CN103389436A - Switch insulation monitoring method and switch insulation monitoring system for direct-current power supply system - Google Patents
Switch insulation monitoring method and switch insulation monitoring system for direct-current power supply system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a switch insulation monitoring method and a switch insulation monitoring system for a direct-current power supply system. The method comprises the steps that during a period that earth current on an anode/cathode circuit of a bus changes due to the fact that a detector switching circuit is alternately opened and closed, three earth voltage sampling values of the anode/cathode circuit of the bus are sampled at intervals at the first time; a voltage value after an anode/cathode is earthed and stabilized is predicted based on the three sampled earth voltage sampling values; an equivalent earth insulation resistance value on an anode/cathode power supply circuit is correspondingly confirmed based on the predicted voltage value; and whether the anode/cathode power supply circuit has an earth insulation fault is correspondingly confirmed according to comparison between the confirmed equivalent earth insulation resistance value and a preset threshold. According to the method and the system, earth voltage after the anode/cathode circuit is stabilized is predicted quickly during the period that the earth current changes, so that a circuit with the earth insulation fault in the anode/cathode circuit of the bus of the direct-current system can be monitored in real time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring method of DC power-supply system, particularly relate to a kind of switching type insulated monitoring method and system of DC power-supply system.
Background technology
DC power-supply system (HVDC system) is as the novel power supply of modern internet data center (IDC) communications equipment room, charging system of electric powercar, a huge multiple-limb supply network, employing be suspend, non-security DC voltage (being generally 240V or 336V).In application process, the insulation fault that has potential safety hazard most is single-point grounding or one pole insulation decline fault.Single-point grounding or one pole insulation descend and sometimes can not affect the normal operation of HVDC system, has disguise, if but can not find rapidly earth fault and be repaired, just may cause the personal safety accident to the user, in case generation pole ground fault, just will cause HVDC system power supply fault, the continuity of the whole electric power system of impact.
Therefore, present HVDC system is equipped with the type insulation monitoring system of insulation fault usually, in order accurately to identify more comprehensively the insulation against ground resistance of any ratio of HVDC system busbar both positive and negative polarity, be respectively equipped with in described type insulation monitoring system with the HVDC system in positive pole and the negative pole insulation monitoring and warning device over the ground of bus, described insulation monitoring and warning device alternately opens and closes and monitors positive pole/negative pole insulation resistance over the ground according to wherein detector switch, then according to measured insulation against ground resistance, determines whether have the insulation against ground potential safety hazard on the positive pole of bus/negative pole circuit.
Yet, because the both positive and negative polarity equivalent capacity over the ground of the bus in DC power-supply system may be very large, therefore, when the detector switch circuit alternately opens and closes at every turn, the voltage-to-ground of the negative or positive electrode circuit of bus, in fact be exactly the bus negative or positive electrode charge or discharge voltage of equivalent capacity over the ground, need certain hour finally to stablize.According to test, the 30 seconds at most above-mentioned time that discharges and recharges, even more than 1 minute.It is accurate that present type insulation monitoring system will be monitored, need to be after each detector switch opens and closes voltage stabilization the insulation against ground resistance on the measuring and calculation circuit again, this has hindered the monitoring efficiency of type insulation monitoring system, simultaneously, can not in time find the potential safety hazard over the ground on circuit.Therefore, need to improve existing type insulation monitoring system.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of switching type insulated monitoring method and system of DC power-supply system, is used for solving prior art monitoring insulation hidden danger problem not in time.
reach for achieving the above object other relevant purposes, the invention provides a kind of switching type insulated monitoring method of DC power-supply system, wherein, described DC power-supply system comprises bus, be respectively equipped with the circuit of detector switch over the ground that alternately opens and closes on the both positive and negative polarity of described bus, described monitoring method comprises at least: 1) during the curent change over the ground on the positive pole that is is alternately opened and closed caused bus by described detector switch circuit/negative pole circuit, three voltage sample values with the positive pole of the described bus of very first time interval sampling/negative pole line-to-ground, and the magnitude of voltage after stablizing over the ground based on three described positive pole/negative poles of voltage-to-ground sampled value prediction of sampling, 2) the corresponding equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of determining in described positive pole/negative pole supply line of magnitude of voltage after stable over the ground based on positive pole/negative pole of predicting, and according to the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value in determined positive pole/negative pole supply line and predetermined threshold value, relatively come, in corresponding definite positive pole/negative pole supply line, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged.
