CN103745167B - The IAP method and device of single-chip microcomputer - Google Patents

The IAP method and device of single-chip microcomputer Download PDF

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CN103745167B
CN103745167B CN201310754479.3A CN201310754479A CN103745167B CN 103745167 B CN103745167 B CN 103745167B CN 201310754479 A CN201310754479 A CN 201310754479A CN 103745167 B CN103745167 B CN 103745167B
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iap
data message
module
code
chip microcomputer
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CN103745167A (en
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欧昊
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GUANGDONG LINGNAN PASS CO Ltd
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GUANGDONG LINGNAN PASS CO Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/50—Monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms, e.g. of processors, firmware or operating systems
    • G06F21/57—Certifying or maintaining trusted computer platforms, e.g. secure boots or power-downs, version controls, system software checks, secure updates or assessing vulnerabilities
    • G06F21/572—Secure firmware programming, e.g. of basic input output system [BIOS]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Storage Device Security (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the IAP method and device of a kind of single-chip microcomputer, method includes: obtains IAP code and jumps to IAP code execution initial address in RAM, reads chip information, and configuration interface module is IAP service；Receive outside incoming data message, simultaneously erased memory area by data deciphering operation, the data message being newly received is written in the memory area of this erasing；When reception data message is complete, take out the reseting vector of APP code, jump to start the initial address of APP program.The present invention uses data deciphering operation to receive data message after entering into IAP service, and use the mode that limit receives, limit is wiped, limit writes to process data message, program can form, during running, the mechanism that a machine one is close, can check at any time, therefore have in terms of the safety of the stability run and data and significantly promoted.

Description

The IAP method and device of single-chip microcomputer
Technical field
The present invention relates to Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program upgrading processing technical field, be specifically related to the IAP method and device of a kind of single-chip microcomputer, the IAP method and device of a kind of single-chip microcomputer based on STM32 chip.
Background technology
The online programming of single-chip microcomputer has two kinds of implementation methods at present: in-system programming (ISP) and in-service units (IAP).Flash storage within single-chip microcomputer is programmed by ISP generally by the serial programming interface that single-chip microcomputer is special, and IAP technology is that flash storage is mapped as from structure two memory banks, when the user program run on a memory bank, control can be turned to another from a memory bank by another memory bank reprogramming afterwards.ISP realizes it is generally required to little external circuit auxiliary realizes, and the realization of IAP is more flexible, and the serial port of the most available single-chip microcomputer receives the RS232 mouth of computer, programs internal storage by custom-designed firmware program.ISP and IAP is much like, is all in the case of without chip is unloaded from circuit board, just can reach the purpose of the upgrading of the new procedures version of the DLL (JTAG, serial ports, twisted-pair feeder, SPI etc.) using PC-MCU.It is all one section independent Boot code to be first carried out (this section of Boot code usually dispatches from the factory preset inside MCU, or use programmable device burning, the most only 1k or 4k, SST is typically to take one piece of independent Block, Philips(PHILIPS Co.) it is typically to make BootROM address overlapping with other Flash, to reach hiding effect), Boot is responsible for controlling erasing program storage and to the code (or the outside execution code provided of processor) of program storage programming, then by certain communication mode with PC computer (as, ether network interface), the program storage that the binary code file that certain MCU compiled on PC user specified can run is programmed in MCU.
ISP refers to be programmed in plate level, namely need not tear chip open and get off, and write is whole program, writes generally by ISP interface line.Although IAP is also programmed in plate level, but it is belonging to control oneself and is programmed controlling oneself, it is programmed in the application, namely can simply change certain part and not affect the other parts of system, additionally interface routine is controlled oneself and is write, so can carry out remote upgrade and not affect application, in actual application scenarios, seem more flexible, but still the defect problem in terms of existence and stability, Information Security and data-handling efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the IAP method and device of a kind of single-chip microcomputer, it is possible to make that IAP programming is stable, data are safer, data-handling efficiency is high, to solve the problems referred to above.
