directly parse and cut
The code stream for entering, and then the play parameter of the media file for needing to play is obtained from media file, when point of penetration is in two code streams
Between when, a upper code stream download after the completion of, parsed by next code stream, from media file obtain media text
Part play parameter, and then media file is played according to the playback of media files parameter for getting.
Realize it is of the invention during, inventor find correlation technique at least there is problems with:
Mode one optimization need play media file and player modules when, by player software platform and
Hardware platform limit, optimization space it is limited, even and if media file is optimized, but still need from media file solve
Analysis includes the media file information of playback of media files parameter, causes the startup time of player more long;Mode two works as point of penetration
When between two code streams, after the completion of the download of a upper code stream, next code stream can just be parsed, and from a upper code
Flow down to carry and be accomplished to time for being parsed to next code stream and can not shorten, therefore, correlation technique is when media file is played
Speed is slower.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as correlation technique, a kind of player method of media file, device are the embodiment of the invention provides
And system.The technical scheme is as follows:
First aspect, there is provided a kind of player method of media file, methods described includes:
Obtain media file and the media file information including playback of media files parameter;
The media file and media file information are independently transferred to the playing device of media file, make the matchmaker
The playing device of body file plays media file according to the playback of media files parameter parsed from the media file information.
With reference in a first aspect, in the first possible implementation of first aspect, it is described by the media file and
Media file information is independently transferred to the playing device of media file, including:
The media file information is added in the filename of media file;
The filename and the media file that the media file of the media file information will be with the addition of independently are transmitted
To the playing device of the media file.
With reference in a first aspect, in second possible implementation of first aspect, it is described by the media file and
Media file information is independently transferred to the playing device of media file, including:
By in media file information storage to the uniform resource position mark URL for pre-setting;
The URL of the storage media fileinfo was transferred to the broadcasting dress of media file before transmission media file
Put, the media file is transferred to the playing device of the media file again afterwards.
Second aspect, there is provided a kind of player method of media file, methods described includes:
The media file information of individual transmission is obtained, and obtains media file to be played, in the media file information
Including playback of media files parameter;
The media file information is parsed, playback of media files parameter is obtained;
The media file is played according to the playback of media files parameter.
With reference to second aspect, in the first possible implementation of second aspect, the matchmaker for obtaining individual transmission
Body fileinfo, including:
Acquisition with the addition of the filename of the media file of media file information, and be obtained from the filename of the media file
Take media file information.
With reference to second aspect, in second possible implementation of second aspect, the matchmaker for obtaining individual transmission
Body fileinfo, including:
Acquisition with the addition of the URL of media file information, and obtain media file information from the URL.
The third aspect, there is provided a kind of transmitting device of media file, described device includes:
Acquisition module, for obtaining media file and media file information including playback of media files parameter;
Transport module, the broadcasting for the media file and media file information to be independently transferred to media file
Device, makes the playing device of the media file according to the playback of media files parameter parsed from the media file information
Play media file.
With reference to the third aspect, in the first possible implementation of the third aspect, the transport module, including:
First adding device, for the media file information to be added in the filename of media file;
First transmission unit, filename and the media for the media file of the media file information will to be with the addition of
File is independently transferred to the playing device of the media file.
With reference to the third aspect, in second possible implementation of the third aspect, the transport module, including:
Second adding device, for the media file information to be added into the uniform resource position mark URL for pre-setting
In;
Second transmission unit, for the URL of the storage media fileinfo to be transferred to before transmission media file
The playing device of media file, the media file is transferred to the playing device of the media file again afterwards.
Fourth aspect, there is provided a kind of playing device of media file, described device includes:
First acquisition module, the media file information for obtaining individual transmission, the media file information includes matchmaker
Body file play parameter;
Second acquisition module, for obtaining media file to be played,
Parsing module, for the media file information to be parsed, obtains playback of media files parameter;
Playing module, for playing the media file according to the playback of media files parameter.
