CN103700121A - Method and device for compressing composite image - Google Patents
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- CN103700121A CN103700121A CN201310745863.7A CN201310745863A CN103700121A CN 103700121 A CN103700121 A CN 103700121A CN 201310745863 A CN201310745863 A CN 201310745863A CN 103700121 A CN103700121 A CN 103700121A
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of image processing, and provides a method and a device for compressing a composite image. The method comprises the following steps: S1, partitioning the composite image according to image features to obtain a plurality of partitioned areas, wherein the image features include color and grayscale, and the partitioned areas include a text/graph area and an image area; S2, compressing the partitioned areas by adopting a corresponding encoding way respectively. In the method, the composite image is partitioned into text/graph partitioned areas and natural image partitioned areas according to information of different features included in the composite image, so that corresponding compression methods can be adopted for different partitioned areas, and high compression ratio is ensured. Meanwhile, the text/graph areas are clear and readable after being reconstructed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of image processing, relate in particular to a kind of compression method and device of combination picture.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of computer network, people more and more pay close attention to real-time desktop image transmission technology, and at present, image transmission technology is widely used in the fields such as remote teaching, telecommuting, network multimedia conference and product demonstration.Simultaneously, network voice, text and video can not meet people's demand, people start to remove to realize remote control and surveillance etc. with network, utilize this image transmission technology, not only can on current digital device, carry out alternately with other long-range computing machine, but also can control long-range computing machine, solve the insurmountable problem of current resource.
Because the realization of this multi-screen interactive need to comprise the transmission of the combination picture of text, figure and natural image in a large number, transmitted data amount is very huge, utilize Internet Transmission to cause and stop up or time delay, therefore carry out multi-screen interactive and must compress before sharing.Yet, for combination picture, be left intact while directly compressing, if adopt the lossless compression-encoding methods such as Run-Length Coding, Huffman Huffman coding and dictionary compressed encoding, its natural image region compression efficiency can be very limited; If adopt (the Joint Photographic Experts Group of joint image expert group, JPEG) traditional lossy compression method coding method such as series, dynamic image expert group (Moving Pictures Experts Group/Motin Pictures Experts Group, MPEG), text that again can be in combination picture and graphics field cause the fuzzy and ringing effect of text.Therefore, conventional images treatment technology is very limited to the natural image region compression efficiency of combination picture, or according to compressed image, rebuilds the text of image and graphics field and have the fuzzy and ringing effect of text.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of compression method and device of combination picture, is intended to solve the not high technical matters of picture compression efficiency in prior art.
On the one hand, provide a kind of compression method of combination picture, described method comprises:
S1, according to characteristics of image, combination picture is cut apart, obtained several cut zone, described characteristics of image comprises color and gray scale, and described cut zone comprises text/graphics region and image-region;
S2, adopt corresponding coded system to compress described several cut zone respectively.
On the other hand, provide a kind of compression set of combination picture, described device comprises:
Image cutting unit, for combination picture being cut apart according to characteristics of image, obtains several cut zone, and described characteristics of image comprises color and gray scale, and described cut zone comprises text/graphics region and image-region;
Compression unit, for adopting respectively corresponding coded system to compress described several cut zone.
In the embodiment of the present invention, according to characteristics of image, combination picture is cut apart, obtain several cut zone, described characteristics of image comprises color and gray scale, described cut zone comprises text/graphics region and image-region; Adopt respectively corresponding coded system to compress described several cut zone, the present invention, the information of the different qualities comprising according to combination picture, combination picture is divided into and cuts apart text/graphics cut zone and natural image cut zone, so that different cut zone are adopted to corresponding compression method, guaranteed higher ratio of compression, also made clear readable after text/graphics regional reconstruction simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the realization flow figure of the compression method of the combination picture that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 2 a is the histogram of gradients statistical graph of the text/graphics piece that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 2 b is the histogram of gradients statistical graph of the image block that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 2 c is the histogram of gradients statistical graph of the mixed block that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 3 a is a part of the webpage web1 that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one and its text/graphics piece;
Fig. 3 b is a part for the wallpaper that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one and its image block;
Fig. 4 a is the grey level histogram feature schematic diagram of the smooth block that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 4 b is the grey level histogram feature schematic diagram of the text block that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 4 c is the grey level histogram feature schematic diagram of the graph block that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 4 d is the grey level histogram feature schematic diagram of the graph block that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 5 a is the wallpaper schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention one provides;
Fig. 5 b is the text/graphics piece figure in the wallpaper that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 5 c is the natural image areal map in the wallpaper that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 5 d is wallpaper schematic diagram after the reconstruction that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 6 is the structured flowchart of the compression set of the combination picture that provides of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
In embodiments of the present invention, according to characteristics of image, combination picture is cut apart, obtained several cut zone, described characteristics of image comprises color and gray scale, and described cut zone comprises text/graphics region and image-region; Adopt respectively corresponding coded system to compress described several cut zone.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, realization of the present invention is described in detail:
Embodiment mono-
Fig. 1 shows the realization flow of the compression method of the combination picture that the embodiment of the present invention one provides, and details are as follows:
In step S1, according to characteristics of image, combination picture is cut apart, obtain several cut zone, described characteristics of image comprises color and gray scale, described cut zone comprises text/graphics region and image-region.
