CN103399580B - A kind of solar tracking system of internet of things oriented application - Google Patents
A kind of solar tracking system of internet of things oriented application Download PDFInfo
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- CN103399580B CN103399580B CN201310260808.9A CN201310260808A CN103399580B CN 103399580 B CN103399580 B CN 103399580B CN 201310260808 A CN201310260808 A CN 201310260808A CN 103399580 B CN103399580 B CN 103399580B
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Abstract
A solar tracking system for internet of things oriented application, belongs to mobile communication technology field.Be made up of remote server, Internet of Things member and mechanical system, solar panel and the Circuits System be installed on solar panel be arranged on belongings networking member.Mechanical system makes solar panel rotate at three dimensions; Circuits System servounit system and external sensor plug-and-play feature is provided.Beneficial effect of the present invention makes full use of luminous energy, and the design of the horizontal rotation apparatus of mechanical system and vertical rotary device adopts turbine with auto-lock function and worm structure, and the ability of resisting high wind is strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mobile communication technology field, particularly relate to solar tracking system in Internet of Things application and follow the tracks of the technology of transportation equipment.
Background technology
The high speed development of technology of Internet of things leads people to move towards the wisdom epoch.Along with the various signals of people to physical world, the quickening of information exploration paces, the use amount of various sensor rapidly increases.As a rule, people wish: sensor can work long hours and not need to change battery, the signal of sensor collection can teletransmission not need to given server to artificially collect, can remote control sensor and do not need manual maintenance, dissimilar sensor plug and play and need not be interface disunity and worried, sensor is installed convenient, with low cost etc.
The work of sensor be unable to do without electric energy, and short time work dry cell just can solve sensor power problem.But sensor wants continuous working to reach the several months, the problem that battery is changed in midway will be faced, if be equipped with high capacity cell to sensor, can the wasting of resources be caused again.If want the sensor continuous working several years, so powering will be a more severe problem.Solar panel can solve the powerup issue of sensor, but the simple solar panel efficiency of light energy utilization is low, wants the power consumption demand meeting sensor, and the area of plate just has to increase, and this will cause installs inconvenience, the wasting of resources etc.
At present, solar tracking system on the market mostly bulky, tracking mode adopts light sensor mostly, according to the angle of the numerical value adjustment solar energy tracking device that light sensor gathers, carry out could aiming at the sun after multiple repairing weld repeatedly adjusts, flow process is loaded down with trivial details, capacity usage ratio is low.And function singleness, only has function of supplying power, long-range user cannot obtain the information such as duty, battery electric quantity of solar energy tracking device, more cannot carry out Long-distance Control to it.In addition, in Internet of Things, kind of sensor is various, interface is various, and it is a hard work that system is disposed.
In order to solve the problem, a kind of based on astronomical control algolithm, have data wireless teletransmission, facilitate Long-distance Control, sensor adopts unified interface standard, sensor plug and play, and the solar tracking system in novel internet of things oriented field is imperative.
Summary of the invention
For achieving the above object, the invention provides the solar tracking system of a kind of internet of things oriented application, by remote server, Internet of Things member be arranged on network mechanical system on member and Circuits System of belongings and form.
Mechanical system is by base, support post, rotor, lower bearing, head bearing, horizontal rotation apparatus, vertical rotary device and form to day plate; Support post from bottom to top, is fixed wtih base, the inner ring of lower bearing, the inner ring of gamp tooth, the inner ring of head bearing and upper bracket successively; The upper and lower two ends of rotor are separately fixed on the outer ring of head bearing and lower bearing; Small bevel gear and gamp tooth are at rotor internal gearing, and small bevel gear rotating shaft stretches out rotor with horizontal direction; In small bevel gear rotating shaft, cover has lining, and lining is fixed on the barrel of rotor, and the combination reduction gear ratio of gamp tooth and small bevel gear is 1:2; Lower turbine is fixed on the end points place of the outside small bevel gear rotating shaft of rotor; Lower worm screw is fixed in the rotating shaft of lower stepper motor, and is engaged with lower turbine; Lower stepper motor is fixed on the outside of rotor by lower support; Lower stepper motor drives lower worm screw and lower turbine rotation, makes rotor around support post 360 degree rotation; Upper stepper motor is fixed on the outside on rotor top by upper frame; Upper stepper motor output shaft installs worm screw, and upper worm gear is engaged with upper scroll bar, and upper turbine inner ring is fixed on the middle part of the tilt mount rotating shaft of level; Two tilt mount are separately fixed at the two ends of tilt mount rotating shaft; Be fixed on tilt mount to day plate, to day plate upper surface, solar panel, lithium battery and Circuits System be installed; Upper stepper motor drives upper turbine and upper worm screw to rotate, can make to day plate from the clockwise Rotate Right of surface level.