With reference to fourth aspect, in the first possible implementation of fourth aspect, first acquisition module, bag
Include:
First acquisition unit, the filename for obtaining the media file that with the addition of media file information;
Second acquisition unit, for obtaining media file information from the filename of the media file.
With reference to fourth aspect, in second possible implementation of fourth aspect, first acquisition module, bag
Include:
3rd acquiring unit, the URL of media file information is with the addition of for obtaining;
4th acquiring unit, for obtaining media file information from the URL.
5th aspect, there is provided a kind of system for playing media file, the system includes:The transmitting device of media file
With the playing device of media file;
The transmitting device of media file of the transmitting device of the media file as described in the third aspect;
The playing device of media file of the playing device of the media file as described in fourth aspect.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention is brought is:
By obtaining media file and media file information including playback of media files parameter, and by media file and matchmaker
Body fileinfo individual transmission to media file playing device, due to the playing device of media file need not parse media text
Part, so that it may media file is played according to the playback of media files parameter parsed from media file information, thus improves matchmaker
Body file broadcasting speed.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be to that will make needed for embodiment description
Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of player method flow chart of media file that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided;
Fig. 2 is the player method flow chart of another media file that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided;
Fig. 3 is a kind of player method flow chart of media file that the embodiment of the present invention two is provided;
Fig. 4 is a kind of transmitting device structural representation of media file that the embodiment of the present invention three is provided;
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural representation of transport module that the embodiment of the present invention three is provided;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of another transport module that the embodiment of the present invention three is provided;
Fig. 7 is a kind of playing device structural representation of media file that the embodiment of the present invention four is provided;
Fig. 8 is a kind of structural representation of first acquisition module that the embodiment of the present invention four is provided;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of another first acquisition module that the embodiment of the present invention four is provided;
Figure 10 is a kind of transmitting device structural representation of media file that the embodiment of the present invention five is provided;
Figure 11 is a kind of playing device structural representation of media file that the embodiment of the present invention six is provided;
Figure 12 is a kind of Play System of media file that the embodiment of the present invention seven is provided.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
A kind of player method of media file is the embodiment of the invention provides, the party is performed with the transmitting device of media file
As a example by the angle of method, referring to Fig. 1, the method flow that the present embodiment is provided includes:
101:Obtain media file and the media file information including playback of media files parameter.
102:Media file and media file information are independently transferred to the playing device of media file, make media text
The playing device of part plays media file according to the playback of media files parameter parsed from media file information.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, media file and media file information are independently transferred to media file
Playing device, including:
Media file information is added in the filename of media file;
The filename and media file that the media file of media file information will be with the addition of independently are transferred to media text
The playing device of part.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, media file and media file information are independently transferred to media file
Playing device, including:
By in media file information storage to the uniform resource position mark URL for pre-setting;
The URL of storage media fileinfo was transferred to the playing device of media file before transmission media file, it
Media file is transferred to the playing device of media file again afterwards.
By taking the angle that the playing device of media file performs the method as an example, referring to the method stream that Fig. 2, the present embodiment are provided
Journey includes:
201:The media file information of individual transmission is obtained, and obtains media file to be played, in media file information
Including playback of media files parameter.
202:Media file information is parsed, playback of media files parameter is obtained.
203:Media file is played according to playback of media files parameter.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, the media file information of individual transmission is obtained, including:
Acquisition with the addition of the filename of the media file of media file information, and matchmaker is obtained from the filename of media file
Body fileinfo.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, the media file information of individual transmission is obtained, including:
Acquisition with the addition of the URL of media file information, and media file information is obtained from URL.
Method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by obtain media file and including playback of media files parameter media text
Part information, and by media file and media file information individual transmission to media file playing device, due to media file
Playing device need not parse media file, so that it may be played according to the playback of media files parameter parsed from media file information
Media file, thus improve playback of media files speed.
