CN103581273B - A kind of distributed system performs method, the apparatus and system of business - Google Patents

A kind of distributed system performs method, the apparatus and system of business Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103581273B
CN103581273B CN201210280813.1A CN201210280813A CN103581273B CN 103581273 B CN103581273 B CN 103581273B CN 201210280813 A CN201210280813 A CN 201210280813A CN 103581273 B CN103581273 B CN 103581273B
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server
service request
current
service
business
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CN103581273A (en
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舒宏旺
鲁嘉武
杨军海
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Alibaba Technology (Beijing) Co.,Ltd.
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Alibaba Group Holding Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D10/00Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides method, the apparatus and system that a kind of distributed system performs business, and the method is applied in the distributed system for include multiple servers, and wherein each server performs following step:Current server receives the service request transmitted by terminal;Current server utilizes predefined server selection rule, determines the corresponding server for performing service request;Corresponding server performs the service request.The application realizes the synchronous operation of business on the basis of without specially setting lock server, it is to avoid the existing resource consumption brought using lock server is larger, service request treatment effeciency relatively low problem.

Description

A kind of distributed system performs method, the apparatus and system of business
Technical field
The application is related to communication technical field, more particularly to a kind of distributed system performs the method for business, device and is System.
Background technology
In existing communication network technology, distributed application program is accomplished a task jointly by network.It is logical It is often server/customer end pattern.
Under Distributed Application (such as common J2EE), because multiple servers receive user's request parallel, and have When need to control certain service concurrence and keep synchronous operation, the structural representation of existing distributed system as shown in Figure 1 Figure, the system include some servers, such as server 101, server 102 and server 103, in addition, this system it A stand lock server 104 is also specially provided with outward, is communicated with server 101, server 102 and server 103 respectively. Operationally, terminal 105 sends service request to system to lock server 104, is unlocked by lock server 104 and is analyzed determination Which go out this service request by platform server to perform.For example, it is assumed that lock server 104 is determined and performed by server 101, meeting Above-mentioned service request is sent to server 101, the service request is performed by server 101, and by business after the completion of execution Result is sent to lock server 104, and terminal 105 is returned to by lock server 104, and this system can only be by setting outside system Lock server could in a distributed system realize the synchronization of business.
Although above-mentioned distributed system can realize the synchronous operation of business, because all of service request will be first It is sent to lock server to be processed, is determined by the lock server and which platform server is business is performed by, on the one hand, lock server Resource consumption it is larger, the requirement to locking server software and hardware resources is higher, on the other hand, as distributed system business is multiple The frequent degree of miscellaneous degree and service request is continuously increased, for such framework, it is clear that there is also service request treatment effeciency compared with Low problem.
The content of the invention
The embodiment of the present application provides method, the apparatus and system that a kind of distributed system performs business, without special Set on the basis of lock server, realize the synchronous operation of business, it is to avoid the existing resource brought using lock server is disappeared Consume larger, the relatively low problem of service request treatment effeciency.
Based on the method that above mentioned problem, a kind of distributed system that the embodiment of the present application is provided perform business, including:Currently Server receives the service request transmitted by terminal;The current server utilizes predefined server selection rule, it is determined that Go out the corresponding server for performing the service request;The corresponding server performs the service request.
A kind of distributed system that the embodiment of the present application is provided performs the device of business, including:Receiver module, for receiving The service request transmitted by terminal;Determining module, for being determined for performing using predefined server selection rule State the execute server of service request;Performing module, it is described for being performed when the execute server is itself corresponding device Service request.
A kind of distributed system that the embodiment of the present application is provided, including multiple above-mentioned devices, between described device It is in communication with each other.
The embodiment of the present application provides method, the apparatus and system that a kind of distributed system performs business, works as service request When having access to the server in distributed system, determine to perform the clothes of this service request using predefined server selection rule Business device, then performs service request by execute server, and so, the service request that terminal is initiated can be by distributed system Each server decentralized processing, each server is likely to oneself go to perform or calls other servers to perform, and Certain or certain server will not be concentrated on to perform, so as to substantially increase the treatment effeciency of distributed service request;In addition, This distributed system goes to process these service requests without the special lock server that sets again, saves the cost of system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of existing distributed lock service system;
The method flow diagram of the distributed system execution business that Fig. 2 is provided for the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart that corresponding server performs service request step;
The cut-away view of the device of the distributed system execution business that Fig. 4 is provided for the embodiment of the present application.
Specific embodiment
With reference to Figure of description, a kind of method of distributed system execution business provided the embodiment of the present application, Apparatus and system specific embodiment is illustrated.
