CN103428928B - A kind of device for homogenous heating of large scale metal stock and method - Google Patents
A kind of device for homogenous heating of large scale metal stock and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of device for homogenous heating and method of large scale metal stock, belong to metal material processing technical field.This device is primarily of induction heating mechanism, air cooling mechanism and blank transshipment acitivity composition, and induction heating mechanism is electromagnetic induction heating coil, and electromagnetic induction heating coil is vertical placement; Air cooling mechanism is air-cooled coil, and air-cooled coil is installed on the periphery of electromagnetic induction heating coil, and blank transshipment acitivity is for transporting metal stock.Apparatus and method of the present invention are applicable to the rapid and uniform heating of large-sized metal stock, growing up and alligatoring of crystal grain in heating process can be avoided, prevent from heating later stage blank from forming " resembling foot " and transporting in transfer process can cave in, be conducive to the transhipment of blank, docking and shaping.Can meet large scale metal stock not only needs heating rapidly but also require the requirement of homogeneous temperature to be applicable to the hot forming of metal material, have simultaneously handling safety, compact conformation, stable, be easy to the advantage that automatically controls.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material processing technical field, be related specifically to a kind of device for homogenous heating and method of large scale metal stock.
Background technology
The technology that shapes of metal material mainly contains forging, casting and emerging semi-solid state forming technique, and the homogeneous heating of metal stock is the important step of metal stock heat forming processes.Temperature control is forbidden unevenly with temperature field all to affect greatly follow-up forming process, product structure and properties.So the heating temperature control precision of the heating requirements blank of metal stock is very high, meanwhile, also require that the heating of blank will have certain speed, prevent grain growth and alligatoring in heating process, heating time is unsuitable oversize.Simultaneously in order to meet suitability for industrialized production, the metal stock heated is wanted to shift rapidly and to dock, and reduces temperature drop as far as possible and prevents crystal grain from growing up further.
In order to ensure heating accuracy and the firing rate of metal stock, the mode of heating mainly electromagnetic induction heating of industrial employing, and adopt manipulator to be loaded in mould fast by the metal stock heated to complete post forming.The device of metal blank heating and the research of process aspect many; comprise Beijing Non-Ferrous Metal Research General Academy's semisolid metal blank post bake vertical unit (200820108866) and horizontal type device (200810115679); post bake technique (03115916) in a kind of Semi-solid Metalforming of Shanghai University's application, this patent is studied multi-coil batch (-type) segmentation induction heating technology and protects.But the size of the heating blank that above-mentioned patent is mentioned and weight all less, especially for semi-solid-state shaping, the weight of blank is generally no more than 5Kg.In fact large scale metal stock homogeneous heating control to blank structure stability and industrialization continuous seepage efficiency extremely important, large scale metal stock control difficulty of heating accuracy in heating process is large, inside and outside, the upper and lower temperature difference of blank is uneven, blank surface heating is uneven, easy stream soup, the heating later stage easily produces " resembling foot " phenomenon simultaneously, brings problems to the transhipment of follow-up blank, docking and forming process.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of device for homogenous heating of large scale metal stock, the present invention is by a large amount of early-stage Study, design is optimized to induction heater structure, air-cooled structure and heating process, achieve and heat the Quick uniform of large scale metal stock, effect is fairly obvious.The device rate of heat addition of the present invention is fast, can ensure to be heated that large scale metal stock internal-external temperature difference is little, uniform temperature fields, temperature control accurate, and transfer and the following process of metal stock are shaped to dock and facilitate.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following design:
A device for homogenous heating for large scale metal stock, this device is primarily of induction heating mechanism, air cooling mechanism and blank transshipment acitivity composition, and induction heating mechanism is electromagnetic induction heating coil, and electromagnetic induction heating coil is vertical placement; Air cooling mechanism is air-cooled coil, and air-cooled coil is installed on the periphery of electromagnetic induction heating coil, and blank transshipment acitivity is for transporting metal stock.