In the present embodiment, described characteristics of image comprises color and gray scale.Described combination picture is a class vision-mix that has comprised text, figure and natural image information, as desktop picture, web page.Described sub-block is the sub-block that comprises the combination picture of several pixels.Particularly, described combination picture is divided into 16*16 sub-block.The image of a continuous tone has a large amount of number of colors in one pocket, yet in text/graphics, in a bulk of region, only has a small amount of number of colors, so, can be divided three classes according to the different characteristics of the Grad of the difference of the color category in sub-block and each pixel: text/graphics piece, image block and mixed block.
Concrete, described step S1 specifically comprises:
Step S11, described combination picture is divided into several sub-blocks,
Particularly, by default template, described combination picture is divided into several sub-blocks, wherein said default template can be established as required, in the present embodiment, as preferably, the region unit that described default template is 16*16, is about to described combination picture and is divided into default template described in several.The combination picture collecting is divided into several sub-blocks, be conducive to accurately distinguish text/graphics region and the image-region of combination picture, for compressed encoding provides effective information, meanwhile, sorting code number and the sorting code number based on " layer " of the Images Classification encoding ratio based on " piece " based on " object " is simpler.
Step S12, the combination picture according to color characteristic after to piecemeal is divided, and obtains text/image piece and the first mixed block.
Wherein said the first mixed block comprises at least two the above sub-blocks, and described text/graphics piece comprises sub-block described at least one.When this step is the rude classification that sub-block is carried out according to color.
In the present embodiment, particularly, described step S12 specifically comprises:
The color category quantity of the pixel that each sub-block described in step S121, analytical calculation in several sub-blocks is corresponding;
Step S122, the sub-block that color category quantity is less than or equal to first threshold classify as text/graphics piece, and the sub-block that is greater than first threshold is classified as to the first mixed block.
Particularly, described first threshold can be established according to actual conditions, and in the present embodiment, preferably, described first threshold is 32.Color category quantity N is less than or equal to 32, is divided into text/graphics piece, and color category quantity N is greater than 32, is the first mixed block, is greater than the first mixed block of 32 carry out step 12 for color category quantity N.It is 32 o'clock that Fig. 3 a shows first threshold, a part for web page and its text/graphics piece, and it is 32 o'clock that Fig. 3 b shows first threshold, a part for desktop and its image block.
Step S13, classifies described the first mixed block based on pixel gradient, obtains image block and the second mixed block.
Particularly, described the first mixed block comprises at least two the above sub-blocks, according to the difference of pixel gradient, the first mixed block can be divided into image block, text/image piece and the second mixed block.Because the color of text/graphics pixel is simple, texture variations is violent, and the rich color of image pixel, texture variations is milder, therefore can first color dodge and the violent text/image piece of texture variations be distinguished according to color characteristic, as shown in Figure 2 a, the color category of text/graphics piece is less, and pixel gradient value is larger, as shown in Figure 2 b, the color category of image block is abundant, pixel gradient value is less, and mixed block has comprised text/graphics piece and image block, as shown in Figure 2 c, its color category is abundant, and part Grad is larger.Therefore according to described pixel gradient, can be, image block and the second mixed block by described the first mixed block piecemeal.
Wherein, described step S13 specifically comprises:
Step 121, calculate pixel gradient value corresponding to each sub-block in described the first mixed block;
Step 122, the pixel gradient that is less than or equal to Second Threshold is worth to corresponding sub-block classifies as image block, sub-block corresponding to pixel gradient value that is greater than described Second Threshold classified as to the second mixed block.
