CN103762496B - Astronomicalc optics frequency comb device based on all solid state femto-second laser - Google Patents
Astronomicalc optics frequency comb device based on all solid state femto-second laser Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of astronomicalc optics frequency comb device based on all solid state femto-second laser, comprise: all solid state femto-second laser, for generation of first laser pulse sequence with the first repetition rate, in described the first laser pulse sequence, comprise the composition of a selected wavelength; Fiber amplifier, for the power of described the first laser pulse sequence is amplified, the operation wavelength of described fiber amplifier comprises described selected wavelength; And fabry-perot tunable filter, for described the first laser pulse sequence is carried out to filtering, thereby output has the second laser pulse sequence of the second repetition rate; Wherein, described the second repetition rate is greater than described the first repetition rate. The present invention is mainly used in the high-accuracy wavelength calibration of the astronomical spectrometer of high-resolution, compare traditional calibration mode and the astronomical light comb calibration mode based on optical fiber laser, the present invention has lower phase noise and Bian Mo suppresses, and can make astronomical spectrometer obtain higher radial velocity precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrafast laser technique field, particularly relate to a kind of based on all solid state femto-second laserAstronomicalc optics frequency comb device.
Background technology
Along with the development of femtosecond laser technology, the optical frequency com based on femtosecond laser is at accurate spectrum in recent yearsThe fields such as, opctical frequency standard, physics constant are measured, the range finding of light comb all have a wide range of applications. ParticularlyIn astronomical field, astronomer carry out terrestrial planet detection, cosmic expansion tachometric survey etc. need high-precisionIn the research of the degree radial velocity, need a kind of skill that can carry out to astronomical spectrometer high-accuracy wavelength calibrationArt, astronomicalc optics frequency comb is exactly a kind of so suitable instrument.
Optical frequency com can be exported the light frequency of a series of separation with identical longitudinal mode spacing, just as oneRuler is the same, is well suited for doing the calibration tool of spectrometer. But the distinguishing of the astronomical spectrometer of high-resolution at presentCan be at 20GHz between 30GHz, that is to say the longitudinal mode spacing (complex frequency of weighing again) of optical frequency comAlso to can be distinguished by astronomical spectrometer in this magnitude, and common optical frequency com repetition rateBe to arrive 1GHz magnitude at MHz, therefore need the repetition frequency of taking certain technology to improve optical frequency comRate. Common employing Fabry-Perot-type cavity (being called for short F-P chamber) filtering technique (referring to Theodoresizer,IEEEJournalofQuantumElectronics, Vol25.No.1, (1989)), by regulating F-PThe filtering that the long realization in chamber in chamber is not mated longitudinal mode to seed optical frequency com, thus longitudinal mode spacing improved, obtainThe astronomical light comb of high repetition frequency. This technology is widely adopted, and in order to improve astronomicalc optics after filteringSpectrum narrowing effect, raising F-P chamber stability and the raising limit mould of frequency comb suppress, multiple low finenessesThe scheme of F-P chamber cascade be also suggested and obtained applications well effect (referring to T.Steinmetzetal,ApplPhysB96(2-3)，(2010)）。
At present typical astronomicalc optics frequency comb device can be divided into two classes, and a class is to adopt to mix Er or YbOptical fiber laser is as the fiber optics frequency comb device in source, and another kind of is to adopt ti sapphire laser as sourceAll solid state optical frequency carding device. The former advantage is to compensate easily the introducing of F-P chamber by amplifyingLoss, therefore can adopt two-stage F-P chamber filters solutions; Shortcoming is to make an uproar mutually higher. The latter's advantageBe to make an uproar mutually lower; Shortcoming is amplifying power simply, must adopt complicated amplifying device abilityAmplify; And because the ti sapphire laser adopting in current astronomicalc optics frequency comb does not have amplifying unit, because ofThis cannot adopt two-stage F-P chamber filters solutions, causes the power of astronomicalc optics frequency comb very low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned defect that astronomicalc optics frequency comb of the prior art exists, provide a kind of based onThe astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of all solid state femto-second laser. It is low that this device combines all solid state optical frequency comMake an uproar mutually and the easily advantage of amplification of fiber optics frequency comb, will become the sky with the highest radial velocity certainty of measurementLiterary composition spectrometer scaling system.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of astronomicalc optics frequency comb device, for by havingThe first optical frequency com that the multiple longitudinal modes of the first longitudinal mode spacing form forms and has the as light comb seed sourceThe second optical frequency com of two longitudinal mode spacings, and described the second longitudinal mode spacing is greater than between described the first longitudinal modeEvery; Described astronomicalc optics frequency comb device comprises:
All solid state femto-second laser, for generation of first laser pulse sequence with the first repetition rate, instituteState the composition that comprises a selected wavelength in the first laser pulse sequence; Wherein, by described the first laser pulse orderRow provide described the first optical frequency com;
Fiber amplifier, for the power of described the first laser pulse sequence is amplified, described optical fiber is putThe operation wavelength of large device comprises described selected wavelength;
Fabry-perot tunable filter, for described the first laser pulse sequence is carried out to filtering, thus outputThere is the second laser pulse sequence of the second repetition rate; Wherein, described the second repetition rate is greater than describedOne repetition rate, and provide described the second optical frequency com by described the second laser pulse sequence.
