CN103679021B - Virus scan method and virus scan device - Google Patents

Virus scan method and virus scan device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103679021B
CN103679021B CN201210345537.2A CN201210345537A CN103679021B CN 103679021 B CN103679021 B CN 103679021B CN 201210345537 A CN201210345537 A CN 201210345537A CN 103679021 B CN103679021 B CN 103679021B
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file
scanned
scanning
virus
result
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CN103679021A (en
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杨作会
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Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
Tencent Cloud Computing Beijing Co Ltd
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Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/50Monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms, e.g. of processors, firmware or operating systems
    • G06F21/55Detecting local intrusion or implementing counter-measures
    • G06F21/56Computer malware detection or handling, e.g. anti-virus arrangements
    • G06F21/566Dynamic detection, i.e. detection performed at run-time, e.g. emulation, suspicious activities

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  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of virus scan method, including:Load the confidence packets that multiple virus scanning engines are directed to different scanning result;A file to be scanned is obtained from the queue of file to be scanned;Choose a virus scanning engine not being scanned to the file to be scanned;Carry out the first judgment step:If scanning engine of the file that file to be scanned is not scanned or this is to be scanned with scanning result but selection may be drawn than scanning result of the scanning result with higher confidence level:The file to be scanned is scanned using the virus scanning engine of selection.Above-mentioned scan method can draw the virus scan result of optimization.In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of virus scan device.

Description

Virus scan method and virus scan device
Technical field
The present invention relates to virus scan technology, more particularly to a kind of virus scan method and virus scan device.
Background technology
In order to improve the recall rate to virus, increasing anti-viral software starts to carry out using multiple Anti- Virus Engines Virus investigation, relatively common is exactly that a local Anti- Virus Engine adds a high in the clouds Anti- Virus Engine, and some anti-viral softwares are also Multiple local Anti- Virus Engines can be used.Anti-viral software is scanned using multiple Anti- Virus Engines for same file Afterwards, scanning result is collected, then draws a final result.
However, multiple Anti- Virus Engines scan the problem of being possible to bring scanning result inconsistent simultaneously, if properly Handle the problem of these inconsistent scanning results just turn into multi engine while necessarily considered when scanning.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is necessary to provide a kind of virus scan method and virus scan device, it can make full use of various The advantage of virus scanning engine, and draw the virus scan result of optimization.
A kind of virus scan method, including:Load the credible number of degrees that multiple virus scanning engines are directed to different scanning result According to;A file to be scanned is obtained from the queue of file to be scanned;One is chosen not to be scanned the file to be scanned Virus scanning engine;Carry out the first judgment step:If the file that file to be scanned is not scanned or this is to be scanned Scanning engine with scanning result but selection may be drawn than scanning result of the scanning result with higher confidence level Then:The file to be scanned is scanned using the virus scanning engine of selection.
A kind of virus scan method, including:Load the credible number of degrees that multiple virus scanning engines are directed to different scanning result According to;Obtain the queue of file to be scanned;The plurality of virus scanning engine is respectively adopted to each file to be scanned in the queue It is scanned;Confidence level highest conduct in the scanning result of the plurality of virus scanning engine is chosen for each file to be scanned The scanning result of the file to be scanned.
A kind of virus scan device, including:Confidence level loading unit, for loading multiple virus scanning engines for difference The confidence packets of scanning result;File obtaining unit, for obtaining a text to be scanned from the queue of file to be scanned Part;Engine chooses unit, for choosing a virus scanning engine not being scanned to the file to be scanned;First judges list Member, for carrying out the first judgment step:Judge whether the file to be scanned is not scanned or this is to be scanned file The scanning knot with higher confidence level than the scanning result whether may be drawn through the scanning engine with scanning result but selection Fruit;Call the engine to choose the virus scanning engine of unit selection if being to be if the first judgment step result and scan the text to be scanned Part.