The method that the distributed system that the embodiment of the present application is provided for convenience of explanation performs business, is applied to include multiple In the distributed system of server, below the server that initial receiving terminal in distributed system sends service request is referred to as working as Preceding server;And the server referred to as corresponding server of the service request is actually performed in distributed system.
As shown in Fig. 2 the method that the distributed system that the embodiment of the present application is provided performs business, specific to perform following step Suddenly:
S201:Current server receives the service request transmitted by terminal;
It is preferred that in step s 201, the service request of terminal transmission can be the different requests under different business scene. For example, under distributed synchronization business scenario, service request can be " number of times to browsing current page carries out Jia 1 operation, and Count the total degree of current browse webpage ";Under Distributed Time program scene, service request can be again the money with HTML5 Source file time management program is relevant.Service request also to be access request of a variety of applications of correspondence etc., herein not Enumerate specific service request one by one again.
S202:Current server utilizes predefined server selection rule, determines for performing the right of service request Answer server;
S203:Corresponding server performs service request.
Further, when the embodiment of the present application is specifically performed, after above-mentioned steps S201 has been performed, step is performed Before S202, can also comprise the steps:
S204:Current server judges whether service request includes the service parameter value that can synchronously perform, if so, then Step S202 is performed, if it is not, then performing step S205;
S205:Current server performs service request, and the result for performing service request is returned into terminal.
Specifically, in the business parameters data of service request, the form of expression of some service parameters can be unique Numerical information, for example, the ID of Website page, these service parameters are referred to as service parameter value, this are received in current server When planting service parameter value, according to predefined server selection rule, gone to perform by specified corresponding server, i.e. current service Device can specify when this service parameter value is received, all and go to perform with the service parameter value corresponding server, thus can be with Realize that service parameter value runs purpose on same server.For example, terminal is browsing the page on a certain website, terminal The server allowed in distributed system browses the number of times of specific webpage to count in a time period, now service request can be with It is " number of times to browsing the specific webpage carries out Jia 1 operation, and counts the total degree for currently browsing the specific webpage ", it is general every One service ID of individual browsing pages correspondence, this service ID is the service parameter value that can be synchronously performed as the service request, Also other similar service requests comprising the service parameter value that can synchronously perform no longer are illustrated one by one herein;In addition, also having Not comprising service parameter value or comprising the service parameter value that can not synchronously perform in the business parameters data of some service requests, For example, " the transmitted merchandise news of storage ", this request does not just include service parameter value.
In the embodiment of the present application, the predefined server selection rule in above-mentioned steps S202 can be according to actual industry Business demand sets, and is not limited in following embodiments.For example, including the service parameter value that can synchronously perform in service request In the case of, current server utilizes predefined server selection rule, determines the correspondence clothes for performing service request Business device, can be accomplished in the following manner:
Current server determines corresponding server using formula f (x)=y, wherein, x be service request included can The synchronous service parameter value for performing, y is the index of corresponding server;Y is not more than the sum of current line server.
Specifically, f (x)=y can be many kinds of function, as long as the function of value of y according to the value of x, can be uniquely determined out all Can.For example, modulo operation is carried out to the sum of current line server using service parameter value or business's computing etc. is taken, the application reality Example is applied for not limited using which kind of function specifically.
Current server is taken using formula f (x)=y determinations are corresponding with reference to embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 The specific implementation of business device is illustrated.
Embodiment one:
Current server carries out modulo operation using service parameter value to the sum of current line server, obtains correspondence and takes The index of business device, and according to the index of the corresponding server for obtaining, corresponding correspondence is inquired about in current line server list Server.
In the embodiment of the present application, because server currently online in distributed system can be change, then be Ensure that each service request can be processed in time, it is preferred that each server in distributed system can also be real When ground according to the whether online state change of each server in distributed system, update current line server list;At this In application embodiment, specifically can be by the component (such as the congServer components or other classes that are arranged in each server Like component) obtain the whether online state change information of each server.So, when certain server receives service request, The server determined ensure that all be line server.
Illustrated by current server of server a below:
Terminal to server a sends one, and " number of times to browsing current page carries out Jia 1 operation, and counts and currently browse The service request of the total degree of the page ", after judging through server a, this browsing pages includes the synchronous service parameter value for performing, example Such as:ID=8, when terminal to server a sends this service request, 4 current line servers that server a gets point It is not server a, server b, server c and server d, to each server generation index, and according to index kimonos Business device mark generation one current line server list, such as table 1 below:
Table 1
Index Server identification
0 Server a
1 Server b
2 Server c
3 Server d
After server a receives this service request, judge that this service request includes the service parameter that can synchronously perform Value, i.e., carry out modulo operation, i.e. 8/4=0 using service parameter value with the sum of current line server, has obtained corresponding with service The index of device be 0, further according to index for 0 inquired about in current line server list corresponding corresponding server be server a; Namely the machine.Corresponding server is defined for current server by said process.