The IAP method of a kind of single-chip microcomputer that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprises the steps:
A: obtain IAP code and jump to IAP code execution initial address in RAM, reads chip information, and described chip information includes: capacity, page size, serial number；Configuration interface module is IAP service；
B: receive outside incoming data message, simultaneously erased memory area by data deciphering operation, the data message being newly received is written in the memory area of this erasing；
C: the data message that inspection receives is the most complete, if it is, perform step D, if it is not, then restart process；
D: take out the reseting vector of APP code, jumps to start the initial address of APP program.
Preferably, using 3DES AES to read 32 UID and issued the host computer of single-chip microcomputer before step A, using these 32 UID as key, in described step B, data deciphering operation includes doing deciphering computing with corresponding 3DES algorithm.
Preferably, also include A0 before described step A: judge whether message indicates with upgrading, if; then perform step A, and when the data message that inspection receives is complete, read-write protection is first set; step D is performed again, if it is not, then end processes after erasing upgrading mark.
Preferably, when judging message with upgrading mark, continue to judge that APP code is the most complete, if completely, then perform step A, if imperfect, then terminate to process.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides the IAP device of a kind of single-chip microcomputer, including:
Initial configuration module, for obtaining IAP code and jumping to IAP code execution initial address in RAM, reads chip information, and described chip information includes: capacity, page size, serial number；Configuration interface module is IAP service；
Decryption oprerations module, for receiving outside incoming data message, simultaneously erased memory area by data deciphering operation, is written to the data message being newly received in the memory area of this erasing；
Message inspection module, the data message received for inspection is the most complete, if it is, perform upgrading reseting module, if it is not, then restart process；
Upgrading reseting module, for taking out the reseting vector of APP code, jumps to start the initial address of APP program.
Preferably, also include: encryption processing module, using 3DES AES to read 32 UID before performing in initial configuration module and issue the host computer of single-chip microcomputer, using these 32 UID as key, in decryption oprerations module, data deciphering operation includes doing deciphering computing with corresponding 3DES algorithm.
Preferably; also include: upgrading judge module; for judging that before performing initial configuration module whether message is with upgrading mark; if it is, perform initial configuration module, and when the data message that inspection receives is complete; read-write protection is first set; upgrading reseting module is performed again, if it is not, then end processes after erasing upgrading mark.
Preferably, also include: APP inspection module, for when judging message with upgrading mark, continue to judge that APP code is the most complete, if completely, then perform initial configuration module, if imperfect, then terminate to process.
Technique scheme can be seen that, owing to the embodiment of the present invention uses data deciphering operation to receive data message after entering into IAP service, and use the mode that limit receives, limit is wiped, limit writes to process data message, program can form, during running, the mechanism that a machine one is close, can check at any time, therefore have in terms of the safety of the stability run and data and significantly promoted.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art will be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the IAP method of single-chip microcomputer in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the IAP method of single-chip microcomputer in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, all other embodiments that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of IAP method of single-chip microcomputer, and as a example by STM32 series monolithic, and other types single-chip microcomputer only need to make accommodation in parameter, and differ a citing herein.
As it is shown in figure 1, the IAP method of this single-chip microcomputer comprises the steps.
Step 101: obtain IAP code and jump to IAP code execution initial address in RAM, reads chip information, and described chip information includes: capacity, page size, serial number；Configuration interface module is IAP service.In this step, this interface module is RS232 interface module or usb interface module, it is possible to making single-chip microcomputer be connected more stable with the communication of host computer, versatility is higher.
Capacity in this step chips information, page size, sequence number information can help to set up between single-chip microcomputer and single-chip microcomputer efficient communication, the data cube computation relation between fast verification single-chip microcomputer and host computer, prepare for application programming.
Step 102: receive outside incoming data message, simultaneously erased memory area by data deciphering operation, the data message being newly received is written in the memory area of this erasing.