Described blank transshipment acitivity is positioned at the below of electromagnetic induction heating coil, mainly comprises pneumatic actuation cylinder, realizes the transhipment of blank by moving up and down.
Described blank transshipment acitivity is made up of cylinder, insulating rod, asbestos washer and blank pallets, and connected by insulating rod between cylinder and blank pallets, asbestos washer is positioned on blank pallets.
Described air cooling mechanism is made up of the removable air-cooled coil of radial direction, radial fixing air-cooled coil and the air-cooled coil of axial restraint, and each air-cooled coil controls Preform surface temperature field.Radial removable air-cooled coil is installed on the middle and upper part of electromagnetic induction heating coil, can move up and down, and radial fixing air-cooled coil is installed on the bottom of electromagnetic induction heating coil, and the air-cooled coil of axial restraint is installed on the bottom of electromagnetic induction heating coil.
The power supply of the electromagnetic induction heating coil of this device can select thyristor supply or IGBT power supply or other power supplys, and supply frequency is 200 ~ 1500Hz.The size of electromagnetic induction heating coil determines according to the size of required heating large scale metal stock, and for the load coil of circle, induction coil internal diameter is 1.1 ~ 1.5 times of blank diameter, and the height of induction coil is 1.5 ~ 4 times of blank height.
Fix between air-cooled coil and the air-cooled coil of axial restraint in radial direction and also arrange heating work platform, its effect is for installing and Motionless electromagnetic load coil and the air-cooled coil of axial restraint.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of homogeneous heating method of large scale metal stock, adopts above-mentioned heater to carry out homogeneous heating to large scale metal stock.
A kind of homogeneous heating method of large scale metal stock, comprise the steps: metal stock to be placed on to be lined with on the blank pallets of asbestos washer, blank pushes in electromagnetic induction heating coil and heats by blank transshipment acitivity, opens air cooling mechanism while heating; After having heated, blank is shifted out electromagnetic induction heating coil by blank transshipment acitivity, takes out blank, completes the overall process of large scale metal stock heating.
The mode of heating of large scale metal stock adopts Three-section type heating technique: high power rapid heat-up stage, middle power temperature equilibrium stage and low-power homogenizing stage, can according to the adjusted size Three-section type heating technique of blank.
High power rapid heat-up stage heating power is 30 ~ 50KW, heating time 3 ~ 5min; The heating power of middle power temperature equilibrium stage is 10 ~ 15KW, heating time 4 ~ 5min; The heating power in low-power equalized temperature stage is 6 ~ 8KW, heating time 3 ~ 4min.
The subject matter of large scale blank heating is the inhomogeneities of heating, and surface is local flow's soup easily, and easily produce " resembling foot " phenomenon bottom blank, for above-mentioned situation, the present invention adopts the air-cooled coil of 3 cover to carry out air-cooled process to blank.Radial fixing air-cooled coil, mainly for " resembling foot " phenomenon, carries out air-cooled process to the bottom of blank.The air-cooled coil of axial restraint accelerates the air flowing of blank surface, the temperature field of balance blank surface.Radial removable air-cooled coil can carry out air-cooled process to blank surface regional area, and anti-fluid stopping soup phenomenon produces.
Blank transshipment acitivity is completed by cylinder, for preventing the sensed heating of transshipment acitivity cylinder, at cylinder upper end assembling insulating rod, by the transhipment of the blank that moved up and down of cylinder.
The present invention selects electromagnetic induction heating, mode of heating adopts Three-section type heating technique, as shown in Figure 4, comprising: high power rapid heat-up stage, middle power temperature equilibrium stage and low-power homogenizing stage, this mode of heating can make the distribution of the heating and temperaturel field of blank more evenly rationally.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, compare with traditional resistance heating manner, it is high that the present invention has the efficiency of heating surface, and required time is short, avoids grain growth and alligatoring etc. in large scale blank (the diameter range φ 120 ~ 200mm of large scale metal stock, weight range 5 ~ 20kg) heating process.
