CN103430036B - Earth detector - Google Patents

Earth detector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103430036B
CN103430036B CN201280014407.9A CN201280014407A CN103430036B CN 103430036 B CN103430036 B CN 103430036B CN 201280014407 A CN201280014407 A CN 201280014407A CN 103430036 B CN103430036 B CN 103430036B
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mentioned
pulse
output
earth
output voltage
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CN103430036A (en
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山添宏一
田中毅
神田雅隆
盐川明实
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from JP2011064687A external-priority patent/JP6065253B2/en
Priority claimed from JP2011064686A external-priority patent/JP6065252B2/en
Application filed by Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd filed Critical Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Priority to CN201510184300.4A priority Critical patent/CN104764975B/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of earth detector that can identify common electric leakage and lightning surge is as early as possible provided.This earth detector possesses: zero phase current transformer (ZCT) (10), alternating circuit this zero phase current transformer through; Integral operation portion (20), it carries out integration to the output voltage of zero phase current transformer (10); Integrated value comparing section (30), it, when the operation result of integral operation portion (20) is greater than specialized range, exports the first signal; Waveform judegment part (40), it detects the flex point of the output voltage waveforms of zero phase current transformer and counts, and exports secondary signal when the quantity of flex point reaches stated number; And detection of electrical leakage portion (50), it is when exporting above-mentioned first signal by integrated value comparing section (30) and exporting above-mentioned secondary signal by waveform judegment part (40), exports the detection of electrical leakage signal representing and create electric leakage in alternating circuit.

Description

Earth detector
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of earth detector.Particularly relate to a kind of detection according to zero phase current transformer and export the earth detector judging whether to produce in alternating circuit electric leakage.
Background technology
Electrical leakage breaking device has the zero phase current transformer (ZCT) be made up of the iron core of ring-type (core) and the coil of anchor ring (toroidal) shape that is wound on this core, wherein, this iron core is formed by magnetics such as soft magnetic materials, form multiple Primary Conductor this iron core through of alternating circuit, this electrical leakage breaking device, according to the detection output at these coil two ends of this zero phase current transformer and output voltage, judges whether create electric leakage in the plurality of Primary Conductor.
When creating electric leakage in some Primary Conductor, alternating circuit produce difference along between the electric current and the electric current flowed along direction, return road of the flowing of direction, road, thus generation is based on the leakage current of this difference.Further, because the electrical current of multiple Primary Conductor is uneven on the whole, therefore, due to the magnetic flux produced by this leakage current, the state of the magnetic flux of the core of zero phase current transformer changes.Thus, the induced voltage corresponding with leakage current is detected at the coil two ends of zero phase current transformer.
In addition, when any one Primary Conductor does not all produce electric leakage, be in so-called equilibrium state, namely the vector of the electrical current of the plurality of Primary Conductor is zero.In the equilibrium situation, although the core place of zero phase current transformer exists magnetic flux, these magnetic fluxs are cancelled out each other, and foregoing induced voltage can not be detected by zero phase current transformer.Thus, exported as detection by the output voltage at the coil two ends using zero phase current transformer and export, can judge whether create leakage current in alternating circuit.
As the situation of electric leakage leakage current being detected, consider state and the lightning surge (Lei サ ー ジ of common electric leakage) state.Common electric leakage refers to the electric leakage that the current value of leakage current periodically occurs.The electric leakage that comparatively large and this current value of the current value ratio that lightning surge refers to leakage current temporarily occurs.
When the common electric leakage during two kinds leak electricity, expectation can produce electric leakage for a long time, therefore preferably cuts through the electric power supply that alternating circuit is carried out as early as possible.On the other hand, when lightning surge, just temporarily produce electric leakage, therefore all cutting through the electric power supply that alternating circuit carries out when each lightning surge is undesirable.
As earth leakage breaker in the past, the earth leakage breaker (such as with reference to patent documentation 1) of known a kind of unnecessary cut-out that can prevent lightning surge from causing.This earth leakage breaker utilizes larger the second comparer of threshold value compared with detecting the first comparer of leakage current, and the ground current cause lightning surge or serious ground connection (electric leakage that the current value ratio of the particularly leakage current in common electric leakage is larger) and leakage current are distinguished.And, in during time gate (timegate) made by the one shot multivibrator started in the output according to the second comparer, detected the pulse whether outputing more than 3 ripples from the first comparer by 3 ripple counters, thus lightning surge and serious ground connection are distinguished.Thus, only when comprising the common electric leakage of serious ground connection from shutoff signal output circuit outputting cutting break signal.
Patent documentation 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 10-094161 publication
But, in the earth leakage breaker shown in patent documentation 1, in order to distinguish lightning surge and common electric leakage, difference according to circumstances, need the leakage current larger to current value ratio to carry out three countings.That is, in alternating circuit, leakage current produces with the waveform of AC power, produces pulse, count this pulse to be judged to be electric leakage by continuous three times when the leakage current of positive side or minus side is more than setting.Long by carrying out counting for three times the detection of electrical leakage time in the method being judged to be electric leakage to leakage current like this.When particularly serious ground connection in common electric leakage, larger leakage current likely can continue flowing, therefore from viewpoints such as protecting human bodies, preferably determines common electric leakage or lightning surge more as soon as possible.
But, although the earth leakage breaker shown in patent documentation 1 carries out electrical leakage breaking, do not utilize effective value etc. to carry out electric leakage display according to the output voltage of zero phase current transformer.Thus, supvr waits None-identified to go out to create the electric leakage of what degree.In addition, if electrical leakage breaking and electric leakage display will be implemented simultaneously, then expect to be set to simple structure as far as possible and reduce to realize cost.
The present invention completes in view of the foregoing, provides a kind of earth detector that can identify common electric leakage and lightning surge as early as possible.
The present invention completes in view of the foregoing, provides a kind of earth detector simultaneously can implementing electrical leakage breaking and electric leakage display with the simple and structure of cheapness.
Summary of the invention
Earth detector based on an embodiment of the invention possesses: zero phase current transformer, alternating circuit this zero phase current transformer through; Integral operation portion, it carries out integration to the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer; Integrated value comparing section, it, when the operation result in above-mentioned integral operation portion is greater than specialized range, exports the first signal; Waveform judegment part, it detects the flex point of the output voltage waveforms of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer and counts, and exports secondary signal when the quantity of above-mentioned flex point reaches stated number; And detection of electrical leakage portion, it is when exporting above-mentioned first signal by above-mentioned integrated value comparing section and when exporting above-mentioned secondary signal by above-mentioned waveform judegment part, export the detection of electrical leakage signal representing and create electric leakage in above-mentioned alternating circuit.
It is desirable that, above-mentioned waveform judegment part starts the detection of above-mentioned flex point from the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is positive voltage or negative voltage.
In addition, it is desirable that, above-mentioned integral operation portion uses integral operation to obtain the effective value of the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer.
In addition, above-mentioned integral operation portion also can use integral operation to obtain the mean value of the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer.
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part also can possess: pulses generation portion, and its output voltage waveforms based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer produces pulse; And step-by-step counting portion, it counts the quantity of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion, exports above-mentioned secondary signal when the quantity of above-mentioned pulse reaches stated number.