Further, if terminal compartment sends identical service request to server a again after for a period of time, due to Changed before current online server is relative, in the case, such as server c is in down status, i.e., it is current online There are server a, server b and server d, now server a regenerates current line server list, such as table 2 below:
Table 2
Index Server identification
0 Server a
1 Server b
2 Server d
In the case, server a reuses service parameter value and carries out modulus fortune with the sum of current line server Calculate, 8/3=2, be no longer server a according to indexing as 2 inquire about corresponding corresponding server for server d in table 3, that is, pass through It is not current server that said process defines corresponding server.
In addition, when service request (the service parameter value changes that can synchronously perform for including) for receiving each time, together Sample is applied to the above method.The embodiment of the present application is in practical operation, and the change floating very little of current line server list is several Can ensure that same service request can be performed on same server, realize a synchronous execution for business.
Embodiment two:
Similar to above-described embodiment two, different is entered with the sum of current line server using service parameter value Row takes business's computing, obtains the index of corresponding server, so that it is determined that go out finally which server is service request is performed by, below Still illustrated by current server of server a:
After server a receives above-mentioned service request, because this service request includes the business that can synchronously perform ginseng Numerical value, i.e., carry out taking business's computing, i.e. 8/4=2 using service parameter value with the sum of current line server, has obtained corresponding clothes The be engaged in index of device is 2, and corresponding corresponding with service is inquired about (referring to table 1) in current line server list for 2 further according to index Device, determines that corresponding server, for server c, show that corresponding server is not the machine.Correspondence is determined by said process Server is not current server.
Further, if terminal compartment has access to server a again after for a period of time, if current online server Change, judge and operating process is with embodiment two, will not be repeated here.
Embodiment three:
When service parameter value of the service request parameter value more than setting, service request is performed by current server;Work as industry It is total with current line server using service parameter value when the service parameter value of business request is not more than the service parameter value of setting Number carries out modulo operation or takes business's computing, obtains the index of corresponding server;According to the index of the corresponding server for obtaining, working as Corresponding corresponding server is inquired about in preceding line server list.
It is preferred that the service parameter value of above-mentioned setting can set according to different business demands, and also can set It is multiple.
Illustrated by current server of server a below:
Terminal to server a sends one and " carries out Jia 1 operating to browsing the number of times that ID=11 is the page, and count this page Total degree " service request, in the service request comprising the service parameter value that can synchronously perform i.e.:ID=11, terminal to When server a sends this service request, 4 current line servers that server a gets are respectively server a, service Device b, server c and server d, to each server generation index, and generate one according to index and server identification Current line server list (such as table 1).
Assuming that during the corresponding server set in each server is established rules then really, the service parameter value for setting is 10, That is, as service parameter value (ID=10) of the service request parameter value more than setting, by the clothes for currently receiving the service request Device is engaged in perform service request;When the service parameter value of service request is not more than service parameter value (ID=10) of setting, utilize Service parameter value carries out modulo operation or takes business's computing with the sum of current line server, obtains the index of corresponding server simultaneously According to the index of the corresponding server for obtaining, corresponding corresponding server is inquired about in current line server list;In this reality Apply in example three by taking modulo operation as an example.
Thus, when server a receive that terminal sends " carry out Jia 1 operating to browsing the number of times that ID=11 is the page, And count the total degree of this page " service request (service parameter value is:When ID=11), server a judges that this business is joined More than the service parameter value (ID=10) of setting, then corresponding server is current server (server a) to numerical value.
When server a receives another service request (such as business in the service request that terminal sends again Parameter value is:When ID=8), server a judges that this service parameter value is not more than the service parameter value (ID=10) of setting, now Service parameter value (ID=8) is carried out into modulo operation, i.e. 8/4=0 with the sum (sum is 4) of current line server, is obtained The index of corresponding server is 0, and corresponding corresponding server is inquired about in current line server list for 0 further according to index, Referring to table 1, determine that corresponding server is current server (server a).
Further, if terminal compartment is initiated comprising the industry that can synchronously perform to server a again after for a period of time During the service request of parameter of being engaged in, if current online server is relatively changed before, judge and operating process be with embodiment one, Will not be repeated here.
In the embodiment of the present application, not comprising the situation for having the service parameter value that can synchronously perform in service request Under, for example, service request is " the transmitted merchandise news of storage ", judging not including through current server has and can synchronously hold Capable service parameter value, now performs this service request, and the result of execution is returned into terminal by current server.