2, the Three-section type heating technique that the present invention adopts can make the temperature difference inside and outside large scale blank less, and the distribution of blank temperature field is more even, and this is to follow-up transhipment and be shaped very favourable.
3, the present invention utilizes air-cooled coil to carry out air-cooled process to blank surface, and metal stock surface temperature reduces rapidly, avoids blank surface stream soup and " resembling foot " phenomenon in heating process and produces, be applicable to the rapid and uniform heating of large scale blank.
4, the present invention adopts unicoil many power heatings method, does not need complicated mechanical transmission mechanism, simple and compact equipment structure, has handling safety, the advantage such as stable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the present invention's large scale metal stock device for homogenous heating schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the A-A direction schematic diagram of the present invention's large scale metal stock device for homogenous heating schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the present invention's large scale metal stock device for homogenous heating blank heating stage schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the present invention's large scale metal stock Three-section type heating technique.
Main Reference Numerals:
1 radial removable air-cooled coil 2 electromagnetic induction heating coil
3 radial fixing air-cooled coil 4 heating work platforms
5 axial restraint air-cooled coil 6 metal stock
7 asbestos washer 8 blank pallets
9 insulating rod 10 cylinders
Concrete execution mode
Be large scale metal stock device for homogenous heating as Figure 1-3, this device is primarily of induction heating mechanism, blank transshipment acitivity and air cooling mechanism composition.Induction heating mechanism is single electromagnetic induction heating coil 2, and electromagnetic induction heating coil 2 is in vertical placement; Air cooling mechanism is air-cooled coil, and air-cooled coil is installed on the periphery of electromagnetic induction heating coil, and blank transshipment acitivity is for transporting metal stock 6.
Blank transshipment acitivity is positioned at the below of electromagnetic induction heating coil 2, mainly comprises pneumatic actuation cylinder, realizes the transhipment of blank by moving up and down.Blank carrier mechanism is completed by cylinder 10, for preventing the sensed heating of transshipment acitivity cylinder 10, at cylinder 10 upper end assembling insulating rod 9, by the transhipment of the blank that moved up and down of cylinder 10.
Blank transshipment acitivity is specifically made up of cylinder 10, insulating rod 9, asbestos washer 7 and blank pallets 8, is connected between cylinder 10 and blank pallets 8 by insulating rod 9, and asbestos washer 7 is positioned on blank pallets 8.
Air cooling mechanism is made up of the removable air-cooled coil 1 of radial direction, radial fixing air-cooled coil 3 and the air-cooled coil 5 of axial restraint, and each air-cooled coil controls Preform surface temperature field.Radial removable air-cooled coil 1 is installed on the top of electromagnetic induction heating coil 2, can move up and down, and radial fixing air-cooled coil 3 is installed on the middle and lower part of electromagnetic induction heating coil 2, and the air-cooled coil 5 of axial restraint is installed on the bottom of electromagnetic induction heating coil 2.
The subject matter of large scale blank heating is the inhomogeneities of heating, and surface is local flow's soup easily, and easily produce " resembling foot " phenomenon bottom blank, for above-mentioned situation, the present invention adopts the air-cooled coil of 3 cover to carry out air-cooled process to blank.Radial fixing air-cooled coil 3, mainly for " resembling foot " phenomenon, carries out air-cooled process to the bottom of blank.The air-cooled coil 5 of axial restraint accelerates the air flowing of blank surface, the temperature field of balance blank surface.Radial removable air-cooled coil 1 can carry out air-cooled process to blank surface regional area, and anti-fluid stopping soup phenomenon produces.
The power supply of electromagnetic induction heating coil 2 can select thyristor supply or IGBT power supply or other power supplys, and supply frequency is 200 ~ 1500Hz.The size of electromagnetic induction heating coil 2 determines according to the size of required heating large scale metal stock, and for the load coil of circle, induction coil internal diameter is 1.1 ~ 1.5 times of blank diameter, and the height of induction coil is 1.5 ~ 4 times of blank height.
