CN103457999A - P2P document transmission method based on NDN network architecture - Google Patents
P2P document transmission method based on NDN network architecture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a P2P document transmission method based on an NDN network architecture. A current user can accurately maintain an on-line user list after the current is on line, and a searching request packet is sent to an NDN network to obtain a returned searching result data packet of a target user, therefore detailed information of a target document is obtained. The current user sends an unloading request packet to the NDN network to obtain a returned unloading data packet of the target user, blocks of the target document are obtained, then the current user splices the blocks of the target document to obtain the complete target document, and therefore stable transmission of the P2P document in the NDN network is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to network communication field, is specifically related to a kind of P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network.
Background technology
P2P(Peer-to-Peer) network is the nerve of a covering be structured on IP network, in the P2P network, each main frame is client, it is also server, each main frame is all contributed a part of system resource of oneself, such as file, bandwidth, peripheral hardware etc. come for other host services in same P2P network.One of main purposes of P2P network is to carry out file-sharing, it allows directly by internet, to complete exchange files between any terminal use's peer-to-peer (Peer), does not need the fabric of revising already present software protocol and network just can add rapidly new network function.
But, the following problem of P2P application ubiquity under the current TCP/IP network architecture:
(1) existing P2P shared file system is not complete decentralization.
In fact, in the P2P pattern, might not be also fully acentric, it can be divided into pure P2P and mixed P 2 P two classes.Pure P2P pattern refers to that the computer of all participations is all reciprocity point, and Direct Communication between each equity point, do not have central server controlled, coordinate or process the information exchange between equity point from start to finish fully.The mixed P 2 P pattern depends on central server and goes the operating part function.
The P2P document exchange system has following several different form at present.A kind of is " hub file catalogue/distributed file system ", during its swap data, by central server, carries out directory management.Owing to adopting the centralized directory management, so inevitably there is the problem of "bottleneck".An other class belongs to P2P completely, and this type systematic does not have intermediate server, and closer to absolute freedom, because there is no intermediate server, the P2P network formed like this is difficult to carry out controls such as safety management, authentication, traffic management, charging.The 3rd type systematic is the compromise of upper two type systematics---intermediate server is arranged, but file directory distributes.
(2) penetration problem of network address translation (NAT, Network Address Translation) be the P2P technical development one of the subject matter that must solve.
While surfing the Net by NAT, can only initiatively to outside main frame, initiate connection request by the main frame in NAT, forbid that external host initiatively connects with the NAT internal host.For adopting the downloading of P2P mode, because the main frame in NAT can not receive the connection of NAT outside, thereby cause linking number very few, speed of download is slow.Therefore P2P software must solve the problem that the internal host of NAT can not be connected by outside.
(3) existing P2P shared file system still is faced with the excessive problem of central server load.
Because some function in the P2P shared file system under the current TCP/IP network architecture still needs the support of central server, such as BT(Bit Torrent) in the tracker(central directory server), the client server in day net Maze and heartbeat server etc.Occur that in system a large amount of nodes add dynamically or while leaving, bring very large load can to these central servers.In addition, utilize central server to be responsible for the service of directory management because be subject to the restriction of server, the presence service quality can't improve the problem with the single-point collapse.
(4) in existing P2P shared file system, the implementation method of download function is not very accurate nearby.
In the P2P network, euclidean distance between node pair often is studied problem.From literal, distance has meaned between node relativeness spatially, and the relatively near node of distance can be called mutually " neighbours ".ICP/IP protocol be take position as fundamental, and the IP address means the positional information of node, so very directly perceived for the definition of " distance ".In existing P2P shared file system, the basic principle that distance is calculated is to be divided into groups as prefix in the front X position (for example first 16) according to User IP.Although this method is simple to operate, its accuracy is not high.
(5) great advantage of existing P2P file-sharing application is to take full advantage of Internet resources, but download efficiency is not very desirable, also not high to the utilance of the network bandwidth.
Although the speed that existing P2P file-sharing application takes full advantage of the computer of individual subscriber and uploads, downloads, the pressure of having shared server, but the network facilities is had higher requirement simultaneously, to network bandwidth occupancy greatly and utilance not high, sometimes even can cause the network congestion phenomenon, and be not easy to search, download also unstable.
