CN103428726B - Antenna angle optimization method and system - Google Patents

Antenna angle optimization method and system Download PDF

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CN103428726B
CN103428726B CN201210148869.1A CN201210148869A CN103428726B CN 103428726 B CN103428726 B CN 103428726B CN 201210148869 A CN201210148869 A CN 201210148869A CN 103428726 B CN103428726 B CN 103428726B
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angle
antenna
reasonable
declination
clustering
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CN103428726A (en
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于卓奇
齐岩
徐洋
包海涛
薛锐
姜红英
王凤勇
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China Mobile Group Heilongjiang Co Ltd
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China Mobile Group Heilongjiang Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses an antenna angle optimization method and system. The antenna angle optimization method comprises the steps of acquiring measurement reports and analyzing the measurement reports to obtain sample points, and using the sample points of the same antenna as a cluster group of an antenna; calculating a reasonable direction angle and a reasonable downward inclination angle of the antenna according to the cluster group of the antenna; optimizing a direction angle and a downward inclination angle of the antenna according to the reasonable direction angle and the reasonable downward inclination angle. The antenna angle optimization method and system utilizes measurement reports of a terminal and a base station, calculates the reasonable direction angle and the reasonable downward inclination angle of the antenna according to the sample points of the same antenna in the measurement reports, utilizes the reasonable direction angle and the reasonable downward inclination angle to optimize the direction angle and the downward inclination angle of the antenna, can rapidly, timely and accurately optimize and adjust antenna angles, is high in efficiency, does not depend on work experience of maintainers and can remotely perform antenna optimization without field route measurement.

Description

A kind of antenna angle optimization method and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless technical field, more particularly, to a kind of antenna angle optimization method and system.
Background technology
The azimuth of antenna in cell, angle of declination are important engineering parameters in mobile communications network, the reasonability of its setting Substantially determine the coverage effect of whole network of throwing the net.With the change of the engineering construction of mobile communications network, wireless environment, operator Need to optimize and revise in time azimuth, the angle of declination of antenna in cell, to ensure the requirement of the whole network coverage and quality.
At present in td-scdma network, the method optimizing and revising antenna in cell has two kinds:
1st, road test, carries out road test by dt test software, and analysis finds weak covering, area covered, covers not Rational section, then find out the main serving cell covering this section, according to optimizing personnel's experience, antenna bearingt is carried out to this cell Angle, the optimizing and revising of angle of declination;
2nd, customer complaint, finds weak overlay area in network according to the long-term complaint of user, optimization personnel to scene are carried out Test, finds the cell covering this region, adjusts the antenna azimuth of this cell according to Optimization Experience, angle of declination meets user Complain the covering of position.
In actual production process, above two optimal way there is problems in that
1st, the weak covering of respective road segment is aiming at by drive test optimization antenna or area covered situation adjusts antenna Deflection and angle of declination, the angle of adjustment mostly with the experience of attendant as foundation, along with drive test repeatedly, repeatedly adjust Till meeting covering requirement.In addition, being located in ungetable high mountain or remote districts for portion of base stations, during round trip Between cycle length, efficiency low;Portion of base stations is located in residential block or the position that cannot be open to traffic, and attendant is not easy to carry out live road Survey.
2nd, optimizing antenna by customer complaint is exactly to be complained according to a large number of users to reflect that certain regional signal is weak, by optimizing Personnel on site tests, then the antenna of nearest for weak overlay area cell is adjusted to weak coverage direction, and the angle of adjustment is most According to the experience of attendant, often attend to one thing and lose sight of another.And optimize antenna by customer complaint, problem finds that the cycle is longer, Just make a response after user's perception is deteriorated, have a strong impact on user's perception.
Plus being currently td networking period, in the face of the optimization of a large amount of networking antenna for base station, existing antenna optimization Means cannot ensure ageing and accuracy.
Content of the invention
For solving the low technical problem of aerial angle optimization cycle length, efficiency in prior art, the present invention provides a kind of sky Line angle degree optimization method and system.
One aspect of the present invention, provides a kind of antenna angle optimization method, comprising: collection measurement report;Parsing measurement Report, obtain sample point, using the sample point of the same antenna as this antenna clustering cluster;Clustering cluster according to described antenna calculates The reasonable direction angle of antenna and reasonable angle of declination;According to described reasonable direction angle and reasonable angle of declination to the deflection of antenna and under Inclination angle is optimized.
