A kind of metal photovoltaic tile and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of BIPV and photovoltaic building materials field, the metal photovoltaic tile of BIPV building (BIPV) can be widely used in particular to one, it has the multiple using function such as fire prevention, waterproof, shock resistance, roof decorations and photovoltaic generation concurrently, be applied to and newly-builtly build with the photoelectricity of existing building reducing energy consumption, realize the energy-efficient and required electric power of generating power for their own use of building.
Background technology
China has put into effect series of measures and has promoted solar photoelectric building integration system, propose to implement China's solar roof project, the optoelectronic integration demonstrative projects such as solar energy roof, photovoltaic curtain wall are actively pushed forward in big and medium-sized cities, Erecting and improving technical standard, strengthens photoelectricity architecture-integral application power and builds.And solar photoelectric architecture-integral is installed to propose to want emphasis to support, and generating is mainly used in the project solving energy for building.In the main Setup Type of solar photoelectric architecture-integral, include building-material-type, by solar cell with watt, the building materials such as brick, coiled material, glass are combined with each other, and become indivisible building element or construction material.
For realizing the combination of solar-energy photo-voltaic cell and construction material, relevant researcher has attempted crystal silicon solar batteries glass plate to be fixed on the construction materials such as ceramic tile, as patent: non-crystal silicon solar energy PV glass panel bonding is compounded on ceramic tile by CN201020129313.4, forms the roofing decorative tile of tool photovoltaic generation function.But the heavy body of the photovoltaic tile matter of this type is thick, and property is crisp frangible, install complicated, photovoltaic cell utilance is low, not easily uses at skyscraper and light-steel roofing.Take metal photovoltaic tile as the roofing metal finishing watt of representative, because its light weight had, body are thin, the advantage such as various shapes, installation be convenient, be more and more applied to all kinds of building roofing.Along with the raising of photoelectric conversion rate and the reduction of cost of the photovoltaic film battery assemblies such as amorphous silicon, for it provides unlimited development space in the extensive use of building field, particularly can combine with the metal tile of large scale and large gauge, various types of building materials can be processed into, and with building perfect adaptation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of light-weight metal photovoltaic decoration roofing tile being suitable for the tool water-proof function of building roof, combine with photovoltaic flexible thin-film battery assemblies such as amorphous silicons with a kind of light-weight water-proof, fireproof metal base, form one both can keep out wind and rain, the photovoltaic roof tile of photovoltaic generation can be carried out again.
A kind of metal photovoltaic tile, comprise metal tile substrate and photovoltaic decorative layer, described photovoltaic decorative layer is consolidated into an overall structure by binding agent and described metal tile substrate surface, and described metal tile substrate surface is coated with the interfacial agents being improved cohesive force,
Metal photovoltaic tile of the present invention, wherein said metal tile substrate is the Al-Zn coated steel of high corrosion resistant, and its length is 1090mm ~ 1700mm, and width is 380mm ~ 420mm, and thickness is 0.3mm ~ 0.6mm, and weight is 2.3 ~ 3.4kg/m
2.Metal photovoltaic tile substrate is Al-Zn coated steel, and this watt is with the Al-Zn coated steel of high corrosion resistant for base material, through a new generation's innovation metal Roof material that special process is processed into.This metal tile had both had natural, the simple and honest excellent decorate properties of traditional roof clay tile, had again contemporary metal watt light and handy, firm, durable excellent serviceability.It is applicable to the roofworks of various style and each class formation (timber structure, steel construction, xoncrete structure) inclined roof building, is also applicable to the engineerings such as the flat-changed-into-sloping of existing building, old roof renovation and building local decoration.
Metal photovoltaic tile of the present invention, wherein said interfacial agents is following one of several: the emulsion containing polyacrylate type resin, the solution containing polyacrylate type resin, containing polyvinyl alcohol resin, containing the emulsion of polyvinyl alcohol contracting acid resin, the solution containing polyvinyl alcohol contracting acid resin.
Metal photovoltaic tile of the present invention, wherein said binding agent is the fast hard binding agent of flame-proof type polyalcohol, it is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent: organosilicon acrylic fat class emulsion 55 ~ 85%, organic phosphates nitrogen based flame retardant 2.5 ~ 8.5%, crosslinking agent 10 ~ 25%, solvent 2 ~ 15%, wherein, described crosslinking agent is silicone based or acrylics crosslinking agent, and described solvent is alcohols solvent, or ether solvent or lipid solvent.