Particularly, Second Threshold is the cut off value of image block and mixed block Grad, preferred, described Second Threshold is 128, if each pixel gradient value is less than 128 in the first mixed block, this first mixed block piecemeal is image block, otherwise this first mixed block piecemeal is the second mixed block.Wherein, compute gradient value has two kinds of methods:
First kind of way, according to the displaing coordinate (i, j) of pixel in described the first mixed block, with image pixel value s(i, j), calculate the pixel gradient value T of each sub-block of described the first mixed block, wherein,
T=dx(i,j)*i+dy(i,j)*j；
dx(i,j)=s(i+1,j)-s(i,j)；
dy(i,j)=s(i,j+1)-s(i,j)；
Particularly, s (i, j) is image pixel value, the displaing coordinate that i, j are pixel.
The second way, calls void cvSobel (const CvArr*src, CvArr*dst in the cross-platform computer vision storehouse OpenCV based on distribution, int xorder, int yorder, int aperture_size=3) obtain pixel gradient value T, wherein src: input picture; Dst output image; Difference order in xorder:x direction; Difference order in yorder:y direction, the size of aperture_size expansion Sobel core, must be 1,3,5 or 7.
Step S14, utilizes grey level histogram to decompose described the second mixed block, obtains text/graphics soon and image block.
In the present embodiment, described gray processing refers to the chromatic information of removing in coloured image, only leave monochrome information, the color of each pixel in coloured image is determined by red (R), green (G), blue (B) three components, and each component has 255 values desirable, such pixel can have the change color scope of more than 1,600 ten thousand (255*255*255).Wherein 0 is the darkest, and 255 is the brightest, and in rgb color model, if R=G=B, color relation represents gray color.Described intensity level refers to the gray-scale value of local maximum in grey level histogram.
Wherein, described step S14 specifically comprises:
Step S141, to by described the second mixed block gray processing, obtains the grey level histogram of described the second mixed block according to default gray scale algorithm;
Particularly, described default gray scale algorithm is any one in method of weighted mean, mean value method, maximum value process and built-in function method.Wherein, method of weighted mean specifically, according to importance and the index thereof of R, G, tri-components of B, is weighted three components on average with different weights.Mean value method specifically obtains R, the G of each pixel, the mean value of tri-components of B.Maximum value process is specifically got the maximal value in R, G, tri-components of B.Built-in function method is specifically called cvCvtColor(const CvArr*src in the cross-platform computer vision storehouse based on distribution, CvArr*dst, int code) function is realized, and wherein src is original color image, dst is image after processing, and code is color space conversion regime.
Step S142, analyzes described grey level histogram, and intensity level quantity in described grey level histogram is less than or equal to preset value, and this intensity level accumulated probability to be around greater than partition corresponding to the 3rd threshold value be text/graphics piece, otherwise be divided into image block.
Owing to there being a plurality of different intensity levels in each grey level histogram, therefore can calculate the quantity of the intensity level in each grey level histogram, with this, be used as one of benchmark of dividing; And described intensity level accumulated probability around refers to accumulated probability corresponding to intensity level fluctuation range.Particularly, described preset value is the quantity of intensity level in the differentiation text/graphics piece preset and image block.Described the 3rd threshold value is the accumulated probability of intensity level in the differentiation text/graphics piece preset and image block.Preferably, the 3rd threshold value is 0.95.Different qualities due to different masses, the characteristic of its grey level histogram is different, as shown in Figure 3, wherein 3a shows the grey level histogram feature of smooth block, smooth block is a kind of of text block, 3b shows the grey level histogram feature of text block, and 3c shows the grey level histogram feature of graph block, and 3d shows the grey level histogram feature of natural image piece.Known according to the feature of above-mentioned four kinds of grey level histograms, the grey level histogram of smooth block and text block has one or both patterns, and the histogrammic pattern of graph block can be less than 4, like this, text/graphics and image block just from the second mixed block, have been isolated, the extraction of smooth block and text block is apparent comparatively speaking, the histogram of smooth block and text block has one or two intensity level, when the size of sub-block enough little time, when intensity level accumulated probability is around greater than the 3rd threshold value, graph block occurs that the possibility of four kinds of varying strength values is just very little, so when the quantity of intensity level is not more than 4, and it is the second text/graphics piece that accumulated probability is greater than 0.95, otherwise, it is the second image block.
Wherein, described step S142 specifically comprises:
Step S1421, analyzes grey level histogram, obtains intensity level quantity n and intensity level m
1..., m
n, and the Probability p of difference calculating strength value
i, in the present embodiment
Pi=freq(i)/B
2,
Wherein, i is gray-scale value, the span 0-255 of i, and freq (i) is the pixel quantity of gray-scale value i, B refers to the size of each sub-block;
Step S1422, calculating strength accumulated probability of enclosing on weekly duty:
Step S1423, if n<=4 and intensity level accumulated probability c1+c2+c3+c4> the 3rd threshold value is around classified as text/graphics piece, otherwise is image block.