Circuits System is made up of solar panel, charging module, lithium battery, battery management module, driving stepper motor module, 3-axis acceleration module, terrestrial magnetic field induction module, GPS module, wireless module, memory module and central processing unit; The operation of driving stepper motor module, 3-axis acceleration module, terrestrial magnetic field induction module, GPS module, wireless module, memory module, charging module and battery management module is responsible for by central processing unit.
Solar panel receives sun power, and being converted to electric energy, is the energy source of lithium battery; The electric energy that charging module reception solar panel is changed is lithium cell charging; Battery management module is battery management chip, protection lithium battery, prevents from overcharging, overcurrent and short circuit, detects battery dump energy, estimating system cruising time, for control algolithm provides information; Lithium battery provides electric energy for central processing unit; Driving stepper motor module is used for Driving Stepping Motor, changes the direction to day plate; 3-axis acceleration module for checking the elevation angle to day plate, with driving stepper motor module composition close-loop feedback; GPS module is used for obtaining local longitude and latitude, and for astronomical control algolithm provides raw data, GPS module can communicate with teleprocessing unit; Memory module is used for the various information in storage system operational process; Wireless module is divided into short-distance wireless module and remote-wireless module, the RF transceiver that short-distance wireless module adopts central processing unit to carry, and remote-wireless module adopts 3G module; The iic bus protocol conversion that central processing unit exports by external sensor module is the bus protocol that sensor needs.
Mechanical system makes solar panel rotate at three dimensions; Circuits System servounit system and external sensor plug-and-play feature is provided, external sensor module and central processing unit communication adopt unified IIC interface mode; External sensor is the sensor adopting any communications protocol.
The information of the solar tracking system of belongings networking member can pass to remote server by wireless network.
Internet of Things member also can be arranged to the organizations tructure of the multiple group members under multiple group leader and each group leader, solar tracking system as group leader can manage the group member's solar tracking system being less than 254, and is equipped with remote-wireless module and short-distance wireless module simultaneously; Group member's solar tracking system equipped with short range wireless module; Remote server can pass through remote-wireless module monitors and control the solar tracking system as group leader, can intercourse information and exchange information with the solar tracking system as group leader between the solar tracking system as group member by short-distance wireless module.
External sensor module is made up of interface, sensor processor and sensor, and interface is used for being connected with the sensor adaptable interface on Circuits System mainboard, and interface is a Four wire plug, comprises power lead, ground wire, clock line and data line; The bus protocol of Circuits System is converted to the bus protocol that sensor needs by sensor processor, and sensor can be the sensor following any consensus standard.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, the efficiency of light energy utilization is high, sensor plug and play, be convenient to remote monitoring.Track algorithm adopts astronomical control algolithm, and precision is high, flow process is simple; Different sensors is connected with the Circuits System of solar tracking system with unified interface mode; The full detail of solar tracking system, comprise current operating state, battery dump energy, sensor value etc. can wireless remote transmission to server; Server can tele-control system, also can intercourse information by wireless module between system.Design due to the horizontal rotation apparatus of mechanical system and vertical rotary device adopts turbine with auto-lock function and worm structure, and the ability of resisting high wind is strong.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is circuit system structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is mechanical system structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is communication network figure of the present invention.