In addition, in the case of not including the service parameter value that have and can synchronously perform in service request, current server Can also determine to perform industry according to the corresponding relation between the server of service request set in advance and execution service request The corresponding server of business request, the corresponding pass between this service request set in advance and the server for performing service request System, can correspond to realize by every service request with the index value (index value can be constant) of server.
With reference to example IV to it is above-mentioned according to service request set in advance with perform service request server it Between corresponding relation illustrate determining the implementation of corresponding server, still so that server a is as current server as an example:
Terminal to server a sends the service request of " the transmitted merchandise news of storage ", through in distributed system Server a judge that the service request does not include service parameter value, server a know it is current have 3 servers online, that is, exist Server a, server b, server c and manipulative indexing are included in line server list(Index can be the natural number of 1 ~ N); It is as shown in table 3 below:
Table 3
Index Server identification
0 Server a
1 Server b
2 Server c
In the case, because each server in distributed system has pre-saved default service request and held Corresponding relation between row service request, then, server a can be according to default service request and the service for performing service request Corresponding relation between device, it is determined that performing the server of this service request.For example, it is assumed that default by server that index value is 2 This service request is performed, as shown in table 1, the corresponding server of index value 2 is server c, it is determined that goes out server c and performs this industry Business request.
Further, in the embodiment of the present application, current server or corresponding server are using the synchronization of the machine itself Mechanism performs service request, and specifically, the synchronization mechanism of server can be by Java language, C Plus Plus etc. come real It is existing.
As shown in figure 3, in above-mentioned steps S203, corresponding server performs service request, specifically includes following step:
S301:Current server judges whether corresponding server is the machine, if so, step S302 is performed, if it is not, performing step Rapid S303;
S302:Current server holds service request, and the result for performing service request is returned into terminal;
S303:The service request that terminal sends is sent to corresponding server by current server.
In step S303, be sent to service request after corresponding server by current server, and corresponding server is held Row service request, and the result of the service request of execution is directly returned to terminal;Or
The result of the service request of execution is sent to current server by corresponding server, is sent out result by current server Give terminal.
In the embodiment of the present application, in the case where corresponding server is not current server, corresponding server with it is current The interactive mode of server can be realized by Transmission Control Protocol, Hessian agreements or Eb agreements.Certainly, the embodiment of the present application It is not limited to above-mentioned several communication protocols.
Based on same application design, the embodiment of the present application additionally provides a kind of distributed system and performs the device of business and divide Cloth system, by the method that the principle of this device and distributed system institute solve problem performs business with foregoing distributed system It is similar, therefore the implementation of the device and distributed system may refer to the implementation of preceding method, repeats part and repeats no more.
The distributed system that the embodiment of the present application is provided performs the device of business, as shown in figure 4, for the embodiment of the present application is carried The distributed system of confession performs the cut-away view of the device of business.Specifically include:
Receiver module 401, for receiving the service request transmitted by terminal;
Determining module 402, for being determined for performing holding for service request using predefined server selection rule Row server;
Performing module 403, for performing service request when execute server is itself corresponding device.
Further, server also includes:Judge module 404 and sending module 405,
Judge module 404, for judging whether execute server is device belonging to itself, if so, then performing module 403 Service request is performed, and the result for performing service request is returned into terminal;If it is not, then sending module 405 sends terminal Service request is sent to execute server.
Further, it is determined that module 402, specifically for determining execute server using formula f (x)=y, wherein, x is The service parameter value that can synchronously perform that service request is included, y is the index of execute server;Y is not more than current online The sum of server.
Specifically, it is determined that module 402 is to carry out modulo operation with the sum of current line server using service parameter value Or business's computing is taken, obtain the index of execute server;And according to the index of the execute server for obtaining, in current online service Corresponding execute server is inquired about in device list.
Further, generation module 406, for generating corresponding index to current each line server, it is 1 to index The natural number of ~ N;The mark of line server and corresponding index are generated into current line server list.
Update module 407, for according to the whether online state change of each server in distributed system, updating current Line server list.
The embodiment of the present application additionally provides a kind of distributed system, including the device that multiple the embodiment of the present application are provided, and And communicated between device.