It is desirable that, above-mentioned pulses generation portion is when the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is greater than specialized range, produce above-mentioned pulse.
In addition, above-mentioned pulses generation portion also can continue more than the stipulated time in the state that the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is greater than specialized range, above-mentioned pulse is produced.
In addition, it is desirable that, the output voltage of above-mentioned pulses generation portion above-mentioned zero phase current transformer after starting to produce above-mentioned pulse becomes when being less than assigned voltage, the generation of above-mentioned pulse is stopped.
In addition, above-mentioned pulses generation portion also can be configured to when from start to produce have passed through the stipulated time above-mentioned pulse, stop the generation of above-mentioned pulse.
In addition, above-mentioned pulses generation portion also can be configured to the generation stopping the second pulse from generation first pulse before the stipulated time.
It is desirable that, the quantity of above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion to the rising edge of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion counts, export above-mentioned secondary signal when this quantity reaches stated number.
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion also can be configured to count when the pulsewidth of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion is more than Rack, exports above-mentioned secondary signal when its quantity reaches stated number.
In addition, above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion also can be configured to count the quantity of the negative edge of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion, exports above-mentioned secondary signal when this quantity reaches stated number.
In addition, above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion also can stop the counting of the second pulse from counting the first pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion before the stipulated time.
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part also can possess count value changing unit, this count value changing unit, when the pulse output width based on the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion is more than Rack, changes the count value counted to get by above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion.
It is desirable that, above-mentioned pulse export width be from the output sart point in time of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion to end of output time point time wide.
Above-mentioned pulse export width also can be from the output sart point in time of the first pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion to the output sart point in time with above-mentioned first pulse continuous print second pulse time wide.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse export width also can be from the end of output time point of the first pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion to the end of output time point with above-mentioned first pulse continuous print second pulse time wide.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse export width also can be end of output time point from the output sart point in time of the first pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion to the second pulse time wide.
In addition, earth detector still can possess pulses generation condition changing unit, and this pulses generation condition changing unit, based on the count value counted to get by above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion, changes the Production conditions of the pulse in above-mentioned pulses generation portion.
Desirably, above-mentioned pulses generation condition changing unit changes at least one party in voltage threshold and pulse width threshold, wherein, this voltage threshold uses when judging whether above-mentioned pulses generation portion produces pulse, and this pulse width threshold uses when determining whether that paired pulses counts.
In addition, above-mentioned pulses generation portion also can produce the punching of positive lateral vein and minus side pulse, this positive lateral vein punching is the pulse of the output voltage of positive side based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, this minus side pulse is the pulse of the output voltage of minus side based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion counts above-mentioned positive lateral vein punching and above-mentioned minus side pulse, at least one party in the quantity of above-mentioned positive lateral vein punching and the quantity of above-mentioned minus side pulse is more than stated number, export above-mentioned secondary signal.
In addition, earth detector still can possess signal input part, and the input of this signal input part exports indicator signal for the signal making above-mentioned integrated value comparing section export above-mentioned first signal or to make waveform judegment part export above-mentioned secondary signal.
It is desirable that, above-mentioned signal input part inputs above-mentioned signal from non-essential resistance export indicator signal.
In addition, earth detector also can also possess: integration part, and it carries out integration to the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer; And operation result efferent, it carries out the output corresponding to the operation result of above-mentioned integration part, and wherein, above-mentioned operation result efferent and above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage portion also can by module compositions.
It is desirable that, above-mentioned integration part is used as above-mentioned integral operation portion by above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage portion.
In addition, above-mentioned integration part also can be configured to, and compared with above-mentioned integral operation portion, to be averaged calculating mean value, to carry out integration to this mean value to the output voltage of the above-mentioned zero phase current transformer in longer-term.
Desirably, above-mentioned operation result efferent exports caution signal when the operation result of above-mentioned integration part is greater than the specialized range than the narrow range of following voltage threshold, wherein, this voltage threshold is determining whether to use when exporting above-mentioned first signal by above-mentioned integrated value comparing section.
In addition, above-mentioned operation result efferent also can be configured to the operation result according to above-mentioned integration part, changes way of output when exporting above-mentioned caution signal.
Earth detector also can also possess operation result storage part, the information of the operation result of the above-mentioned integration part of this operation result storage part store predetermined time quantum.
In addition, it is desirable that, earth detector also possesses external terminal portions, the information of operation result of this external terminal portions for exporting above-mentioned operation result storage part and storing.
In addition, still can possess information output part, the information of the operation result that above-mentioned operation result storage part stores is outputted to storage medium by this information output part.
In addition, also can also possess information sending part, the information of the operation result that above-mentioned operation result storage part stores is sent to external server by this information sending part.
The earth detector of other embodiment of the present invention possesses: zero phase current transformer, alternating circuit this zero phase current transformer through; First integral operational part, it carries out integration to the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer; Detection of electrical leakage portion, it is based on the operation result of above-mentioned first integral operational part, exports the detection of electrical leakage signal representing and create electric leakage in above-mentioned alternating circuit; Second integral operational part, it carries out integration to the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer; And operation result efferent, it carries out the output corresponding to the operation result of above-mentioned second integral operational part, and wherein, above-mentioned operation result efferent and above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage portion are by a module composition.
It is desirable that, above-mentioned second integral operational part is used as above-mentioned first integral operational part by above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage portion.
In addition, above-mentioned second integral operational part also can be configured to, and compared with above-mentioned first integral operational part, to be averaged calculating mean value, to carry out integration to this mean value to the output voltage of the above-mentioned zero phase current transformer in longer-term.
Desirably, possesses integrated value comparing section, this integrated value comparing section is when the operation result of above-mentioned first integral operational part is greater than specialized range, export the first signal, above-mentioned operation result efferent exports caution signal when the operation result of above-mentioned second integral operational part is greater than the specialized range than the narrow range of following voltage threshold, wherein, this voltage threshold is determining whether to use when exporting above-mentioned first signal by above-mentioned integrated value comparing section.
In addition, above-mentioned operation result efferent also can be configured to the operation result according to above-mentioned second integral operational part, changes way of output when exporting above-mentioned caution signal.
Earth detector also can also possess operation result storage part, the information of the operation result of the above-mentioned second integral operational part of this operation result storage part store predetermined time quantum.
In addition, it is desirable that, earth detector also possesses external terminal portions, the information of operation result of this external terminal portions for exporting above-mentioned operation result storage part and storing.
In addition, still can possess information output part, the information of the operation result that above-mentioned operation result storage part stores is outputted to storage medium by this information output part.
In addition, also can be configured to also possess information sending part, the information of the operation result that above-mentioned operation result storage part stores is sent to external server by this information sending part.
In addition, also can also possess: integrated value comparing section, it, when the operation result of above-mentioned first integral operational part is greater than specialized range, exports the first signal; And waveform judegment part, it detects the flex point of the output voltage waveforms of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer and counts, secondary signal is exported when the quantity of above-mentioned flex point reaches stated number, wherein, above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage portion is when exporting above-mentioned first signal by above-mentioned integrated value comparing section and when exporting above-mentioned secondary signal by above-mentioned waveform judegment part, export above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage signal.
