CN103617749B - A kind of airborne land dummy instruction management system and management method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of airborne land dummy instruction management system and management method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of airborne land dummy instruction management system, comprise instruction logging modle, instruction identification module, stereotyped command database, instruction storage library, instruction configuration module, flight planning module and instruction comparison module, pass through voice recognition technology, the empty Speech Communication in land is carried out to the instruction identification of robotization, filter out useful mandatory data thus, by record and Presentation Function, help the empty both sides' correct understanding call in land intention, effectively improve Speech Communication quality; And automatically instruction is changed into the executable data command of machine, decrease artificial loading error; And then by computer technology, the robotization realizing mandatory data and flight planning configures and revises, the security level of General Promotion Speech Communication and operating efficiency.The present invention, by robotization means, completes a series of application such as the identification of speech and the various instruction of character, verification, configuration and monitoring cockpit crew misoperation, is conducive to strengthening flight safety, improves spatial domain benefit.
Description
Technical field
This technology relates to autoflight system category, is specifically related to utilize voice recognition technology, realizes robotization land dummy instruction discrimination capabilities, realizes robotization application of instruction management function, reduces the method and apparatus of cockpit crew's labour intensity and operating mistake.
Background technology
The present age, the automatic flight function of aircraft was realized by the synergy of flight management system, flight control system and autothrottle system.Wherein, by keyboard or knob, the initial work of aerial mission is carried out to flight management system by cockpit crew, flight management system is according to the input of aircrew, such as weather, course line, highly, the data such as speed and fuel oil, calculate and optimize aerial mission, generating the Flight Plan Through Intermediate Stops from takeoff and anding, and the dependent instruction of this flight planning is supplied to flight control system operating aircraft, there is provided individual to autothrottle system steering maneuver device, realize robotization flight thus.
Cockpit crew has the instruction of three major types aerial mission usually.One is the aerial mission of airline schedules center dispatch; Two is traffic administration instructions that air traffic control personnel assign in flight course; Three is that the operation that cockpit crew makes according to actual conditions such as weather determines.
The approach that cockpit crew obtains instruction has three kinds.One be air traffic control department reply flight planning and written instructions; Two is the e-command and the character instruction that utilize plane radio to set up the air-ground data communication chain reception and registration between the sky of land; Three is the Speech Communication by plane radio, i.e. voice commands.
Under prior art level and appointed condition, Speech Communication is ground and cockpit crew's means of communication the most easily, is secondly the character information of air-ground data communication chain.Therefore, the division of labor of existing communication mode is, Speech Communication transmit flight safety directly related at once, the important or instruction that needs the other side directly to respond; Other modes such as papery or air-ground data communication chain communication mode, for transmitting the directly related information of non-flight safety, such as flight planning, navigational intelligence and airline's operation demand.
Due to the defect of wireless communication technology self, such as easily disturbed by other equipment, even Changes in weather, call personnel accent, ability to express are uneven, especially L proficiency, in addition the air traffic pressure that contemporary airport is more and more busier, the misinterpretation that Speech Communication causes is the key factor causing aviation accident always.
On March 27th, 1977, two frame Boeing-747 aircrafts bump against in Spain, cause two machines totally 583 passengers and crew be murdered, be airplane crash event maximum in the world up to now, immediate cause is exactly the instruction that cockpit crew has misread air traffic control personnel.
In past more than 30 year, various technology is able to general advance, but the situation that the aloft aphasis of air transportation causes airplane crash or dangerous situation to occur, does not change so far.
On July 6th, 2013, the accident before the OZ214 flight performing South Korea Seoul-san francisco, usa lands of Han Ya mono-frame Boeing 777 airplane, cause three Chinese Human-Female students to be murdered, dozens injured, aircraft is damaged.In this accident, because the instrument landing system (ILS) on airport, San Francisco is in service mode, there is no the guide of instrument glide path, namely can not automatic Landing, the manual operation of flight unit declines, and requires that land is linked up timely and effectively.The recording of cockpit voice recording instrument shows, at crucial moment, Korea S pilot cannot carry out effective English communication with San Francisco air traffic control personnel.For this reason, US Federal Aviation Administration promptly announces, foreign airline is necessary instrumentation approach procedure in San Francisco, reduces communication demand.