The NDN network is introduced:
The core concept of current widely used computer network transfer protocols (ICP/IP protocol) last century six the seventies put forward, computer network mainly was designed to solve the resource-sharing problem at that time, such as long-range use supercomputer etc., thereby what design is the traffic model of a kind of point-to-point (Point-to-Point), normally a side proposes to use resource, and the opposing party provides mandate.But, after semicentennial development, computer hardware equipment becomes and is dirt cheap, the development speed of whole the Internet is out of people's the imagination simultaneously, and the data content in network constantly is blast trend growth.People also transfer to emphasis on the data content of wanting to obtain gradually, and are no longer to share to use the remote hardware resource.Yet network communication models, but still in the design concept of continuing to use eighties of last century six the seventies, if obtain data, at first must be known the IP address information of data place main frame, and connect and transmit needed data by setting up end to end.This design has brought a lot of problems to the transmission of data, such as the safety problem of data channel, the network congestion problem, the disconnection in WIFI transmission with reconnect problem etc.Under this background, the named data network transport mechanism that the data content of take is core (Named Data Networking, NDN) is arisen at the historic moment.
NDN also is called Content-Centric Networking (CCN), be by the PARC research institute of famous American, in 2006, initiated about the Future Internet architecture, be FIA(Future Internet Architecture) research project, the participant comprises the U.S. more than ten university of institute and research institutes.This project has obtained the subsidy of American National nature fund (NSF) in 2010.The leader of NDN project mainly contains the Lixia ZHANG professor of UCLA and the Van Jacobson of PARC research institute, wherein with the congestion control algorithm of having invented TCP/IP, and well-known, he proposes the purpose of NDN agreement just in order to solve the problems that exist under the TCP/IP framework to Jacobson.Van Jacobson points out, in today of internet data blast, when using the Internet, people pay close attention to the content (What) comprised in network, and communication mode remains position-based (Where), this inconsistent problems such as validity and fail safe of having brought, solution is introduced named data (Named Data) exactly, with " what is " replacement " where ".The NDN agreement is implemented on the basis of this named data.
The NDN project is intended to develop a new Internet architecture, takes full advantage of the advantage of the Internet architecture of current Host Based point-to-point communication, and solves the deficiency of current network framework, naturally to adapt to emerging internet communication pattern.By numerical nomenclature, rather than the position name, NDN becomes data into topmost entity.It is core element that the NDN protocol frame be take the data of propagating, rely on the information exchange of data itself to cross the rationally effective transfer of data of having named of structure, and no longer needing the physical location of focused data, these characteristics meet the mode of operation of most of data driven applications in current internet more.Current the Internet guarantees the safety of data capsule (main frame), and NDN guarantees the safety of content, such design is credible and main frame is credible separates by data, makes some highly extendible communication mechanisms possibility that becomes, and for example by automatic buffer memory, optimizes bandwidth.
NDN, for the current existing procotol of compatibility, has adopted the design of a kind of " universal overlay ".That is to say that NDN may operate on any network in theory, certainly also comprise traditional TCP/IP network.The CCNx engineering is a kind of Project Realization of increasing income that carry out the NDN theory in the CSL laboratory of PARC, and whole engineering is implemented on conventional TCP/IP network, has realized the Interest/Data communication mechanism in NDN.
Summary of the invention
The application provides a kind of P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network, can realize the stable transfer of P2P file in the NDN network.
Be somebody's turn to do the P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network architecture, comprise:
The active user creates online user's list of a sky, according to this sky online user list, calculates digest value, and sends the synchronization request bag in the NDN network, and described synchronization request bag comprises the digest value of sky online user list.
If, when the active user does not get the synchronization packets that other online user returns according to described synchronization request bag in Preset Time, the active user will self join in online user's list, and upgrade the digest value of current online user list; When if the active user gets the synchronization packets that other user returns according to described synchronization request bag in Preset Time, the active user upgrades active user's online user's list and digest value thereof according to this synchronization packets, afterwards, the active user joins self in online user's list again, and upgrades the digest value of current online user list.
The active user sends the searching request bag in the NDN network, described searching request bag comprises purpose user profile, the active user obtains the search result data bag that the purpose user returns according to described searching request bag afterwards, and described search result data bag comprises the information of the file destination that the active user searches for.