Metal photovoltaic tile of the present invention, wherein said photovoltaic decorative layer comprises flexible thin-film battery assembly, rete and dope layer from the inside to the outside successively.
Metal photovoltaic tile of the present invention, wherein said flexible thin-film battery assembly is the hull cell adopting deposition of transparent conductive film to prepare in the flexible flexible substrate such as plastics, is amorphous silicon flexible solar hull cell, copper indium potassium selenium thin-film solar cells, cadmium telluride diaphragm solar battery, dye-sensitized cell or organic thin film cells.Flexible thin-film battery assembly is by the fast hard binding agent of flame-proof type polyalcohol and metal substrate concrete mutually.
Metal photovoltaic tile of the present invention, wherein said rete is fluorine-containing TPT polyester film or ethene-TFE copolymer film, and thickness is 250um.
Metal photovoltaic tile of the present invention, wherein said thickness of coating layer is 30 ~ 70um, by have self-cleaning anti-pollution dye function, particle diameter is that nano level organic silicon acrylic coating or fluorocarbon coating apply and form.
Metal photovoltaic tile of the present invention, wherein said flexible thin-film battery assembly is provided with both positive and negative polarity wire, described metal substrate is provided with through hole and outside electrical appliance, and described outside electrical appliance comprises battery component and terminating wire box; Use marine glue as protective layer outside described wire, and be wound around the adhesive tape with waterproof fireproofing function at described protective layer outward; Described wire passes described through hole and adopts closed male and female fast interface to cooperatively interact with the outside electrical appliance on adjacent described metal photovoltaic tile substrate and is connected.
A preparation method for metal photovoltaic tile, comprises the steps:
(1) preparation of metal tile substrate: metal tile substrate cleaning of outer surface is clean, and brush, roller coating interfacial agents;
(2) preparation of photovoltaic decorative layer: nanoscale organic silicon acrylic coating or the fluorocarbon coating flexible thin-film battery assembly front surface coated encapsulated through rete with self-cleaning anti-pollution dye function, and be processed into the size meeting the specification requirement of metal photovoltaic tile substrate;
(3) fire-retardant fast hard polymer adhesive is adopted described flexible thin-film battery component bottom to be bonded to the upper surface of described metal tile substrate;
(4) merge encapsulation: stack gradually according to the order of flexible thin film photovoltaic's battery component, flame-retardant polymer adhesive and metal tile substrate, vacuumize process through roll-in and laminating machine, make each layer assembly close adhesion, form integrative-structure, obtain product.
Compared with prior art, Heterosis is in following two for metal photovoltaic tile of the present invention:
One is the aluminum-zinc alloy metal tile that present invention uses high corrosion resistant, and compare with conventional clay and roof clay tile, this watt possesses following advantage: 1, watt pliability is good, can not break, to shrink or curling; 2, do not burn, when catching fire, can prevent the intensity of a fire from stretching; 3, lightweight, the weight loading that building bears can be minimized; 4, design and construction (one piece of metal tile length is equivalent to seven pieces of potlery tiles) is easy to; 5, absolutely can reclaim rear recycling, can not natural environment be harmful to); 6, the disaster such as bitter cold, sudden and violent inflammation, earthquake, heavy rain, hail, fire can be born; 7, wind resistance power up to 120mph(mile/time); 10, lightweight, high-rise also can safety, is easy to construction; 12, less demanding to fabric structure.
Two is use the flexible thin-film solar photovoltaic cell components such as amorphous silicon in the present invention, one of maximum difference of this assembly and traditional crystal silicon solar energy battery can utilize the material of the light weight such as stainless steel or various polymer softness as substrate exactly, makes it to have softness, the advantage such as frivolous.The more existing crystal silicon solar energy battery of photovoltaic output characteristic of this photovoltaic cell component will be got well; solar energy direct projection not only can be utilized to generate electricity; surround lighting can also be utilized to realize low light level generating; its surface with the sealing of very thin diaphragm to prevent water and oxygen from entering, the generating life-span reach more than 20 years and also manufacturing process relatively simple.The cost of battery component is lower, and the choice of substrate is large, suitable large area suitability for industrialized production.