Preferably, described step 1) also comprises: during curent change over the ground, based on sample successively positive pole/negative pole three groups of voltage sample values over the ground of described bus of default very first time interval, wherein, comprise with the sampling of second time interval and the identical a plurality of voltage sample values of quantity in every group of voltage sample value; Choose respectively three voltage sample values that are spaced apart described very first time interval from every group of voltage sample value, and according to a magnitude of voltage after over the ground stable of selected three described positive pole/negative poles of voltage sample value prediction, repeat this step, to dope a plurality of magnitudes of voltage after stablizing over the ground; A plurality of voltage-to-ground values of predicting are carried out filtration treatment, to obtain described positive pole/negative pole final magnitude of voltage over the ground.
Preferably, described step 1) comprises: utilize formula
Predict the magnitude of voltage after described positive pole/negative pole is stablized over the ground, wherein, Ue is the voltage-to-ground value after stablizing of prediction, U'
1, U'
2, U'
3Be followed successively by the voltage-to-ground sampled value with very first time interval.
Preferably, the mode that magnitude of voltage after stable over the ground with predict many groups in described step 1) carries out filtration treatment comprises: rejects obvious abnormal magnitude of voltage in resulting a plurality of magnitudes of voltage, again remaining a plurality of magnitudes of voltage are averaged calculating, with obtain predicting stable over the ground after magnitude of voltage.
Preferably, in execution step 2) before, described method also comprises: the magnitude of voltage after 3) stable over the ground according to the positive pole of predicting and negative pole is determined corresponding line-to-ground whether short circuit or open circuit.
Preferably, if determine in described step 3) in anodal and negative pole circuit that one is shorted to earth, described step 2) also comprise: based on the voltage-to-ground on the circuit of the not short circuit over the ground of predicting, determine equivalent insulation against ground resistance value on respective lines, according to the circuit that relatively carrys out to determine described not short circuit of the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of calculating and described threshold value, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged again, and the circuit of definite shorted to earth is the insulation against ground fault.
Preferably, if determine in described step 3) in anodal and negative pole circuit that at least one is for opening a way over the ground, described step 2) also comprise: determine equivalent insulation against ground resistance value on respective lines based on the voltage-to-ground on the circuit of not opening a way over the ground of predicting, then according to the described circuit of not opening a way that relatively comes to determine of the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of calculating and described threshold value, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a kind of switching type type insulation monitoring system of DC power-supply system, wherein, described DC power-supply system comprises bus, and described type insulation monitoring system comprises at least: be separately positioned on the both positive and negative polarity of described bus and the circuit of detector switch over the ground that alternately opens and closes; Prediction module, be used for during the curent change over the ground on the positive pole that is is alternately opened and closed caused bus by described detector switch circuit/negative pole circuit, with three voltage sample values of the positive pole of the described bus of very first time interval quick sampling/negative pole line-to-ground, and the magnitude of voltage after stable over the ground based on three described positive pole/negative poles of voltage-to-ground sampled values prediction of sampling; The insulating monitoring module, be used for the final magnitude of voltage corresponding equivalent insulation against ground resistance value determined described positive pole/negative pole supply line in of positive pole/negative pole of predicting based on described prediction module after stable over the ground, and according to the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value in determined positive pole/negative pole supply line and predetermined threshold value, relatively come, in corresponding definite positive pole/negative pole supply line, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged.
Preferably, described prediction module also comprises: the predicted voltage calculating sub module, be used for during curent change over the ground, based on sample successively positive pole/negative pole three groups of voltage sample values over the ground of described bus of default very first time interval, wherein, comprise with the sampling of second time interval and the identical a plurality of voltage sample values of quantity in every group of voltage sample value; The predicted voltage calculating sub module, be used for choosing respectively from every group of voltage sample value three voltage sample values that are spaced apart described very first time interval, and according to a magnitude of voltage after over the ground stable of selected three described positive pole/negative poles of voltage sample value prediction, repeat described predicted voltage calculating sub module, to dope a plurality of magnitudes of voltage after stablizing over the ground; Predicted voltage is filtered the mould module, is used for each magnitude of voltage of predicting is carried out filtration treatment, to obtain the magnitude of voltage after described positive pole/negative pole is stablized over the ground.
Preferably, described prediction module positive pole/negative pole three the voltage sample values over the ground of described bus of sampling when described detector switch circuit alternately opens and closes, and utilize formula
Predict the magnitude of voltage after described positive pole/negative pole is stablized over the ground, wherein, Ue is the voltage-to-ground value after stablizing of prediction, U'
1, U'
2, U'
3Be followed successively by three voltage-to-ground sampled values with very first time interval.
Preferably, described predicted voltage is filtered the mould module and is used for rejecting obviously abnormal magnitude of voltage of resulting a plurality of magnitude of voltage, more remaining a plurality of magnitudes of voltage are averaged calculating, with obtain predicting stablize over the ground after magnitude of voltage.
