CN103582116A - Locating method, base station and terminal - Google Patents
Locating method, base station and terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN103582116A CN103582116A CN201210270245.7A CN201210270245A CN103582116A CN 103582116 A CN103582116 A CN 103582116A CN 201210270245 A CN201210270245 A CN 201210270245A CN 103582116 A CN103582116 A CN 103582116A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a locating method. The locating method comprises the steps that both a base station and a terminal receive and transmit signals by using a beam forming antenna array; when locating is carried out on the shielded terminal, transmission signals between the terminal and the base station are reflected through a reflector and then reach the opposite end, and the position of the terminal is confirmed by using a transmission path passed through by the transmission signals and the included angle between the reflector and the horizontal direction. By means of the mode, although communication cannot be achieved between the terminal and the base station in the straight line direction due to a shielding object, the transmission signals between the shielded terminal and the base station can be reflected by the reflector and then reach the opposite end by arranging the reflector, and thus the locating of the terminal is carried out by using the transmission path passed through by the reflected transmission signals.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to millimetre-wave attenuator technology, particularly a kind of localization method, base station and terminal.
Background technology
Wavelength from 10 millimeters to 1 millimeter, the electromagnetic wave of frequency from 30 gigahertz (GHZ)s (GHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHZ)s (GHz) be called millimeter wave, utilizes method that millimeter wave communicates millimetre-wave attenuator.The millimetre-wave attenuator decimillimeter wave wave guide communication two large classes of communicating by letter with millimeter wqve radio.The advantage of millimetre-wave attenuator is:
1, available band is extremely wide, and millimere-wave band frequency bandwidth is 270 gigahertz (GHZ)s (GHz), is 10,000 times of whole short-wave band;
2, high directivity, good confidentiality;
3, disturb very little, the almost impact of static-free, cosmic interference and industrial interference, thereby communication is stable.
At present, the R&D work of 60GHz millimetre-wave attenuator just becomes increasingly active, and IEEE802.11 working group formulates IEEE802.11ad standard for 60GHz millimeter wave.This technological side, to application such as PC, digital household appliances, can be realized the ultrahigh speed wireless transmission that equipment room is counted Gbps.Under the actively promoting of Duo Jia in the field of business manufacturer, millimetre-wave attenuator application from now on will constantly be expanded.The problem that this technology faces is at present that components and parts cost is higher.Millimetre-wave attenuator is mainly used in realizing the non-compression high definition transmission of video in family now, if its application can extend to mobile phone and office equipment, so, along with the increase of shipment amount, its cost can significantly reduce.
Although millimetre-wave attenuator has the feature of high directivity, oxygen declines and rain declines to millimetre-wave attenuator obvious effect; Leaf also can be influential to millimetre-wave attenuator simultaneously.Therefore be, mainly in the indoor millimetre-wave attenuator of applying more at present.In order to improve millimetre-wave attenuator distance to adapt to outdoor mobile communication, just need to adopt beam forming technique; The diffraction Performance Ratio of millimeter wave is poor simultaneously, in non line of sight situation, substantially cannot communicate by letter.Feature based on above-mentioned millimeter wave, in the situation of single base station, cannot position by millimeter wave under non line of sight at present.
Summary of the invention
The application provides a kind of localization method, base station and terminal, in single base station applies the application of millimeter wave frequency band, can realize the accurate location of terminal under non line of sight.
, base station and terminal adopt beam forming aerial array to carry out signal transmitting and receiving, and the method for the terminal that location is blocked comprises:
Signal transmission between described terminal and described base station arrives opposite end after reverberation reflection;
Utilize transmission path that described signal transmission experiences and the angle of described reverberation and horizontal direction, determine the position of described terminal.
Preferably, the position of described reverberation and direction guarantee that the reflected signal of described base station covers the region being blocked.
Preferably, the mode of determining described terminal location comprises:
Determine that described base station sends or receive the angle β of beam forming direction and the horizontal direction of described signal transmission, and calculate angle theta=90-γ+β of line between described beam forming direction and base station and mirror image base station; Wherein, γ is the angle of described reverberation and horizontal direction;
Distance m=d/cos θ between calculation base station and pip, and according to the length S calculating pip of described m and described transmission path and the distance n=S-m of described terminal room; Wherein, d is the vertical range of base station and described reverberation; According to the air line distance of described m, n and θ calculation base station and described terminal room
According to the angle Ω=β+sin of the line of described n, θ, β and L calculation base station and described terminal and horizontal direction
-1(nsin2 θ/L).