The advantages such as the light weight that metal tile and flexible thin-film battery assembly both possess by metal photovoltaic tile of the present invention, body are thin, pliable and tough, size flexible, wind resistance is taken off, easy for installation combine, make photovoltaic metal tile possess the multiple using function such as fire prevention, waterproof, shock resistance, roof decorations and photovoltaic generation simultaneously, can be widely used in and newly-builtly to build with the photoelectricity of existing building reducing energy consumption, the energy-efficient and required electric power of generating power for their own use of building can be realized.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, metal photovoltaic tile of the present invention is described further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the metal photovoltaic tile under one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing at the R place of Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, metal photovoltaic tile of the present invention comprises metal tile substrate 1 and photovoltaic decorative layer 6, described photovoltaic decorative layer 6 to be bonded to one structure by binding agent 2 and described metal tile substrate 1 upper surface, described metal photovoltaic tile substrate 1 is the Al-Zn coated steel of high corrosion resistant, its length is 1090mm, width is 380mm, and thickness is 0.3mm, and weight is 2.3kg/m
2.Described metal tile substrate 1 surface is coated with the interfacial agents being improved cohesive force, and described interfacial agents is the emulsion containing polyacrylate type resin.
Described photovoltaic decorative layer 6 comprises flexible thin-film battery assembly 3, rete 4 and dope layer 5 from the inside to the outside successively; Described flexible thin-film battery assembly 3 is the hull cells adopting deposition of transparent conductive film to prepare in the flexible flexible substrate such as plastics, is amorphous silicon flexible solar hull cell; Described rete 4 is fluorine-containing TPT polyester film, and thickness is 250um; Described binding agent 2 is the fast ebonite stick of flame-retardant polymer, it is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent: organosilicon acrylic fat class emulsion 85%, organic phosphates nitrogen based flame retardant 2.5%, crosslinking agent 10%, solvent 2.5%, wherein, described crosslinking agent is silicone based crosslinking agent, and described solvent is alcohols solvent.Described dope layer 5 thickness is 30um, by have self-cleaning anti-pollution dye function, particle diameter is that nano level organic silicon acrylic coating and fluorocarbon coating apply and form.Described flexible thin-film battery assembly 3 is provided with both positive and negative polarity wire, described metal photovoltaic tile substrate 1 is provided with through hole and outside electrical appliance, described outside electrical appliance comprises battery component and terminating wire box; Described wire outer surface marine glue as protective layer, and is wound around the adhesive tape with waterproof fireproofing function outward at described protective layer; Described wire passes described through hole and adopts closed male and female fast interface to cooperatively interact with the outside electrical appliance on adjacent described color steel glazed tiles substrate 1 modelled after an antique and is connected.
Embodiment 2
Described metal photovoltaic tile substrate 1 is the Al-Zn coated steel of high corrosion resistant, and its length is 1700mm, and width is 420mm, and thickness is 0.6mm, and weight is 3.4kg/m
2.Described binding agent 2 is the fast hard binding agent of flame-proof type polyalcohol, it is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent: organosilicon acrylic fat class emulsion 55%, organic phosphates nitrogen based flame retardant 8.5%, crosslinking agent 25%, solvent 11.5%, wherein, described crosslinking agent is acrylics crosslinking agent, and described solvent is ether solvent.Described metal tile substrate 1 surface is coated with the interfacial agents being improved cohesive force, and described interfacial agents is the solution containing polyacrylate type resin.Described flexible thin-film battery assembly 3 is copper indium potassium selenium thin-film solar cells; Described dope layer 5 thickness is 70um, and other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Described metal photovoltaic tile substrate 1 is the Al-Zn coated steel of high corrosion resistant, and its length is 1500mm, and width is 400mm, and thickness is 0.5mm, and weight is 3kg/m