The active user sends the download request bag for downloading object file according to the information of described file destination in the NDN network, and obtain the downloading data bag that online user with file destination returns according to described download request bag, described downloading data bag comprises the piecemeal of file destination, afterwards, the active user obtains complete file destination by the splicing of the piecemeal of file destination.
The P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network architecture that the application provides, can safeguard its online user's list after the active user reaches the standard grade exactly, and realize the stable transfer of P2P file in the NDN network.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The name form schematic diagram that Fig. 1 is request bag in a kind of embodiment of the application;
Fig. 2 is the P2P document transmission method schematic flow sheet based on the NDN network architecture in a kind of embodiment of the application;
The method flow schematic diagram that Fig. 3 is user's discovery mechanism in a kind of embodiment of the application;
The basic process schematic diagram that Fig. 4 is file destination transmission in a kind of embodiment of the application;
Fig. 5 is the average transmission round trip delay time schematic diagram while in a kind of embodiment of the application, adopting the P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network architecture;
Fig. 6 is the average speed of download schematic diagram while in a kind of embodiment of the application, adopting the P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network architecture;
Fig. 7 is the offered load schematic diagram while in a kind of embodiment of the application, adopting the P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network architecture.
Embodiment
NDN agreement: Named Data Networking, the named data network transmission protocol, NDN also is called Content-Centric Networking (CCN), it is core element that the NDN protocol frame be take in network the data of propagating, the information exchange of dependence data itself is crossed to build and has rationally effectively been named transfer of data, and no longer needs the physical location of focused data.Corresponding, the network that uses the NDN agreement to carry out transfer of data is called the NDN network.
Because the NDN protocol frame be take characteristics that the data propagated are core element and design philosophy and the P2P file transmitting function of " receiving terminal drivings " natural similitude is arranged, thus the NDN agreement is combined with the P2P file transfer just become a kind of possible.In the embodiment of the present application, by the NDN protocol application in the P2P file transfer, be intended to solve existing P2P file transfer above-mentioned remain several subject matters.
The correlative study of NDN agreement at present mainly contains two kinds of thinkings: a kind of is by the method for theory analysis and simulated experiment checking, inquire into the detail that agreement realizes, comprise how realizing the inquiry of quick routing table, How to choose buffer memory and replacement policy, exchanging routing information etc. how, also consider the extensibility in the following large scale deployment situation of agreement simultaneously, with the compatibility of existing network protocol, and the problem to the NDN network architecture by current Internet architecture smooth transition how; Another kind is the application based on the NDN agreement by exploitation, verify the feasibility of NDN agreement and the reasonability of design, obtain some feedbacks from the process of application and development, carry out further Improvement and perfection NDN agreement, and be that other application and development based on the NDN agreement is in the future accumulated experience.
But, any disclosed or generally acknowledged P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network is not yet arranged at present.In the embodiment of the present application, existing Project Realization CCNx Open Source Code based on the NDN agreement, a series of designs by function realizing methods such as user's discovery mechanism in the NDN agreement, neighbours' mechanism, file search and downloads, represented a kind of P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network.
For the convenient understanding to the application, the sky net Maze shared file system of mainly take in the embodiment of the present application is example, and the P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network architecture that the application is provided describes.
In order to realize better the P2P file transfer based on the NDN network, at first the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of NDN protocol infrastructure nomenclature principle, and it adopts has hierarchically structured variable-length identifier (HSVLI) as naming rule.
The name form of the request bag based in the NDN network is divided into following two kinds:
1) specify purpose user: ccnx :/<APP Name >/uni/<User ID >/<function_parameters >.
2) do not specify purpose user (for example request bag of broadcast type):
ccnx:/<APP?Name>/multi/<function_parameters>。
Wherein, ccnx :/be the NDN protocol-identifier,<APP Name > be application identities, uni and the multi type (specify the purpose user or do not specify the purpose user) for distinguishing request bag,<function_parameters > be the parameter value that the realization for specific function need to arrange.
The sky net Maze shared file system of take is example, and as shown in Figure 1, wherein, Namespace is day server network address of net Maze shared file system to the name form of its request bag; Application Name is ndnmaze; Destination refers to the purpose user profile that this request bag mails to, if this request bag when specifying the purpose user type, adopts uni to identify, if this request is wrapped when not specifying the purpose user type, adopts multi to identify; Function_Parameters has comprised the functional parameter value that this request bag carries.