It is desirable that, above-mentioned waveform judegment part starts the detection of above-mentioned flex point from the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is positive voltage or negative voltage.
In addition, it is desirable that, above-mentioned first integral operational part uses integral operation to obtain the effective value of the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer.
In addition, above-mentioned first integral operational part also can use integral operation to obtain the mean value of the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer.
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part also can possess: pulses generation portion, and its output voltage waveforms based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer produces pulse; And step-by-step counting portion, it counts the quantity of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion, exports above-mentioned secondary signal when the quantity of above-mentioned pulse reaches stated number.
It is desirable that, above-mentioned pulses generation portion is when the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is greater than specialized range, produce above-mentioned pulse.
In addition, above-mentioned pulses generation portion also can continue more than the stipulated time in the state that the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is greater than specialized range, above-mentioned pulse is produced.
In addition, it is desirable that, the output voltage of above-mentioned pulses generation portion above-mentioned zero phase current transformer after starting to produce above-mentioned pulse becomes when being less than assigned voltage, the generation of above-mentioned pulse is stopped.
In addition, above-mentioned pulses generation portion also can be configured to when from start to produce have passed through the stipulated time above-mentioned pulse, stop the generation of above-mentioned pulse.
In addition, above-mentioned pulses generation portion also can be configured to the generation stopping the second pulse from generation first pulse before the stipulated time.
It is desirable that, the quantity of above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion to the rising edge of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion counts, export above-mentioned secondary signal when this quantity reaches stated number.
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion also can be configured to count when the pulsewidth of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion is more than Rack, exports above-mentioned secondary signal when its quantity reaches stated number.
In addition, above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion also can be configured to count the quantity of the negative edge of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion, exports above-mentioned secondary signal when this quantity reaches stated number.
In addition, above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion also can stop the counting of the second pulse from counting the first pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion before the stipulated time.
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part also can possess count value changing unit, this count value changing unit, when the pulse output width based on the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion is more than Rack, changes the count value counted to get by above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion.
It is desirable that, above-mentioned pulse export width be from the output sart point in time of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion to end of output time point time wide.
Above-mentioned pulse export width also can be from the output sart point in time of the first pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion to the output sart point in time with above-mentioned first pulse continuous print second pulse time wide.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse export width also can be from the end of output time point of the first pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion to the end of output time point with above-mentioned first pulse continuous print second pulse time wide.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse export width also can be end of output time point from the output sart point in time of the first pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion to the second pulse time wide.
In addition, earth detector still can possess pulses generation condition changing unit, and this pulses generation condition changing unit, based on the count value counted to get by above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion, changes the Production conditions of the pulse in above-mentioned pulses generation portion.
Desirably, above-mentioned pulses generation condition changing unit changes at least one party in voltage threshold and pulse width threshold, wherein, this voltage threshold uses when judging whether above-mentioned pulses generation portion produces pulse, and this pulse width threshold uses when determining whether that paired pulses counts.
In addition, above-mentioned pulses generation portion also can produce the punching of positive lateral vein and minus side pulse, this positive lateral vein punching is the pulse of the output voltage of positive side based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, this minus side pulse is the pulse of the output voltage of minus side based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion counts above-mentioned positive lateral vein punching and above-mentioned minus side pulse, at least one party in the quantity of above-mentioned positive lateral vein punching and the quantity of above-mentioned minus side pulse is more than stated number, export above-mentioned secondary signal.
In addition, earth detector still can possess signal input part, and the input of this signal input part exports indicator signal for the signal making above-mentioned integrated value comparing section export above-mentioned first signal or to make waveform judegment part export above-mentioned secondary signal.
It is desirable that, above-mentioned signal input part inputs above-mentioned signal from non-essential resistance export indicator signal.
the effect of invention
According to the present invention, common electric leakage and lightning surge can be identified as early as possible.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Object clearly of the present invention and feature is come by the explanation of following accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the circuit block diagram of the structure example of the earth detector represented in the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of the detailed construction example of the waveform judegment part represented in the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the time diagram of the 1st action case for illustration of the earth detector in the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the time diagram of the 2nd action case for illustration of the earth detector in the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the time diagram of the 3rd action case for illustration of the earth detector in the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the time diagram of the 4th action case for illustration of the earth detector in the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the time diagram of the 5th action case for illustration of the earth detector in the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the circuit block diagram of the detailed construction example of the waveform judegment part represented in the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the time diagram of the action case for illustration of the earth detector in the second embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the circuit block diagram of the detailed construction example of the waveform judegment part represented in the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the time diagram of the action case for illustration of the earth detector in the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the circuit block diagram of the detailed construction example of the waveform judegment part represented in the 4th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 13 is the time diagram of the action case for illustration of the earth detector in the 4th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the circuit block diagram of the structure example of the earth detector represented in the 5th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the block diagram of the 1st structure example of the earth detector represented in the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 16 is the block diagram of the 2nd structure example of the earth detector represented in the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 17 is the block diagram of the 3rd structure example of the earth detector represented in the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 18 is the block diagram of the 4th structure example of the earth detector represented in the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 19 is the block diagram of the 5th structure example of the earth detector represented in the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 20 is the block diagram of the 6th structure example of the earth detector represented in the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below, the accompanying drawing with reference to the part forming this instructions illustrates in greater detail embodiments of the present invention.In all of the figs same reference marker added to same or similar part and omit the description.
(the first embodiment)
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the structure example of the earth detector represented in the first embodiment of the present invention.Earth detector 100 shown in Fig. 1 is configured to have zero phase current transformer 10, integral operation portion 20, integrated value comparing section 30, waveform judegment part 40, detection of electrical leakage portion 50.
Zero phase current transformer 10 is made up of the iron core (core) of ring-type and the coil of anchor ring shape that is wound on this core, wherein, this iron core is formed by magnetics such as soft magnetic materials, forms multiple Primary Conductor this iron core through flowing through the alternating circuit of the electrical current of three-phase.When alternating circuit along toward direction, road flow electric current and the electric current flowed along direction, return road between create difference, produce the leakage current based on this difference in zero phase current transformer 10.And, produce the induced voltage corresponding with leakage current at the two ends of coil.This induced voltage is outputted to integral operation portion 20 and waveform judegment part 40 as the output voltage of zero phase current transformer 10, i.e. ZCT output voltage by zero phase current transformer 10.In addition, though illustrate, but export to obtain voltage from zero phase current transformer 10, be inserted with resistive element in parallel with zero phase current transformer 10.
Integral operation portion 20 is made up of integrating circuit etc., adds up ZCT output voltage, and the voltage (accumulation voltage) of accumulative gained is outputted to integrated value comparing section 30 as output voltage.
In addition, integral operation portion 20 also can use integral operation to obtain the effective value of ZCT output voltage.Such as, the integration of one-period amount carried out to the square value of ZCT output voltage and divided by time of one-period, obtain the square root of its value.In this case, more precisely can detect leakage current, thus improve the detection of electrical leakage performance to distorted wave.In addition, integral operation portion 20 also can use integral operation to obtain the mean value of ZCT output voltage.Such as, the integration of one-period amount is carried out to the absolute value of ZCT output voltage and divided by time of one-period, it is average to calculate absolute value.The average value of this absolute value in integrated value comparing section 30 for comparing.In this case, can operand be reduced compared with the situation obtaining effective value, thus earth detector 100 can be formed with low cost.