In one embodiment, described astronomicalc optics frequency comb device can also comprise the first locking device,For described first repetition rate of described the first laser pulse sequence and carrier envelope phase drift thereof are lockedFixed to the first external signal reference source.
In one embodiment, described astronomicalc optics frequency comb device can also comprise: tunable continuousLaser instrument, for providing a continuous laser; With the second locking device, for regulating the frequency of described continuous laserRate it is locked to in described multiple longitudinal modes of described the first optical frequency com one without compartment of terrain selectedThe frequency of longitudinal mode; Wherein, determine described the first optical frequency com according to the locked frequency of described continuous laserThe frequency of described selected longitudinal mode.
In one embodiment, described the second locking device can comprise signal projector, acousto-optic frequency shifters,Photodetector and the second electronic lock circuitry phase, described signal projector is locked to a radio frequency reference source, usesIn providing the driving signal of selected frequency to described acousto-optic frequency shifters; Described acousto-optic frequency shifters is used for making described companyContinuous laser produces the frequency displacement identical with described selected frequency size; Described photodetector is used for surveying described companyContinuous laser produces after described frequency displacement the beat signal with the described selected longitudinal mode of described the first optical frequency com; InstituteState the second electronic lock circuitry phase for described beat signal being locked to described selected frequency.
In one embodiment, described astronomicalc optics frequency comb device can also comprise the 3rd locking device,For regulating and lock described fabry-perot tunable filter according to described continuous laser, described continuous to makeThe locked frequency of laser becomes the resonant frequency of described fabry-perot tunable filter.
In one embodiment, described astronomicalc optics frequency comb device can also comprise frequency changer, usesIn described the second optical frequency com is carried out to spectrum conversion or expansion.
In one embodiment, the gain media of described all solid state femto-second laser can be selected from titanium jewel crystalline substanceBody or mix the crystal of Yb, and/or, the fiber medium of described fiber amplifier can for mix Yb single mode orDoubly clad optical fiber. In one embodiment, described selected wavelength can be 1030nm.
In one embodiment, described fabry-perot tunable filter can comprise one or more levels Fabry-Perot cavity; Described Fabry-Perot-type cavity is made up of two high reflective mirrors.
In one embodiment, described the first repetition rate can be selected from the scope of 200MHz-1GHz,Described the second repetition rate can be selected from the scope of 20GHz-30GHz.
The present invention at least has the following advantages:
1), according to the present invention, adopt laser pulse sequence that all solid state femtosecond pulse laser sends as kindSon, can obtain and have the more optical frequency com of high repetition frequency. Like this, when repetition rate is increased to exampleWhile arriving the level of 30GHz as 20GHz, can realize the astronomicalc optics frequency comb of low phase noise. AdoptWith the direct amplifying power of fiber amplifier, provide possibility for the use in two-stage or multistage F-P chamber. Two-stage is lowFineness F-P cavity filter replaces one-level high-fineness F-P cavity filter be conducive to the stable of system and keepTransmitted spectrum width.
2) apparatus of the present invention combine general optical fiber astronomicalc optics frequency comb and titanium jewel astronomicalc optics at presentBoth advantages of frequency comb, are directly amplified in a device low make an uproar mutually seed and optical fiber and realize simultaneously, willBecome and there is minimum visible ray astronomicalc optics frequency comb of making an uproar mutually.
3) the present invention can obtain high repetition frequency at output, high side mode suppression ratio, and wavelength covers visibleThe astronomicalc optics frequency comb of scope, its wavelength stability and reference source are suitable, and can stable for extended periods of time constant.
4) the present invention is mainly used in the high-accuracy wavelength calibration of the astronomical spectrometer of high-resolution, compares tradition calibrationMode and the astronomicalc optics frequency comb calibration mode based on optical fiber laser, the present invention has lower phasePosition noise and Bian Mo suppress, and can make astronomical spectrometer obtain higher radial velocity precision, thereby are class groundThe important astronomical researches such as planet measurement, cosmic expansion tachometric survey provide powerful.