Another aspect of the present invention, provides a kind of aerial angle to optimize system, comprising: harvester, survey for collection Amount report;Resolver, for parsing measurement report, obtains sample point, using the sample point under the same antenna as this antenna Clustering cluster;Angle calculation device, calculates the reasonable direction angle of antenna and reasonable angle of declination for the clustering cluster according to described antenna; Optimize device, for being optimized to the deflection of antenna and angle of declination according to described reasonable direction angle and reasonable angle of declination.
The antenna angle optimization method of the present invention and system, by using the measurement report of terminal and base station, according to measurement In report, the data of the sample point of the same antenna calculates the reasonable direction angle of antenna and reasonable angle of declination, using the reasonable side obtaining Be optimized to the angle and reasonable angle of declination deflection current to antenna and angle of declination, can quickly, accurately and in time to antenna Angle is optimized adjustment, and efficiency is higher, and does not rely on the working experience of attendant, can remotely antenna be carried out excellent Change, live drive test need not be carried out.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of inventive antenna orientation optimization embodiment of the method;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of inventive antenna orientation optimization system embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of angle calculation device embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of resolver embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
3gpp specification specifies, measurement is a critical function of td-scdma system, and the network equipment (nodeb and ue) should have There is the ability of measurement item specified in measurement 3gpp specification.Metering system includes period measurement and event triggering measurement.Measurement item Including but not limited to international mobile subscriber identity (imsi), measurement sampling time (time stamp), base station number (scell_ Id), Primary Common Control Physical Channel (primary common control physical channel, pccpch) channel Received signal code power, slot interfering signal of time code power, Timing Advance (tadv), antenna angle of arrival (aoa), Block Error Rate, ue Power grade information etc. is (see 3gpp 25.123requirements for support of radio resource Management (tdd), 3gpp 25.225physical layer;Measurements (tdd)).
Wherein, in measurement report the value of tadv from 0 to 1023.875chips, concrete report value is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
reported value measured quantity value unit
timing_advance_0000 timing advance<0.125 chip
timing_advance_0001 0.125<=timing advance<0.25 chip
... ... ...
timing_advance_1023 127.875<=timing advance<128 chip
... ... ...
timing_advance_8189 1023.625<=timing advance<1023.75 chip
timing_advance_8190 1023.75<=timing advance<1023.875 chip
timing_advance_8191 1023.875<=timing advance chip
(from 3gpp specification ts25.2255.1.14, ts25.123v6.11.09.1.2.2.2).
Aoa is distinctive measurement item in td-scdma system, and 3gpp specification specifies, aoa is direction on the basis of positive north, ue Transmission signal reach during nodeb with the angle (clockwise) of positive north.In measurement report, the value of aoa is spent from 0 to 360, Concrete report value is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
reported value measured quantity value unit
aoa_angle_000 0<=aoa_angle<0.5 degree
aoa_angle_001 0.5<=aoa_angle<1 degree
aoa_angle_002 1<=aoa_angle<1.5 degree
... ... ...
aoa_angle_717 358.5<=aoa_angle<359 degree
aoa_angle_718 359<=aoa_angle<359.5 degree
aoa_angle_719 359.5<=aoa_angle<360 degree
(from 3gpp specification ts25.2255.2.14, ts25.1239.2.1.13.2).
The measurement report of ue is sent to nodeb by uu interface, and the measurement item along with nodeb is uploaded to by iub mouth rnc.
The present invention makes full use of the measurement function of nodeb and ue, by the operation maintenance center of equipment manufacturer (operations&maintenance center, omc) radio network controller (radio network controller, Rnc) upper customization measurement task, is controlled by rnc sending measuring it is desirable to nodeb and ue measurement includes scell_id, imsi, time Stamp, tadv and aoa are in interior measurement item, and periodic report measurement report.
As shown in figure 1, the following step to inventive antenna orientation optimization embodiment of the method is specifically described.
The measurement report of step 102, acquisition terminal and base station;
Measurement report includes following measurement data: includes scell_id, ue imsi, tadv and aoa.