Integrated value comparing section 30 is made up of comparator circuit etc., when the operation result in integral operation portion 20 and the absolute value of integrated value are integrated value more than the decision threshold th1 as setting, to detection of electrical leakage portion 50 output voltage H (with reference to Fig. 3).At this, integrated value decision threshold th1 is positive number.On the other hand, when the absolute value of aggregate-value is less than integrated value decision threshold th1, to detection of electrical leakage portion 50 output voltage L.The output voltage of integrated value comparing section 30 is that the situation of voltage H is equivalent to the situation that integrated value comparing section 30 exports specified signal (the first signal).In addition, voltage H is higher than voltage L.
Waveform judegment part 40 detects the flex point of the voltage waveform of ZCT output voltage and counts, when the quantity of this flex point reaches stated number, to detection of electrical leakage portion 50 output voltage H.On the other hand, when the quantity of flex point does not reach stated number, to detection of electrical leakage portion 50 output voltage L.The output voltage of waveform judegment part 40 is that the situation of voltage H is equivalent to the situation that waveform judegment part 40 exports specified signal (secondary signal).Stated number is such as " 2 ", " 3 " etc. herein.In addition, the detailed construction of waveform judegment part 40 describes later.
In addition, waveform judegment part 40 both can start the detection of above-mentioned flex point from ZCT output voltage is positive voltage, also can start the detection of above-mentioned flex point from ZCT output voltage is negative voltage.Thereby, it is possible to carry out the detection of flex point at high speed, alternating circuit can be cut off more at high speed when common electric leakage.
Detection of electrical leakage portion 50 is made up of " with (AND) " circuit etc., when the output voltage of integrated value comparing section 30 is voltage H and the output voltage of waveform judegment part 40 is voltage H, and output voltage H.The output voltage in detection of electrical leakage portion 50 is that the situation of voltage H is equivalent to export the situation representing and create the detection of electrical leakage signal of electric leakage in alternating circuit.In addition, detection of electrical leakage signal is sent to as (for cutting off alternating circuit) shutoff signal of the circuit contact for disconnecting alternating circuit the breaking coil (not shown) disconnecting foregoing circuit contact.Its result, the circuit contact of alternating circuit is disconnected.
Then, the detailed construction of waveform judegment part 40 is described.Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the detailed construction example representing waveform judegment part 40.Waveform judegment part 40 shown in Fig. 2 is configured to have pulses generation portion 41, step-by-step counting portion 42.
Pulses generation portion 41 is made up of pulse-generating circuit etc., produces pulse based on ZCT output voltage.In the example in figure 3, the voltage of the short time of assigned voltage value (voltage H) is output as pulse.
Step-by-step counting portion 42 is made up of impulse meter etc., counts the quantity of the pulse produced by pulses generation portion 41, when the quantity of pulse reaches stated number, output voltage is set to voltage H, exports above-mentioned secondary signal.On the other hand, when the quantity of pulse does not reach stated number, output voltage is set to voltage L, does not export above-mentioned secondary signal.
Then, the action of the earth detector 100 of present embodiment is described.Fig. 3 is the time diagram of the 1st action case of earth detector 100 for illustration of present embodiment.
In the example in figure 3, suppose that pulses generation portion 41 produces the narrow pulse of width when the absolute value of ZCT output voltage is leakage current more than detection threshold th2.At this, leakage current detection threshold th2 is positive number.The pulses generation action in this pulses generation portion 41 is equivalent to the flex point detecting output voltage waveforms.Thus, misoperation can not be carried out due to lightning surge, action can be carried out when the leakage current value expected, detect electric leakage more at high speed.On the other hand, when the absolute value of ZCT output voltage is less than leakage current detection threshold th2, pulse is not produced.In addition, at this, counted by step-by-step counting portion 42 when pulse is risen.
" leakage current " of Fig. 3 represents the leakage current produced in the zero phase current transformer 10 in each situation (common electric leakage, lightning surge).As shown in Figure 3, produce periodic leakage current when common electric leakage, the larger and temporary leakage current of generation current value when lightning surge.
" the ZCT output " of Fig. 3 represents the output voltage (ZCT output voltage) of the zero phase current transformer 10 corresponding with the leakage current in each situation.
" output of pulses generation portion " of Fig. 3 represents the output voltage in the pulses generation portion 41 in each situation.In the example in figure 3, produce 3 wave impulses when the common electric leakage of same period, and produce 2 wave impulses when lightning surge, produce more pulse when common electric leakage.
" counter " of Fig. 3 represents the count value that the step-by-step counting portion 42 in each situation keeps.
" the counter output " of Fig. 3 represents the output voltage in the step-by-step counting portion 42 in each situation.In the example in figure 3, when the pulse of generation the 3rd ripple, the output voltage in step-by-step counting portion 42 becomes voltage H.
" the integral operation output " of Fig. 3 represents the output voltage in the integral operation portion 20 in each situation.
" integrated value compares output " of Fig. 3 represents the output voltage of the integrated value comparing section 30 in each situation.
" output of detection of electrical leakage signal " of Fig. 3 represents the output voltage in the detection of electrical leakage portion 50 in each situation.
According to this 1st action case, common electric leakage and lightning surge can be identified as early as possible.
Fig. 4 is the time diagram of the 2nd action case of earth detector 100 for illustration of present embodiment.
In the example in fig. 4, suppose that pulses generation portion 41 produces the narrow pulse of width when the state that the absolute value of ZCT output voltage is leakage current more than detection threshold th2 continue for more than the stipulated time.On the other hand, when the absolute value of ZCT output voltage is less than leakage current detection threshold th2, or when the state that the absolute value of ZCT output voltage is leakage current more than detection threshold th2 does not continue more than the stipulated time, do not produce pulse.
As shown in Figure 4, also consider continuing of stipulated time while considering the magnitude of voltage of ZCT output voltage, therefore, compared with Fig. 3, " output of pulses generation portion " timing after delay stipulated time is output.In the present embodiment, step-by-step counting portion 42 counts at the rising edge paired pulses of pulse.Correspondingly, the timing of " counter ", " counter output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal " also postpones.Thus, misoperation can not be carried out due to lightning surge, action can be carried out when the leakage current value expected, detect electric leakage more at high speed.Further, also strong to antimierophonic ability, robustness improves.
In addition, in the diagram, the diagram of " integral operation output ", " integrated value compares output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal " is eliminated.
Fig. 5 is the time diagram of the 3rd action case for illustration of earth detector 100.
In the example of fig. 5, suppose that the absolute value of pulses generation portion 41 ZCT output voltage after starting to produce pulse becomes the generation of stop pulse when being less than pulse stopping decision threshold th3.On the other hand, when the absolute value of ZCT output voltage is pulse stopping more than decision threshold th3, continue to produce pulse.At this, th2>th3>0.