According to the detailed description to the specific embodiment of the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings below, those skilled in the art willMore understand above-mentioned and other objects, advantage and feature of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Hereinafter describe in exemplary and nonrestrictive mode with reference to the accompanying drawings that more of the present invention concrete in detailEmbodiment. In accompanying drawing, identical Reference numeral has indicated same or similar parts or part. Art technologyPersonnel should be appreciated that, these accompanying drawings may not be drawn in proportion. In accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the astronomicalc optics frequency comb based on all solid state femto-second laser according to an embodiment of the inventionThe structural representation of device;
Fig. 2 is the astronomicalc optics frequency comb based on titanium jewel femto-second laser according to an embodiment of the inventionDevice;
Fig. 3 is that all solid state according to an embodiment of the invention femto-second laser is to mix Yb crystal laserAstronomicalc optics frequency comb device;
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are respectively according to the two-stage of the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of different embodiments of the inventionThe filtering mode of fiber amplifier;
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b are respectively according to the frequency of the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of different embodiments of the inventionConverter.
Detailed description of the invention
Astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of the present invention, for being formed by multiple longitudinal modes with the first longitudinal mode spacingThe first optical frequency com form second optical frequency com with the second longitudinal mode spacing as light comb seed source,And the second longitudinal mode spacing is greater than the first longitudinal mode spacing. Fig. 1 is according to an embodiment of the invention based on entirelyThe structural representation of the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of solid-state pulse laser. As shown in Figure 1, of the present inventionAstronomicalc optics frequency comb device can comprise in general manner: complete solid state pulse laser instrument 1011, fiber amplifier102, continuous wave laser 1031, fabry-perot tunable filter 1041, the first locking devices 1012, theTwo locking devices 1032 and the 3rd locking device 1042.
Complete solid state pulse laser instrument 1011 is for generation of first laser pulse sequence with the first repetition rate,In the first laser pulse sequence, comprise the composition of a selected wavelength; The first laser pulse sequence converts in frequency domainIt is the first optical frequency com. The first locking device 1012 is for repeating first of the first laser pulse sequenceFrequency 110 and carrier envelope phase drift (CEO) 111 thereof are locked to the first external signal reference source (figureIn not shown). The locking relation of complete solid state pulse laser instrument 1011 and the first locking device 1012 is as block diagramShown in 101. Fiber amplifier 102 is for amplifying the power of the first laser pulse sequence, and optical fiber is putThe operation wavelength of large device comprises selected wavelength. Continuous wave laser 1031 is tunable, for providing one to connectContinuous laser. The second locking device 1032 is for regulating the frequency of continuous laser and it being locked to without compartment of terrainThe frequency of a selected longitudinal mode in multiple longitudinal modes of the first optical frequency com. Wherein, according to continuous laserLocked frequency is determined the frequency of the selected longitudinal mode of the first optical frequency com. Continuous wave laser 1031 and secondThe locking relation of locking device 1032 is as shown in block diagram 103. Fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 is for rightThe first laser pulse sequence is carried out filtering, thereby output has the second laser pulse order of the second repetition rateRow; Wherein, the second repetition rate is greater than the first repetition rate, and provides second by the second laser pulse sequenceOptical frequency com. The 3rd locking device 1042 is for regulating and lock method Fabry-Perot-type cavity according to continuous laserWave filter 1041, to make the locked frequency of continuous laser become fabry-perot tunable filter 1041Resonant frequency. The locking relation of fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 and the 3rd locking device 1042 is as block diagram104. Frequency changer 105, for carrying out spectrum conversion or expansion by the second optical frequency com.
Complete solid state pulse laser instrument 1011 can be all solid state femto-second laser. All solid state femtosecond laser utensilHave lowlyer make an uproar mutually, the feature of higher repetitive frequency, after amplification filtering, these features also can keep, thereforeCan learn frequency comb for the daylight light comb seed source of high-quality is provided. The gain media of all solid state femto-second laserCan adopt the crystal of flat crystal or cut at Brewster angle, can be titanium gem crystal, mixes the crystalline substance of YbBody or other crystal can be for example Yb:KGW crystal, Yb:YGG crystal or Yb:KYW crystalDeng. All solid state femto-second laser provide femtosecond laser be preferably and comprise that wavelength is the laser arteries and veins of 1030nmRush sequence. Laser pulse sequence is passed through the first locking device 1012 by the repetition rate of laser pulse sequence 110Lock as microwave reference source with CEO111 and an external signal reference source. Microwave reference source can be caesium clock,Hydrogen clock or rubidium clock etc. Fiber amplifier 102 can be made up of the fiber medium of high power semiconductor pump, canDirectly the laser pulse sequence of MHz～GHz magnitude is amplified. For the ripple of ultra-short pulse laserLong, the fiber medium of fiber amplifier can adopt single-mode fiber directly to amplify, and also can choose and mix Yb'sSingle mode or doubly clad optical fiber, be amplified to the power-efficient of laser pulse sequence in 1030nm central wavelengthMore than 1W, to compensate the energy loss of follow-up F-P chamber filtering.