Embodiment two
With the popularization and development of multimedia body technique, the playing device of network media file is widely used.
Because toggle speed is the important parameter of the playing device performance for weighing network media file, and how to play media file is
The key of the playing device toggle speed of network media file is influenceed, therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of media file
Player method.In order to make it easy to understand, in conjunction with above-described embodiment one content to media file provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Player method carry out that explanation is explained in detail.Referring to Fig. 3, the method flow that the present embodiment is provided includes:
301:Obtain media file and the media file information including playback of media files parameter.
Mode on obtaining media file, including but not limited to using media file coded system encoded media file,
The media file of media file coded system coding is obtained, and the media file that the media file coded system that will be got is encoded
As the media file for getting.
Include the mode of the media file information of playback of media files parameter on obtaining, including but not limited to such as lower section
Formula:
First, using media file information coded system encoded media file information, wherein, the media file information of coding
Include playback of media files parameter;
Secondly, the letter of the media file comprising playback of media files parameter of media file information coded system coding is obtained
Breath, and the media file information comprising playback of media files parameter that will be got is used as the media file information for getting.
Specifically, playback of media files parameter includes but is not limited to the necessary parameter of playback of media files and playback of media files
Optional parameters.Wherein, playback of media files must parameter be parameter indispensable when playing media file, playback of media files is necessary
Parameter includes but is not limited to the PID of the encapsulated type of media file, audio code stream quantity, every code stream(Packet
Identification, PID Packet Identifier), coded format, video code flow quantity, the PID of every code stream etc., the present embodiment is not to matchmaker
Body file is played must the specific restriction of parameter work.Optionally join when playback of media files optional parameters is for broadcasting media file
Number, playback of media files optional parameters include but is not limited to media file where URL, duration, Seek indexes etc., the present embodiment
Do not make specific restriction to playback of media files optional parameters.
302:Media file and media file information are independently transferred to the playing device of media file.
The toggle speed of the playing device of media file when playing media file to improve, the method that the present embodiment is provided
, it is necessary to media file and media file information are independently transmitted before the playing device of media file plays media file
To the playing device of media file, so that the playing device of media file can be according to from media file information in subsequent step
The playback of media files parameter for parsing plays media file.Specifically, by media file and media file information independently
It is transferred to the playing device of media file, including but not limited to the following two kinds mode:
First way:
First, media file information is added in the filename of media file;
On the mode being added to media file information in the filename of media file, media file information can be added
To behind the filename of media file, media file information can be also added to before the filename of media file, in order to
It is easy to subsequently be easy to reading media fileinfo when media file is played, is used in the present embodiment and add media file information
Mode to behind the filename of media file.Certainly, in order to parameters are made a distinction, what the present embodiment was provided
Method will insert parameter separation when media file information is added in the file of media file, also between parameters
Symbol.
Specifically, after media file information being added into the filename of media file, the expression of the filename of media file
Form, including but not limited to following form:
http://url=[being herein the url paths of media file]+[argumnent separator]+[program separator]+[vpid=
Video PID]+[argumnent separator]+[vformat=video code models]+[argumnent separator]+[apid=Audio PIDs]+[ginseng
Number separator]+[aformat=audio coding formats]+[argumnent separator]+[apid=captions PID]+[argumnent separator]+
The related audio frequency and video of+the second program of [sformat=captions coded format]+[program separator], caption information+....Its
In, vpid is the pid value of video flowing, and vformat is video stream format, and apid is audio stream pid value, and aformat is video flowing
Form, spid is the PID of caption stream, and sformat is captions stream format.
Secondly, the filename and media file that will with the addition of the media file of media file information are independently transferred to matchmaker
The playing device of body file.
After media file information is added in the filename of media file, media file information will be with media text
The form of the filename of part is transmitted, therefore, media file information and media file will independently be transferred to media file
Playing device.