Thus, as shown in " output of pulses generation portion " of Fig. 5, become leakage current more than detection threshold th2 from the absolute value of ZCT output voltage and play this absolute value and become and be less than till pulse stops decision threshold th3, produce a pulse.In addition, at this, counted by step-by-step counting portion 42 when pulse declines.Thus, compared with the situation of carrying out when pulse is risen counting, the constant time lag of " counter ", " counter output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal ".
In addition, in Figure 5, the diagram of " integral operation output ", " integrated value compares output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal " is eliminated.
In addition, at this, show to determine that pulse stand-by time point considers the situation of voltage, but also can consider that the time replaces voltage.Such as, pulses generation portion 41 also can as shown in Figure 6 described later, from start to produce to have passed through stipulated time (Rack) t2 pulse time stop pulse.If this mode, then, in during starting to produce the postimpulse stipulated time, noise can not affect detection of electrical leakage.
Fig. 6 is the time diagram of the 4th action case of earth detector 100 for illustration of present embodiment.
In the example of fig. 6, suppose that pulses generation portion 41 does not produce next pulse at the appointed time after generation has the pulse of Rack t2.That is, suppose that pulses generation portion 41 stopped the generation of the second pulse from generation first pulse before the stipulated time.In the example of fig. 6, this pulse is only applied to the situation of common electric leakage during exporting shielding.
In the example of fig. 6, in common electric leakage, in during the pulse as the stipulated time exports shielding, comprise the generation timing of a pulse.In this case, second pulse that should be produced by pulses generation portion 41 is overlapping during shielding with output, and therefore this second pulse produces after terminating during this output shielding.Thus, the count value of step-by-step counting can postpone a pulse and be counted.
In addition, in the example shown in the lightning surge of Fig. 6, the first pulse and the second pulse is produced during supposing to be shielded by pulses generation portion 41 no-output, step-by-step counting portion 42 counts at pulse falling edge paired pulses, from carrying out the first pulse counting, before the stipulated time, stopping the counting of the second pulse.In the example of fig. 6, the situation of lightning surge is only applied to during the shielding of this counting.
In the example shown in lightning surge, in during the counting shielding as the stipulated time, comprise the counting and timing of a pulse.In this case, overlapping during the second pulse should being undertaken counting by step-by-step counting portion 42 shields with counting, therefore this second pulse is counted after terminating during the shielding of this counting.Thus, the count value of step-by-step counting can postpone a pulse and be counted.Thus, the constant time lag of " counter ", therefore with its correspondingly, the timing of " counter output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal " also postpones.
In addition, in figure 6, the diagram of " integral operation output ", " integrated value compares output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal " is eliminated.
Like this, by during the pluse shielding that arranges the stipulated time or during counting shielding, can correctly carry out pulses generation or carry out step-by-step counting.Particularly can prevent the error detection of lightning surge, the misoperation of earth detector 100 can be prevented.In addition, in the present embodiment, the generation timing of a pulse is comprised in during pulse exports shielding, the counting and timing of a pulse is comprised in during counting shielding, therefore, when second pulse is counted, the output voltage in step-by-step counting portion 42 becomes voltage H.
Fig. 7 is the time diagram of the 5th action case of earth detector 100 for illustration of present embodiment.
In the example of fig. 7, pulses generation portion 41 becomes leakage current more than detection threshold th2 from the absolute value of ZCT output voltage and plays till this absolute value becomes and be less than leakage current detection threshold th2, produces a pulse.In addition, suppose that the pulsewidth (time wide) of step-by-step counting portion 42 in the pulse produced by pulses generation portion 41 is for counting when more than Rack A.On the other hand, when the pulsewidth of pulse is less than Rack A, do not count as pulse.
In addition, at this, counted by step-by-step counting portion 42 when pulse declines.Thus, compared with the situation of carrying out when pulse is risen counting, the constant time lag of " counter ", " counter output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal ".
In addition, in the figure 7, the diagram of " integral operation output ", " integrated value compares output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal " is eliminated.According to this action case, easily lightning surge and common electric leakage can be distinguished and be detected.
(the second embodiment)
As shown in Figure 8, the earth detector 100 of the second embodiment possesses waveform judegment part 40B and replaces the waveform judegment part 40 shown in the first embodiment.In addition, give same tag to the structure identical with the earth detector 100 shown in the first embodiment of the earth detector 100 of present embodiment, omit the description.
Fig. 8 is the block diagram of the structure example of the waveform judegment part 40B represented in the second embodiment of the present invention.Waveform judegment part 40B shown in Fig. 8, except possessing pulses generation portion 41 and step-by-step counting portion 42, also possesses count value changing unit 43.
Count value changing unit 43 is made up of control circuit etc., the pulse detected based on the pulse produced by pulses generation portion 41 exports width, when this pulse export width be more than Rack or be less than Rack, the count value in pulse count portion 42 changes.Such as, can export width is more than Rack in pulse and make count value increase 1, make count value reduce 1 when pulse output width is below Rack.
In the present embodiment, pulses generation portion 41 produces pulse in the interval that the absolute value of ZCT output voltage is leakage current more than detection threshold th2.In addition, count at the negative edge paired pulses of each pulse.At this, " pulse output width " following (with reference to Fig. 9 described later).
(A) from the output sart point in time (rise time point) of the pulse P1 as the first pulse to end of output time point (some fall time) time wide A1 (using threshold value T1 in this case)
(B) from the output sart point in time of the pulse P1 as the first pulse to the output sart point in time as the pulse P2 with the first pulse continuous print second pulse time wide A2 (using threshold value T2 in this case)
(C) the end of output time point from the end of output time point of pulse P1 to pulse P2 time wide A3 (in this case use threshold value T3)
(D) the end of output time point from the output sart point in time of pulse P1 to pulse P2 time wide A4 (in this case use threshold value T4)
Fig. 9 is the time diagram of the action case of earth detector 100 for illustration of present embodiment.
In the example of figure 9, Counter Value is made to increase 1 when pulse output width A3 is more than threshold value T3.Thereby, it is possible to set the timing making count value change neatly.Thus, by some in A1 ~ A4 wide time each being set as pulse exports width, the actuation time of earth detector 100 can not postpone, and can prevent misoperation.
In the example shown in Fig. 9, the pulsewidth A3 when common electric leakage between pulse P1 and P2 is greater than threshold value T3, and therefore at the negative edge time point of pulse P2, count value is increased to 3 from 1, produces voltage H at this time point from step-by-step counting portion 42.
In addition, in fig .9, the diagram of " integral operation output ", " integrated value compares output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal " is eliminated.
(the 3rd embodiment)
The earth detector 100 of the 3rd embodiment possesses waveform judegment part 40C and replaces the waveform judegment part 40 shown in the first embodiment.In addition, give same tag to the structure identical with the earth detector 100 shown in the first embodiment of the earth detector 100 of present embodiment, omit the description.
Figure 10 is the block diagram of the structure example of the waveform judegment part 40C represented in the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.Waveform judegment part 40C shown in Figure 10, except possessing pulses generation portion 41 and step-by-step counting portion 42, also possesses pulses generation condition changing unit 44.