Below by embodiment, by reference to the accompanying drawings the application is described in further detail.
Please refer to Fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a kind of P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network architecture, comprising:
Step 1.1: the active user sends the synchronization request bag to other online user.After the active user reaches the standard grade, the active user creates online user's list of a sky, according to this sky online user list, calculates digest value, and sends the synchronization request bag in the NDN network, and this synchronization request bag comprises the digest value of sky online user list.
Step 1.2: if, when the active user does not get the synchronization packets that other user returns according to the synchronization request bag in Preset Time, the active user will self join in online user's list, and upgrade the digest value of current online user list; When if the active user gets the synchronization packets that other user returns according to the synchronization request bag in Preset Time, the active user upgrades active user's online user's list and digest value thereof according to this synchronization packets, afterwards, the active user joins self in online user's list again, and upgrades the digest value of current online user list.
Step 1.3: the active user sends the searching request bag in the NDN network, and the searching request bag comprises purpose user profile.
Step 1.4: the active user obtains the search result data bag that the purpose user returns according to the searching request bag, and the search result data bag comprises the information of the file destination that the active user searches for.
Step 1.5: the active user sends the download request bag for downloading object file according to the information of file destination in the NDN network.
Step 1.6: the active user obtains the downloading data bag that online user with file destination returns according to the download request bag, and the downloading data bag comprises the piecemeal of file destination, and afterwards, the active user obtains complete file destination by the splicing of the piecemeal of file destination.
In the present embodiment, the active user upgrades the online user's list of self at every turn and during digest value, in the time of also upgrading, user's change information is recorded in Update log.Accordingly, synchronization packets comprises the digest value of online user's list in the synchronization request bag and sends the change information of user between user's the digest value of online user's list of this synchronization packets; The active user upgrades active user's online user's list and digest value thereof according to this synchronization packets, upgrade active user's online user's list and digest value thereof according to the change information of user in this synchronization packets for the active user.
In step 1.2, if the active user receives other online user's synchronization request bag in Preset Time, this synchronization request bag is buffered in list to be replied, upgraded the online user's list and digest value thereof of self the active user after, then this synchronization request bag is replied.
Step 1.1 and step 1.2 are the user's discovery mechanism in the P2P document transmission method of the embodiment of the present application based on the NDN network architecture, please refer to Fig. 2, are its concrete grammar flow chart, comprising:
Step 101: need to create online user's list of a sky after the active user reaches the standard grade, and calculate digest value according to this sky online user list, this digest value is as the functional parameter value of synchronization request bag, now, digest value is also empty, and in an instantiation, digest value can be the MD5 value.
Step 102: the active user sends the synchronization request bag in the NDN network.
Step 103: whether the active user gets the synchronization packets that other online user returns according to this synchronization request bag in Preset Time, if so, forwards step 104 to, if not, forwards step 105 to.
It should be noted that, the active user is in this section Preset Time, also can receive other online user's synchronization request bag, now the active user is kept at local PIT(pending interest table by the synchronization request bag of receiving, waits for the request the package list of replying) inner.
Step 104: if the active user has got the synchronization packets that other online user returns in Preset Time, according to this synchronization packets, upgrade self online user's list and digest value thereof, forward again afterwards step 105 to.
Step 105: if the active user does not get the synchronization packets that other online user returns in Preset Time, illustrate that the active user is the unique online user in system, direct execution step 105 from step 103, otherwise in the rear execution step 105 of execution of step 104.Now the active user will self join in online user's list, and upgrades its digest value.
Step 106: the active user is recorded to the user's of this renewal change information in Update log, and the active user, as long as online user's list and digest value thereof are upgraded, needs the user's of this renewal change information is recorded in Update log.
Step 107: the active user inquires about in local PIT the synchronization request bag that whether has other online user who needs reply, if so, forwards step 108 to, if not, forwards step 102 to.
Step 108: extract the digest value in this synchronization request bag.
Step 109: judge that whether the digest value carried in the synchronization request bag is identical with active user's digest value, if so, forward step 110 to, if not, forward step 111 to.