In this step, single-chip microcomputer self generates a password, then in-service units is sent to its host computer before starting, by host computer according to this password generated key, single-chip microcomputer uses the corresponding decipherment algorithm of host computer to carry out data deciphering operation, receives this data message after successful decryption.
In order to realize the reasonable application in space further, and ensure the renewal of program code in time, can be while receiving data message in this step, limit erasing memory area, while be written to the data message newly received in the memory area of this erasing.
Step 103: the data message that inspection receives is the most complete.
In this step, if the data message received is complete, then explanation application programming smoothly completes, can enter into next step 104；If the data message received is the most imperfect, then explanation application programming encounters relevant problem, such as communicating interrupt, data receiver unsuccessfully etc., needs to enter into step 105: restart process, restart process herein, i.e. jump at the start address that program is run.
Step 104: take out the writing a Chinese character in simplified form of APP(application, is therefore referred to as application) reseting vector of code, jump to start the initial address of APP program.
In this step, the data message of application programming has updated, therefore, need again to be turned back to APP program, first the reseting vector of APP code is taken out, for realizing the timely recovery of APP program, when after the reseting vector taking out APP code, according to this reseting vector, jump to start the initial address of APP program, it is achieved that IAP to APP runs conversion.
Embodiment 2:
The embodiment of the present invention, based on embodiment 1, is made more specific perfect, to realize corresponding functional effect further.
As shown in Figure 2, the embodiment of the present invention is before ROMPaq (i.e. IAP) starts, perform step 201: using 3DES AES to read 32 UID(user identity proves, the abbreviation of User Identification) issue the host computer of single-chip microcomputer, using these 32 UID as key, therefore, in terms of code encryption, embodiment of the present invention method uses 3DES AES, by reading 32 UID, and issue host computer from serial ports before upgrading, key encryption and decryption is done with this, thus form the mechanism that a machine one is close, there is more preferable safety, program operation process can be checked at any time.
Then step 202 is performed: judge that whether message is with upgrading mark.It is appreciated that the embodiment of the present invention increases upgrading mark and program upgrading can be made to be quickly identified, adds the efficiency of program upgrading.If in message and not with upgrading mark, then illustrate that this program, without upgrading, can directly terminate to process；If with upgrading mark in message, then next step can be continued to run with, it is achieved ROMPaq.When the embodiment of the present invention indicates with upgrading in judging message, may proceed to judge that APP code is the most complete, if APP code is imperfect, then need end to process, if APP code is complete, then prove the essential condition having possessed program upgrading.
Therefore, performing step 204: obtain IAP code and jump to IAP code execution initial address in RAM, read chip information, described chip information includes: capacity, page size, serial number；Configuration interface module is IAP service.This step and the step 101 in above-described embodiment 1 are identical in principle, specifically may refer to the description in above-described embodiment 1, repeat the most one by one.
After setting up the preparatory condition of program upgrading in step 204, in step 205, receive outside incoming data message by data deciphering operation, wait for downloads.Owing to being encrypted with 3DES AES in step 201, therefore the data deciphering in step 205 operates as to do deciphering computing with corresponding 3DES algorithm.Once obtain decryption oprerations, then start to receive data message, now can there is certain waiting time, i.e. waiting for downloads, therefore, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system still can carry out step 206: judges that wait is the most overtime, if waiting time-out, then need to perform step 212: restart process, the embodiment of the present invention restarts and processes the beginning step referring to enter into program, i.e. performed by step 201；If waiting and having not timed out, then perform step 207, i.e. normally enter downloading process, limit receives data, and limit erasing memory area, while write the memory area of this erasing by newly received data message, ensure that the reasonable application of data space, it is also possible to refresh the program code after updating in time.
Owing to existence is downloaded and the action of write, therefore, the most also need to perform step 208, remain as and judge that wait is the most overtime, if it times out, remain a need for entering step 212: restart process；If waiting and having not timed out, then explanation is downloaded smooth, now with the action of write, perform step 209: the data message that inspection receives is the most complete, the most complete data message can be employed, and the most once data message is imperfect, then enter into step 212: restart process；If data message is complete, then read-me upgrades successfully, and code write is accurate, now needs to perform step 210: arrange read-write protection, erasing upgrading mark.In this case, it is possible to ensure that data message, by the execution of safety, is not affected by external condition, after upgrading completes, erasing upgrading mark is needed, it is to avoid the phenomenon of repeatedly upgrading occurs.