In figure: 1. base; 2. upper bracket; 3. support post; 4. rotor; 5. lower bearing; 6. head bearing; 7. descend stepper motor; 8. lower support; 9. lining; 10. descend worm screw; 11. times turbines; 12. small bevel gear rotating shafts; 13. small bevel gears; 14. gamp teeth; Stepper motor on 15.; 16. upper frames; Worm screw on 17.; Turbine on 18.; 19. tilt mount; 20. tilt mount rotating shafts; 21. to day plate; 22 lithium batteries; 23. solar panels; 24. Circuits System.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
A solar tracking system for internet of things oriented application, by remote server, Internet of Things member be arranged on network mechanical system on member and Circuits System of belongings and form.
Mechanical system is by base 1, support post 3, rotor 4, lower bearing 5, head bearing 6, horizontal rotation apparatus, vertical rotary device and 21 to form to day plate; Support post 3 from bottom to top, is fixed wtih base 1, the inner ring of lower bearing 5, the inner ring of gamp tooth 14, the inner ring of head bearing 6 and upper bracket 2 successively; Rotor about 4 two ends are separately fixed on the outer ring of head bearing 6 and lower bearing 5; Small bevel gear 13 and gamp tooth 14 are at rotor 4 internal gearing, and small bevel gear rotating shaft 12 stretches out rotor 4 with horizontal direction; In small bevel gear rotating shaft 12, cover has lining 9, and lining 9 is fixed on the barrel of rotor 4, and gamp tooth 14 is 1:2 with the combination reduction gear ratio of small bevel gear 13; Lower turbine 11 is fixed on the end points place of the outside small bevel gear rotating shaft 12 of rotor 4; Lower worm screw 10 is fixed in the rotating shaft of lower stepper motor 7, and is engaged with lower turbine 11; Lower stepper motor 7 is fixed on the outside of rotor 4 by lower support 8; Lower stepper motor 7 drives lower worm screw 10 and lower turbine 11 to rotate, and makes rotor 4 around support post 3360 degree rotation; Upper stepper motor 15 is fixed on the outside on rotor 4 top by upper frame 16; Upper stepper motor 15 output shaft installs worm screw 17, and upper worm gear 18 is engaged with upper scroll bar 17, and upper turbine 18 inner ring is fixed on the middle part of the tilt mount rotating shaft 20 of level; Two tilt mount 19 are separately fixed at the two ends of tilt mount rotating shaft 20; 21 be fixed on tilt mount 19 to day plate, to day plate 21 upper surface, solar panel 23, lithium battery 22 and Circuits System 24 be installed; Upper stepper motor 15 drives upper turbine 18 and upper worm screw 17 to rotate, can make to day plate 21 from the clockwise Rotate Right of surface level.
Circuits System is made up of solar panel 23, charging module, lithium battery 22, battery management module, driving stepper motor module, 3-axis acceleration module, terrestrial magnetic field induction module, GPS module, wireless module, memory module and central processing unit; The operation of driving stepper motor module, 3-axis acceleration module, terrestrial magnetic field induction module, GPS module, wireless module, memory module, charging module and battery management module is responsible for by central processing unit.
Solar panel 23 receives sun power, is converted to electric energy, is the energy source of lithium battery; The electric energy that charging module reception solar panel 23 is changed is lithium cell charging; Battery management module is battery management chip, protection lithium battery, prevents from overcharging, overcurrent and short circuit, detects battery dump energy, estimating system cruising time, for control algolithm provides information; Lithium battery provides electric energy for central processing unit; Driving stepper motor module is used for Driving Stepping Motor, changes the direction to day plate 21; 3-axis acceleration module for checking the elevation angle to day plate 21, with driving stepper motor module composition close-loop feedback; GPS module is used for obtaining local longitude and latitude, and for astronomical control algolithm provides raw data, GPS module can communicate with teleprocessing unit; Memory module is used for the various information in storage system operational process; Wireless module is divided into short-distance wireless module and remote-wireless module, the RF transceiver that short-distance wireless module adopts central processing unit to carry, and remote-wireless module adopts 3G module; The iic bus protocol conversion that central processing unit exports by external sensor module is the bus protocol that sensor needs.