The second way:
First, by media file information storage to the uniform resource position mark URL for pre-setting;
Specifically, to the mode in the uniform resource position mark URL for pre-setting, wrapped on by media file information storage
Include but be not limited to the storage of txt file form in URL, with XML file or binary file form, it is user-defined its
His type etc.., to the form of the URL for pre-setting, can be stored using following form on by media file information storage,
Referring to table 1:
Table 1
In order to be able to by media file information storage to URL, the method that the present embodiment is provided is deposited by media file information
, it is necessary to pre-set URL before storing up in URL.Mode on pre-setting URL, the present embodiment is not made to have
The restriction of body, including but not limited to provides URL and sets interface, and setting interface according to the URL for providing sets URL.
Secondly, the URL of storage media fileinfo was transferred to the broadcasting dress of media file before transmission media file
Put, media file is transferred to the playing device of media file again afterwards.
The toggle speed of the playing device of media file when playing media file to improve, shortens media file as far as possible
Playing device according to media file information play media file when reproduction time, the present embodiment provide method can first by
The URL of storage media fileinfo was transferred to the playing device of media file before transmission media file, when being spaced one section
Between after, then the playing device that media file is transferred to media file.On transmission storage media fileinfo URL and
The interval time of media file, the present embodiment does not make specific restriction, can be spaced 1 second, 2 seconds, 3 seconds etc..
303:The playing device of media file obtains the media file information of individual transmission, and obtains media text to be played
Part.
Wherein, playback of media files parameter etc. is included but is not limited in media file information, the present embodiment is not to media text
The content that part information includes makees specific restriction.Because above-mentioned steps 302 distinguish media file and media file information
Individual transmission to media file playing device, therefore, this step will obtain individual transmission on the basis of the above-mentioned steps 302
Media file information and media file to be played, so that the playing device of media file can be according to this step in subsequent step
In the media file information of individual transmission that gets play media file to be played.Specifically, on obtaining individual transmission
Media file information, including but not limited to the following two kinds mode:
First way:Acquisition with the addition of the filename of the media file of media file information, and from the text of media file
Media file information is obtained in part name;
Because media file and media file information to be independently transferred to above-mentioned steps 302 broadcasting of media file
During device, media file information is added in the filename of media file, therefore, for this kind of mode, this step is being obtained
When taking media file information, media file information can be obtained from the filename of media file.
The second way:Acquisition with the addition of the URL of media file information, and media file information is obtained from URL.
Because media file and media file information to be independently transferred to above-mentioned steps 302 broadcasting of media file
During device, media file information is added in the URL of media file information, therefore, for this kind of mode, this step is being obtained
When taking media file information, media file information can be obtained from the URL of media file information.
304:Media file information is parsed, playback of media files parameter is obtained.
In order to play media file, the playing device of media file obtain media file and media file information it
Afterwards, also need the media file information that will be got to be parsed, and then obtain playback of media files parameter.
It is including but not limited to as follows on carrying out media file information to parse the mode for obtaining playback of media files parameter
Two ways:
First way:If the playing device of media file obtains media file information from the filename of media file,
Playback of media files parameter then can be obtained by parsing the filename of media file;
Specifically, if the entitled http of the file of media file://url=[being herein the url paths of media file]+[parameter
Separator]+[program separator]+[vpid=videos PID]+[argumnent separator]+[vformat=video code models]+[parameter
Separator]+[apid=Audio PIDs]+[argumnent separator]+[aformat=audio coding formats]+[argumnent separator]+[apid
=captions PID] the related sound of+the second program of+[argumnent separator]+[sformat=captions coded format]+[program separator]
Video, caption information+..., parsed by media file information, can obtain url paths, the video of media file
The playback of media files parameters such as PID, video code model, Audio PID, audio coding formats, captions PID, captions coded format.
The second way:If the playing device of media file obtains media file information from the URL of media file information,
Playback of media files parameter then can be obtained by parsing the URL of media file information.