The distributed system that the embodiment of the present application is provided performs method, the apparatus and system of business, when service request is accessed During server in distributed system, determine to perform the service of this service request using predefined server selection rule Device, then performs service request by execute server, and so, the service request that terminal is initiated can be by distributed system Each server decentralized processing, each server is likely to oneself go to perform or calls other servers to perform, without Certain or certain server can be concentrated on to perform, so as to substantially increase the treatment effeciency of distributed service request;In addition, this Kind of distributed system go to process these service requests without the special lock server that sets again, save the cost of system.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, embodiments herein can be provided as method, system or computer program Product.Therefore, the application can be using the reality in terms of complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or combination software and hardware Apply the form of example.And, the application can be used and wherein include the computer of computer usable program code at one or more Usable storage medium(Including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.)The computer program of upper implementation is produced The form of product.
The application is with reference to method, the equipment according to the embodiment of the present application(System)And the flow of computer program product Figure and/or block diagram are described.It should be understood that every first-class during flow chart and/or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions The combination of flow and/or square frame in journey and/or square frame and flow chart and/or block diagram.These computer programs can be provided The processor of all-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing devices is instructed to produce A raw machine so that produced for reality by the instruction of computer or the computing device of other programmable data processing devices The device of the function of being specified in present one flow of flow chart or multiple one square frame of flow and/or block diagram or multiple square frames.
These computer program instructions may be alternatively stored in can guide computer or other programmable data processing devices with spy In determining the computer-readable memory that mode works so that instruction of the storage in the computer-readable memory is produced and include finger Make the manufacture of device, the command device realize in one flow of flow chart or multiple one square frame of flow and/or block diagram or The function of being specified in multiple square frames.
These computer program instructions can be also loaded into computer or other programmable data processing devices so that Series of operation steps is performed on computer or other programmable devices to produce computer implemented treatment, so as in computer Or the instruction performed on other programmable devices is provided for realizing in one flow of flow chart or multiple flows and/or block diagram The step of function of being specified in one square frame or multiple square frames.
Although having been described for the preferred embodiment of the application, those skilled in the art once know basic creation Property concept, then can make other change and modification to these embodiments.So, appended claims are intended to be construed to include excellent Select embodiment and fall into having altered and changing for the application scope.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the essence of various changes and modification without deviating from the application to the application God and scope.So, if these modifications of the application and modification belong to the scope of the application claim and its equivalent technologies Within, then the application is also intended to comprising these changes and modification.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method that distributed system performs business, is applied in the distributed system for include multiple servers, its feature It is, including:
Current server receives the service request transmitted by terminal;
When the current server judges that the service request includes the service parameter value that can synchronously perform, the current clothes Business device utilizes predefined server selection rule, determines the corresponding server for performing the service request;Including:Institute Current server is stated according to the service parameter value, is determined in the current line server list preserved from current server The corresponding server;
The corresponding server performs the service request.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the corresponding server performs the service request, specific bag Include:
If the corresponding server is the current server, the current server performs the service request, and will hold The result of row service request returns to terminal.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the corresponding server performs the service request, specific bag Include:
If the corresponding server is not the current server, the service request hair that the current server sends terminal The corresponding server is given, the corresponding server performs the service request, and the result of the service request for performing is straight Connect and be returned to terminal;Or the result of the service request of execution is sent to the current server by the corresponding server, by institute State current server and the result is sent to the terminal.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that also include:
It is described to work as when the current server judges the service request not comprising there is the service parameter value that can synchronously perform Preceding server performs the service request, and the result for performing service request is returned into terminal.
5. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the current server chooses rule using predefined server Then, the corresponding server for performing the service request is determined, including:
The current server determines the corresponding server using formula f (x)=y, wherein, x is the service request institute Comprising the service parameter value that can synchronously perform, y is the index of the corresponding server;Y is not more than current line server Sum.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the current server is determined using formula f (x)=y Go out the corresponding server, including:
The current server using the service parameter value and the sum of the current line server carry out modulo operation or Business's computing is taken, the index of the corresponding server is obtained;
According to the index of the corresponding server for obtaining, the corresponding correspondence clothes are inquired about in current line server list Business device.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the current line server list is given birth to by following manner Into:
The current server is directed to current each line server and generates corresponding index, and the index is the nature of 1~N Number;
The mark of all line servers and corresponding index are generated into the current line server list.
8. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that also include:
Whether the current server updates described working as according to the online state change of each server in the distributed system Preceding line server list.
9. a kind of distributed system performs the device of business, it is characterised in that including:
Receiver module, for receiving the service request transmitted by terminal;
Determining module, for judge the service request to include can synchronously to perform service parameter value when, using predefined Server selection rule determine corresponding server for performing the service request;Including:According to the service parameter Value, the corresponding server is determined in the current line server list preserved from described device;
Performing module, institute is performed when performing the device of business for the corresponding server for the distributed system belonging to itself State service request.
10. a kind of distributed system, it is characterised in that including multiple devices as claimed in claim 9, described device each other it Intercommunication.
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