On August 31st, 2013, management board of China Civil Aviation the Northwest official website bulletin: on August 19th, 2013, Korea S of Korean Air company limited Qingzhou to Xi'an KAL9831 flight when Xian Xianyang International Airport lands, do not press control order perform approach procedure, after landed by radar vectoring.Office side requires that Korean Air is taken measures, and strengthens flight unit professional ability, particularly English level, no-fly Xi'an in the flight unit 1 year performing this flight.
On September 3rd, 2013, Korean Air public relation department sends written material and claims, and the left runway 05L of control zone Xi'an, Xi'an control order was interpreted as right runway 05R by great Han crew by mistake at that time, really occurred unsafe incidents.Korean Air is admitted, censuring L and R due to left and right runway in English has certain similarity, and both sides link up and go wrong.
The operation of aircraft in landing process is the busiest and complicated, needs Speech Communication, links up and response so that quick.Simultaneously, actual traffic situation is understood for making other flight units, any cockpit crew can listen to the call of other aircrafts and air traffic control personnel by dedicated channel, check whether and the aerial mission conflict of oneself or relevant, this work is referred to as " keep and listen ".In addition, cockpit crew also needs to continue to listen to front aerodrome and air route information.These aerodrome and sail information, by the on-site public frequency broadcast in airport, are referred to as " lead to and broadcast ".
Nowadays, the air traffic of large airport, especially hub is increasing, simple and clear in the urgent need to land sky call, fast and accurately, avoids cross-question and correction, saves radio channel resources, so that the empty caller in other lands uses; Meanwhile, as the important step ensureing flight safety and flight benefit, cockpit crew must conscientiously " keep and listen " and the moment checks " lead to and broadcast " information.But the investigation statistics digital proof of international industry, only have 20% relevant to the aerial mission of the machine by keeping the flight message of listening acquisition, this is the key factor causing cockpit crew's labour intensity too high.
International Civil Aviation Organization the flying fatigue of cockpit crew and aircraft when near airports runs with other flying activities conflict that to confirm as be the hazards that contemporary air transportation is flown." keep and listen " work of aircrew and be the work load of cockpit crew and air traffic control personnel in the voice activity communication of strang country, especially when running into the conditions such as bad weather, liaison task is increased sharply.In addition, under existing traffic control system, aircraft is from ground to aerial take-off process, and from aerial to the landing mission on ground, be made up of ground control, airdrome control and air traffic control three special voice frequencys respectively, call volume is concentrated especially, and channel switch is frequent, easily causes the error of operation and language understanding.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of airborne land dummy instruction management system, pass through voice recognition technology, the empty Speech Communication in land is carried out to the instruction identification of robotization, filter out useful mandatory data thus, by record and Presentation Function, help the empty both sides' correct understanding call in land intention, effectively improve Speech Communication quality; By voice recognition technology, automatically instruction is changed into the executable data command of machine, decrease artificial loading error; Meanwhile, by computer technology, the character instruction information of screening and collection air-ground data communication chain, guarantees that all instructions are all received and identify; And then by computer technology, the robotization realizing mandatory data and flight planning configures and revises, the security level of General Promotion Speech Communication and operating efficiency.