In step S2, adopt respectively corresponding coded system to compress described several cut zone.
In the present embodiment, step 11, step 12 and step 13 are obtained to text/graphics piece as the text/graphics cut zone of described combination picture, step 12 and step 13 are obtained to image block as the image cut zone of described combination picture, combination picture shown in Fig. 5 a, the processing of carrying out above-mentioned steps has obtained text/image pixel 5b, image pixel 5c, wherein white represents text/graphics piece.Owing to knowing the feature of different cut zone, concrete, respectively text/graphics piece is adopted to lossless compression and image block is adopted and damages algorithm and compress, as adopted LZW lossless compression to compress to text/graphics piece, and image cut zone is adopted to JPEG lossy compression method method, this method can guarantee higher ratio of compression, guaranteed compression time, simultaneously, guaranteed to rebuild the text readability of image, there will not be fuzzyly, the image restoring is more clear, rebuilds image as shown in 5d.
The present embodiment, can reach the information of the different qualities comprising according to combination picture, combination picture is divided into and cuts apart text/graphics cut zone and natural image cut zone, so that different cut zone are adopted to corresponding compression method, guaranteed higher ratio of compression, also made clear readable after text/graphics regional reconstruction simultaneously.
Embodiment bis-
Fig. 6 shows the concrete structure block diagram of the compression set of the combination picture that the embodiment of the present invention two provides, and for convenience of explanation, only shows the part relevant to the embodiment of the present invention.In the present embodiment, the compression set of this combination picture comprises: image cutting unit 61 and compression unit 62.Described image cutting unit 61 comprises image block subelement, the first classification subelement, the second classification subelement and the 3rd classification subelement.
Wherein, image cutting unit 61, for combination picture being cut apart according to characteristics of image, obtains several cut zone, and described characteristics of image comprises color and gray scale, and described cut zone comprises text/graphics region and image-region;
The present embodiment, can reach the information of the different qualities comprising according to combination picture, combination picture is divided into and cuts apart text/graphics cut zone and natural image cut zone, so that different cut zone are adopted to corresponding compression method, guaranteed higher ratio of compression, also made clear readable after text/graphics regional reconstruction simultaneously.
Further, described image cutting unit 61 specifically comprises:
Image block subelement, for being divided into several sub-blocks by described combination picture;
The first classification subelement, for described several sub-blocks being distinguished based on color characteristic, obtains text/graphics piece and the first mixed block;
The second classification subelement, for described the first mixed block being classified based on pixel gradient, obtains image block and the second mixed block;
The 3rd classification subelement, for utilizing grey level histogram to decompose described the second mixed block, obtains text/graphics piece and image block.
Further, described the first classification subelement is specifically for the color category quantity of pixel corresponding to each sub-block in several sub-blocks described in analytical calculation; The sub-block that color category quantity is less than or equal to first threshold classifies as text/graphics piece, and the sub-block that is greater than first threshold is classified as to the first mixed block.
Further, described the second classification subelement is specifically for calculating pixel gradient value corresponding to each sub-block in described the first mixed block; The pixel gradient that is less than or equal to Second Threshold is worth to corresponding sub-block and classifies as image block, sub-block corresponding to pixel gradient value that is greater than described Second Threshold classified as to the second mixed block.
Further, described the second classification subelement is also specifically for according to the displaing coordinate (i, j) of pixel in described the first mixed block, and image pixel value s(i, j), calculate the pixel gradient value T of described the first mixed block, wherein,
T=dx(i,j)*i+dy(i,j)*j；
dx(i,j)=s(i+1,j)-s(i,j)；
dy(i,j)=s(i,j+1)-s(i,j)；
Particularly, s (i, j) is image pixel value, the displaing coordinate that i, j are pixel.
Further, described the 3rd classification subelement, specifically for according to presetting gray scale algorithm to by described the second mixed block gray processing, obtains the grey level histogram of described the second mixed block; Analyze described grey level histogram, intensity level quantity in described grey level histogram be less than or equal to preset value, and this intensity level accumulated probability to be around greater than partition corresponding to the 3rd threshold value be text/graphics piece, otherwise be divided into image block.
Further, described compression unit 62 is specifically for adopting lossless compression to text/graphics piece respectively and image block being adopted and damages algorithm and compress.
The compression set of the combination picture that the embodiment of the present invention provides can be applied in the embodiment of the method one of aforementioned correspondence, and main implementation procedure and the technique effect that brings, referring to the description of above-described embodiment one, do not repeat them here.