Fix between air-cooled coil 3 and the air-cooled coil 5 of axial restraint in radial direction and also can install heating work platform 4, its effect is: for installing and Motionless electromagnetic load coil 2 and the air-cooled coil 5 of axial restraint.
Said apparatus is adopted to carry out the method for the homogeneous heating of large scale metal stock, comprise: metal stock 6 is placed on and is lined with on the blank pallets 8 of asbestos washer 7, blank pushes in electromagnetic induction heating coil 2 and heats by blank transshipment acitivity, opens air cooling mechanism while heating; After having heated, blank is shifted out electromagnetic induction heating coil 2 by blank transshipment acitivity, takes out blank, completes the overall process of large scale metal stock heating.
The electromagnetic induction heating of large scale metal stock of the present invention selects Three-section type heating technique, as shown in Figure 4, for high power rapid heat-up stage, middle power temperature equilibrium stage and low-power homogenizing stage, can according to the adjusted size Three-section type heating technique of blank, this mode of heating can make the distribution of the heating and temperaturel field of blank more evenly rationally.
High power rapid heat-up stage heating power is 30 ~ 50KW, heating time 3 ~ 5min; The heating power of middle power temperature equilibrium stage is 10 ~ 15KW, heating time 4 ~ 5min; The heating power in low-power equalized temperature stage is 6 ~ 8KW, heating time 3 ~ 4min.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1 be the device for homogenous heating of large scale metal stock, this device is primarily of induction heating mechanism, blank transshipment acitivity and air cooling mechanism three part composition.Induction heating mechanism is made up of single load coil 2, and load coil is vertical placement, and heater coil adopts the square copper pipe coiling of 15 × 15mm to form, and interior logical cooling water, internal coil diameter 280mm, coil height is 380mm.Induction heating power adopts IGBT power supply, supply frequency 1000Hz.
Transshipment acitivity is made up of cylinder 10, insulating rod 9, blank pallets 8 and asbestos washer 7, and blank is placed on and is lined with on the blank pallets 8 of asbestos washer 7, and the mode of moving up and down mainly through cylinder 10 drives.
Air-cooled structure forms primarily of the removable air-cooled coil 1 of radial direction, radial fixing air-cooled coil 3 and the air-cooled coil 5 of axial restraint.Radial fixing air-cooled coil 3, mainly for " resembling foot " phenomenon, carries out air-cooled process to the bottom of blank.The air-cooled coil 5 of axial restraint accelerates the air flowing of blank surface, the temperature field of balance blank surface.Radial removable air-cooled coil 1 can carry out air-cooled process to blank surface regional area, and anti-fluid stopping soup phenomenon produces.
Before starting heating, cylinder 10 is placed in downstream position place, and as shown in Figure 2, be placed on by the A356 aluminum alloy blank of well cutting and be lined with on the blank pallets 8 of asbestos washer 7, A356 aluminum alloy blank is of a size of Φ 200 × 240mm.Transshipment acitivity cylinder 10 goes upward to heating location, is pushed in load coil 2 by A356 aluminum alloy blank and heats, as shown in Figure 3.Now adopt the Three-section type heating technique of Fig. 4 to heat blank, high power rapid heat-up stage heating power is 30 ~ 40KW, heating time 3 ~ 5min; 3 groups of air-cooled coils of air cooling mechanism are opened while heating; The heating power of middle power temperature equilibrium stage is 10 ~ 12KW, heating time 4 ~ 5min; The heating power in low-power equalized temperature stage is 6 ~ 8KW, heating time 3min.In Fig. 4, I is high power rapid heat-up stage, and II is middle power temperature equilibrium stage, and III is the low-power homogenizing stage, and curve 1 is blank central temperature curve, and curve 2 is blank 1/2 radius temperature curve.