Pulses generation condition changing unit 44 is made up of control circuit etc., and based on the count value counted to get by step-by-step counting portion 42, the Production conditions of the pulse of paired pulses generating unit 41 and/or the step-by-step counting condition in step-by-step counting portion 42 change.As the Production conditions of pulse, have voltage threshold, this voltage threshold uses when judging whether pulses generation portion 41 produces pulse, as step-by-step counting condition, has pulsewidth (time wide) threshold value etc.Pulses generation condition changing unit 44 such as changes at least one party in this voltage threshold (" the leakage current detection threshold th2 " that illustrate in such as the first embodiment) and pulse width threshold (" the Rack A " that illustrate in such as the first embodiment).
Figure 11 is the time diagram of the action case of earth detector 100 for illustration of present embodiment.
In the example of Figure 11, count at the negative edge of pulse when the peak pulse duration A of the first pulse and the second pulse is long, the time threshold of pulses generation condition changing unit 44 when the output of counter be the pulses generation judgement in the time point pulse count portion 42 of " 2 " changes.That is, count down to the time point of 2, for the time threshold in pulses generation portion 41, change to instantaneous detection.That is, count at the rising edge of pulse.Thereby, it is possible to the misoperation of the earth detector 100 preventing lightning surge etc. from causing, and alternating circuit can be cut off more at high speed when common electric leakage.
In addition, in fig. 11, the diagram of " integral operation output ", " integrated value compares output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal " is eliminated.
(the 4th embodiment)
The earth detector 100 of the 4th embodiment possesses waveform judegment part 40D and replaces the waveform judegment part 40 shown in the first embodiment.In addition, give same tag to the structure identical with the earth detector 100 shown in the first embodiment of the earth detector 100 of present embodiment, omit the description.
Figure 12 is the block diagram of the structure example of the waveform judegment part 40D represented in the 4th embodiment of the present invention.Waveform judegment part 40D shown in Figure 12 possesses that positive lateral vein rushes generating unit 41A, minus side pulses generation portion 41B, positive lateral vein rushes count section 42A and minus side step-by-step counting portion 42B.
Positive lateral vein rushes generating unit 41A and produces the punching of positive lateral vein, and this positive lateral vein punching is the pulse of the ZCT output voltage based on positive side.Minus side pulses generation portion 41B produces minus side pulse, and this minus side pulse is the pulse of the ZCT output voltage based on minus side.In addition, based on ZCT output voltage produce positive lateral vein punching or minus side pulse condition with illustrate before identical.
Positive lateral vein rush count section 42A align lateral vein rush in row counting, when this count number is more than stated number, output voltage is set to voltage H, export secondary signal.Minus side step-by-step counting portion 42B counts minus side pulse, when this count number is more than stated number, output voltage is set to voltage H, exports secondary signal.Thus, at least one party in the quantity of the quantity that positive lateral vein rushes and minus side pulse exports secondary signal for more than stated number.In addition, align lateral vein punching or minus side pulse carry out the condition that counts with illustrate before identical.
Figure 13 is the time diagram of the action case of earth detector 100 for illustration of present embodiment.
" the positive lateral vein rush generating unit export " of Figure 13 represents that the positive lateral vein in each situation rushes the output voltage of generating unit 41A.In the example of Figure 13, produce the positive lateral vein punching of 2 ripple when the common electric leakage of same period, and produce the positive lateral vein punching of 1 ripple when lightning surge, produce more pulse when common electric leakage.
The positive lateral vein that " the positive side counter " of Figure 13 represents in each situation rushes the count value that count section 42A keeps.
" output of minus side pulses generation portion " of Figure 13 represents the output voltage of the minus side pulses generation portion 41B in each situation.In the example of Figure 13, produce 1 ripple minus side pulse when the common electric leakage of same period, and also produce 1 ripple minus side pulse when lightning surge.
" the minus side counter " of Figure 13 represents the count value that the minus side step-by-step counting portion 42B in each situation keeps.
" the counter output " of Figure 13 represents the output considering positive side counter and minus side counter.In the example of Figure 13, when at least one party in positive lateral vein punching and minus side pulse count down to more than 2 ripples by least one party that positive lateral vein rushes in count section 42A and minus side step-by-step counting portion 42B, the output voltage that counter exports becomes voltage H.Thus, in the example of Figure 13, only when common electric leakage, counter exports and becomes voltage H.In addition, though illustrate, positive lateral vein rushes count section 42A, the output of minus side step-by-step counting portion 42B outputs to electric leakage efferent 50 by OR-gate (ORgate).
In addition, in fig. 13, the diagram of " integral operation output ", " integrated value compares output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal " is eliminated.
Like this, the positive side of ZCT output voltage and minus side can be distinguished and be carried out pulses generation and step-by-step counting, easily can be detected half-wave electric leakage thus.
(the 5th embodiment)
Figure 14 is the block diagram of the structure example of the earth detector E represented in the 5th embodiment of the present invention.Earth detector 100E possesses zero phase current transformer 10, integral operation portion 20, integrated value comparing section 30, waveform judegment part 40, detection of electrical leakage portion 50E and the multiple logical operation portions as integrated circuit.At this, exemplified with possessing the first logical operation portion 60 and the second logical operation portion 70 situation as multiple logic circuit unit, but be not limited to this.In addition, also can use before illustrate waveform judegment part 40B ~ 40D to replace waveform judegment part 40.Give same tag to the structure identical with the earth detector 100 shown in the first ~ four embodiment of the earth detector 100E of present embodiment, omit the description.
First logical operation portion 60 and the second logical operation portion 70 have the function as signal input part, this signal input part input for make the output voltage of integrated value comparing section 30 be voltage H (that is making it export the first signal) and for make the output voltage of waveform judegment part 40 be voltage H (that is making it export secondary signal) signal export indicator signal.Thus, by these circuit parts, can the polyalgorithm illustrated in the first embodiment ~ the 4th embodiment be changed.That is, the first logical operation portion 60 and the second logical operation portion 70 according to the signal from outside, independently export the first signal and secondary signal to detection of electrical leakage portion 50E with the output of integrated value comparing section 30 and waveform judegment part 40 respectively.
First logical operation portion 60 is made up of " or (OR) " circuit etc., at least one party in the output voltage of integrated value comparing section 30 and the output voltage of external circuit part is voltage H, and output voltage H.
Second logical operation portion 70 is made up of " or (OR) " circuit etc., at least one party in the output voltage of waveform judegment part 40 and the output voltage of external circuit part is voltage H, and output voltage H.
In addition, as the external circuit part in the first logical operation portion 60 and the second logical operation portion 70, the Chip-R of low capacity is considered.This Chip-R is connected with the input pin (pin) in the first logical operation portion 70 of logical operation portion 60, second.Thereby, it is possible to form the circuit external circuit part included at an easy rate.Also indicator signal can be exported from non-essential resistance input signal like this.
Detection of electrical leakage portion 50E is made up of " with (AND) " circuit etc., when the output voltage in the first logical operation portion 60 is voltage H and the output voltage in the second logical operation portion 70 is voltage H, and output voltage H.The output voltage of detection of electrical leakage portion 50E is that the situation of voltage H is equivalent to export the situation representing and create the detection of electrical leakage signal of electric leakage in alternating circuit.In addition, detection of electrical leakage signal is sent to as (for cutting off alternating circuit) shutoff signal of the circuit contact for disconnecting alternating circuit the breaking coil (not shown) disconnecting foregoing circuit contact.Its result, the circuit contact of alternating circuit is disconnected.