When after upgrading mark erasing, perform step 211: take out the reseting vector of APP code, jump to start the initial address of APP program.This step and the step 104 in above-described embodiment 1 are identical in principle, and particular content may refer to the description of embodiment 1, does not repeats.
By technique scheme it can be seen that STM32 series monolithic is under read protection state, only allow the read operation (starting with non-debud mode) to main flash memorizer from personal code work from main flash memorizer.By performing the operation of code access main flash memorizer from built-in SRAM or FSMC, by DMA1, DMA2, JTAG, SWV (string line viewer), SWD (string line debugging), ETM and boundary scan mode, the access of flash memory all will be prohibited.
Under read protection state, the most front 4KByte of main flash is write-protected automatically, and write-protect is in units of 4KByte.Program with half-word (16) as unit, time 40us ~ 70us, before programming, require that correspondence position content is 0xffff.Under 115.2Kbps baud rate, receive page 1 (setting 1KB), take 1K* (1b+8b+1b)/115200bps=88.89ms.Wipe page 1 and take (at most) 40ms, program 1KB and take 1KB/ (2B/ half-word) * 70us=35.84ms.The time that code performs is 88.89-40-35.84=13ms, and the singlechip chip for STM32 series has reserved the sufficient process time.
In terms of code integrity verification, the integrity of data is detected by the mode using XOR redundancy check bit in embodiment of the present invention method, judge MSP value and the legitimacy of reseting vector value that vector table starts most simultaneously, reseting vector points to application program region, in this method, before main flash, 4KB is IAP program area, after residual capacity be APP program area.
In terms of code encryption, embodiment of the present invention method uses 3DES AES, by reading 32 UID, and issue host computer from serial ports before upgrading, do key encryption and decryption with this, thus form the mechanism that a machine one is close, program operation process can be checked at any time.
When erasing or programming, this method will cause CPU operation suspension by operating from the fetching of FLASH, IAP program is responsible for copy in RAM containing the content of interrupt vector table 4KB altogether totally, then branch to RAM continues to run with, need in this process to make offside inspection, it is ensured that program will not be affected by 32 bit address jump instructions (i.e. this instruction redirected by depositor of BX and BLX).
For code security, need read protection to be constantly in opening, reset every time; boot (the IAP part in embodiment of the present invention method) program all checks; no matter IAP downloads or APP operation, all need not release read protection, and read protection can attach this 4KB space of write-protect IAP code.
Embodiment 3:
Embodiments provide the IAP device of a kind of single-chip microcomputer, including:
Initial configuration module, for obtaining IAP code and jumping to IAP code execution initial address in RAM, reads chip information, and described chip information includes: capacity, page size, serial number；Configuration interface module is IAP service；
Decryption oprerations module, for receiving outside incoming data message, simultaneously erased memory area by data deciphering operation, is written to the data message being newly received in the memory area of this erasing；
Message inspection module, the data message received for inspection is the most complete, if it is, perform upgrading reseting module, if it is not, then restart process；
Upgrading reseting module, for taking out the reseting vector of APP code, jumps to start the initial address of APP program.
Specifically, also include: encryption processing module, using 3DES AES to read 32 UID before performing in initial configuration module and issue the host computer of single-chip microcomputer, using these 32 UID as key, in decryption oprerations module, data deciphering operation includes doing deciphering computing with corresponding 3DES algorithm.
Specifically; also include: upgrading judge module; for judging that before performing initial configuration module whether message is with upgrading mark; if it is, perform initial configuration module, and when the data message that inspection receives is complete; read-write protection is first set; upgrading reseting module is performed again, if it is not, then end processes after erasing upgrading mark.