Step 110: if the digest value carried in synchronization packets is identical with active user's digest value, this synchronization packets is abandoned.
Step 111: the active user by self digest value and synchronization request bag to be replied between digest value user's change information be packaged as synchronization packets, reply to corresponding online user.
Should be appreciated that each online user needs to safeguard online user's list, and calculate digest value according to this online user's list, the user online user list of newly reaching the standard grade is for empty, and digest value is also empty.And all online users need regularly to send the synchronization request bag and carry out the synchronous of information,, as shown in step 102, step 111, all forward step 102 to after executing current step.Complete the synchronizing process of online user's information between the online user by exchange synchronization request bag and synchronization packets, when online user's list changes, the user needs according to new online user's list update digest value, and the change information that will work as user in time renewal process is recorded in Update log (Transaction Log).
In an instantiation, the form of synchronization request bag is as follows:
ccnx:/maze.tianwang.com/ndnmaze/multi/<digest_value>/
Because the send mode of synchronization request bag is broadcast type, so, use the sign of multi as send mode in the synchronization request bag, wherein<digest_value > digest value that calculates according to online user's list of self maintained for the user.
Through above process, just completed the process of synchronizing information between all online users, also just realized the function that the user reaches the standard grade.And the P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network architecture that utilizes the present embodiment to provide, carry out information when synchronous the online user, compare simplyr with existing P2P document transmission method, and belong to complete decentralization, saved this important central server of heartbeat server.
In the present embodiment, preferred, after the active user has upgraded the online user's list and digest value thereof of self, before sending the searching request bag to the online user, also comprise:
The active user calculates self and other online user's distance, and this distance is recorded in online user's list; When the active user sends the searching request bag to the online user, the active user is according to self and other online user's distance, from closely to sending far successively the searching request bag.Distance between the user is recorded in online user's list can be by following mode: added " latency " field and be used for the distance between recording user in online user's list of each user.
The active user can calculate by calculating number of nodes between self and other online user or transmission round trip delay time self and other online user's distance, number of nodes between active user and other online user is more or the transmission round trip delay time is longer, the distance that is designated as active user and this online user is far away, otherwise the distance that is designated as active user and this online user is nearer.
In an instantiation, can calculate the transmission round trip delay time between active user and other online user by following method.
1) each online user is maintaining online user's list, and the active user initiates round-trip delay measurement by sending a request bag to the user in online user's list successively, and the form that request is wrapped is as follows:
ccnx:/maze.tianwang.com/ndnmaze/uni/<req_measure_latency>/User?ID/<timestamp>。
What the User_ID field meaned is the user ID that receives this request bag, and what the timestamp field meaned is the current time of active user's the machine while sending this request bag.
2) after the purpose user receives this this request bag, reply the packet of a sky, the timestamp that the timestamp field of this packet is wrapped request does not make any modification and directly returns.
3) after the active user receives packet, extract the value of timestamp field, poor (the transmitting round trip delay time) of the machine time in the time of then will receiving packet and the value of timestamp field preserved as the measured value of the distance between node.
The online user, when safeguarding online user list, can be sorted according to distance order from the near to the remote between the user, thereby realizes the user neighbours' mechanism in the P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network that the present embodiment provides.
In step 1.3 and step 1.4, when each online user is safeguarding online user's list that has realized neighbours' mechanism.The active user can carry out file search by following two kinds of modes:
1) in one embodiment, the searching request bag also comprises purpose user's share directory sign, and the information of file destination comprises the directory content under the share directory sign.This file search method is for to find file by the user: from online user's list, select a user, send the searching request bag in the NDN network, and be transferred to the purpose user by the purpose user profile of carrying in the network based searching request bag of NDN, thereby obtain the directory content under purpose user share directory sign.Now, the form of searching request bag is as follows:
ccnx:/maze.tianwang.com/ndnmaze/uni/User?ID/<share_root>/
Wherein, because the searching request bag sends to single purpose user, therefore, use the sign of uni as send mode in the searching request bag, User ID is the purpose user ID,<share_root > be purpose user's share directory sign.
By that analogy, by change in the searching request bag<share_root > value, just can check respectively same purpose user's directory contents at different levels, then by the user, therefrom select interested file destination to be downloaded.