A kind of virus scan device, including:Confidence level loading unit, load multiple virus scanning engines and be directed to different scanning As a result confidence packets;Queue acquiring unit, for obtaining the queue of file to be scanned;Virus scan unit, for respectively Each file to be scanned in the queue is scanned using the plurality of virus scanning engine;Scanning result returning unit, use Confidence level highest is waited to sweep as this in the scanning result that the plurality of virus scanning engine is chosen for each file to be scanned Retouch the scanning result of file.
In above-mentioned virus scan method and device, for each scanned file, what is taken is with highest confidence level Scanning result, accuracy rate during virus scan can be lifted.In addition, by the way that basis can before formally scanning and after scanning Reliability data judge whether to need to be scanned so as to reduce invalid scanning times, when improving multi engine virus scan Efficiency.
For the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, And coordinate institute's accompanying drawings, it is described in detail below.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the virus scan method flow diagram of first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the confidence packets loaded in the virus scan method of first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the virus scan method flow diagram of second embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of the virus scan device of 3rd embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart of the virus scan device of fourth embodiment.
Embodiment
Further to illustrate that the present invention is to realize technological means and effect that predetermined goal of the invention taken, below in conjunction with Accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to embodiment, structure, feature and its effect according to the present invention, describe in detail as after.
First embodiment provides a kind of virus scan method, and refering to Fig. 1, it comprises the following steps:
Step S110, the confidence packets that multiple virus scanning engines are directed to different scanning result are loaded.
Confidence packets can be stored in the machine, can also be stored in cloud server.It is stored in cloud server In advantage be that the publisher of virus scanning software can update confidence packets according to newest data statistics.
Refering to Fig. 2, it is the confidence packets that three kinds of virus scanning engines are directed to different scanning result.Wherein, scanning knot Fruit is trojan horse equivalent risk file for black this file of expression, and scanning result scans to represent that this file is nontoxic in vain As a result it can not judge that this file is black or white for ash expression, scanning result is unknown expression also without the detection of this file As a result.
Step S120, a file to be scanned is obtained from the queue of file to be scanned.
File extent to be scanned is typically selected by user, such as can be just for specific file, particular category or institute Some catalogues.After user selectes scanning range, you can accordingly generate the queue of file to be scanned.For each treating in queue Scanning file, at least need to preserve its file path.In addition, its scanning result can be also preserved in the lump, it will be understood that scanning result With multiple.Each virus scanning engine can correspond to a scanning result.
Step S130, a virus scanning engine not being scanned to the file to be scanned is chosen.
The selected of virus scanning engine has no specific order, can arbitrarily choose.However, in order to lift virus scan Efficiency, can be with the higher virus scanning engine of prioritizing selection scanning result confidence level.For example, to virus scanning engine different scanning As a result confidence level average mark is ranked up.By taking the confidence packets shown in Fig. 2 as an example, engine A confidence level is equally divided into 9.3, engine B confidence level are equally divided into 6.3, and engine C confidence level is equally divided into 2.Therefore, engine A can be selected at first, Engine B takes second place, and finally just selects engine C.
Step S140, the first judgment step is carried out:If the text that file to be scanned is not scanned or this is to be scanned Scanning engine of the part with scanning result but selection may draw the scanning knot with higher confidence level than the scanning result Fruit then follows the steps below S150.
Step S150, the file to be scanned is scanned using the virus scanning engine of selection.
Such as if engine B has got file, check file by engine A and engine C-scan mistake, engine A scanning As a result it is ash (credible score value be 7), engine C-scan result also be ash (credible score value is 0), the maximum score value of current scanline result For engine A grey result 7, in engine B credible score value the confidence level of black result and white result all higher than scanning result most Big score value, the result of a more high score may be drawn by illustrating engine B scanning, then engine B starts to scan this document.
Step S160 can be also carried out after step s 150, carry out the second judgment step:If in the plurality of virus scanning engine The virus scanning engine not being scanned to the file to be scanned can not possibly show that the scanning result of file more to be scanned than this has The scanning result of higher confidence level then carries out step S170:Return to scanning result and the text to be scanned is removed from the queue Part.