Preferably, described terminal is by the length S of transmission path described in rssi measurement.
Preferably, the mode of determining described reverberation and horizontal direction angle comprises:
Measure in advance the angle of described reverberation and horizontal direction and preserve;
Or, the signal and/or the signal described reverberation of real-time measurement of terminal transmission and the angle of horizontal direction that utilize base station to send.
Preferably, by described base station, determined the position of described terminal.
, described base station arrives opposite end with the signal transmission of the terminal room that is blocked after reverberation reflection, and described base station and described terminal all adopt beam forming aerial array to carry out signal transmitting and receiving; This base station comprises interface unit and positioning unit;
Described interface unit, for sending or receive described signal transmission, and determines the beam forming direction of described signal transmission and the angle β of horizontal direction, sends to described positioning unit;
Described positioning unit, the vertical range of length S, described base station and described reverberation and the angle of described reverberation and horizontal direction of the transmission path experiencing for the β sending according to described interface unit, the described signal transmission obtaining, determine the position of described terminal.
Preferably, described interface unit, is further used for receiving the length S of the described transmission path that described terminal sends, and sends to described positioning unit.
Preferably, described base station further comprises memory cell, for preserving the described reverberation of measurement in advance and angle and/or the described vertical range of horizontal direction.
Preferably, described base station further comprises reverberation angular surveying unit, for according to the angle of reverberation described in the signal measurement of sending and receiving and horizontal direction;
And/or described base station further comprises vertical demension measurement unit, for according to vertical range described in the signal measurement of sending and receiving.
Preferably, described interface unit, is further used for receiving the described reverberation of described terminal transmission and the angle of horizontal direction.
, described terminal and the signal transmission being blocked between base station arrive opposite end after reverberation reflection, and described terminal and described base station all adopt beam forming aerial array to carry out signal transmitting and receiving; This terminal comprises interface unit and positioning unit;
Described interface unit, for sending or receive described signal transmission, receives the beam forming direction of described signal transmission and the angle β of horizontal direction that base station sends, and described β is sent to described positioning unit;
Described positioning unit, the vertical range of length S, described base station and described reverberation and the angle of described reverberation and horizontal direction of the transmission path experiencing for the β sending according to described interface unit, the described signal transmission obtaining, determine the position of described terminal.
Preferably, described terminal further comprises path-length determining unit, for determining the length S of described transmission path, and sends to described positioning unit.
Preferably, described terminal further comprises memory cell, for preserving the described reverberation of measurement in advance and angle and/or the described vertical range of horizontal direction.
Preferably, described terminal further comprises reverberation angular surveying unit, for according to the angle of reverberation described in the signal measurement of sending and receiving and horizontal direction.
Preferably, described interface unit, is further used for receiving the described reverberation of described base station transmission and angle and/or the described vertical range of horizontal direction.
As seen from the above technical solution, in the application, base station and terminal all adopt beam forming aerial array to carry out signal transmitting and receiving, when being blocked the location of terminal, signal transmission between terminal and base station arrives opposite end after reverberation reflection, utilize transmission path that this signal transmission experiences and the angle of reverberation and horizontal direction, determine the position of terminal.By the way, although the rectilinear direction between terminal and base station is because shelter cannot be realized and communicating by letter, but, by reverberation, can make the terminal and the signal transmission between base station that are blocked arrive opposite end after reverberation reflection, thereby the transmission path that utilizes this signal transmission being reflected to experience carry out the location of terminal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the particular flow sheet of localization method in the application;
Fig. 2 is the beam forming direction exemplary plot of base station and terminal;
Fig. 3 is the communication scheme of base station and terminal in non line of sight situation;
Fig. 4 is the abstract calculating schematic diagram of a kind of definite terminal location of providing of the application;
The architecture of base station schematic diagram that Fig. 5 provides for the application;
The terminal structure schematic diagram that Fig. 6 provides for the application.
Embodiment
In order to make the application's object, technological means and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the application is described in further details.
The application's basic thought is: base station and the terminal being blocked utilize the reflection of reverberation to realize signal transmission, thereby carry out terminal positioning.