2.Described binding agent 2 is the fast hard binding agent of flame-proof type polyalcohol, it is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent: organosilicon acrylic fat class emulsion 65%, organic phosphates nitrogen based flame retardant 5%, crosslinking agent 15%, solvent 15%, wherein, described crosslinking agent is silicone based crosslinking agent, and described solvent is lipid solvent.Described metal tile substrate 1 surface is coated with the interfacial agents being improved cohesive force, and described interfacial agents is the emulsion (or containing the solution of polyvinyl alcohol resin) containing polyvinyl alcohol resin.Described flexible thin-film battery assembly 3 is cadmium telluride diaphragm solar battery; Described dope layer 5 thickness is 50um, and other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Described metal photovoltaic tile substrate 1 is the Al-Zn coated steel of high corrosion resistant, and its length is 1200mm, and width is 390mm, and thickness is 0.4mm, and weight is 2.5kg/m
2.Described binding agent 2 is the fast hard binding agent of flame-proof type polyalcohol, it is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent: organosilicon acrylic fat class emulsion 70%, organic phosphates nitrogen based flame retardant 8%, crosslinking agent 20%, solvent 2%, wherein, described crosslinking agent is acrylics crosslinking agent, and described solvent is ether solvent.Described metal tile substrate 1 surface is coated with the interfacial agents being improved cohesive force, and described interfacial agents is the emulsion (or containing the solution of polyvinyl alcohol contracting acid resin) containing polyvinyl alcohol contracting acid resin.Described flexible thin-film battery assembly 3 is dye-sensitized cell; Described dope layer 5 thickness is 60um, and other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
A preparation method for metal photovoltaic tile, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of metal tile substrate 1: metal tile cleaning of outer surface is clean, and brush, roller coating interfacial agents;
(2) preparation of photovoltaic decorative layer 6: nanoscale organic silicon acrylic coating or the fluorocarbon coating 5 flexible thin-film battery assembly 3 front surface coated encapsulated through rete 4 with self-cleaning anti-pollution dye function, and be processed into the size meeting the specification requirement of metal photovoltaic tile substrate;
(3) adopt flame-retardant polymer fast ebonite stick 2 by the upper surface of described flexible thin-film battery assembly 3 bottom adhesive to described metal tile substrate 1;
(4) merge encapsulation: stack gradually according to the order of photovoltaic decorative layer 6, the fast ebonite stick 2 of flame-retardant polymer and metal tile substrate 1, vacuumize process through roll-in and laminating machine, make each layer assembly close adhesion, form integrative-structure, obtain product.
Embodiment 6
Install and use and prepare:
(1), before metal photovoltaic tile construction, first check roofing, guarantee that self waterproof of building structure completes, and roof basal plane has completed levelling press polish.
(2) adopt through pitch hot dipping preservative treatment and air-dry after flitch do tile batten, tile batten flitch specification is 50mm × 50mm.
(3) first install tile batten downstream, spacing is 750mm, requires to be connected firmly smooth with roofing (structure).
(4) on counter battens, install horizontal stripe, horizontal stripe spacing (from bottom to up) the first behavior 345mm of tile hanging, be 370mm successively after the second row starts, last column spacing to ridge is not more than 365mm.
(5) metal photovoltaic tile is from eaves to ridge, and from lower to upper, laying construction from left to right, is firmly fixed on horizontal stripe by the surrounding of steel nail by every sheet watt.
(6) when installing metal photovoltaic, left and right overlap should overlap, also want overlapping overlap joint between two ridge tiles, overlap spacing evenly, straight smooth, without rising and falling and seepage place, seam crossing need be closely knit with fluid sealant.Make it to reach the requirement of waterproof, antifreeze, high temperature-proof.
(7) in the process of installing metal tile, wire guide is bored in the position suitable at roofing, and places conduit wherein.Utilize the cavity clearance between metal photovoltaic tile and roofing, lay the contact conductor of the flexible solar photovoltaic film battery components 3 such as amorphous silicon.Contact conductor is penetrated in indoor installation pipe by the conduit arranged by roofing.By the contact conductor introduced in installation pipe within the walls by the mutually corresponding connection of terminal box, then by connection to inverter, change direct current into alternating current, serve electrical network (grid-connected use) finally by the distribution box be arranged in building or be directly supplied to building load electricity consumption.
Above-described embodiment is only be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; under not departing from the present invention and designing the prerequisite of spirit; the various distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical scheme of the present invention and improvement, all should fall in protection range that claims of the present invention determines.