For example engine A sweep finishes a file, as a result to be white, engine A white credible result score value is 12, checks and does not sweep Result all not higher than 12 points the engine B and engine C retouched, then it is assumed that engine B and C are not necessarily to sweep this document Retouch.The result that such as engine A sweep finishes a file again is ash, checks the engine B not scanned and engine C credible result Score value, engine B black result and the credible score value 8 and 11 of white result are all higher than engine A grey credible result score value 7, then will This document is not removed from queue, file continues waiting for the scanning of other engines.
As described above, in step if being preferentially scanned from the virus scanning engine with higher confidence level average mark It is likely to draw the result that need not be scanned using other virus scanning engines again in S160, so can then lifts multi engine and sweep Efficiency when retouching.
Scanning result is returned if it need not be scanned again and file to be scanned is removed from queue.It is appreciated that The scanning result returned herein is result, i.e. sweeping with highest confidence level obtained from comprehensive all scanned engines Retouch result.For example, engine A scanning result is white (credible score value is 12), engine B is black (credible score value is 8), and C engines are not Scanning (credible score value is 0), then the final scanning result of this document is white.
In addition, if the judged result in step S140 is no, chooses one again and the file to be scanned is not swept The virus scanning engine retouched simultaneously re-starts step S140.
If step S160 judged result is to be:Again the virus not being scanned to the file to be scanned is chosen Scanning engine simultaneously re-starts step S140.
In the virus scan method of the present embodiment, for each scanned file, what is taken has highest confidence level Scanning result, accuracy rate during virus scan can be lifted.In addition, by before formally scanning and scanning after according to credible Degrees of data judges whether to need to be scanned so as to reduce invalid scanning times, improves effect during multi engine virus scan Rate.
Second embodiment provides a kind of virus scan method, and refering to Fig. 3, it includes:
Step S210, the confidence packets that multiple virus scanning engines are directed to different scanning result are loaded.
Confidence packets can be stored in the machine, can also be stored in cloud server.It is stored in cloud server In advantage be that the publisher of virus scanning software can update confidence packets according to newest data statistics.
Refering to Fig. 2, it is the confidence packets that three kinds of virus scanning engines are directed to different scanning result.Wherein, scanning knot Fruit is trojan horse equivalent risk file for black this file of expression, and scanning result scans to represent that this file is nontoxic in vain As a result it can not judge that this file is black or white for ash expression, scanning result is unknown expression also without the detection of this file As a result.
Step S220, the queue of file to be scanned is obtained.
File extent to be scanned is typically selected by user, such as can be just for specific file, particular category or institute Some catalogues.After user selectes scanning range, you can accordingly generate the queue of file to be scanned.For each treating in queue Scanning file, at least need to preserve its file path.In addition, its scanning result can be also preserved in the lump, it will be understood that scanning result With multiple.Each virus scanning engine can correspond to a scanning result.
Step S230, the plurality of virus scanning engine is respectively adopted to sweep each file to be scanned in the queue Retouch.
For each file to be scanned in queue, the plurality of virus scanning engine is respectively adopted and is scanned.Multiple diseases Malicious scanning engine successively can be scanned to reduce to the occupancy of system successively, can also parallel scan with improving sweep efficiency.
Step S240, for confidence level in the scanning result of the plurality of virus scanning engine of each file selection to be scanned most The high scanning result as the file to be scanned.
Because multiple virus scanning engines may have different scanning results., it is necessary to select in these scanning results Confidence level highest scanning result is taken as final scanning result.For example, (credible score value is engine A scanning result to be white 12), engine B is black (credible score value is 8), and C engines do not scan (credible score value is 0), then the final scanning result of this document is In vain.
In the virus scan method of the present embodiment, for each scanned file, what is taken has highest confidence level Scanning result, accuracy rate during virus scan can be lifted.
