CN103469760A - Method for tracing movement of bed load particles - Google Patents
Method for tracing movement of bed load particles Download PDFInfo
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- CN103469760A CN103469760A CN2013103821636A CN201310382163A CN103469760A CN 103469760 A CN103469760 A CN 103469760A CN 2013103821636 A CN2013103821636 A CN 2013103821636A CN 201310382163 A CN201310382163 A CN 201310382163A CN 103469760 A CN103469760 A CN 103469760A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for hydraulic engineering, in particular to a method for tracing movement of bed load particles. An international patent classification (IPC) number of the method is E02B1/00. The method for tracing the movement of the bed load particles includes cutting off a water supply according to required time for transporting a colored sand bed load; sampling equal areas of a bed surface at certain intervals along a water flow direction or a direction perpendicular to the water flow direction according to requirements on experimental precision; drying sampled sand; sieving sand with excessive particle sizes, uniformly scattering remaining sand on white paper and photographing the scattered sand on the white paper; digitally processing images of photos, measuring the quantity of colored sand particles to obtain a complete quantity of the bed load particles; performing statistics to obtain quantity distribution of the particles. The method has the advantage that the method is applicable to acquiring the bed surface and the traced bed load particles at certain depths below the bed surface during indoor experiments, so that statistic information of movement of the bed load can be acquired.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of hydraulic engineering, be particularly related to a kind of tracing method of bed load movement of particles, the method is applicable to obtain the spike bed load particle at certain depth place below bed surface and bed surface in laboratory experiment, obtains the statistical information of Bed Load Movement.Its IPC international Patent classificating number is E02B1/00.
Background technology
At present, the defeated spike moved of bed load mainly adopts two kinds of ways: the first embeds granule interior by the miniature electronic locator, locator can be transferred to computer to each particle position, and the advantage of the method is that precision is higher, and shortcoming is to be only applicable to the cobble that particle is larger; It two is tracer grains that the bed load less to particle diameter adopts dyeing, to the bed surface rear variation that utilizes a naked eyes or image processing techniques statistics dye tracing particle number or its position in a certain zone of taking pictures.The shortcoming of the method is only can identify the tracer grain on bed surface top layer, can't solve the problem of mutually burying between particle after Bed Load Movement.In addition, sand bed-load often forms a layer shifting movement below the bed surface top layer, and layer to move the spike of matter be the traditional dyeing insurmountable difficult problem of method of taking pictures always.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: in order to probe into, comprise that layer moves the defeated rule of moving of bed load of matter, provide a kind of can be in experiment the new method of spike bed load particle, the method can identify bed surface and buried dyed particles, show that it distributes along journey, method is both simple, again reliable results.
The scheme that this method technical solution problem adopts:
A kind of tracing method of bed load movement of particles comprises the following steps:
(1) initial white husky place mat bed surface for, for studying the defeated particles employing color sand that moves rule;
(2) according to the experiment flow condition, mix this particle diameter color sand by the Sediment Transport grating husky with all the other particle diameters whites, under each flow condition, corresponding grating sand evenly is sprinkled into from gaza, tank upstream section part, gaza's speed determines according to the actual silt discharge of this flow condition, when color sand appears at the target section in tank downstream, cuts off the water;
(3) according to the required precision sampling of experiment, sample range is for starting from gaza's section to the husky sediment transport end of color, and sampled point is chosen along water (flow) direction is equidistant, and sampling area is identical, and depth selection is for till down no longer including this color sand; According to the sampling order, institute's sample thief is numbered, and put into successively and dry the sandbox oven dry;
(4) to disturb in order reducing, with sieve, to screen out color grains of sand footpath particles in addition, the uniform particles filtered out is sprinkling upon on measure-alike blank sheet of paper, and make the husky energy of every color by clear resolution; The blank sheet of paper size is determined according to camera pixel, sampling amount and color grains of sand footpath, and the husky energy of every color is differentiated by clear;
(5) aim at blank sheet of paper with high resolution camera and take pictures, with ImageJ1.46r, every photo is carried out to Digital Image Processing, measure the husky number of color; Add up the granule number of every photo, finally show that the bed load of studied particle diameter is along the distribution flowed on bed surface.
The advantage of this method is, can identify the variation in the bed surface position of bed surface and a buried bed load number, for probing into the defeated rule of moving of bed load particle, provides powerful measure, and method is simple, easily realizes.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of tracing method of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Initial bed surface adopts white husky place mat, for studying defeated bed load of moving rule, adopts color sand.During experiment, bed load is defeated cuts off the water after moving a segment distance, require sampling according to experimental precision, sample range is that bed load the defeated initial horizontal section moved occurs to the defeated cross section of moving end, sampling location is along parallel water groove center line direction, sampling interval, according to the experiment Location of requirement, is sampled as the homalographic sampling, till sampling depth arrives and occurs without this color is husky.Husky with the oven for drying sampling, screen out color grains of sand footpath particle in addition to reduce interference with sieve, the uniform particles filtered out is sprinkling upon on multiple measure-alike blank sheet of paper, make every color sand be known resolution.Finally with high resolution camera, take the particle on blank sheet of paper, utilize digital imaging processing software to identify and add up the husky number of color of every photo, statistical color sand is in the distribution of bed surface.