For implementing the application's localization method, require base station to have reverberation around, for reflecting base station and the signal transmission of the terminal room that is blocked.Reverberation can be building etc., preferably the good object of reflecting properties.Wherein, reverberation can be for one or more, and preferably, its position and direction can guarantee the region that the reflected signal of base station is blocked in can coverage cell, thereby utilize corresponding reverberation to realize all standing of base station signal in community.Specifically can utilize existing building etc. as reverberation, if base station does not have suitable reverberation can carry out the reflection of signal transmission, also reverberation can be additionally set around.Meanwhile, for example, because some reverberation (building with reflection function) itself also may become shelter, the line communication of subregion is caused to obstacle, therefore when reverberation is set, also will consider the factor of this respect.Specifically, according to position and the direction of mentioned above principle How to choose reverberation, belong to those skilled in the art's common technology means, just repeat no more here.
Fig. 1 is the particular flow sheet of localization method in the application.Wherein, in the flow process shown in Fig. 1, take base station to be operated in millimeter wave frequency band as example, base station and terminal all adopt beam forming aerial array to carry out the transmitting-receiving of signal.As shown in Figure 1, the method terminal being blocked being positioned comprises:
Step 101, the signal transmission between terminal and base station arrives opposite end after reverberation reflection.
The signal that base station sends is incoming terminal after reverberation reflection, and correspondingly, the signal that terminal sends arrives base station after reverberation reflection.Because base station and terminal all adopt beam forming aerial array, therefore sending direction that can control signal, when determining that the signal transmitting by a direction can be by opposite end after correct reception, can when sending, next signal still according to identical beam forming direction, carry out reception and the transmission of signal, thereby can between terminal and base station, determine a relatively-stationary signal transmission path, this transmission path reflects through reverberation certainly.
For example, Fig. 2 is the beam forming direction exemplary plot of base station and terminal.Wherein, as shown in Figure 2, the base station of 3 sectors can adopt 8 narrow beams to cover 60 degree, and 48 narrow beams cover 360 degree; Terminal can adopt 4 wave beams to cover 360 degree.Terminal and base station adopt respectively the beam forming direction shown in shade in Fig. 2 to carry out signal transmitting and receiving.Certainly, base station and terminal also can adopt other beam forming direction, are only an example here.
Fig. 3 utilizes the schematic diagram of reverberation signal transmission between terminal and base station.As shown in Figure 3, have building 301 to block between terminal and base station, the tranmitting frequency of base station, at millimeter wave frequency band, adopts beam forming aerial array simultaneously, so base station and terminal cannot direct communications, and base station also cannot accurately position terminal; Using the building of base station periphery 302 as reverberation, by the signal reflex ability of this building 302, make base station realize and communicating by letter along transmission path 303 with terminal, and carry out terminal positioning by this transmission paths 303.
Step 102, utilizes transmission path that between terminal and base station, signal transmission experiences and the angle of described reverberation and horizontal direction, determines the position of terminal.
By the transmission path through reverberation reflection of mentioning in step 101, can realize the location, position of terminal.
Wherein, the application provides a kind of concrete locate mode following (as Fig. 3):
A, determine that base station sends or receive the beam forming direction of signal transmission and the angle β of horizontal direction;
Particularly, as previously mentioned, base station and terminal are carried out signal reception and transmission with certain direction, make opposite end can correctly receive signal.Here need definite base station side to carry out the angle β of beam forming direction and the horizontal direction of signal transmission or reception.
Angle theta=90-γ+β of line between the beam forming direction in b, calculation procedure a and base station and mirror image base station;
Wherein, γ is the angle of reverberation and horizontal direction, and before this step, this angle is known.Line and the horizontal sextant angle of the mirror image that base station and the reverberation of take are minute surface are α=90-γ, θ=alpha+beta.Before this step, can obtain γ by various feasible modes, make γ become known quantity.For example, measure in advance the angle of reverberation and horizontal direction, and preserve; Or, also can be in system running, the signal sending by base station is measured γ in real time, or also can by the mode of signal measurement, determine γ by terminal.The above-mentioned mode of obtaining γ is only also example, and the application does not limit for the obtain manner of γ.
Distance m=d/cos θ between c, calculation base station and pip, then according to the length S calculating pip of m and transmission path and the distance n=S-m of terminal room;
Wherein, d is the vertical range of base station and reverberation, can measure in advance definitely, also can according to the signal sending, be measured by base station, and the application is not construed as limiting this; The length S of transmission path can determine by rssi measurement by terminal, or, also can adopt other modes to determine, the application is not construed as limiting this.