3rd embodiment provides a kind of virus scan device, and refering to Fig. 4, it includes:Confidence level loading unit 310, file Acquiring unit 320, engine choose unit 330, the first judging unit 340, the second judging unit 350 and end of scan unit 360。
Confidence level loading unit 310 is used to load the credible number of degrees that multiple virus scanning engines are directed to different scanning result According to.Confidence packets can be stored in the machine, can also be stored in cloud server.It is stored in excellent in cloud server Gesture is that the publisher of virus scanning software can update confidence packets according to newest data statistics.
Refering to Fig. 2, it is the confidence packets that three kinds of virus scanning engines are directed to different scanning result.Wherein, scanning knot Fruit is trojan horse equivalent risk file for black this file of expression, and scanning result scans to represent that this file is nontoxic in vain As a result it can not judge that this file is black or white for ash expression, scanning result is unknown expression also without the detection of this file As a result.
File obtaining unit 320 is used to obtain a file to be scanned from the queue of file to be scanned.Text to be scanned Part scope is typically selected by user, such as can be just for specific file, particular category or all catalogues.Selected in user After determining scanning range, you can accordingly generate the queue of file to be scanned.For each file to be scanned in queue, at least need Preserve its file path.In addition, its scanning result can be also preserved in the lump, it will be understood that scanning result has multiple.Each virus Scanning engine can correspond to a scanning result.
Engine chooses unit 330 and is used to choose a virus scanning engine for not being scanned the file to be scanned.Disease The selected of malicious scanning engine has no specific order, can arbitrarily choose., can be with however, in order to lift the efficiency of virus scan The higher virus scanning engine of prioritizing selection scanning result confidence level.For example, to virus scanning engine different scanning result can Reliability average mark is ranked up.By taking the confidence packets shown in Fig. 2 as an example, engine A confidence level is equally divided into 9.3, engine B's Confidence level is equally divided into 6.3, and engine C confidence level is equally divided into 2.Therefore, at first engine A, engine B can be selected to take second place, Finally just select engine C.
First judging unit 340 is used to carry out the first judgment step:Judge whether the file to be scanned is not scanned Or whether the scanning engine that the file to be scanned has had scanning result but chosen may draw have than the scanning result There is the scanning result of higher confidence level;The engine is called to choose the disease that unit 330 is chosen if being to be if the first judgment step result Malicious scanning engine scans the file to be scanned.
Such as if engine B has got file, check file by engine A and engine C-scan mistake, engine A scanning As a result it is ash (credible score value be 7), engine C-scan result also be ash (credible score value is 0), the maximum score value of current scanline result For engine A grey result 7, in engine B credible score value the confidence level of black result and white result all higher than scanning result most Big score value, the result of a more high score may be drawn by illustrating engine B scanning, then engine B starts to scan this document.
Otherwise if the result of the first judgment step is:Engine can be re-called and choose unit 330 to choose one again not The virus scanning engine that is scanned to the file to be scanned simultaneously re-starts first judgment step.
Second judging unit 350 is used to carry out after the virus scanning engine of the selection is scanned the file to be scanned Second judgment step:The virus scanning engine for judging not to be scanned the file to be scanned in the plurality of virus scanning engine is The no scanning result that may draw file more to be scanned than this has the scanning result of higher confidence level;If the second judgment step result Otherwise to call end of scan unit 360.If the result of second judgment step is to be:Call engine choose unit 330 with Again choose a virus scanning engine not being scanned to the file to be scanned and re-start first judgment step.
For example engine A sweep finishes a file, as a result to be white, engine A white credible result score value is 12, checks and does not sweep Result all not higher than 12 points the engine B and engine C retouched, then it is assumed that engine B and C are not necessarily to sweep this document Retouch.The result that such as engine A sweep finishes a file again is ash, checks the engine B not scanned and engine C credible result Score value, engine B black result and the credible score value 8 and 11 of white result are all higher than engine A grey credible result score value 7, then will This document is not removed from queue, file continues waiting for the scanning of other engines.