Mechanical system makes solar panel 23 rotate at three dimensions; Circuits System servounit system and external sensor plug-and-play feature is provided, external sensor module and central processing unit communication adopt unified IIC interface mode; External sensor is the sensor adopting any communications protocol.
External sensor module is made up of interface, sensor processor and sensor, and interface is used for being connected with the sensor adaptable interface on Circuits System mainboard, and interface is a Four wire plug, comprises power lead, ground wire, clock line and data line; The bus protocol of Circuits System is converted to the bus protocol that sensor needs by sensor processor, and sensor can be the sensor following any consensus standard.
Solar panel 23 receives sun power, is converted to electric energy, is the energy source of lithium battery, and selection work voltage is 5V, and rated power is the solar panel of 2W.
Charging module is battery charging chip, is lithium cell charging, selects model to be the battery charging chip of CN3063, and it is the lithium cell charging managing chip with solar cell for supplying power.
Lithium battery 22 stores the electric energy produced by solar panel, and for system provides electric power, use rated voltage 3.7V, capacity is the lithium battery of 1900mAH.
Battery management module is battery management chip, protection lithium battery, prevents from overcharging, overcurrent and short circuit, detects battery dump energy, estimating system cruising time, for control algolithm provides information; The chip selected is the DS2762 produced by Mei Xin semiconductor company.
Driving stepper motor module adopts stepper motor driver chip, for Driving Stepping Motor, changes the direction to day plate 21; That driving chip is selected is L297 and L293DD produced by ST Microelectronics, and the former is used for producing drive singal the latter and amplifies drive singal.
3-axis acceleration module adopts 3-axis acceleration sensor, for checking the direction to day plate 21, with driving stepper motor module composition close-loop feedback; 3-axis acceleration sensor selects MPU6050.
Driving stepper motor module according to 3-axis acceleration module record to day plate 21 direction adjustment stepper motor, and then adjustment is to day plate 21, makes 21 to aim at the sun to day plate.
Terrestrial magnetic field induction module adopts magnetic field sensor, and for checking terrestrial magnetic field, north and south, location, with driving stepper motor module composition close-loop feedback; System only need to make when installing to day plate roughly towards south, system understands auto-initiation initial orientation; Magnetic field sensor adopts HMC5583L.
GPS module adopts GPS module, and use serial ports to communicate with teleprocessing unit, GPS module can obtain longitude and the latitude of system infield, and these two data are that astronomical algorithm calculates sun altitude and azimuthal prerequisite.The pluggable purpose of design of module is cost-saving, because this module only works when first installation; The model of GPS module is APM2.5NEO-6M.
Memory module adopts flash memory cards, for the various information in storage system operational process, as the value etc. of the working condition of date, time, cell panel, battery dump energy, sensor; Select microSD card to be storage medium, it is a kind of superfine little flash memory cards, and what most of mobile phones on the market used at present is exactly this card.
Wireless module is divided near radio module and remote-wireless module; Each solar tracking system is containing near radio module, some conducts " group member " had as " group leader ", like this when multiple solar tracking system is used as one group, can the information of group member be obtained by group leader or control group member, reduce and control difficulty and reduce channel loading; Only do the solar tracking system of group leader just containing remote-wireless module, its effect is as the gateway with server interaction, reduces costs.Short-distance wireless module have employed the RF transceiver of the adaptation 2.4GHzIEEE802.15.4 that CC2430 processor carries; Remote-wireless module adopts 3G module.
The bus protocol of Circuits System is converted to the bus protocol that sensor needs by sensor assembly; Sensor assembly is made up of interface, sensor processor and sensor, interface is used for being connected with the sensor adaptable interface on Circuits System mainboard, IIC agreement is followed in the communication of Circuits System, therefore sensor interface is a Four wire plug, comprises power lead, ground wire, clock line and data line; Iic bus protocol conversion is the bus protocol that sensor needs by sensor processor.All the sensors interface adopts unified standard, plug and play.
Mechanical system makes solar panel 23 rotate at three dimensions; Circuits System servounit system and sensor plug and play is provided.