Bed load is under the particular experiment flow condition, and at the particle of tank near-bed motion, particle does not exist and raises, moves matter by contact matter, saltatin load and layer and forms.
Color sand is the particle of non-white and color clear, every kind of corresponding a kind of color of particle diameter.
Defeated move the distance refer to bed load from gaza's section by the defeated target section that moves on to, the sink center's line length between two sections.
Laterally refer to that each cross section perpendicular along sink center's line is in the direction of current.
Evenly be sprinkling upon on measure-alike blank sheet of paper and refer to and do not occur in heaps overlappingly, the blank sheet of paper size is to make the color sand can be by the clear blank sheet of paper size of differentiating in photo.
Illumination-constant in holding chamber while taking pictures.
Specifically set forth the application of this method in the bed load spike below in conjunction with example (studying the defeated experiment moved in non-homogeneous bed material of certain particles).
Implementing procedure following (shown in Fig. 1):
1. initial white husky place mat bed surface for, need for studying the defeated particles employing color sand that moves rule.
2. according to the experiment flow condition, mix this particle diameter color sand by the Sediment Transport grating husky with all the other particle diameters whites.Under each flow condition, corresponding grating sand evenly is sprinkled into from gaza, tank upstream section part, gaza's speed is determined according to the actual silt discharge of this flow condition.When appearing at the target section in tank downstream, color sand cuts off the water.
3. according to the required precision sampling of experiment, sample range is for starting from gaza's section to the husky sediment transport end of color, and sampled point is chosen along water (flow) direction is equidistant, and sampling area is identical, and depth selection is only husky for down no longer including this color; According to the sampling order, institute's sample thief is numbered, and put into successively and dry the sandbox oven dry.
4. to disturb in order reducing, with sieve, to screen out color grains of sand footpath particles in addition, the uniform particles filtered out is sprinkling upon on measure-alike blank sheet of paper, and make the husky energy of every color by clear resolution.The blank sheet of paper size is determined according to camera pixel, sampling amount and sand particle size, and the husky energy of every color is differentiated by clear.
5. aim at blank sheet of paper with high resolution camera and take pictures, with ImageJ1.46r, every photo is carried out to Digital Image Processing, measure the husky number of color, add up the granule number of every photo, finally show that the bed load of studied particle diameter is along the distribution flowed on bed surface.
Claims (1)
1. the tracing method of a bed load movement of particles or equipment comprise the following steps:
(1) initial white husky place mat bed surface for, for studying the defeated particles employing color sand that moves rule;
(2) according to the experiment flow condition, mix this particle diameter color sand by the Sediment Transport grating husky with all the other particle diameters whites, under each flow condition, corresponding grating sand evenly is sprinkled into from gaza, tank upstream section part, gaza's speed determines according to the actual silt discharge of this flow condition, when color sand appears at the target section in tank downstream, cuts off the water;
(3) according to the required precision sampling of experiment, sample range is for starting from gaza's section to the husky sediment transport end of color, and sampled point is chosen along water (flow) direction is equidistant, and sampling area is identical, and depth selection is for till down no longer including this color sand; According to the sampling order, institute's sample thief is numbered, and put into successively and dry the sandbox oven dry;
(4) to disturb in order reducing, with sieve, to screen out color grains of sand footpath particles in addition, the uniform particles filtered out is sprinkling upon on measure-alike blank sheet of paper, and make the husky energy of every color by clear resolution; The blank sheet of paper size is determined according to camera pixel, sampling amount and color grains of sand footpath, and the husky energy of every color is differentiated by clear;
(5) aim at blank sheet of paper with high resolution camera and take pictures, with ImageJ1.46r, every photo is carried out to Digital Image Processing, measure the husky number of color; Add up the granule number of every photo, finally show that the bed load of studied particle diameter is along the distribution flowed on bed surface.
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| CN2013103821636A CN103469760A (en) | 2013-08-29 | 2013-08-29 | Method for tracing movement of bed load particles |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104122190A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-10-29 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Device and method for measuring sediment transport rate and grain composition of bed load in real time |
| CN110794114A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-02-14 | 河海大学 | Method for measuring sand conveying rate of pebble bed ballast on basis of electromagnetic induction principle |
| CN113111522A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-13 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Bed load gradation determination method, bed load gradation determination device, storage medium, and electronic apparatus |
| CN113111522B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2024-05-31 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method and device for determining bed load grading, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104122190A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-10-29 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Device and method for measuring sediment transport rate and grain composition of bed load in real time |
| CN110794114A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-02-14 | 河海大学 | Method for measuring sand conveying rate of pebble bed ballast on basis of electromagnetic induction principle |
| CN110794114B (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2021-09-28 | 河海大学 | Method for measuring sand conveying rate of pebble bed ballast on basis of electromagnetic induction principle |
| CN113111522A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-13 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Bed load gradation determination method, bed load gradation determination device, storage medium, and electronic apparatus |
| CN113111522B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2024-05-31 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method and device for determining bed load grading, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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Application publication date: 20131225 |