Continuous wave laser 1031 reaches continuous laser and laser pulse sequence by the second locking device 1032Nonseptate locking completely. The continuous laser that continuous wave laser 1031 provides is actually for determining opticsCertain broach frequency of frequency comb, by determining the longitudinal mode number of certain longitudinal mode in optical frequency com, thereby determinesIts frequency is the absolute frequency calibration of optical frequency com. Continuous wave laser 1031 can be that semiconductor is continuousLaser instrument, all-solid state continuous laser or optical fiber continuous wave laser. Can adopt semiconductor pumped or all solid stateContinuous laser pumping, chamber type can be straight chamber or annular chamber, utilizes kerr lens mode locking or saturated absorbing bodyLocked mode is realized ultrashort pulse output. The repetition rate of the ultrashort pulse of output is greater than 200MHz, Ke YiWithin the scope of 200MHz～1GHz. The centre wavelength of continuous laser can be in the spectral region of laser pulse sequenceIn, in the spectrum of continuous laser, can comprise 1030nm spectrum composition. The pulse width of continuous laser canBelow 150fs. Live width for continuous laser does not have too high requirement yet, just can in kHz magnitude.Continuous laser is as the calibration wavelength of the optical frequency of definite optical frequency com, with together warp of laser pulse sequenceCross fabry-perot tunable filter 1041.
Fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 reaches nonseptate complete at continuous laser and laser pulse sequenceAfter locking, determined that by continuous laser the chamber of fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 is long. By the 3rd lockingDevice 1042 locks fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 and continuous laser, thereby makes through power amplificationLight pulse sequence improve repetition rate by described fabry-perot tunable filter 1041. Fabry-Perot-type cavityWave filter 1041 is to expand by the filtering of some longitudinal mode being realized to longitudinal mode spacing, thereby improves repetition rate.Fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 can comprise single-stage or multiple-stage method Fabry-Perot-type cavity (corresponding single-stage respectivelyWave filter and multiple filter). Fabry-Perot-type cavity can be made up of two high reflective mirrors or concave mirror. CanThe high-reflecting film being coated with on the surface of high reflective mirror is to ultrashort pulse zero dispersion. The chamber length of Fabry-Perot-type cavity can beThe 1/n that all solid state femto-second laser chamber is long, the repetition rate that obtains filtered optical frequency com is femtosecondThe n of laser repetition rate doubly. In order to obtain high side mode suppression ratio, single-section filter requires Fabry-PerotThe fineness high (being that lens reflecting rate is high) in sieve chamber, and multiple filter adopts low fineness just can reachThe limit mould inhibition of single-stage, the while can obtain being again greater than the spectral width that sees through of fine single-section filterDegree. Therefore, adopt two-stage fabry-perot tunable filter more suitable. Come for two-stage and above wave filterSay, the requirement of lens reflecting rate can reduce, more than 85% reflectivity just can, the reduction of fineness hasPower, in the adjusting of wave filter and stable, can also ensure high side mode suppression ratio and wide transmitted spectrum model simultaneouslyEnclose.
Frequency changer 105 can be nonlinear crystal, as BBO, PPLN etc.; Also can be high non-lineProperty fiber optic materials, as photonic crystal fiber, draw cone single-mode fiber etc. Frequency multiplication by femtosecond laser, fromThe nonlinear effect such as phase-modulation, four-wave mixing realizes conversion or the expansion of spectrum. In order to ensure high peak valuePower generation nonlinear effect, can first adopt grating pair or prism to femtosecond pulse is compressed, soThe special fiber of rear employing nonlinear crystal or high non-linearity produces visible ray through frequency multiplication or super continuum light spectrumWavelength.