Goal of the invention of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of airborne land dummy instruction management system, comprises:
Instruction logging modle 1, for gathering the Speech Communication information coming from aeronautical radio station 2, navigational intelligence leads to the speech information broadcasting 3 and the character instruction data message coming from air-ground data communication chain 4;
Instruction identification module 5, for passing through voice recognition technology, change speech into data message, add character instruction data message, by calling the information of stereotyped command database 7, compare, and be sent to engine instruction and unit warning system 13 and air-ground data communication chain, tentatively confirmed and be sent to instruction storage library 6 to store by cockpit crew and terrestrial air traffic administration personnel;
Stereotyped command database 7, is provided with " the English radio land sky dialogue term manual of standards " database of International Civil Aviation Organization's regulation and the computer instruction form database of air traffic services;
Instruction storage library 6, for recording the Speech Communication information of identification, navigational intelligence lead to broadcast, the speech of air-ground data communication chain and character information so that cockpit crew checks these history communicated at any time;
Instruction configuration module 8, for according to the flight planning in flight planning module 9, identifies the task relevant to the machine, completes and configure the robotization of its relevant parameter, so that aircrew adopts execution, and is delivered to by dependent instruction in instruction comparison module 10;
Flight planning module 9, for the flight planning that record-setting flight management system 11 and Electronic Flight Instrument 12 are performing; It can also utilize the flight planning modify feature in flight management system, or self load corresponding flight planning amendment application program, carry out the budget after modifying of order and preview, make aircrew globally understand these instructions to affect the aerial mission that the machine performs, be conducive to the efficient coordination of the empty personnel in land; And
Instruction comparison module 10, the instruction automatic Proofreading inputted for the instruction that configured by instruction configuration module 8 and aircrew and the input value of check flight personnel, if there is mistake, then send alarm.
Further, the instruction checking of described instruction comparison module 10 also for configuring instruction configuration module 8, once find that this instruction fails to perform, then sends alarm.
Further, described instruction comparison module 10 also carries out self-verifying for the instruction that configured by instruction configuration module 8 and final execution result, once there is deviation because of various reasons, then sends alarm.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the management method of a kind of airborne land dummy instruction management system, comprises following steps:
Step one, instruction logging modle 1 gather and record the Speech Communication information, the navigational intelligence that come from aeronautical radio station 2 and lead to the speech information broadcasting 3 and the character instruction data message coming from air-ground data communication chain 4.
These direct information instruction identification module 5 are carried out data processing by step 2, instruction logging modle 1, complete speech recognition and character recognition, and are sent to instruction storage library 6 and this are recorded, so that cockpit crew checks these history communicated at any time.
The speech identified and character and stereotyped command database 7 contrast by step 3, instruction identification module 5, thus screen out authentic and valid instruction, air-ground data communication chain is issued in generation instruction and engine indicates and unit warning system, is confirmed by terrestrial air traffic administration personnel and cockpit crew.
Step 4, after these instructions are confirmed, these direct information instruction configuration modules 8.
Step 5, instruction configuration module 8 are according to flight planning and fly dynamically, complete the automatic configuration of institute's recognition instruction, so that aircrew adopts execution.
The input value of the instruction that instruction configuration module 8 configures by step 6, instruction comparison module 10 and the instruction automatic Proofreading that aircrew inputs and check flight personnel, if there is mistake, then sends alarm.
The instruction that instruction configuration module 8 configures by step 7, instruction comparison module 10 and final execution result carry out self-verifying, once there is deviation because of various reasons, then send alarm.
The instruction checking that step 8, instruction comparison module 10 pairs of instruction configuration modules 8 configure, once find that this instruction fails to perform, then sends alarm.
Step 9, flight planning module 9 utilize the flight planning modify feature in flight management system, or self load corresponding flight planning amendment application program, carry out the budget after modifying of order and preview.
And have compared with technology mutually, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1) by automatic voice recognition technology, the empty Speech Communication in land is screened and screened; By computer technology, the instruction in air-ground data communication chain is screened and screened; By display technique, visual confirmation can be carried out by call personnel; By recording technique, preserve these instructions, so that cockpit crew calls reference at any time.
2) by the information processing technology, such as computing machine, realizes the land dummy instruction management system that the present invention proposes.The instruction that robotization can screen out by this device, comprises the response speech information of cockpit crew, and the air traffic control personnel passing to ground automatically confirm, improve transmission efficiency, save radio channel resources, improve Airport Operation efficiency.
3) dummy instruction management system in land contrasts existing flight planning, the instruction that automatic screening is relevant to the machine aerial mission, realizes robotization and " keeps and listen " function, effectively reduce the labour intensity of cockpit crew, reduces flying fatigue.
4) dummy instruction management system in land contrasts existing flight planning, and the robotization realizing instruction upgrades and configuration, by display interface, points out these to upgrade and configuration to aircrew.
5) dummy instruction management system in land is by flight planning modify feature, carries out budget and preview to these new instructions, and making aircrew globally understand these instructions affects the aerial mission that the machine performs, and is conducive to the efficient coordination of the empty personnel in land.