Specifically, also include: APP inspection module, for when judging message with upgrading mark, continue to judge that APP code is the most complete, if completely, then perform initial configuration module, if imperfect, then terminate to process.
It should be noted that contents such as mutual, the execution processes of information between said apparatus and intrasystem each unit, due to the inventive method embodiment based on same design, particular content can be found in the narration in the inventive method embodiment, and here is omitted.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step in the various methods of above-described embodiment can be by program and completes to instruct relevant hardware, this program can be stored in a computer-readable recording medium, storage medium may include that read only memory (ROM, Read Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or CD etc..
The IAP method and device of a kind of single-chip microcomputer provided the embodiment of the present invention above is described in detail, principle and the embodiment of the present invention are set forth by specific case used herein, and the explanation of above example is only intended to help to understand method and the core concept thereof of the present invention；Simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the thought of the present invention, the most all will change, in sum, this specification content should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the IAP method of single-chip microcomputer, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
A: obtain IAP code and jump to IAP code execution initial address in RAM, reads chip Information, described chip information includes: capacity, page size, serial number；Configuration interface module is IAP Service；
B: operated by data deciphering and receive outside incoming data message, simultaneously erased memory area, The data message being newly received is written in the memory area of this erasing；
C: the data message that inspection receives is the most complete, if it is, perform step D, if it does not, Then restart process；
D: take out the reseting vector of APP code, jumps to start the initial address of APP program；
Use 3DES AES to read 32 UID before step A and issue the host computer of single-chip microcomputer, with These 32 UID are as key, and in described step B, data deciphering operation includes calculating with corresponding 3DES Method does deciphering computing；
Described step B is receiving while data message, limit erasing memory area, while will newly receive Data message is written in the memory area of this erasing.
2. the IAP method of single-chip microcomputer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also wrap before described step A Include A0: judge that message, whether with upgrading mark, if it is, perform step A, and works as inspection When the data message that receives is complete, read-write protection is first set, after erasing upgrading mark, performs step again Rapid D, if it is not, then end processes.
3. the IAP method of single-chip microcomputer as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that when judge message with During upgrading mark, continue to judge that APP code is the most complete, if completely, then perform step A, If imperfect, then terminate to process.
4. the IAP device of single-chip microcomputer, it is characterised in that including:
Initial configuration module, is used for obtaining IAP code and jumping to the execution in RAM of the IAP code rising Beginning address, reads chip information, and described chip information includes: capacity, page size, serial number；
Configuration interface module is IAP service；
Decryption oprerations module, for receiving outside incoming data message by data deciphering operation, simultaneously Erasing memory area, is written to the data message being newly received in the memory area of this erasing；
Message inspection module, the data message received for inspection is the most complete, if it is, perform Upgrading reseting module, if it is not, then restart process；
Upgrading reseting module, for taking out the reseting vector of APP code, jumps to start APP program Initial address；
Encryption processing module, uses 3DES AES to read 32 before performing in initial configuration module Position UID issues the host computer of single-chip microcomputer, using these 32 UID as key, in decryption oprerations module Data deciphering operation includes doing deciphering computing with corresponding 3DES algorithm；
In described decryption oprerations module while receiving data message, limit erasing memory area, Bian Jiang The data message newly received is written in the memory area of this erasing.
5. the IAP device of single-chip microcomputer as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that also include:
Upgrading judge module, for judging that before performing initial configuration module whether message is with upgrading mark Will, if it is, perform initial configuration module, and when the data message that inspection receives is complete, Read-write protection is first set, after erasing upgrading mark, performs upgrading reseting module again, if it is not, then knot Bundle processes.
6. the IAP device of single-chip microcomputer as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that also include:
APP inspection module, for when judging message with upgrading mark, continuing to judge APP code The most complete, if completely, then perform initial configuration module, if imperfect, then terminate to process.
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CN107729040A (en) * 2017-09-28 2018-02-23 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 A kind of IAP method and system of single-chip microcomputer
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