The first locking device 1012, the second locking device 1032 and the 3rd locking device 1042 are respectively by femtosecondLaser lock-on to external microwave reference source, continuous laser lock onto femtosecond laser, Fabry-Perot-type cavity locks ontoContinuous laser, thus realize the closed-loop stabilization of whole optical frequency com, the steady in a long-term 20GHz that is greater than is providedAbove astronomicalc optics frequency comb output. These three locking devices are all to realize whole by electrical feedback controlThe frequency stabilization of astronomicalc optics frequency comb, the order of above-mentioned locking is first femtosecond laser to be locked onto to external microwaveReference source, then continuous laser is locked onto on femtosecond laser, finally Fabry-Perot-type cavity is locked onto continuously and swashOn light, thereby what ensure finally to obtain is the frequency astronomicalc optics frequency to external microwave reference source steady in a long-termComb.
The course of work of astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of the present invention is exemplarily described below in conjunction with Fig. 1.
Repetition rate and the CEO of the femtosecond laser that complete solid state pulse laser instrument 1011 is exported lock onto simultaneouslyOn an external microwave clock, need two phase-locked loop circuits to control respectively repetition rate and CEO here, lockThe method of determining is identical with traditional optical frequency comb locking means. Femtosecond laser after locking with microwave clock is as kindSon is injected in fiber amplifier 102, can adopt Aspheric lenses coupler in optical fiber, through one-level orMulti-stage fiber amplify after, femtosecond laser again through a polarized light beam splitter (PBS) enter Fabry-In Perot cavity wave filter 1041. Continuous laser is locked onto on the femtosecond laser after locking with microwave clock, thisIn extract be the beat signal of continuous laser and femtosecond laser, this beat signal and external microwave clock are carried outPhase demodulation obtains error signal, and then error signal is carried out the controlled electricity of filtering through proportional integral loop againPress, this control voltage is directly defeated by the current drives control pumping light power of continuous laser pumping source, reachContinuous laser locks onto the object of femtosecond laser.
Together be coupled to method with the continuous laser after femtosecond laser locking by same PBS and femtosecond laserIn Fabry-Perot-type cavity filter 1041. The F-P chamber of fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 is to realize repeatingThe key component that frequency improves can be installed respectively piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) on two of a F-P chamber eyeglass,Drive one of them PZT to do low-frequency sweep by external function generator, this PZT is as phase-locked simultaneouslyRing is controlled the long actuator in F-P chamber, and another vibration of being tens kHz provides locking required modulation. WillF-P chamber locks onto on continuous laser, is here to utilize the PZT installing on the eyeglass of two, F-P chamber: onePZT is for modulated laser, and another PZT, for scanning and locking, extracts and sees through swashing continuously of F-P chamberLight, through local oscillator modulation signal, demodulation obtains error signal, and then error signal is passed through proportional integral loop againCarry out the controlled voltage of filtering, this control voltage is inputed to the high-voltage drive control PZT's of PZTFlexible, thus drive the flexible chamber that changes F-P chamber of eyeglass long, reach F-P chamber and lock onto the order of continuous laser. The eyeglass in a F-P chamber can be contained on translation stage, by regulating translation stage to adjust the chamber in F-P chamberLong, make it to grow up to 1/n relation with the vibration chamber of all solid state femto-second laser 1011, obtain the saturating of F-P chamberPenetrating peak is that repetition rate is brought up to n femtosecond laser frequency comb doubly. Adjust continuous laser and femtosecond laser and make itIn F-P chamber conllinear, can utilize the beat frequency of continuous laser and femtosecond laser to measure femtosecond laserThe absolute frequency of individual longitudinal mode, realizes the wavelength scaling that continuous laser is astronomicalc optics frequency comb. Through one-level F-PAfter the filtering of chamber, when improving n times due to repetition rate after filtering, power becomes original 1/n, in order to mendRepay the power of loss, filtering, two are carried out in the secondary F-P chamber of can again pulse being reinjected after fiber amplifierThe chamber length in level F-P chamber can be determined according to the repetition rate of finally wanting to obtain, general astronomicalc optics frequencyIt is proper that comb repetition rate is brought up to 20-30GHz. For by the centre wavelength of astronomicalc optics frequency comb fromInfraredly transform to as seen, the femtosecond laser after two stage filter is coupled into frequency changer 105, ifPower can pass through fiber amplifier and compression not, then focuses on frequency multiplication in nonlinear crystal and produces visible rayAstronomicalc optics frequency comb, or be directly incident in highly nonlinear optical fiber spectrum is expanded to visible waveband.