Step 104, parse measurement report, obtain sample point, using the sample point of the same antenna as this antenna clustering cluster;
Specifically, after collecting original measurement data reporting, the report value of measurement item needed for extracting first, to record one by one Mode measurement in a closed series data, according to shown in table 3 form storage.Tadv and aoa in recording every again reports in measurement Numerical value (hereinafter referred to as report value) in announcement is converted to actual measured value according to the span of report value in 3gpp specification;
According to the relation (as table 1, table 2) of report value in 3gpp specification and actual measured value, the present invention adopts report value etc. In the corresponded manner of the upper limit of actual measured value, report value is converted into actual measured value.For example: the report value of tadv Timing_advance_0000=0.125chips, and 1 chip theoretical: 300,000,000/1,280,000= 234.375 rice, so timing_advance_0000=29 rice;The report value aoa_angle_002=1.5 degree of aoa.Parsing Measurement data afterwards and storage format are as shown in table 3 below:
Table 3
Preferably, also the data of the above-mentioned table 3 obtaining is smoothed.Because measure the cycle is Millisecond, sampling Point is more, in order to avoid sampled point shake and report value report the data difference that disappearance causes, by the measurement data after parsing It is smoothed, delete tadv the and aoa data repeating.Specifically, on the basis of imsi, with the second for time granularity to one second Interior measurement data tadv and aoa average, and so can delete tadv and aoa of a large amount of repetitions.Formed with antenna for base station For the sample point of the clustering cluster of unit, as shown in table 4 below:
Table 4
Step 106, the clustering cluster according to antenna calculates the reasonable direction angle of antenna and reasonable angle of declination.
The sample point application clustering algorithm of the clustering cluster in units of antenna for base station that step 104 is exported is iterated, Calculate the minimum particle of clustering result quality in clustering cluster, being for example calculated k-th particle is that in clustering cluster, clustering result quality is minimum Particle (αk, dk), wherein, αkFor the angle of antenna main lobe horizontal direction and positive north, dkFor antenna main lobe pick-up point and base station away from From;
The reasonable direction angle of antenna and reasonable angle of declination, the reasonable direction of antenna are calculated according to the minimum particle of clustering result quality Angle α=αk;According to dkCalculate reasonable angle of declinationWherein, h hangs height for antenna.
Step 108, is optimized to the deflection of antenna and angle of declination according to reasonable direction angle and reasonable angle of declination;
The most rational for the antenna in cell calculating azimuth, angle of declination (α, θ) and existing network real cell sky lineman are joined (α o, θ o) carries out mathematic interpolation, draws difference (α t, θ t), the angle optimized and revised needed for antenna in cell.
Each cell can be optimized and revised schematic design making form;Set up optimum results to associate with cell scell-_id Coupling, inquires about the prioritization scheme of antenna in cell by cell scell_id.
In above-mentioned steps 106, clustering algorithm includes: k-medoids algorithm, k-means algorithm, clara algorithm and Clarans algorithm etc..Matter individually below, to clustering cluster in step 106 taking k-medoids algorithm and k-means algorithm as a example Point (αk, dk) concrete calculating process illustrate.
1st, k-medoids algorithm
The principle of k-medoids algorithm is: chooses at random a sampled point first as the particle of clustering cluster, choosing repeatedly Other sampled points in clustering cluster are taken to substitute current particle, to improve the quality of cluster.If the sample point substituting becomes new The clustering result quality that cluster class cluster can be reduced after particle so that class cluster is more compact, then selects this sample point as new particle.
This algorithm defines the compactness of a class cluster using absolute error:
e = &sigma; 1 n &sigma;p &element; c n | p - o i | ,
Wherein, e is absolute error for clustering result quality, and n represents the number (n=2) of clustering cluster, and p is the sample point of iteration, cn For the clustering cluster of p ownership, oiIt is clustering cluster cnCurrent particle, i is sample point sum.
If after certain sample point becomes particle, absolute error can be less than the absolute error caused by protoplasm point, then k center Point algorithm thinks that this sample point can replace protoplasm point, when an iteration recalculates clustering cluster particle, we That sample point selecting clustering result quality minimum becomes new particle.
Citing: sample point a > e1=10
Sample point b > e2=11
Sample point c > e3=12
Protoplasm point o > e4=13, we elect a as the new particle of clustering cluster.
If selecting the clustering result quality that other sample points calculate to be all higher than during current particle it is believed that current particle is The particle the compactest of this clustering cluster, calculating terminates.
2nd, k-means algorithm
The principle of k-means algorithm is: first arbitrarily selects k object as initial cluster center from n data object;And For remaining other objects, then the similarity (distance) with these cluster centres according to them, assign these to respectively and Its most like (representated by cluster centre) cluster;Then calculate each again and obtained the new cluster centre clustering (in this cluster The average of all objects);Constantly repeat this process till canonical measure function starts convergence.