6) when cockpit crew manual amendment instruction, by robotization comparing function, land dummy instruction management system reduces the loading error of aircrew to greatest extent, or omits the instruction issue performing air traffic control personnel.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: the structural representation being the present invention airborne land dummy instruction management system
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the computer instruction form database of " the English radio land sky dialogue term manual of standards " database having International Civil Aviation Organization's regulation in standard instruction database 7 and the air traffic services that has International Civil Aviation Organization to specify, instruction logging modle 1 is for gathering the Speech Communication information coming from aeronautical radio station 2, navigational intelligence leads to the speech information broadcasting 3 and the character instruction data message coming from air-ground data communication chain 4, instruction identification module 5 passes through voice recognition technology, based on " English radio land sky dialogue term manual of standards " database, the speech of the empty personnel in land is carried out to the automatic identification of director data, such as, when speech is input as " B-2301, MU5403 flight, to climb ten thousand metres, terminate " time, identification software can identify " aircraft number of registration B-2301 ", " flight MU5403, Shanghai-Chengdu ", " ten thousand metres of climbing " these four information, be presented on flight displays, confirmed by cockpit crew.Meanwhile, according to the digitized processing after identification, also automatically this information is sent back to terrestrial air traffic administration personnel by air-ground data communication chain and confirm.
Instruction identification module 5, by character instruction recognition function, by the data acquisition of air-ground data communication chain and comparative analysis, identifies command information wherein in time.
If cockpit crew, or the instruction that terrestrial air traffic administration personnel are unconfirmed identified, these instructions process as " without confirmation ".The mark of " without confirming " realizes by color or font difference.These unidentified information only supply cockpit crew's reference.
Whether the instruction no matter automatically identified is through confirming, the command information after identification all puts into instruction storage library 6 record automatically, so that cockpit crew recalls reference at any time.
Dependent instruction identification and confirm after, the flight planning correlation parameter that flight management system is performing by land dummy instruction management system automatically associates.Such as, identify " aircraft number of registration B-2301 ", " flight MU5403; Shanghai-Chengdu ", after " ten thousand metres of climbing " these four information, instruction configuration module 8 automatically contrasts the flight planning module 9 in flight management system reason immediately, by " aircraft number of registration B-2301 ", " flight MU5403 " these two instructions, are confirmed to be the aerial mission that the machine performs; By " ten thousand metres of climbing " this instruction, instruction configuration module 10 is automatically configured in the flight planning of flight management system, namely according to the automatic input of the digitalized commands of these " ten thousand metres ", flight management system completes amendment flight planning automatically, submit to cockpit crew to check and confirm, farthest reduce the workload that cockpit crew manually inputs, reduce human error's chance thus.
Instruction comparison module 10 will realize following functions:
Auditory function is kept in robotization: by the dialog context of the empty personnel in automatically-monitored all lands, utilizes based on the relevant information with this scheduled mission, refines the dependent instruction with this schedule flight.The information that this aerial mission is correlated with refers to the sail information in the flight planning performed in flight management system, such as predetermined use course line, way point, flying speed, flying height, turning point, predetermined use spatial domain, air corridor, runway and the information such as shelter bridge of ascending the throne.
Robotization is kept auditory function and will automatically the sky call instruction of all lands be compared with these relevant informations.Once find relevant, then automatically show and be prompted to cockpit crew and note.
When cockpit crew confirms, these command informations are associated with the predetermined information of this schedule flight automatically.If cockpit crew confirms amendment, then automatically modify, operated by input through keyboard without the need to cockpit crew, raise the efficiency, greatly reduce the error of manual operation input.
Robotization error-disable function: the comparing function utilizing robotization, carries out the mistake proofing inspection of four levels.
Ground floor mistake proofing is, if cockpit crew is by keyboard or knob modify instruction, the height value of the manual amendment of such as cockpit crew is 23,800 feet; But the digitalized commands of the empty conversational speech identification in land is 32,800 feet.Namely applied by this function, identify that the instruction of flight unit people amendment and the instruction of air traffic control personnel may exist contradiction.Propose to warn for this difference, ask cockpit crew to carry out being confirmed whether input error occurs, or misinterpretation.