Fig. 2 is that all solid state according to an embodiment of the invention femto-second laser is 5fs wide range titanium jewel femtosecondThe optical frequency carding device of laser instrument. 5fs wide range titanium jewel femto-second laser comprises pumping source 01, Yi JiyouThe 3rd plane mirror 10, the second plane mirror 09, the first plano-concave mirror 03, titanium jewel gain media 04,The resonator that the second plano-concave mirror 05, the first plane mirror 06 and outgoing mirror 07 form. 5fs wide range titaniumThe locked mode mechanism of jewel femto-second laser is kerr lens mode locking, after meticulous dispersion compensation, realizes bagDraw together the 5fs wide range pulse of an octave spectral region of 1030nm composition. The first locking device 1012 canTo comprise CEO sniffer 12, photodetector (PD) 11, the first electronic lock circuitry phases 1013,Acousto-optic modulator (AOM) 02 and be arranged on the one side of the 3rd plane mirror 10 towards resonator outsidePZT.
The f-to-2f interferometric method that CEO sniffer 12 adopts is surveyed CEO signal. The first electronics is phase-lockedCircuit 1013 is used for repetition rate and the CEO Frequency Locking of 5fs wide range titanium jewel femto-second laser. 5fsWide range pulse separates beam of laser through beam splitter 08, is incident to CEO sniffer 12. CEO surveys dressPut 12 and detect certain CEO signal (being for example greater than 35dB), and CEO signal is inputted to the first electricityIn sub-phase lock circuitry 1013, by negative feedback control AOM02 by CEO semaphore lock to microwave with reference to letterNumber (not shown), the stability of its stability and microwave reference signal is suitable. In like manner by photodetectionThe repetition rate signal that device (PD) 11 is surveyed is locked in stable micro-by the first electronic lock circuitry phase 1013On reference signal wave, so just realize the closed loop locking of wide range titanium brilliancy comb, its stability and microwave referenceSignal stabilization is suitable. A part for the another beam of laser separating from beam splitter 08 is through the 6th plane mirror15 arrive PBS16.
Continuous wave laser is chosen for continuous conductor laser 22, and its tuning range connects in 980-1075nmContinuous adjustable, its live width can be in 500kHz left and right. The output wavelength of continuous conductor laser 22 is selected to flyThe wavelength that comprise in laser second, for example can select wavelength is that 1040nm composition and femtosecond laser do beat frequency.What beat frequency locking adopted is the second locking device 1032 and stable radio frequency reference source (not shown) twoPart. The second locking device 1032 can comprise signal projector 20, acousto-optic frequency shifters (AOFS) 21,Photodetector 19 and the second electronic lock circuitry phase 1033. Signal projector 20 is locked to an external radio frequencyReference source, for providing the driving signal of selected frequency to acousto-optic frequency shifters 21. Acousto-optic frequency shifters 21 forMake continuous laser produce the frequency displacement identical with selecting frequency size. Photodetector 19 swashs for surveying continuouslyLight produces after frequency displacement the beat signal with the selected longitudinal mode of the first optical frequency com. The second electronic lock circuitry phase1033 for being locked to beat signal selected frequency. Particularly, first signal generator 20 is locked inOn a stable radio frequency reference source, so just can ensure to there is identical stability with radio frequency reference source,Then the selected frequency of acousto-optic frequency shifters 21 is defeated by as the driving signal of 80MHz, from semiconductor in radio frequency reference sourceIn continuous wave laser, the continuous laser out frequency after AOFS21 is added/is subtracted 80MHz, then throughSeven plane mirrors 23 and optical frequency com conllinear together through 1/2nd slides 17 in PBS16Ensure that it has identical polarization state, in PBS18, do afterwards beat frequency. PD19 gathers beat signal alsoBe sent to the second electronic lock circuitry phase 1033, by the second electronic lock circuitry phase 1033, beat signal locked ontoOn the radio frequency reference source of 80MHz, thereby continuous laser is locked onto on femtosecond laser. So just reach lightLearn a certain broach of frequency comb and continuous light continuously every locking.
On the basis of optical frequency com and beat frequency locking, near the spectrum 1030nm of optical frequency com is becomeDivide and be coupled in fiber amplifier 102, wherein the gain fibre of fiber amplifier 102 adopts 12cm to growSingle mode gain fibre is as pre-amplification, and then the main amplification of the long double clad gain fibre of process 3m, by itPower amplification is to 2W. Femtosecond laser after amplification is logical with continuous laser after the 4th plane mirror 13 reflectionsCross the transmission of PBS14 conllinear, and then after the 5th plane mirror 24 reflections, pass through Fabry-Perot simultaneouslySieve cavity filter 1041 finally reaches and is greater than 20GHz repetition rate. Fabry-perot tunable filter 1041Fabry-Perot-type cavity comprise high reflectance eyeglass and PZT two parts, its median filter adopts flat-concave cavity,Its reflectivity is 99.5%, and plated film scope is at 1000-1100nm, and dispersion is 0fs2, flat mirror diameter is 7.5mm,Concave mirror curvature is 500, and diameter is 12.7mm. Adopt ultraviolet glue that the level crossing of 7.5mm is bonded to annularOn PZT. Continuous laser and fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 resonance signals are defeated through PBS26, PD25Enter after the 3rd electronic lock circuitry phase 1043, realize its chamber by the PZT controlling on Fabry-Perot-type cavityLong meticulous control finally reaches locking. What the 3rd electronic lock phase control circuit 1043 adopted is PDH lockingMode, mainly comprises phase discriminator and PID control circuit two parts.