Now, in the process of search file destination, can, according to the distance between active user and other online user, first be checked the online user of near distance by the user, to far away until search file destination, can reduce the time of file destination transmission (download) from closely.
2) in another embodiment, the searching request bag also comprises the searched key word of file destination, the information of file destination and searched key word coupling.This file search method is for by " mass-sending " mode search file: at first the active user arranges a higher limit to return data, then according to distance near to sending the searching request bag to the user online user's list far successively.Now, the form of searching request bag is as follows:
ccnx:/maze.tianwang.com/ndnmaze/uni/<User?ID>/<keyword_search>/
Wherein,<keyword_search > the searched key word set for the user.After search finishes, the information that returns to active user's file destination is the information of mating with this searched key word.
The informational needs of the file destination returned obtained when the active user searches for file destination comprises the information such as the filename, file type, file size of file destination, in an instantiation, the information of file destination is for being used XML organising data information, and its format fragment is as follows:
<Files?count=”2”>
<File>
<Name > programming beautiful .pdf</Name
<Type > file</Type >
<Size>12345678</Size>
<Digest>xxxxxxxx</Digest>
</File>
<File>
<Name>C++</Name>
<Type > catalogue</Type >
</File>
</Files>
The active user is as a client, it need to be searched for to the result presentation of file destination to the user, therefore, when each Search Results successively after a plurality of users return, because the Search Results obtained from each user is also the XML form, the information of these file destinations is merged, arranges, then be presented on client end interface in user-friendly mode.
In an instantiation, the online user who receives the searching request bag can be by the result cache certain hour of searching at every turn, so that process the situation that identical searching request bag arrives again.When receiving identical searching request bag, just can directly return results, the result of buffer memory adopts the recent minimum use algorithm of LRU(Least Recently Used) strategy replaced.
In the present embodiment, the active user sends the download request bag for downloading object file according to the information of file destination in the NDN network, comprising: the active user sends the download request bag for downloading object file according to the information of file destination to having same or two the above online users of file destination.Be that the active user can download or the transmission of the mode realize target file that multiple spot is downloaded by single-point.
Carrying out single-point while downloading, after the active user gets the search result data bag that the purpose user returns, before sending the download request bag, also comprising:
The active user sends for obtaining the version information request bag of file destination version information to the purpose user, and obtains the version information packet with file destination version information that the purpose user returns; The download request bag comprises the file destination version information.
When carrying out file transfer, at first the active user sends a version information request bag that does not comprise version information and segment identification, the version information request is surrounded by two aspect effects, the one, the ready transfer files of notice purpose user, be to obtain by version information request bag the version information of wanting file destination on the other hand.After the active user gets the version information of file destination, can again send the download request bag, download request includes version information and the segment identification of file destination.
Carrying out multiple spot while downloading, in the search result data bag that the active user obtains in step 1.4 under the prerequisite of the information of file destination, to the download request bag that sends the digest value of a based target file in the NDN network, now, the form of download request bag is as follows:
ccnx:/maze.tianwang.com/ndnmaze/multi/<file’s_digest_value>/
Wherein,<file ' s_digest_value > be the digest value of the file destination that returns in step 1.4 (as the Digest field in the format fragment fragment of the information of above-mentioned file destination).
Please refer to Fig. 4, basic process for the file destination transmission, in step 4.1, the active user sends the download request bag to obtain some piecemeals of file destination to the purpose user, in step 4.2, the purpose user returns to the downloading data bag that carries the respective objects file block according to the download request bag in step 4.1, step 4.3 is repeating step 4.1 and step 4.2, until the active user has got all piecemeals of file destination from the purpose user.Now, the active user, by the exchange of a series of download request bag and downloading data bag, after getting each piecemeal of file destination, obtains complete file destination by the splicing of the piecemeal of file destination.Should be appreciated that single online user when purpose user herein can refer to use single-point to download, a plurality of online users in the time of also can referring to use multiple spot to download.
It should be noted that, in an instantiation, the file destination size of using multiple spot to download is limited.In order to make the multiple spot download mechanism obtain better performance, so not all file destination all needs multiple spot to download.For example, if file destination too little (such as being less than 10M) there is no need to use multiple spot to download so fully, and the more phenomenons that may cause speed of download to descend because of the increase of the additional networks traffic on the contrary of purpose user.Such as in sky net Maze shared file system, small documents by a large amount of shared propagation, so this restriction can improve the file transfer performance of system, is highly significant in system.