Specifically, by taking table one as an example.Parsed by the URL to media file information, playback of media files can be obtained
Parameter, it is that 4, video code flow PID is 1234 such as to get the necessary parameter sound intermediate frequency code stream quantity of playback of media files, media text
URL, duration in part broadcasting optional parameters where media file etc..
Playback of media files parameter including but not limited to playback of media files on obtaining must parameter and media file
Optional parameters etc. is played, playback of media files parameter of the present embodiment not to obtaining makees specific restriction, referring specifically to above-mentioned step
Rapid 301, here is omitted.
305:Media file is played according to playback of media files parameter.
Playback of media files parameter has been obtained due to by media file parse in above-mentioned steps 304, therefore, this step
Suddenly media file will will be played according to the playback of media files parameter for obtaining on the basis of above-mentioned steps 304.
Specifically, when media file is played according to the playback of media files parameter for obtaining, the matchmaker that can be obtained according to parsing
Body file play parameter obtains the modules that the playing device of media file is needed to use when media file is played, for example,
Audio playing module, video playback module, captions playing module etc., the playing device for then starting media file are playing media
The modules needed to use during file, and then the modules of the playing device for passing through media file play media file.Tool
When body is implemented, the playing device of the media file can be installed in player, and the transmitting device of media file can be transmission
Gateway, server of media file etc..
Method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by obtain media file and including playback of media files parameter media text
Part information, and by media file and media file information individual transmission to media file playing device, due to media file
Playing device need not parse media file, so that it may be played according to the playback of media files parameter parsed from media file information
Media file, thus improve playback of media files speed.
Embodiment three
Referring to Fig. 4, a kind of transmitting device of media file is the embodiment of the invention provides, the device includes:
Acquisition module 401, for obtaining media file and media file information including playback of media files parameter;
Transport module 402, the broadcasting for media file and media file information to be independently transferred to media file
Device, makes the playing device of media file play media according to the playback of media files parameter parsed from media file information
File.
Referring to Fig. 5, transport module 402, including:
First adding device 4021, for media file information to be added in the filename of media file;
First transmission unit 4022, filename and media file for the media file of media file information will to be with the addition of
Independently it is transferred to the playing device of media file.
Referring to Fig. 6, transport module 402, including:
Second adding device 4023, for media file information to be added to the uniform resource position mark URL for pre-setting
In;
Second transmission unit 4024, for the URL of storage media fileinfo to be transferred to before transmission media file
The playing device of media file, media file is transferred to the playing device of media file again afterwards.
To sum up, the transmitting device of media file provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by obtaining media file and including media
The media file information of file play parameter, and by media file and media file information individual transmission to media file broadcasting
Device, because the playing device of media file need not parse media file, so that it may according to what is parsed from media file information
Playback of media files parameter plays media file, thus improves playback of media files speed.
Example IV
Referring to Fig. 7, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of playing device of media file, and the device includes:
First acquisition module 701, the media file information for obtaining individual transmission, media file information includes media
File play parameter;
Second acquisition module 702, for obtaining media file to be played,
Parsing module 703, for media file information to be parsed, obtains playback of media files parameter;
Playing module 704, for playing media file according to playback of media files parameter.
Referring to Fig. 8, the first acquisition module 701, including:
First acquisition unit 7011, the filename for obtaining the media file that with the addition of media file information;
Second acquisition unit 7012, for obtaining media file information from the filename of media file.
Referring to Fig. 9, the first acquisition module 701, including:
3rd acquiring unit 7013, the URL of media file information is with the addition of for obtaining;
4th acquiring unit 7014, for obtaining media file information from URL.
The playing device of media file provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the only of playback of media files parameter is included by obtaining
The media file information and media file to be played for writing a biography defeated, and media file information is parsed, obtain for playing
The play parameter of media file, and then media file is played according to playback of media files parameter, due to without from media file
Parsing media file information, thus improve the broadcasting speed of media file.