According to the earth detector 100E of this present embodiment, if the output voltage making the external circuit part be connected with the first logical operation portion 60 is voltage H, then be always the situation equivalence of voltage H with the output voltage of the integrated value comparing section 30 of the first embodiment ~ the 4th embodiment, therefore, it is possible to make the function of integrated value comparing section 30 invalid.Similarly, if the output voltage making the external circuit part be connected with the second logical operation portion 70 is voltage H, then be always the situation equivalence of voltage H, therefore, it is possible to make the function of waveform judegment part 40 grade invalid with the output voltage of waveform judegment part 40 grade of the first embodiment ~ the 4th embodiment (40, in 40B ~ 40D some).That is, external circuit part can be used to make the function of folk prescription invalid.
In addition, at this, describe use first logical operation portion 60 and the second logical operation portion 70 to make the situation that the part of functions of earth detector 100E is invalid, but also can not use these circuit parts.Such as, the input of never illustrated external device (ED) can be also configured to for changing each threshold value or the change signal for changing count value such as the voltage threshold of at least one, time threshold in integral operation portion 20, integrated value comparing section 30 and waveform judegment part 40.Such as, when changing each threshold value, the value that measuring voltage, Measuring Time exceed this threshold value all the time can also be changed to.In addition, such as, also count value can be changed to the value exceeding count threshold all the time.According to this structure, the part of functions of earth detector 100E can be made too invalid.
(the 6th embodiment)
Figure 15 is the block diagram of the structure example of the earth detector 100F represented in the 6th embodiment of the present invention.The earth detector 100F of present embodiment has zero phase current transformer 10, the first system (levels of leakage test section 80) and second system, this the first system has the function as the earth detector 100 except zero phase current transformer 10 illustrated in the first ~ five embodiment, 100E, the output voltage (ZCT output voltage) of this second system to zero phase current transformer 10 carries out integration, carries out the output corresponding to integral result.That is, the first system realizes the function relevant with electrical leakage breaking, and second system realizes being used for the function informing the user electrical leakage quantity (leakage current value).
Levels of leakage test section 80 as the first system has foregoing integral operation portion 20, integrated value comparing section 30, waveform judegment part 40, detection of electrical leakage portion 50 etc.Wherein, levels of leakage test section 80 at least possesses integral operation portion 20 and detection of electrical leakage portion 50.When levels of leakage test section 80 only possesses integral operation portion 20 and detection of electrical leakage portion 50, detection of electrical leakage portion 50 exports detection of electrical leakage signal based on the operation result in integral operation portion 20.
Second system possesses integration part 91 and operation result efferent 92.Integration part 91 pairs of ZCT output voltages carry out integration, have the structure identical with the integral operation portion 20 illustrated before.Operation result efferent 92 carries out exporting accordingly with the operation result of integration part 91 (integrated value).Operation result efferent 92 such as exports various information by not shown display, loudspeaker etc.At this, as operation result, the mean value (mean value operation result) of the ZCT output voltage such as export the effective value (effective value operation result) of the ZCT output voltage that the use integral operation as illustrated before obtains, using integral operation to obtain.
At this, each structural portion of the first system and second system is formed in an integrated circuit (module).Thus, by forming earth detector 100F like this in same packaging body, cost can be realized and reduce.That is, electrical leakage breaking and electric leakage display can be implemented with the simple and structure of cheapness simultaneously.
In addition, as shown in figure 16, also integration part 91 can be used as the integral operation portion 20 illustrated in the first embodiment.That is, levels of leakage test section 80 also can be made not possess integral operation portion 20, and the output of integration part 91 is inputted by integrated value comparing section 30.Like this, by sharing the structure for carrying out integration, cost can be realized and reduce.In addition, due to hardware such as shared integrating circuit, the difference of hardware, the impact for the compute mode of integral operation can not be subject to thus, therefore for detection of electrical leakage horizontal detection value and for show electric leakage degree displayed value between can not produce error, therefore, it is possible to adjust in the mode not producing contradiction between the two.
In addition, operation result efferent 92 also can export the value (mean value) integrated value calculated by integration part 91 being averaged to gained.In addition, the value (mean value) integrated value calculated by integral operation portion 20 being averaged to gained also can compare with setting (integrated value decision threshold th1) by integrated value comparing section 30.Mean value such as refers to time average.Now, preferably, long during when averaging than integrated value comparing section 30 during when making operation result efferent 92 average.In addition, also can compared with integral operation portion 20, the ZCT output voltage in integration part 91 pairs of longer-terms is averaged the mean value calculating ZCT output voltage, carries out integration to obtain integrated value to this mean value.Thereby, it is possible to the impact of the variation of the ZCT output voltage do not caused by the noise such as surge voltage and correctly export integrated value (suitable with leakage current value) etc.
In addition, at this, be illustrated as mean value, but effective value also can be used to replace mean value.
In addition, operation result efferent 92 also can when the absolute value of the operation result of integration part 91 (integrated value) be greater than threshold value th4, export caution signal (alarm), wherein, this threshold value th4 is than the leakage current detection threshold th2 little (th2>th4>0) for detection of electrical leakage in levels of leakage test section 80.About caution signal herein, the warning etc. utilizing the warning of acoustic information, utilize display information can be considered.That is, also can being greater than when determining whether the threshold value th2 used when exporting the first signal by integrated value comparing section 30 at the operation result of integration part 91, exporting caution signal.Thus, before the electric leakage degree will cutting off alternating circuit being detected, user can identify the state of electric leakage in advance.
In addition, operation result efferent 92 also can change way of output when exporting caution signal according to the operation result of integration part 91.In this case, such as can consider to light LED when the absolute value of the operation result of integration part 91 exceedes 50% of the absolute value of leakage current detection threshold th2, when exceed leakage current detection threshold th2 absolute value 80% export alarm tone.Thereby, it is possible to correctly notify the urgency (level) apart from electrical leakage breaking, thus the state of affairs causing suddenly electrical leakage breaking can be avoided.
In addition, as shown in figure 17, earth detector 100F also can possess operation result storage part 93, and this operation result storage part 93 stores the operation result of integration part 91.The information of the operation result storage part 93 such as operation result of store predetermined time quantum (amount etc. of a week).Now, also can rewrite at coverage information after the stipulated time.In addition, the information of operation result refers to the integrated value (effective value, mean value) etc. of ZCT output voltage.Thus, by storing until the operation result of the set time of electrical leakage breaking, becoming and being easy to determine to cut off reason.
In addition, as shown in figure 18, earth detector 100F also can possess external terminal portions 94, and this external terminal portions 94 is for exporting the information of operation result of integration part 91, the information of the operation result of operation result storage part 93 by outside terminal.External terminal portions 94 is such as USB (UniversalSerialBus: USB (universal serial bus)) terminal etc.By possessing external terminal portions 94, easily can export the information of operation result, becoming and being easy to determine to cut off reason.