It should be noted that in said system embodiment, included unit is just divided according to function logic, but is not limited to above-mentioned division, as long as can realize corresponding function; In addition, the concrete title of each functional unit also, just for the ease of mutual differentiation, is not limited to protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step realizing in the various embodiments described above method is to come the hardware that instruction is relevant to complete by program, corresponding program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium, described storage medium, as ROM/RAM, disk or CD etc.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a compression method for combination picture, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
S1, according to characteristics of image, combination picture is cut apart, obtained several cut zone, described characteristics of image comprises color and gray scale, and described cut zone comprises text/graphics region and image-region;
S2, adopt corresponding coded system to compress described several cut zone respectively.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described step S1 specifically comprises:
S11, described combination picture is divided into several sub-blocks;
S12, based on color characteristic, described several sub-blocks are distinguished, obtained text/graphics piece and the first mixed block;
S13, based on pixel gradient, described the first mixed block is classified, obtain image block and the second mixed block;
S14, utilize grey level histogram to decompose described the second mixed block, obtain text/graphics piece and image block.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described step S12 is specially:
The color category quantity of the pixel that each sub-block described in S121, analytical calculation in several sub-blocks is corresponding;
S122, the sub-block that color category quantity is less than or equal to first threshold classify as text/graphics piece, and the sub-block that is greater than first threshold is classified as to the first mixed block.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described step S13 is specially:
S131, calculate pixel gradient value corresponding to each sub-block in described the first mixed block;
S132, the pixel gradient that is less than or equal to Second Threshold is worth to corresponding sub-block classifies as image block, sub-block corresponding to pixel gradient value that is greater than described Second Threshold classified as to the second mixed block.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, calculates pixel gradient value and be specially in described step S131:
According to the displaing coordinate (i, j) of pixel in described the first mixed block, with image pixel value s(i, j), calculate the pixel gradient value T of described the first mixed block, wherein,
T=dx(i,j)*i+dy(i,j)*j；
dx(i,j)=s(i+1,j)-s(i,j)；
dy(i,j)=s(i,j+1)-s(i,j)；
Particularly, s (i, j) is image pixel value, the displaing coordinate that i, j are pixel.
6. method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described step S14 specifically comprises:
S141, the default gray scale algorithm of basis, to by described the second mixed block gray processing, obtain the grey level histogram of described the second mixed block;
S142, analyze described grey level histogram, intensity level quantity in described grey level histogram be less than or equal to preset value, and this intensity level accumulated probability to be around greater than partition corresponding to the 3rd threshold value be text/graphics piece, otherwise be divided into image block.
7. the method as described in claim 2 to 6 any one, is characterized in that, described step S2 is specially:
Respectively text/graphics piece is adopted to lossless compression and image block is adopted and damages algorithm and compress.
8. a compression set for combination picture, is characterized in that, described device comprises:
Image cutting unit, for combination picture being cut apart according to characteristics of image, obtains several cut zone, and described characteristics of image comprises color and gray scale, and described cut zone comprises text/graphics region and image-region;
Compression unit, for adopting respectively corresponding coded system to compress described several cut zone.
9. compression set as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described image cutting unit specifically comprises:
Image block subelement, for being divided into several sub-blocks by described combination picture;
The first classification subelement, for described several sub-blocks being distinguished based on color characteristic, obtains text/graphics piece and the first mixed block;
The second classification subelement, for described the first mixed block being classified based on pixel gradient, obtains image block and the second mixed block;
The 3rd classification subelement, for utilizing grey level histogram to decompose described the second mixed block, obtains text/graphics piece and image block.
10. compression set as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described the first classification subelement is specifically for the color category quantity of pixel corresponding to each sub-block in several sub-blocks described in analytical calculation; The sub-block that color category quantity is less than or equal to first threshold classifies as text/graphics piece, and the sub-block that is greater than first threshold is classified as to the first mixed block.
11. compression sets as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described the second classification subelement is specifically for calculating pixel gradient value corresponding to each sub-block in described the first mixed block; The pixel gradient that is less than or equal to Second Threshold is worth to corresponding sub-block and classifies as image block, sub-block corresponding to pixel gradient value that is greater than described Second Threshold classified as to the second mixed block.
12. compression sets as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described the 3rd classification subelement, specifically for according to presetting gray scale algorithm to by described the second mixed block gray processing, obtains the grey level histogram of described the second mixed block; Analyze described grey level histogram, intensity level quantity in described grey level histogram be less than or equal to preset value, and this intensity level accumulated probability to be around greater than partition corresponding to the 3rd threshold value be text/graphics piece, otherwise be divided into image block.
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