After phase III homogenizing has heated, by descending from upward position for transshipment acitivity cylinder 10, take out A356 alloy blank, complete the overall process of large scale metal stock heating.The final temperature of blank reaches 580 DEG C, and the temperature difference of central temperature and 1/2 radius is 2 DEG C, and temperature field is comparatively even, can realize heating and the post forming of large scale A356 aluminum alloy blank.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1 be the device for homogenous heating of large scale metal stock, this device is primarily of induction heating mechanism, blank transshipment acitivity and air cooling mechanism three part composition.Induction heating mechanism is made up of single load coil 2, and load coil is vertical placement, and heater coil adopts the square copper pipe coiling of 15 × 15mm to form, and interior logical cooling water, internal coil diameter 350mm, coil height is 400mm.Induction heating power adopts thyristor supply, supply frequency 1000Hz.
Transshipment acitivity is made up of cylinder 10, insulating rod 9, blank pallets 8 and asbestos washer 7, and blank is placed on and is lined with on the blank pallets 8 of asbestos washer 7, and the mode of moving up and down mainly through cylinder 10 drives.
Air-cooled structure forms primarily of the removable air-cooled coil 1 of radial direction, radial fixing air-cooled coil 3 and the air-cooled coil 5 of axial restraint.Radial fixing air-cooled coil 3, mainly for " resembling foot " phenomenon, carries out air-cooled process to the bottom of blank.The air-cooled coil 5 of axial restraint accelerates the air flowing of blank surface, the temperature field of balance blank surface.Radial removable air-cooled coil 1 can carry out air-cooled process to blank surface regional area, and anti-fluid stopping soup phenomenon produces.
Before starting heating, cylinder 10 is placed in downstream position place, and as shown in Figure 2, be placed on by 6061 aluminum alloy blanks of well cutting and be lined with on the blank pallets 8 of asbestos washer 7,6061 aluminum alloy blanks are of a size of Φ 250 × 300mm.Transshipment acitivity cylinder 10 goes upward to heating location, is pushed in load coil 2 by 6061 aluminum alloy blanks and heats, as shown in Figure 3.Now adopt the Three-section type heating technique of Fig. 4 to heat blank, high power rapid heat-up stage heating power is 35 ~ 45KW, heating time 3 ~ 5min; Open 3 groups of air-cooled coils of air cooling mechanism while heating, the heating power of middle power temperature equilibrium stage is 12 ~ 14KW, heating time 4 ~ 5min; The heating power in low-power equalized temperature stage is 6 ~ 8KW, heating time 3 ~ 4min.
After phase III homogenizing has heated, by descending from upward position for transshipment acitivity cylinder 10, take out 6061 alloy blanks, complete the overall process of large scale metal stock heating.The final temperature of 6061 blanks reaches 540 DEG C, and the temperature difference of central temperature and 1/2 radius is 3 DEG C, and temperature field is comparatively even, can realize the homogeneous heating of large scale 6061 aluminum alloy blank and follow-up forging and molding.
Apparatus of the present invention are the Quick uniform heating device of large scale metal stock, and single load coil is vertical placement, and the size of coil carries out design processing according to billet size.Blank transshipment acitivity can have been come and gone by cylinder.The mode of heating of blank adopts the Three-section type heating method of high power Fast Heating, middle power temperature balance and low-power homogenizing, is controlled, reach the object of rapid and uniform heating large scale metal stock by 3 groups of air-cooled coil temperature fields to blank surface.
Apparatus of the present invention and method are applicable to the rapid and uniform heating of large-sized metal stock, growing up and alligatoring of crystal grain in heating process can be avoided, prevent from heating later stage blank from forming " resembling foot " and transporting in transfer process can cave in, be conducive to the transhipment of blank, docking and shaping.Can meet large scale metal stock not only needs heating rapidly but also require the requirement of homogeneous temperature to be applicable to the hot forming of metal material, have simultaneously handling safety, compact conformation, stable, be easy to the advantage that automatically controls.