This algorithm is generally used as canonical measure using mean square deviation, and concrete formula is as follows:
e = &sigma; 1 k &sigma;p &element; c i | p 2 - m i 2 | ,
Wherein, e is clustering result quality, represent in all clustering cluster each object arrive its affiliated clustering cluster particle difference of two squares and, k generation The number of the clustering object chosen in table clustering cluster, ciRepresent ith cluster cluster, p represents clustering object in class cluster, mi represents The barycenter of i class cluster.
If selecting the clustering result quality that other sample points calculate to be all higher than during current particle it is believed that current particle is The particle the compactest of this clustering cluster, calculating terminates.When the data volume calculating is larger, can using clara algorithm or Clarans algorithm is iterated calculating.
Method of the present invention embodiment, by using the measurement report of terminal and base station, according in measurement report on the same day The data of the sample point of line calculates the reasonable direction angle of antenna and reasonable angle of declination, using the reasonable direction angle obtaining and rationally under The inclination angle deflection current to antenna and angle of declination are optimized.Calculated based on the mathematical algorithm of magnanimity measurement data, science The most rational azimuth of antenna in cell, tilt angled down, can quickly, accurately and in time adjustment is optimized to aerial angle, Efficiency is higher, and does not rely on the working experience of attendant, and can take into account road surface covering and depth covering.Can be long-range Antenna is optimized, live drive test need not be carried out, fundamentally solve for nothing in partly base station far away, residential block The problem that the base station of method drive test is difficult to antenna be measured, adjusts.Network problem can be found prior to client, shorten at problem The reason cycle, lifting user's perception.Substantially reduce td networking period of knowing clearly, networking base station in a large number, the optimization work of antenna in cell Measure, shorten optimization cycle it is ensured that network quality.
Based on same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of aerial angle to optimize system, as shown in Fig. 2 this system is real Apply example to include: harvester 21, resolver 22, angle calculation device 23, optimization device 24.
Wherein, harvester, for the measurement report of acquisition terminal and base station;Resolver, for parsing measurement report, Obtain sample point, using the sample point under the same antenna as this antenna clustering cluster;Angle calculation device, for according to antenna Clustering cluster calculates the reasonable direction angle of antenna and reasonable angle of declination;Optimize device, for have a down dip according to reasonable direction angle with rationally Angle is optimized to the deflection of antenna and angle of declination.
Specifically, angle calculation device, is iterated to the sample point in clustering cluster using clustering algorithm, calculates cluster The minimum particle of clustering result quality in cluster;The reasonable direction angle of antenna is calculated according to the minimum particle of clustering result quality and rationally has a down dip Angle.
As shown in figure 3, angle calculation device includes: particle computing module 31, reasonable direction angle computing module 32 and rationally Angle of declination computing module 33.
Wherein, particle computing module, for being iterated, calculates the cluster matter of sample point to the sample point in clustering cluster Amount;Choose the minimum particle (α of clustering result qualityk, dk), αkFor the angle of antenna main lobe horizontal direction and positive north, dkFor antenna main lobe Pick-up point and the distance of base station;Reasonable direction angle computing module, the reasonable direction angle for calculating antenna is αk;Rationally angle of declination Computing module, for according to dkCalculating reasonable angle of declination isWherein, h hangs height for antenna.
The measurement report collecting includes following measurement data: base station number scell_id, international mobile subscriber identification Code imsi, measurement sampling time, the Timing Advance tadv and antenna angle of arrival aoa of terminal to base station.
As shown in figure 4, resolver includes: modular converter 41 and smoothing module 42.
Wherein, modular converter, is converted to actual measured value for the numerical value in measurement report by tadv and aoa.Smooth Processing module, for, on the basis of imsi, averaging respectively to tadv and aoa in unit interval.
The system embodiment of the present invention, by using the measurement report of terminal and base station, according in measurement report on the same day The data of the sample point of line calculates the reasonable direction angle of antenna and reasonable angle of declination, using the reasonable direction angle obtaining and rationally under The inclination angle deflection current to antenna and angle of declination are optimized.Calculated based on the mathematical algorithm of magnanimity measurement data, science The most rational azimuth of antenna in cell, tilt angled down, can quickly, accurately and in time adjustment is optimized to aerial angle, Efficiency is higher, and does not rely on the working experience of attendant, and can take into account road surface covering and depth covering.Can be long-range Antenna is optimized, live drive test need not be carried out, fundamentally solve for nothing in partly base station far away, residential block The problem that the base station of method drive test is difficult to antenna be measured, adjusts.Network problem can be found prior to client, shorten at problem The reason cycle, lifting user's perception.Substantially reduce td networking period of knowing clearly, networking base station in a large number, the optimization work of antenna in cell Measure, shorten optimization cycle it is ensured that network quality.