In the KAL9831 flight example of Korean Air on August 19 in 2013, when Korea S's unit because misread, and when taking to land to Xian Xianyang International Airport 05R runway, this device lands because speech recognition is 05L, therefore this directionality mistake will be found at once, point out at once, the surface instruction that this device identifies is 05L.
Second layer mistake proofing is, if cockpit crew makes aircraft fly to 238,000 feet by practical operation, but the instruction of the empty conversational speech identification in land is 328,000 feet, and application of instruction management devices is once to detect actual deviation excessive, propose warning information, submit to cockpit crew to check confirmation.In the KAL9831 flight example of Korean Air on August 19 in 2013, when Korea S's unit because misread, and when taking to land to Xian Xianyang International Airport 05R runway, this device such as, because can pass through the data in air-ground dialogue Data-Link, the data of ADS-B, and the aircraft flying before identifying in time to land is all land on 05L runway, therefore this directionality mistake will be found at once, pointing out at once, aircraft before this device identifies, is not all that 05R runway lands at 05L runway.
Similarly, on July 6th, 2013, in the Boeing 777 of the Han Ya OZ214 flight example when san francisco, usa lands, in default of the guide of instrument glide path, lack the protection to decline section, must manual operation decline.If there is this device, this device such as, because can pass through the data in air-ground dialogue Data-Link, the data of ADS-B, the actual decline section of the aircraft landed is flown before timely identification, can be found by contrast, the decline section of this aircraft is higher before this, then seriously on the low side.So Han Ya fly unit just have can actual can reference decline section guide, the generation of this accident can be avoided.
Third layer mistake proofing is that originally cockpit crew correctly performs instruction, but revises because of various reasons afterwards, such as, carries out provisional height change to evade front thunderstorm, then forgets the height recovering command request.According to the setting of system, after deviation reaches certain hour, application of instruction management devices reminds cockpit crew check and be confirmed whether perform original instruction.
4th layer of mistake proofing is that cockpit crew employs certain function mistakenly, causes a certain instruction to fail to be performed.At this moment, can this missing term of Timeliness coverage, reminded immediately and warned.On July 6th, 2013, the Boeing 777 of Han Ya OZ214 flight is when san francisco, usa lands, it is minimum approach speed that cockpit crew sets 137 joints, but be provided with the function of auto-throttle mistakenly, and think that auto-throttle can keep 137 joint speed, be negligent of monitoring, cause air speed too low and smash.If apply this device, this device contrasts the deviation that aircraft present speed and preset value 137 save automatically, once find that deviation transfinites, such as, in present event, auto-throttle fails response because flight unit arranges mistake, then can alarm, saves aircraft.
Subsidiary function is coordinated in robotization: when performing robotization instruction configuration application function, flight planning module can utilize the flight planning modify feature in flight management system, or self load corresponding flight planning amendment application program, budget and preview are carried out to the effect of modify instruction, cockpit crew thus can the Scientific evaluation ground traffic control management personnel requirement amendment feasibility of Current Flight Plan, rationality and security, carry out fully in time coordinating and consulting.
Such as, when above-mentioned requirements climb ten thousand metres instruction input after, this device is by the correlation function of flight management system, preview its climbing performance at once, and the characterization result that will climb is shown to cockpit crew's assessment, is conducive to coordinating feasibility and the rationality of the instruction of these ten thousand metres of climbing with terrestrial air traffic administration personnel at once.On July 6th, 2013, the Boeing 777 of Han Ya OZ214 flight is when san francisco, usa lands, because it is comparatively harsh that what San Francisco terrestrial air traffic administration personnel provided enter nearly permissive condition, cause cockpit crew's operating aircraft from higher fast on the low side partially slow, finally smash.If utilize the preview function of this device, cockpit crew identifies this risk in advance, and terrestrial air traffic administration personnel coordinate more reasonable and safer descent clearance again with San Francisco.