D, according to the air line distance of m, n and θ calculation base station and terminal room
E, according to triangle sine, n/sin δ=L/sin2 θ can be obtained, based on this, δ=sin can be obtained
-1(nsin2 θ/L), the angle Ω=δ+β of the line of base station and terminal and horizontal direction.
As above just can determine air line distance L and the direction Ω of base station and terminal room.Then, can also further according to the coordinate of this L, Ω and base station, obtain the coordinate of terminal.
In addition, because the wave beam of common base station is narrower, the terminal location location of therefore being undertaken by base station is more accurate, therefore, preferably by base station, is carried out the operation of this step.Certainly, terminal also can be carried out the location of self in the manner described above, at this moment needs base station that relevant parameter β, L, d are sent to terminal.
So far, the localization method flow process in the application finishes.Meanwhile, the application also provides for implementing base station and the terminal of above-mentioned localization method.Wherein, when utilizing base station to realize positioning action, the architecture of base station that the application provides as shown in Figure 5, specifically comprises: interface unit and positioning unit.
Wherein, interface unit, for send or receiving terminal and base station between through the signal transmission of reverberation reflection, and determine the beam forming direction of this signal transmission and the angle β of horizontal direction, send to positioning unit.Positioning unit, the vertical range of length S, base station and described reverberation and the angle of reverberation and horizontal direction of the transmission path experiencing for the β sending according to interface unit, the signal transmission obtaining, determine the position of terminal.
In above-mentioned base station, for obtaining of S, γ and d, preferably can carry out according to following structure, can certainly adopt other architecture of base station to realize, the application is not construed as limiting this.
Wherein, for obtaining of path-length S, preferably, interface unit can be further used for the length S of the transmission path of receiving terminal transmission, and sends to positioning unit.
For obtaining of reverberation and horizontal direction angle γ, preferably, can further comprise in base station memory cell, for preserving the γ measuring in advance; Or, also can further comprise in base station reverberation angular surveying unit, for according to the signal measurement γ of sending and receiving; Or, the γ that can also utilize interface unit receiving terminal to send.
For obtaining of vertical range d between base station and reverberation, preferably, can further comprise in base station memory cell, for preserving the d measuring in advance; Or, also can further comprise in base station vertical demension measurement unit, for according to the signal measurement d of sending and receiving.
When utilizing terminal to realize positioning action, the terminal structure that the application provides as shown in Figure 6, specifically comprises: interface unit and positioning unit.
Wherein, interface unit, for send or receiving terminal and base station between through the signal transmission of reverberation reflection, receive the beam forming direction of signal transmission and the angle β of horizontal direction that base station sends, and β sent to described positioning unit.Positioning unit, the vertical range d of length S, base station and reverberation and the angle γ of reverberation and horizontal direction of the transmission path experiencing for the β sending according to interface unit, the signal transmission obtaining, determine the position of terminal.
In above-mentioned terminal, for obtaining of S, γ and d, preferably can carry out according to following structure, can certainly adopt other terminal structure to realize, the application is not construed as limiting this.
Wherein, for obtaining of path-length S, preferably, this terminal further comprises path-length determining unit, for determining the length S of transmission path, and sends to positioning unit.
For obtaining of reverberation and horizontal direction angle γ, preferably, can further comprise memory cell in terminal, for preserving the γ measuring in advance; Or, also can further comprise reverberation angular surveying unit in terminal, for according to the signal measurement γ of sending and receiving; Or, can also utilize interface unit to receive the γ that base station sends.
For obtaining of vertical range d between base station and reverberation, preferably, can further comprise memory cell in terminal, for preserving the d measuring in advance; Or, also can utilize interface unit to receive the d that base station sends.
From above-mentioned the application's technical scheme, the application utilizes reverberation, can be in single base station of millimeter wave frequency band, in non line of sight situation, realize communicating by letter and terminal positioning of terminal and base station.Certainly, the application is not limited only to implement in single base station of millimeter wave frequency band, for the base station of other communication systems, also can apply above-mentioned the application.
Meanwhile, further, owing to communicating with the terminal room that is blocked in base station in existing mobile communication system, normally utilize the mode of diffraction to carry out, and the terminal positioning of carrying out under diffraction mode distance is greater than the actual range of terminal and base station conventionally.And terminal positioning mode in the application can be utilized the mode of reflection, the accurate location of realizing terminal, has improved the accuracy of location with respect to the locate mode in existing mobile communication system.