It is noted that above example is only in order to illustrate rather than restriction, the present invention is also not limited to above-mentioned Citing,, without departing from the technical scheme of the spirit and scope of the present invention and its improvement, it all should cover the right in the present invention for all In claimed range.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of antenna angle optimization method, described antenna angle optimization method is applied in td-scdma system, and its feature exists In, comprising:
Collection measurement report;
Parsing measurement report, obtain sample point, using the sample point of the same antenna as described antenna clustering cluster;
Clustering cluster according to described antenna calculates the reasonable direction angle of antenna and reasonable angle of declination;
According to described reasonable direction angle and reasonable angle of declination, the deflection of antenna and angle of declination are optimized;
Clustering cluster according to described antenna calculates the reasonable direction angle of antenna and reasonable angle of declination includes:
Using clustering algorithm, the sample point in described clustering cluster is iterated, calculates clustering result quality in described clustering cluster minimum Particle;
The reasonable direction angle of antenna and reasonable angle of declination are calculated according to the minimum particle of described clustering result quality;
The minimum particle of described clustering result quality is k-th particle, the actual survey of antenna angle of arrival aoa and tadv of k-th particle Value is αkAnd dk
The reasonable direction angle of antenna is calculated according to the minimum particle of described clustering result quality and reasonable angle of declination includes:
Described αkReasonable direction angle for described antenna;
According to dkCalculating described reasonable angle of declination isWherein, h hangs height for antenna.
2. antenna angle optimization method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described measurement report includes following survey Amount data:
Base station number scell_id, international mobile subscriber identity imsi, measurement sampling time, the time advance of terminal to base station Amount tadv and antenna angle of arrival aoa.
3. antenna angle optimization method according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that parsing measurement report includes:
Numerical value in measurement report for described aoa and tadv is respectively converted into actual measured value αkAnd dk, wherein, αkFor antenna Main lobe horizontal direction and the angle of positive north, dkFor the distance of antenna main lobe pick-up point and base station, k represents sample point sequence number.
4. antenna angle optimization method according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that parsing measurement report also includes:
On the basis of imsi, tadv and aoa in unit interval is averaged respectively.
5. a kind of aerial angle optimizes system, and described aerial angle optimizes system and is applied in td-scdma system, and its feature exists In, comprising:
Harvester, for gathering measurement report;
Resolver, for parsing measurement report, obtains sample point, and the sample point under the same antenna is poly- as described antenna Class cluster;
Angle calculation device, calculates the reasonable direction angle of antenna and reasonable angle of declination for the clustering cluster according to described antenna;
Optimize device, excellent for being carried out to the deflection of antenna and angle of declination according to described reasonable direction angle and reasonable angle of declination Change;
Described angle calculation device, for being iterated to the sample point in described clustering cluster using clustering algorithm, calculates institute State the minimum particle of clustering result quality in clustering cluster;According to the minimum particle of described clustering result quality calculate antenna reasonable direction angle and Rationally angle of declination;
Described angle calculation device includes:
Particle computing module, for being iterated, calculates the clustering result quality of sample point to the sample point in described clustering cluster;Choose The minimum particle of described clustering result quality is k-th particle, the actual measured value of antenna angle of arrival aoa and tadv of k-th particle For αkAnd dk
Reasonable direction angle computing module, the reasonable direction angle for calculating described antenna is described αk
Rationally angle of declination computing module, for according to dkCalculating described reasonable angle of declination isWherein, h hangs for antenna High.
6. aerial angle according to claim 5 optimizes system it is characterised in that described measurement report includes following survey Amount data:
Base station number scell_id, international mobile subscriber identity imsi, measurement sampling time, the time advance of terminal to base station Amount tadv and antenna angle of arrival aoa.
7. aerial angle according to claim 6 optimizes system it is characterised in that described resolver includes: modulus of conversion Block, is converted to actual measured value α for the numerical value in measurement report by described tadv and aoakAnd dk, wherein, αkFor antenna master Lobe horizontal direction and the angle of positive north, dkFor the distance of antenna main lobe pick-up point and base station, k represents sample point sequence number.
8. aerial angle according to claim 7 optimizes system it is characterised in that described resolver also includes: smooth Processing module, for, on the basis of imsi, averaging respectively to tadv and aoa in unit interval.
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