Workflow of the present invention is as follows:
A) installation system, inserts GPS module, inserts any one sensor assembly.
B) electrifying startup, presses reset key, blinking red lamp.
C) CPU reads the geographical location information of GPS module, and stored in storer, red light extinguishes.
D) powered-down, removes GPS module.
E) re-power, start up system.
F) real time value of CPU base area magnetic field induction module, by driving stepper motor module level of control whirligig, make to day plate aim at Due South to.
H) CPU is according to the real time value of 3-axis acceleration module, controls vertical rotary device by driving stepper motor module, directly over making to aim to day plate to.
I) CPU is according to the numerical value of self real-time clock, calculates current sun altitude and solar azimuth by astronomical algorithm.
J) CPU is by driving stepper motor module level of control and vertical rotary device, makes to aim at the sun to day plate, is lithium cell charging.
K) CPU inquires the function of sensor, and by information stored in storer.
L) value of CPU polling sensor, and by information stored in storer.
If m) server asks for the value of sensor in each " group member " to " group leader ", then the value of collection by short-distance wireless module and group member alternately, is stored into this locality, then sends to server by remote-wireless module by group leader.
If n) server sends control command, the remote-wireless module in " group leader " first takes orders, and then analyzes order, the order of server is converted to the order of control " group member " and sends, to reach control object.
Mainboard central processing unit CC2430 parameter configuration is as follows:
8051 microcontroller core of high-performance, low-power consumption;
Adapt to the RF transceiver of 2.4GHzIEEE802.15.4;
High receiving sensitivity and interference free performance;
32/64/128KB flash memory;
8KB/sRAM, possesses the data holding ability under various power supply mode;
Powerful DMA function;
Only need few outward element;
Only need a crystal, networking needs can be met; Current drain little (when microcontroller core operates in 32MHz, Rx is 27mA, Tx is 25mA);
Under power-down mode, current drain only has 0.9uA, external interrupt or real time clock (RTC) energy waken system;
Under hang-up mode, current drain is less than 0.6uA, external interrupt energy waken system;
The Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA/CA) that hardware supported avoids conflict;
Supply voltage wide ranges (2.0 ~ 3.6V);
Support digitized received signal strength indicator device/link-quality instruction (RSSI/LQI);
Battery monitor and temperature sensor;
There are 8 tunnel inputs, 8 ~ 14 ADC;
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) coprocessor;
The USART of 2 multiple serial communication protocols of support;
House dog;
1 IEEE802.5.4 medium plan (MAC) timer;
1 general 16 and 28 bit timing device;
Support hardware is debugged;
21 general purpose I/O pins, wherein 2 have current absorption or the electric current supply ability of 20mA;
There is provided powerful, developing instrument flexibly;
Small size QLP48 encapsulates, 7mm × 7mm.
Claims (3)
1. a solar tracking system for internet of things oriented application, by remote server, Internet of Things member be arranged on network mechanical system on member and Circuits System of belongings and form; It is characterized in that:
Mechanical system is by base (1), support post (3), rotor (4), lower bearing (5), head bearing (6), horizontal rotation apparatus, vertical rotary device and form to day plate (21); Support post (3) from bottom to top, is fixed wtih base (1), the inner ring of lower bearing (5), the inner ring of gamp tooth (14), the inner ring of head bearing (6) and upper bracket (2) successively; Rotor (4) is separately fixed on the outer ring of head bearing (6) and lower bearing (5) in two ends up and down; Small bevel gear (13) and gamp tooth (14) are at rotor (4) internal gearing, and small bevel gear rotating shaft (12) stretches out rotor (4) with horizontal direction; The upper cover of small bevel gear rotating shaft (12) has lining (9), and lining (9) is fixed on the barrel of rotor (4), and gamp tooth (14) is 1:2 with the combination reduction gear ratio of small bevel gear (13); Lower worm gear (11) is fixed on the end points place in outside small bevel gear rotating shaft (12) of rotor (4); Lower worm screw (10) is fixed in the rotating shaft of lower stepper motor (7), and is engaged with lower worm gear (11); Lower stepper motor (7) is fixed on the outside of rotor (4) by lower support (8); Lower stepper motor (7) drives lower worm screw (10) and lower worm gear (11) to rotate, and makes rotor (4) around support post (3) 360 degree rotation; Upper stepper motor (15) is fixed on the outside on rotor (4) top by upper frame (16); Upper stepper motor (15) output shaft is installed worm screw (17), upper worm gear (18) is engaged with upper worm screw (17), and upper worm gear (18) inner ring is fixed on the middle part of the tilt mount rotating shaft (20) of level; Two tilt mount (19) are separately fixed at the two ends of tilt mount rotating shaft (20); To being fixed on day plate (21) on tilt mount (19), to day plate (21) upper surface, solar panel (23), lithium battery (22) and Circuits System (24) are installed; In upper stepper motor (15) drive, worm gear (18) and upper worm screw (17) rotate, and make to day plate (21) from the clockwise Rotate Right of surface level;