From the optical frequency com of high repetition frequency out wave filter after plane mirror 27,28 reflectionsEnter frequency changer 105 and realize the output of the visible astronomicalc optics frequency comb of wide range. Frequency changer 105Comprise fiber amplifier 29, lens 30, nonlinear crystal 31, lens 32. The ginseng of fiber amplifier 29Number can be identical with fiber amplifier 102, and optical frequency com power amplification is arrived to 2W. Nonlinear crystal 31That adopt is BBO, thereby realizes near visible ray 500nm. So just realize one complete based onThe astronomicalc optics frequency comb of titanium jewel femtosecond laser. Three electronic lock circuitry phases in Fig. 2 are all to pass through electronicsFEEDBACK CONTROL realizes the frequency stabilization of whole astronomical light comb, and these three electronic lock circuitry phase compositions are basic identical,All comprise phase demodulation, proportional integral loop and three parts of actuation control.
Fig. 3 is that all solid state according to an embodiment of the invention femto-second laser is to mix Yb crystal laserAstronomicalc optics frequency comb device. In this embodiment, except all solid state femto-second laser difference, all the other withAstronomicalc optics frequency comb device shown in Fig. 2 is identical. Part shown in Fig. 3 is equivalent to the block diagram 101 in Fig. 2.
In Fig. 3, adopt all solid state Yb:YGG femtosecond laser frequency comb to replace the wide range titanium jewel in Fig. 2Optical frequency com, forms a stylobate in the new astronomical astronomicalc optics frequency comb dress of Yb:YGG femto-second laserPut. As shown in Figure 3, all solid state Yb:YGG femto-second laser comprises LD pumping source 33, and by defeatedGo out coupling mirror 38, the Siping City's concave mirrors 36, Yb:YGG crystal 35, the three plano-concave mirrors 34, plane reflectionMirror 40, the resonator that plane mirror 10 forms. All solid state Yb:YGG femto-second laser adopts Yb:YGGThe kerr lens mode locking of crystal, its emission spectrum composition comprises the femtosecond laser composition of 1030nm, its dispersionThe main GTI of employing mirror compensates, and it is operated near zero dispersion area. From the femtosecond laser of resonator outgoingBe delivered to CEO sniffer 12 by speculum 39. CEO sniffer 12 and the first electronic lock circuitry phase1013 is identical with the embodiment shown in Fig. 2. Adopt the first electronic lock circuitry phase 1013 that CEO is surveyed to dressPutting the repetition rate that 12 mensuration CEO and PD37 record is locked in stable signal source. So just realizeA stable astronomicalc optics frequency comb device based on Yb:YGG femto-second laser.
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are respectively the two-stages of the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of two embodiment according to the present inventionThe filtering mode of fiber amplifier. Fig. 4 a first adopts first fiber amplifier 102 by complete solid state pulse laserThe power amplification of the laser pulse sequence that device 1011 produces, to 2W, is then passed through first order Fabry-PerotCavity filter 1041 obtains 4.5GHz repetition rate, then by space optical coupling to the second fiber amplifierIn 102, power amplification is arrived to 2W left and right, obtain through second level fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 subsequentlyBe greater than the optical frequency com output of 20GHz to repetition rate. Laser pulse sequence in Fig. 4 b is passed through continuouslyTwo-stage fiber amplifier is by its power amplification after about 5W, and then priority is through the first order and second level Fabry-Perot cavity wave filter (being equivalent to secondary fabry-perot tunable filter) obtains repetition rate and is greater than 20GHzOptical frequency com output. For two kinds of above-mentioned filtering modes, can realize based on all solid state femtosecond and swashingThe optical frequency com output of light device.