End of scan unit 360 is used to return to scanning result and the file to be scanned is removed from the queue.Scanning knot Shu Danyuan 360 for example can return to the scanning result with highest confidence level.
In the virus scan device of the present embodiment, for each scanned file, what is taken has highest confidence level Scanning result, accuracy rate during virus scan can be lifted.In addition, by before formally scanning and scanning after according to credible Degrees of data judges whether to need to be scanned so as to reduce invalid scanning times, improves effect during multi engine virus scan Rate.
Fourth embodiment provides a kind of virus scan device, and refering to Fig. 5, it includes:Confidence level loading unit 410, queue Acquiring unit 420, virus scan unit 430 and scanning result returning unit 440.
Confidence level loading unit 410 is used to load the confidence level that multiple virus scanning engines are directed to different scanning result.Can Reliability data can be stored in the machine, can also be stored in cloud server.The advantage being stored in cloud server exists Confidence packets can be updated according to newest data statistics in the publisher of virus scanning software.
Refering to Fig. 2, it is the confidence packets that three kinds of virus scanning engines are directed to different scanning result.Wherein, scanning knot Fruit is trojan horse equivalent risk file for black this file of expression, and scanning result scans to represent that this file is nontoxic in vain As a result it can not judge that this file is black or white for ash expression, scanning result is unknown expression also without the detection of this file As a result.
Queue acquiring unit 420 is used for the queue for obtaining file to be scanned.File extent to be scanned is typically selected by user, Such as can be just for specific file, particular category or all catalogues.After user selectes scanning range, you can corresponding Generate the queue of file to be scanned.For each file to be scanned in queue, at least need to preserve its file path.In addition, Its scanning result can be also preserved in the lump, it will be understood that scanning result has multiple.Each virus scanning engine can correspond to one Scanning result.
Virus scan unit 430 is used to the plurality of virus scanning engine be respectively adopted to each text to be scanned in the queue Part is scanned.For each file to be scanned in queue, the plurality of virus scanning engine is respectively adopted and is scanned.It is multiple Virus scanning engine successively can be scanned to reduce to the occupancy of system successively, can also parallel scan to lift scanning effect Rate.
Scanning result returning unit 440 is used for the scanning that the plurality of virus scanning engine is chosen for each file to be scanned As a result scanning result of the middle confidence level highest as the file to be scanned.Because multiple virus scanning engines may have not Same scanning result., it is necessary to choose confidence level highest scanning result as final scanning result in these scanning results. For example, engine A scanning result is white (credible score value is 12), engine B is black (credible score value is 8), and C engines do not scan (can Believe score value for 0), then the final scanning result of this document is white.
In the virus scan device of the present embodiment, for each scanned file, what is taken has highest confidence level Scanning result, accuracy rate during virus scan can be lifted.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of computer-readable recording medium, it is stored with computer and can perform Instruction, above-mentioned computer-readable recording medium is, for example, nonvolatile memory such as CD, hard disk or flash memory.It is above-mentioned Computer executable instructions be used to allowing computer or similar arithmetic unit to complete it is each in above-mentioned virus scan method Kind operation.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, any formal limitation not is made to the present invention, though So the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, but is not limited to the present invention, any those skilled in the art, not Depart from the range of technical solution of the present invention, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make a little change or are modified to equivalent change The equivalent embodiment of change, as long as being without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, the technical spirit according to the present invention is implemented to more than Example any brief introduction modification, equivalent variations and the modification made, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. a kind of virus scan method, including:
The confidence packets that multiple virus scanning engines are directed to different scanning result are loaded, the confidence packets are included to risk File, nontoxic file, the credible score value that file and the scanning result of unknown file can not be judged;
A file to be scanned is obtained from the queue of file to be scanned;
Choose a virus scanning engine not being scanned to the file to be scanned;
Carry out the first judgment step:If the file that file to be scanned is not scanned or this is to be scanned has scanning As a result but choose scanning engine may draw than the scanning result have higher confidence level scanning result then:
The file to be scanned is scanned using the virus scanning engine of selection.