Claims (9)
1. a device for homogenous heating for large scale metal stock, is characterized in that: primarily of induction heating mechanism, air cooling mechanism and blank transshipment acitivity composition, induction heating mechanism is electromagnetic induction heating coil, and electromagnetic induction heating coil is vertical placement; Air cooling mechanism is made up of the removable air-cooled coil of radial direction, radial fixing air-cooled coil and the air-cooled coil of axial restraint, and air-cooled coil is installed on the periphery of electromagnetic induction heating coil, and blank transshipment acitivity is for transporting metal stock.
2. the device for homogenous heating of large scale metal stock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described blank transshipment acitivity is made up of cylinder, insulating rod, asbestos washer and blank pallets, connected by insulating rod between cylinder and blank pallets, asbestos washer is positioned on blank pallets.
3. the device for homogenous heating of large scale metal stock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the removable air-cooled coil of described radial direction is installed on the middle and upper part of electromagnetic induction heating coil, can move up and down, described radial direction fixes the bottom that air-cooled coil is installed on electromagnetic induction heating coil, and the air-cooled coil of described axial restraint is installed on the bottom of electromagnetic induction heating coil.
4. the device for homogenous heating of large scale metal stock according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the power supply of described electromagnetic induction heating coil is thyristor supply or IGBT power supply, and supply frequency is 200 ~ 1500Hz.
5. the device for homogenous heating of large scale metal stock according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described electromagnetic induction heating coil is for circular, the internal diameter of described electromagnetic induction heating coil is 1.1 ~ 1.5 times of blank diameter, is highly 1.5 ~ 4 times of blank height.
6. the device for homogenous heating of large scale metal stock according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described radial direction is fixed between air-cooled coil and the air-cooled coil of axial restraint and also arranged heating work platform.
7. the homogeneous heating method of a large scale metal stock, comprise the steps: metal stock to be placed on to be lined with on the blank pallets of asbestos washer, blank pushes in electromagnetic induction heating coil and heats by blank transshipment acitivity, opens air cooling mechanism while heating; After having heated, blank is shifted out electromagnetic induction heating coil by blank transshipment acitivity, takes out blank.
8. the homogeneous heating method of large scale metal stock according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the mode that blank heats in electromagnetic induction heating coil is Three-section type heating technique, comprise high power rapid heat-up stage, middle power temperature equilibrium stage and low-power homogenizing stage.
9. the homogeneous heating method of large scale metal stock according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described high power rapid heat-up stage heating power is 30 ~ 50KW, heating time 3 ~ 5min; The heating power of described middle power temperature equilibrium stage is 10 ~ 15KW, heating time 4 ~ 5min; The heating power in described low-power equalized temperature stage is 6 ~ 8KW, heating time 3min.
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| CN108141926A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2018-06-08 | 康讯公司 | It is preheated for the large-scale blank electric induction of heat processing technique |
| CN109275216B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2021-01-26 | 燕山大学 | Induction heating device and heating method |
| CN109688651A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-26 | 东营源纳合金科技有限公司 | A kind of irregular alloy blank heating device and its heating means |
| CN111004896A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-04-14 | 浙江尚鼎工业炉有限公司 | High-efficient cooling industrial furnace |
| CN114082872A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-02-25 | 贵州航天精工制造有限公司 | TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread roll forming method |
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| CN201225820Y (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2009-04-22 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Vertical apparatus for secondarily heating semi-solid-state metal blank |
| CN201323670Y (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2009-10-07 | 上海联净环保科技有限公司 | Air-cooling type electromagnetic induction heating coil and heating device |
| CN203136221U (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-08-14 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Uniform heating device for large metal blank |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201225820Y (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2009-04-22 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Vertical apparatus for secondarily heating semi-solid-state metal blank |
| CN201323670Y (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2009-10-07 | 上海联净环保科技有限公司 | Air-cooling type electromagnetic induction heating coil and heating device |
| CN203136221U (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-08-14 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Uniform heating device for large metal blank |
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