In addition, when base station is operated in millimeter wave frequency band, because the frequency range of millimeter wave is wider, correspondingly the sampling interval shorter, therefore the sampling point error of sampling is less, therefore also can improve the accuracy of calculating, thereby further improves the accuracy of location.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (16)
1. a localization method, is characterized in that, base station and terminal adopt beam forming aerial array to carry out signal transmitting and receiving, and the method for the terminal that location is blocked comprises:
Signal transmission between described terminal and described base station arrives opposite end after reverberation reflection;
Utilize transmission path that described signal transmission experiences and the angle of described reverberation and horizontal direction, determine the position of described terminal.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the position of described reverberation and direction guarantee that the reflected signal of described base station covers the region being blocked.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, determines that the mode of described terminal location comprises:
Determine that described base station sends or receive the angle β of beam forming direction and the horizontal direction of described signal transmission, and calculate angle theta=90-γ+β of line between described beam forming direction and base station and mirror image base station; Wherein, γ is the angle of described reverberation and horizontal direction;
Distance m=d/cos θ between calculation base station and pip, and according to the length S calculating pip of described m and described transmission path and the distance n=S-m of described terminal room; Wherein, d is the vertical range of base station and described reverberation; According to the air line distance of described m, n and θ calculation base station and described terminal room
According to the angle Ω=β+sin of the line of described n, θ, β and L calculation base station and described terminal and horizontal direction
-1(nsin2 θ/L).
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described terminal is by the length S of transmission path described in rssi measurement.
5. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, determines that the mode of described reverberation and horizontal direction angle comprises:
Measure in advance the angle of described reverberation and horizontal direction and preserve;
Or, the signal and/or the signal described reverberation of real-time measurement of terminal transmission and the angle of horizontal direction that utilize base station to send.
6. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, is determined the position of described terminal by described base station.
7. a base station, is characterized in that, described base station arrives opposite end with the signal transmission of the terminal room that is blocked after reverberation reflection, and described base station and described terminal all adopt beam forming aerial array to carry out signal transmitting and receiving; This base station comprises interface unit and positioning unit;
Described interface unit, for sending or receive described signal transmission, and determines the beam forming direction of described signal transmission and the angle β of horizontal direction, sends to described positioning unit;
Described positioning unit, the vertical range of length S, described base station and described reverberation and the angle of described reverberation and horizontal direction of the transmission path experiencing for the β sending according to described interface unit, the described signal transmission obtaining, determine the position of described terminal.
8. base station according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described interface unit is further used for receiving the length S of the described transmission path that described terminal sends, and sends to described positioning unit.
9. base station according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described base station further comprises memory cell, for preserving the described reverberation of measurement in advance and angle and/or the described vertical range of horizontal direction.
10. base station according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described base station further comprises reverberation angular surveying unit, for according to the angle of reverberation described in the signal measurement of sending and receiving and horizontal direction;
And/or described base station further comprises vertical demension measurement unit, for according to vertical range described in the signal measurement of sending and receiving.
11. base stations according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described interface unit is further used for receiving the described reverberation of described terminal transmission and the angle of horizontal direction.
12. 1 kinds of terminals, is characterized in that, described terminal and the signal transmission being blocked between base station arrive opposite end after reverberation reflection, and described terminal and described base station all adopt beam forming aerial array to carry out signal transmitting and receiving; This terminal comprises interface unit and positioning unit;
Described interface unit, for sending or receive described signal transmission, receives the beam forming direction of described signal transmission and the angle β of horizontal direction that base station sends, and described β is sent to described positioning unit;
Described positioning unit, the vertical range of length S, described base station and described reverberation and the angle of described reverberation and horizontal direction of the transmission path experiencing for the β sending according to described interface unit, the described signal transmission obtaining, determine the position of described terminal.
13. terminals according to claim 12, is characterized in that, described terminal further comprises path-length determining unit, for determining the length S of described transmission path, and send to described positioning unit.
14. terminals according to claim 12, is characterized in that, described terminal further comprises memory cell, for preserving the described reverberation of measurement in advance and angle and/or the described vertical range of horizontal direction.
15. terminals according to claim 12, is characterized in that, described terminal further comprises reverberation angular surveying unit, for according to the angle of reverberation described in the signal measurement of sending and receiving and horizontal direction.
16. terminals according to claim 12, is characterized in that, described interface unit is further used for receiving the described reverberation of described base station transmission and angle and/or the described vertical range of horizontal direction.
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