Embodiment five
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the transmitting device of media file in an implementation method, the transmission dress of the media file
Put including processor 1001, emitter 1002;
Wherein, processor 1001, for obtaining media file and media file information including playback of media files parameter;
Emitter 1002, the broadcasting for media file and media file information to be independently transferred to media file is filled
Put, the playing device of media file is played media text according to the playback of media files parameter parsed from media file information
Part.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, emitter 1002, the text for media file information to be added to media file
In part name;The filename and media file that the media file of media file information will be with the addition of independently are transferred to media file
Playing device.
Used as a kind of preferred embodiment, emitter 1002 is used to be added to media file information the unification for pre-setting
In URLs URL;The URL of storage media fileinfo was transferred to the broadcasting of media file before transmission media file
Device, media file is transferred to the playing device of media file again afterwards.
The transmitting device of media file provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by obtaining media file and being broadcast including media file
Put the media file information of parameter, and by media file and media file information individual transmission to media file playing device,
Because the playing device of media file need not parse media file, so that it may according to the media text parsed from media file information
Part play parameter plays media file, thus improves playback of media files speed.
Embodiment six
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the playing device of media file in one embodiment, the playing device of the media file
Including processor 1101 and receiver 1102;
Wherein, receiver 1102, the media file information for obtaining individual transmission, media file information includes media
File play parameter;
Receiver 1102, is additionally operable to obtain media file to be played;
Processor 1101, for media file information to be parsed, obtains playback of media files parameter;
Processor 1101, is additionally operable to play media file according to playback of media files parameter.
Used as a kind of preferred embodiment, receiver 1102 with the addition of the media file of media file information for obtaining
Filename;Media file information is obtained from the filename of media file.
Used as a kind of preferred embodiment, receiver 1102 with the addition of the URL of media file information for obtaining;From URL
Middle acquisition media file information.
The playing device of media file provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the only of playback of media files parameter is included by obtaining
The media file information and media file to be played for writing a biography defeated, and media file information is parsed, obtain for playing
The play parameter of media file, and then media file is played according to playback of media files parameter, due to without from media file
Parsing media file information, thus improve the broadcasting speed of media file.
Embodiment seven
Referring to Figure 12, a kind of Play System of media file is the embodiment of the invention provides, the system includes:Media file
Transmitting device 1201 and media file playing device 1202;
Wherein, the transmitting device of the transmitting device 1201 of the media file such as media file that embodiment three is provided, specific detailed
See the content of above-described embodiment three, here is omitted;
The playing device 1202 of media file such as example IV provides the playing device of media file, specifically refers to above-mentioned reality
The content of example four is applied, here is omitted.
System provided in an embodiment of the present invention, media file is obtained and including media text by the transmitting device of media file
The media file information of part play parameter, and media file and media file information individual transmission are filled to the broadcasting of media file
Put, because the playing device of media file need not parse media file, so that it may according to the matchmaker parsed from media file information
Body file play parameter plays media file, thus improves playback of media files speed.
It should be noted that:Above-described embodiment provide device play media file when, only with above-mentioned each functional module
Division carry out for example, in practical application, can distribute complete by different functional modules by above-mentioned functions as needed
Into, will the internal structure of device be divided into different functional modules, to complete all or part of function described above.Separately
Outward, the player method embodiment of the transmitting device of the media file that above-described embodiment is provided, playing device, system and media file
Belong to same design, it implements process and refers to embodiment of the method, repeats no more here.
The embodiments of the present invention are for illustration only, and the quality of embodiment is not represented.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realizing that all or part of step of above-described embodiment can be by hardware
To complete, it is also possible to instruct the hardware of correlation to complete by program, described program can be stored in a kind of computer-readable
In storage medium, storage medium mentioned above can be read-only storage, disk or CD etc..
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all it is of the invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.