Should be appreciated that when the active user sends request bag or packet to the online user, only need to get final product to this request bag of transmission in the NDN network or packet, the NDN network is transmitted to corresponding online user according to the online user who points in this request bag or packet again.
The existing Project Realization CCNx of the embodiment of the present application based on NDN, realize the transmission of P2P file under the NDN network by said method, should can take full advantage of the Content Store mechanism in the NDN agreement by the P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network, to identical application data, carry out multiplexing, thereby minimizing Internet traffic, reduce and download delay, and improve data transmission efficiency.
The P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network architecture that utilizes the present embodiment to provide, carry out information when synchronous the online user, compare simplyr with existing P2P document transmission method, and belong to complete decentralization, saved this important central server of heartbeat server.Carrying out file destination when search does not need to rely on fully central node yet, and weak center more, reduced the demand for server load on the whole, also can reduce the impact that causes service failure because of the central node fault.
Location independence (Location-Independence) is one of NDN server design philosophy, is also different from TCP/IP network architecture maximum.In the embodiment of the present application, no matter the P2P document transmission method, based on the NDN network, is the catalogue of browsing the online user, the implementation method of the functions such as still search, download file, and its process does not need to pay close attention to the position information such as IP address, port again.This characteristic has reduced the pressure of Network application and development work to a great extent.
The method that the embodiment of the present application provides can be utilized the network connectivty of nature under the NDN network architecture, thereby solves the problem that Intranet penetrates.The settling mode of NDN agreement is the method for similar relay forwarding, but its implementation is more natural, without realizing complicated processing logic, only needs simple Forward-reques bag and does not need to carry out any modification, and packet returns and gets final product according to the reverse path of request bag.At the NDN net environment, Intranet user will no longer have particularity, and it exists just no longer becomes success rate and the efficient factor of search downloaded that reduce.In the implementation procedure of P2P file transfer, also without processing a large amount of the affair logics relevant to network connectivty, this is for reducing implementation complexity and improving the user and experience the place that all is highly profitable again.
The embodiment of the present application provides two kinds of modes to define and measure the distance between the online user, and then realizes neighbours' mechanism, for " downloading nearby ".A kind of method is the number of nodes (or jumping figure) between User, and more common number of nodes distance be also far away.Another kind method is the time delay while calculating user interactions.Than the realization of this mechanism under the current TCP/IP network architecture, the method in the embodiment of the present application is more reliable, more accurate.
In addition, please refer to Fig. 4-7, the method that the embodiment of the present application provides, the performance performance on its average transmission round-trip delay, average speed of download and three indexs of offered load is better than the P2P document transmission method under the existing TCP/IP network architecture.
In Fig. 5, the average transmission round trip delay time of curve 501 during for the P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network architecture that adopts the embodiment of the present application to provide, the average transmission round trip delay time of curve 502 when adopting the P2P document transmission method of traditional TCP/IP network architecture.
In Fig. 6, the average speed of download of curve 601 during for the P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network architecture that adopts the embodiment of the present application to provide, the average speed of download of curve 602 when adopting the P2P document transmission method of traditional TCP/IP network architecture.
In Fig. 7, curve 700 is the offered load under ideal situation (ideal condition), the offered load of curve 701 during for the P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network architecture that adopts the embodiment of the present application to provide, the offered load of curve 702 when adopting the P2P document transmission method of traditional TCP/IP network architecture.
The existing P2P document transmission method based on the TCP/IP network architecture adopts in order to improve data transmission bauds the mode of simultaneously setting up a plurality of TCP connections, and this method causes a large amount of consumption of the network bandwidth.And, in ICP/IP protocol, all having comprised the IP address that sends the user and receive the user in the packet due to the transmission of each signal post simultaneously, this just makes the data that signal post comprises each time only effective for this session.Therefore when a plurality of request of occurring same data, same piece of data just has to repeat transmit repeatedly, and this situation is brought very large burden to central server, and the while has also been caused a large amount of bandwidth waste.