2. virus scan method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that be somebody's turn to do using the virus scanning engine scanning chosen Also include after file to be scanned:
Carry out the second judgment step:If the virus scan not being scanned in the plurality of virus scanning engine to the file to be scanned Engine can not possibly show that the scanning result of file more to be scanned than this has the scanning result of higher confidence level then:Return to scanning result And the file to be scanned is removed from the queue.
3. virus scan method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include:If the result of first judgment step For otherwise:Again choose a virus scanning engine not being scanned to the file to be scanned and re-start first judgement Step.
4. virus scan method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that also include:If the result of second judgment step To be then:Again choose a virus scanning engine not being scanned to the file to be scanned and re-start first judgement Step.
5. virus scan method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the plurality of virus scanning engine is directed to different scanning As a result confidence level is loaded at cloud server.
6. virus scan method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that returning to scanning result includes:Return has highest The scanning result of confidence level.
7. a kind of virus scan method, including:
The confidence packets that multiple virus scanning engines are directed to different scanning result are loaded, the confidence packets are included to risk File, nontoxic file, the credible score value that file and the scanning result of unknown file can not be judged;
Obtain the queue of file to be scanned;
The plurality of virus scanning engine is respectively adopted to be scanned each file to be scanned in the queue;
Confidence level highest in the scanning result of the plurality of virus scanning engine is chosen for each file to be scanned to treat as this The scanning result of scanning file.
8. a kind of virus scan device, including:
Confidence level loading unit, the confidence packets of different scanning result are directed to for loading multiple virus scanning engines, it is described Confidence packets are included to risk file, nontoxic file, the credible score value that can not judge file and the scanning result of unknown file;
File obtaining unit, for obtaining a file to be scanned from the queue of file to be scanned;
Engine chooses unit, for choosing a virus scanning engine not being scanned to the file to be scanned;
First judging unit, for carrying out the first judgment step:Judge whether the file to be scanned is not scanned or is somebody's turn to do Whether the scanning engine of file to be scanned with scanning result but selection may be drawn than the scanning result with higher The scanning result of confidence level;The engine is called to choose the virus scanning engine of unit selection if being to be if the first judgment step result Scan the file to be scanned.
9. virus scan device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that also include:
Second judging unit, sentence for carrying out second after the virus scanning engine of the selection is scanned to the file to be scanned Disconnected step:Whether the virus scanning engine for judging not to be scanned the file to be scanned in the plurality of virus scanning engine may Drawing the scanning result of file more to be scanned than this has the scanning result of higher confidence level;Otherwise if the second judgment step result is Call end of scan unit;
The end of scan unit, for returning to scanning result and the file to be scanned being removed from the queue.
10. virus scan device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that also include:If the result of first judgment step For otherwise:The engine chooses unit and is additionally operable to choose a virus scanning engine for not being scanned the file to be scanned again And re-start first judgment step.
11. virus scan device as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that also include:If the result of second judgment step To be then:The engine chooses unit and is additionally operable to choose a virus scanning engine for not being scanned the file to be scanned again And re-start first judgment step.
12. virus scan device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the confidence level loading unit is used to take from high in the clouds The confidence level for being directed to different scanning result is loaded at business device.
13. virus scan device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the end of scan unit, which is used to return, to be had most The scanning result of high confidence level.
14. a kind of virus scan device, including:
Confidence level loading unit, the confidence packets that multiple virus scanning engines are directed to different scanning result are loaded, it is described credible Degrees of data is included to risk file, nontoxic file, the credible score value that can not judge file and the scanning result of unknown file;
Queue acquiring unit, for obtaining the queue of file to be scanned;
Virus scan unit, each file to be scanned in the queue is carried out for the plurality of virus scanning engine to be respectively adopted Scanning;
Scanning result returning unit, for being chosen for each file to be scanned in the scanning result of the plurality of virus scanning engine Scanning result of the confidence level highest as the file to be scanned.
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