Circuits System is made up of solar panel (23), charging module, lithium battery (22), battery management module, driving stepper motor module, 3-axis acceleration module, terrestrial magnetic field induction module, GPS module, wireless module, memory module and central processing unit; The operation of driving stepper motor module, 3-axis acceleration module, terrestrial magnetic field induction module, GPS module, wireless module, memory module, charging module and battery management module is responsible for by central processing unit;
Solar panel (23) receives sun power, and being converted to electric energy, is the energy source of lithium battery; The electric energy that charging module reception solar panel (23) is changed is lithium cell charging; Battery management module is battery management chip, protection lithium battery, prevents from overcharging, overcurrent and short circuit, detects battery dump energy, estimating system cruising time, for control algolithm provides information; Lithium battery provides electric energy for central processing unit; Driving stepper motor module is used for Driving Stepping Motor, changes the direction to day plate (21); 3-axis acceleration module is used for checking the elevation angle to day plate (21), with driving stepper motor module composition close-loop feedback; GPS module is used for obtaining local longitude and latitude, and for astronomical control algolithm provides raw data, GPS module communicates with teleprocessing unit; Memory module is used for the various information in storage system operational process; Wireless module is divided into short-distance wireless module and remote-wireless module, the RF transceiver that short-distance wireless module adopts central processing unit to carry, and remote-wireless module adopts 3G module; The iic bus protocol conversion that central processing unit exports by external sensor module is the bus protocol that sensor needs;
Mechanical system makes solar panel (23) rotate at three dimensions; Circuits System servounit system and external sensor plug-and-play feature is provided, external sensor module and central processing unit communication adopt unified IIC interface mode; External sensor is the sensor adopting any communications protocol;
The information of the solar tracking system of belongings networking member can pass to remote server by wireless network.
2. the solar tracking system of internet of things oriented application according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, external sensor module is made up of interface, sensor processor and sensor, interface is used for being connected with the sensor adaptable interface on Circuits System mainboard, interface is a Four wire plug, comprises power lead, ground wire, clock line and data line; The bus protocol of Circuits System is converted to the bus protocol that sensor needs by sensor processor, and sensor is the sensor following any consensus standard.
3. the solar tracking system of internet of things oriented application according to claim 1, it is characterized in that Internet of Things member is arranged to the organizations tructure of the multiple group members under multiple group leader and each group leader, solar tracking system management as group leader is less than group member's solar tracking system of 254, and is equipped with remote-wireless module and short-distance wireless module simultaneously; Group member's solar tracking system equipped with short range wireless module; Remote server can control as the solar tracking system of group leader by remote-wireless module monitors, intercourses information and exchange information with the solar tracking system as group leader between the solar tracking system as group member by short-distance wireless module.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105974944B (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2018-08-14 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | A kind of large construction cluster formula solar panels tracks sunlight robot control system(RCS) and its working method |
| CN110286697A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-09-27 | 沈阳信元瑞科技有限公司 | Double dimension solar tracking solar energy equipments |
| CN113110231B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-08-26 | 深圳市中装建设集团股份有限公司 | Building energy monitoring control system |
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