In addition, as shown in figure 19, earth detector 100F also can possess information output part 95, and the information of the operation result of the information of the operation result of integration part 91, operation result storage part 93 is outputted to storage medium by this information output part 95.Storage medium is such as USB storage, SD card etc.Thus, by such as by until the operation result of set time of electrical leakage breaking outputs to storage medium, the movement of data becomes easy, becomes and is easy to determine to cut off reason.
In addition, as shown in figure 20, earth detector 100F also can possess information sending part 96, and the information of the operation result of the information of the operation result of integration part 91, operation result storage part 93 is sent to external server by this information sending part 96.Thus, by such as by until the operation result of set time of electrical leakage breaking outputs to external server, utilize long-range sensor also can easily grasp electric leakage situation, become and be easy to determine to cut off reason.
Illustrative examples in above-mentioned all embodiments, embodiment and variation enough can combine to use mutually.Above, describe the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these particular implementation, carries out numerous variations and distortion with can not departing from the category of claims, these change and distortion also belongs to category of the present invention.

Claims (31)

1. an earth detector, possesses:
Zero phase current transformer, alternating circuit this zero phase current transformer through;
Integral operation portion, it carries out integration to the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer;
Integrated value comparing section, it, when the operation result in above-mentioned integral operation portion is greater than specialized range, exports the first signal;
Waveform judegment part, it detects the flex point of the output voltage waveforms of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer and counts, and exports secondary signal when the quantity of above-mentioned flex point reaches stated number; And
Detection of electrical leakage portion, it is when exporting above-mentioned first signal by above-mentioned integrated value comparing section and when exporting above-mentioned secondary signal by above-mentioned waveform judegment part, export the detection of electrical leakage signal representing and create electric leakage in above-mentioned alternating circuit,
Wherein, above-mentioned waveform judegment part possesses:
Pulses generation portion, its output voltage waveforms based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer produces pulse; And
Step-by-step counting portion, it counts the quantity of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion, exports above-mentioned secondary signal when the quantity of above-mentioned pulse reaches stated number,
Above-mentioned pulses generation portion, when the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is greater than specialized range, produces above-mentioned pulse.
2. earth detector according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part starts the detection of above-mentioned flex point from the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is positive voltage or negative voltage.
3. earth detector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned integral operation portion uses integral operation to obtain the effective value of the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer.
4. earth detector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned integral operation portion uses integral operation to obtain the mean value of the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer.
5. earth detector according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulses generation portion, when the state that the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is greater than specialized range continues more than the stipulated time, produces above-mentioned pulse.
6. earth detector according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
The output voltage of above-mentioned pulses generation portion above-mentioned zero phase current transformer after starting to produce above-mentioned pulse becomes and is less than assigned voltage, stop the generation of above-mentioned pulse.
7. earth detector according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulses generation portion when from start to produce have passed through the stipulated time above-mentioned pulse, stop the generation of above-mentioned pulse.
8. earth detector according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulses generation portion stopped the generation of the second pulse from generation first pulse before the stipulated time.
9. earth detector according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
The quantity of above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion to the rising edge of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion counts, and exports above-mentioned secondary signal when this quantity reaches stated number.
10. earth detector according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion counts when the pulsewidth of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion is more than Rack, exports above-mentioned secondary signal when its quantity reaches stated number.
11. earth detectors according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
The quantity of above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion to the negative edge of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion counts, and exports above-mentioned secondary signal when this quantity reaches stated number.
12. earth detectors according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion stopped the counting of the second pulse from counting the first pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion before the stipulated time.
13. earth detectors according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part possesses count value changing unit, and this count value changing unit, when the pulse output width based on the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion is more than Rack, changes the count value counted to get by above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion.
14. earth detectors according to claim 13, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse export width be from the output sart point in time of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion to end of output time point time wide.
15. earth detectors according to claim 13, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse export width be from the output sart point in time of the first pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion to the output sart point in time with above-mentioned first pulse continuous print second pulse time wide.
16. earth detectors according to claim 13, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse export width be from the end of output time point of the first pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion to the end of output time point with above-mentioned first pulse continuous print second pulse time wide.
17. earth detectors according to claim 13, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse export width be end of output time point from the output sart point in time of the first pulse produced by above-mentioned pulses generation portion to the second pulse time wide.
18. earth detectors according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Also possess pulses generation condition changing unit, this pulses generation condition changing unit, based on the count value counted to get by above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion, changes the Production conditions of the pulse in above-mentioned pulses generation portion.
19. earth detectors according to claim 18, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulses generation condition changing unit changes at least one party in voltage threshold and pulse width threshold, wherein, this voltage threshold uses when judging whether above-mentioned pulses generation portion produces pulse, and this pulse width threshold uses when determining whether that paired pulses counts.
20. earth detectors according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulses generation portion produces the punching of positive lateral vein and minus side pulse, and this positive lateral vein rushes the pulse of the output voltage being positive side based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, and this minus side pulse is the pulse of the output voltage of minus side based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer,
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting portion counts above-mentioned positive lateral vein punching and above-mentioned minus side pulse, at least one party in the quantity of above-mentioned positive lateral vein punching and the quantity of above-mentioned minus side pulse is more than stated number, exports above-mentioned secondary signal.
21. earth detectors according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Also possess signal input part, the input of this signal input part exports indicator signal for the signal making above-mentioned integrated value comparing section export above-mentioned first signal or to make waveform judegment part export above-mentioned secondary signal.
22. earth detectors according to claim 21, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned signal input part inputs above-mentioned signal from non-essential resistance and exports indicator signal.
23. earth detectors according to claim 1, is characterized in that also possessing:
Integration part, it carries out integration to the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer; And
Operation result efferent, it carries out the output corresponding to the operation result of above-mentioned integration part,
Wherein, above-mentioned operation result efferent and above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage portion are by a module composition.
24. earth detectors according to claim 23, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned integration part is used as above-mentioned integral operation portion by above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage portion.
25. earth detectors according to claim 23, is characterized in that,
Compared with above-mentioned integral operation portion, the output voltage of above-mentioned integration part to the above-mentioned zero phase current transformer in longer-term is averaged calculating mean value, carries out integration to this mean value.
26. earth detectors according to claim 23, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned operation result efferent also exports caution signal when the operation result of above-mentioned integration part is greater than the specialized range than the narrow range of following voltage threshold, wherein, this voltage threshold is determining whether to use when exporting above-mentioned first signal by above-mentioned integrated value comparing section.
27. earth detectors according to claim 26, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned operation result efferent, according to the operation result of above-mentioned integration part, changes way of output when exporting above-mentioned caution signal.
28. earth detectors according to claim 23, is characterized in that,
Also possesses operation result storage part, the information of the operation result of the above-mentioned integration part of this operation result storage part store predetermined time quantum.
29. earth detectors according to claim 28, is characterized in that,
Also possesses external terminal portions, the information of operation result of this external terminal portions for exporting above-mentioned operation result storage part and storing.
30. earth detectors according to claim 28, is characterized in that,
Also possess information output part, the information of the operation result that above-mentioned operation result storage part stores is outputted to storage medium by this information output part.
31. earth detectors according to claim 28, is characterized in that,
Also possess information sending part, the information of the operation result that above-mentioned operation result storage part stores is sent to external server by this information sending part.
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