Claims (8)
1. an airborne land dummy instruction management system, comprises:
Instruction logging modle (1), for gathering the Speech Communication information coming from aeronautical radio station (2), navigational intelligence is logical to be broadcast the speech information of (3) and comes from the character instruction data message of air-ground data communication chain (4);
Instruction identification module (5), for passing through voice recognition technology, change speech into data message, add character instruction data message, by calling the information of stereotyped command database (7), compare, and be sent to engine instruction and unit warning system (13) and air-ground data communication chain, tentatively confirmed by cockpit crew and terrestrial air traffic administration personnel and be sent to instruction storage library (6) to store;
Stereotyped command database (7), is provided with " the English radio land sky dialogue term manual of standards " database of International Civil Aviation Organization's regulation and the computer instruction form database of air traffic services;
Instruction storage library (6), for recording the Speech Communication information of identification, navigational intelligence leads to and broadcasts and the speech of air-ground data communication chain and character information, so that cockpit crew checks these history communicated at any time;
Instruction configuration module (8), for according to the flight planning in flight planning module (9), identify the task relevant to the machine, complete and the robotization of its relevant parameter is configured, so that aircrew adopts execution, and dependent instruction is delivered in instruction comparison module (10);
Flight planning module (9), for the flight planning that record-setting flight management system (11) and Electronic Flight Instrument (12) are performing; And
Instruction comparison module (10), the instruction automatic Proofreading inputted for the instruction that configured by instruction configuration module (8) and aircrew and the input value of check flight personnel, if there is mistake, then send alarm.
2. one according to claim 1 airborne land dummy instruction management system, it is characterized in that the instruction checking of described instruction comparison module (10) also for configuring instruction configuration module (8), once find that this instruction fails to perform, then send alarm.
3. one according to claim 1 airborne land dummy instruction management system, it is characterized in that described instruction comparison module (10) also carries out self-verifying for the instruction that configured by instruction configuration module (8) and final execution result, once there is deviation because of various reasons, then send alarm.
4. one according to claim 1 airborne land dummy instruction management system, it is characterized in that described flight planning module (9) utilizes the flight planning modify feature in flight management system, or self load corresponding flight planning amendment application program, carry out the budget after modifying of order and preview, making aircrew globally understand these instructions affects the aerial mission that the machine performs.
5. the management method of a kind of airborne land according to claim 1 dummy instruction management system, is characterized in that comprising following steps:
The collection of step one, instruction logging modle (1) and record come from the Speech Communication information of aeronautical radio station (2), and navigational intelligence is logical to be broadcast the speech information of (3) and comes from the character instruction data message of air-ground data communication chain (4);
These direct information instruction identification module (5) are carried out data processing by step 2, instruction logging modle (1), complete speech recognition and character recognition, and be sent to instruction storage library (6) and this recorded, so that cockpit crew checks these history communicated at any time;
The speech identified and character and stereotyped command database (7) contrast by step 3, instruction identification module (5), thus screen out authentic and valid instruction, air-ground data communication chain is issued in generation instruction and engine indicates and unit warning system, is confirmed by terrestrial air traffic administration personnel and cockpit crew;
Step 4, after these instructions are confirmed, these direct information instruction configuration modules (8);
Step 5, instruction configuration module (8) are according to flight planning and fly dynamically, complete the automatic configuration of institute's recognition instruction, so that aircrew adopts execution;
The input value of the instruction that instruction configuration module (8) configures by step 6, instruction comparison module (10) and the instruction automatic Proofreading that aircrew inputs and check flight personnel, if there is mistake, then sends alarm.
6. the management method of a kind of airborne land according to claim 5 dummy instruction management system, is characterized in that also comprising following steps:
The instruction that instruction configuration module (8) configures by step 7, instruction comparison module (10) and final execution result carry out self-verifying, once there is deviation because of various reasons, then send alarm.
7. the management method of a kind of airborne land according to claim 6 dummy instruction management system, is characterized in that also comprising following steps:
The instruction checking that step 8, instruction comparison module (10) configure instruction configuration module (8), once find that this instruction fails to perform, then sends alarm.
8. the management method of a kind of airborne land according to claim 7 dummy instruction management system, is characterized in that also comprising following steps:
Step 9, flight planning module (9) utilize the flight planning modify feature in flight management system, or self load corresponding flight planning amendment application program, carry out the budget after modifying of order and preview.
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