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b are respectively the frequencies of the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of two embodiment according to the present inventionConverter. Frequency changer shown in Fig. 5 a is by the optical frequency com warp of filtered high repetition frequencyLuminous power is amplified to 15W left and right by fiber amplifier 29, and then adopt grating pair 41,42 paired pulsesCompress, the spectrum of high repetition frequency of then realizing 500nm in BBO nonlinear crystal 32 is defeatedGo out, finally adopt high non-linear photon crystal optical fiber to carry out broadening to 43,44 spectrum. Shown in Fig. 5 bFrequency changer be by the optical frequency com of filtered high repetition frequency through fiber amplifier 29 by luminous powerBe amplified to 15W left and right, then adopt grating pair 41,42 paired pulses to compress, then directly through too high non-Linear photon crystal optical fiber carries out spectrum widening to 43,44, makes its broadening to visible light wave range. These two kindsMode can realize the frequency transformation from infrared light to visible ray. Can be by the frequency changer in Fig. 2 105Replace with any frequency changer shown in Fig. 5, all can realize the astronomy based on all solid state femto-second laserThe frequency inverted of light comb.
So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that and detailedly herein illustrate and described of the present inventionMultiple exemplary embodiments, still, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, still can be according to thisDisclosure of invention is directly determined or is derived many other modification or the amendment that meet the principle of the invention. CauseThis, scope of the present invention should be understood and regard as and cover all these other modification or amendments.
Claims (8)
1. the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device based on all solid state femto-second laser, for vertical by having firstThe first optical frequency com that multiple longitudinal modes of mode spacing form forms and has the second longitudinal mode as light comb seed sourceSecond optical frequency com at interval, and described the second longitudinal mode spacing is greater than described the first longitudinal mode spacing; DescribedAstronomicalc optics frequency comb device comprises:
All solid state femto-second laser, for generation of first laser pulse sequence with the first repetition rate, instituteState the composition that comprises a selected wavelength in the first laser pulse sequence; Wherein, by described the first laser pulse orderRow provide described the first optical frequency com;
Fiber amplifier, for the power of described the first laser pulse sequence is amplified, described optical fiber is putThe operation wavelength of large device comprises described selected wavelength;
Fabry-perot tunable filter, for described the first laser pulse sequence is carried out to filtering, thus outputThere is the second laser pulse sequence of the second repetition rate; Wherein, described the second repetition rate is greater than describedOne repetition rate, and provide described the second optical frequency com by described the second laser pulse sequence;
Tunable continuous wave laser, for providing a continuous laser; With
The second locking device, for regulate the frequency of described continuous laser and it is locked to without compartment of terrain described inThe frequency of a selected longitudinal mode in described multiple longitudinal modes of the first optical frequency com; Wherein, according to described companyThe locked frequency of continuous laser is determined the frequency of the described selected longitudinal mode of described the first optical frequency com.
2. astronomicalc optics frequency comb device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises firstLocking device, for by described the first repetition rate and the carrier envelope phase thereof of described the first laser pulse sequencePosition drift is locked to the first external signal reference source.
3. astronomicalc optics frequency comb device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the 3rdLocking device, for regulating and lock described fabry-perot tunable filter according to described continuous laser, so thatThe locked frequency that obtains described continuous laser becomes the resonant frequency of described fabry-perot tunable filter.
4. according to the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that,Also comprise frequency changer, for described the second optical frequency com is carried out to spectrum conversion or expansion.
5. according to the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that,The gain media of described all solid state femto-second laser is selected from titanium gem crystal or mixes the crystal of Yb, and/or, instituteThe fiber medium of stating fiber amplifier is to mix single mode or the doubly clad optical fiber of Yb.
6. astronomicalc optics frequency comb device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described selected rippleLong is 1030nm.
7. according to the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that,Described fabry-perot tunable filter comprises one or more levels Fabry-Perot-type cavity; Described Fabry-Perot-type cavityFormed by two high reflective mirrors.
8. according to the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that,Described the first repetition rate is selected from the scope of 200MHz-1GHz, and described the second repetition rate is selected fromIn the scope of 20GHz-30GHz.
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| CN106097864B (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2019-03-05 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | A kind of experimental provision and method for simulating the fixed star Doppler radial velocity |
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| CN109031851B (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2021-08-13 | 武汉工程大学 | High-stability portable femtosecond optical comb system based on optical reference and control method |
| CN109031852A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-12-18 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | All solid state femtosecond laser frequency comb system |
| JP2020140033A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-09-03 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | Broadband optical frequency comb light source |
| CN109945903B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2021-06-08 | 安徽大学 | All-fiber structure adjustable cavity gain laser self-mixing vibration, displacement and speed sensing method and system |
| CN110501141A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-26 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | The device and method of the transmittance curve of FP is surveyed using frequency comb light source |
| CN110895339B (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2022-02-25 | 清华大学 | Double-optical-comb multi-pulse distance measuring system and application thereof |
| CN111992544B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-07-26 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Acousto-optic Q double-pulse laser paint removing method |
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