By contrast, the P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network architecture that the embodiment of the present application provides, in the search and downloading process of file destination, the information that does not comprise the active user in the name of request bag, that is to say, when having a plurality of user's requests to check that same file destination is downloaded in same share directory or request, also will send identical request and wrap in the NDN network, accordingly, same piece of data bag can meet all identical requests in network.This situation takes full advantage of characteristic and content caching and the distribution mechanisms of NDN agreement to numerical nomenclature, to identical application data, carry out multiplexing, avoided the transmission that repeats of identical data, effectively alleviated access pressure and the hot resource problems such as bandwidth pressure when being downloaded of popular user when viewed catalogue, thereby greatly reduced Internet traffic, reduce average the download and postpone, and improved data transmission efficiency.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, in above-mentioned execution mode, all or part of step of the whole bag of tricks can come the instruction related hardware to complete by program, this program can be stored in a computer-readable recording medium, and storage medium can comprise: read-only memory, random asccess memory, disk or CD etc.
Above content is the further description of the application being done in conjunction with concrete execution mode, can not assert that the application's concrete enforcement is confined to these explanations.For the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present application design, can also make some simple deduction or replace.
Claims (9)
1. the P2P document transmission method based on the NDN network architecture, is characterized in that, comprising:
The active user creates online user's list of a sky, according to this sky online user list, calculates digest value, and sends the synchronization request bag in the NDN network, and described synchronization request bag comprises the digest value of sky online user list;
If, when the active user does not get the synchronization packets that other online user returns according to described synchronization request bag in Preset Time, the active user will self join in online user's list, and upgrade the digest value of current online user list; When if the active user gets the synchronization packets that other user returns according to described synchronization request bag in Preset Time, the active user upgrades active user's online user's list and digest value thereof according to this synchronization packets, afterwards, the active user joins self in online user's list again, and upgrades the digest value of current online user list;
The active user sends the searching request bag in the NDN network, described searching request bag comprises purpose user profile, the active user obtains the search result data bag that the purpose user returns according to described searching request bag afterwards, and described search result data bag comprises the information of the file destination that the active user searches for;
The active user sends the download request bag for downloading object file according to the information of described file destination in the NDN network, and obtain the downloading data bag that online user with file destination returns according to described download request bag, described downloading data bag comprises the piecemeal of file destination, afterwards, the active user obtains complete file destination by the splicing of the piecemeal of file destination.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described searching request bag also comprises purpose user's share directory sign, and the information of described file destination comprises the directory content under described share directory sign.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described searching request bag also comprises the searched key word of file destination, the information of described file destination and described searched key word coupling.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, after the active user gets the search result data bag that the purpose user returns, before sending the download request bag, also comprises:
Send for obtaining the version information request bag of file destination version information to the purpose user, and obtain the version information packet with file destination version information that the purpose user returns; Described download request bag comprises described file destination version information.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the active user sends the download request bag for downloading object file according to the information of described file destination in the NDN network, comprising:
The active user sends the download request bag for downloading object file according to the information of described file destination to having same or two the above online users of file destination.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the active user upgrades the online user's list of self at every turn and during digest value, in the time of also upgrading, user's change information is recorded in Update log;
Described synchronization packets comprises the digest value of online user's list in the synchronization request bag and sends the change information of user between user's the digest value of online user's list of this synchronization packets;
Described active user upgrades active user's online user's list and digest value thereof according to this synchronization packets, upgrade active user's online user's list and digest value thereof according to the change information of user in this synchronization packets for the active user.
7. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, if the active user receives other online user's synchronization request bag in described Preset Time, this synchronization request bag is buffered in list to be replied, upgraded the online user's list and digest value thereof of self the active user after, then this synchronization request bag is replied.
8. method as described as claim 1-7, is characterized in that, after the active user has upgraded the online user's list and digest value thereof of self, before sending the searching request bag to the online user, also comprises:
The active user calculates self and other online user's distance, and this distance is recorded in online user's list;
When the active user sends the searching request bag to the online user, the active user is according to self and other online user's distance, from closely to sending far successively described searching request bag.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, the active user calculates self and other online user's distance, comprising:
The active user calculates number of nodes or the transmission round trip delay time between self and other online user, number of nodes between active user and other online user is more or the transmission round trip delay time is longer, the distance that is designated as active user and this online user is far away, otherwise the distance that is designated as active user and this online user is nearer.
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