Preferably, described type insulation monitoring system also comprises: the judge module between described prediction module and insulating monitoring module is used for magnitude of voltage after stable over the ground according to the positive pole of predicting and negative pole and determines corresponding line-to-ground whether short circuit or open circuit.
Preferably, if in the definite positive pole of described judge module and negative pole circuit, one is shorted to earth, described insulating monitoring module is also for the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of determining based on the voltage-to-ground on the circuit of the not short circuit over the ground of predicting on respective lines, according to the circuit that relatively carrys out to determine described not short circuit of the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of calculating and described threshold value, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged again, and the circuit of definite shorted to earth is the insulation against ground fault.
Preferably, if described judge module determines in anodal and negative pole circuit that at least one is for opening a way over the ground, described insulating monitoring module also is used for determining equivalent insulation against ground resistance value on respective lines based on the voltage-to-ground on the circuit of not opening a way over the ground of predicting, then according to the described circuit of not opening a way that relatively comes to determine of the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of calculating and described threshold value, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged.
As mentioned above, switching type insulated monitoring method and the system of DC power-supply system of the present invention, has following beneficial effect: by fast prediction during curent change over the ground, go out the voltage-to-ground of both positive and negative polarity circuit after stable, effectively saved and waited for the time of current stabilization over the ground, insulation against ground situation in the both positive and negative polarity circuit of the bus of supervision straight-flow system that can be real-time, in time find the circuit of insulation against ground fault; In addition, sampling to organize three voltage-to-ground sampled values during curent change over the ground more, and utilize and respectively to organize three voltage-to-ground sampled values and dope a plurality of voltage-to-ground values, the more final voltage-to-ground value of predicting is carried out filtration treatment, can predict more final voltage-to-ground value; In addition, every group of sampling interval between three times is set to 100ms, sampling interval in every group is made as 1-2ms, make three the voltage-to-ground sampled values of many groups of can sampling within 1-2s, then utilize the voltage-to-ground value of sampling to carry out the final prediction of stable rear magnitude of voltage over the ground, can improve the monitoring efficiency of the insulation fault of 90% left and right.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is shown as the process flow diagram of the switching type insulated monitoring method of DC power-supply system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is shown as a kind of structural representation of optimal way of the switching type insulating monitoring circuit of DC power-supply system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is shown as the structural representation of the switching type type insulation monitoring system of DC power-supply system of the present invention.
The element numbers explanation
1 type insulation monitoring system
11 positive poles are the detector switch circuit over the ground
12 negative poles are the detector switch circuit over the ground
13 prediction module
14 insulating monitoring modules
15 insulating monitoring unit
S1～S2 step
Embodiment
Below by specific instantiation explanation embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can understand other advantages of the present invention and effect easily by the disclosed content of this instructions.The present invention can also be implemented or be applied by other different embodiment, and the every details in this instructions also can be based on different viewpoints and application, carries out various modifications or change not deviating under spirit of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of switching type insulated monitoring method of DC power-supply system.Wherein, described DC power-supply system comprises bus.Described monitoring method is mainly carried out by type insulation monitoring system, described type insulation monitoring system comprises: be separately positioned on the both positive and negative polarity of described bus and the circuit of detector switch over the ground that alternately opens and closes, and control described detector switch circuit and open and close and monitor the insulating monitoring unit of the insulation against ground performance of the positive pole of described bus and negative pole, wherein, described insulating monitoring unit is to be arranged on application in computer equipment etc.This computer equipment be a kind of can be according to the program of prior storage, automatically, carry out at high speed the modernization intelligent electronic device of massive values computation and various information processings, and can control the duty of described detector switch circuit, its hardware includes but not limited to server, embedded device, industrial computer etc.
In step S1, described insulating monitoring unit is during the curent change over the ground on the positive pole that is is alternately opened and closed caused bus by the described circuit of detector switch over the ground/negative pole circuit, with three voltage sample values of the positive pole of the described bus of very first time interval sampling/negative pole line-to-ground, and the magnitude of voltage after stable over the ground based on three described positive pole/negative poles of voltage-to-ground sampled values prediction of sampling.
Particularly, under the control of described insulating monitoring unit, the anodal detector switch closing of circuit of bus, negative pole detector switch circuit disconnects, at this moment, described insulating monitoring unit starts, according to default very first time interval, the positive pole-ground path of described bus is carried out voltage sample, obtains thus three voltage sample values that are used for monitoring positive pole-ground path; Similarly, described insulating monitoring unit the positive pole of bus over the ground the detector switch circuit disconnect and negative pole over the ground during the detector switch closing of circuit, according to default very first time interval, the negative pole-ground path of described bus is carried out voltage sample, and obtain three voltage sample values that are used for monitoring negative pole-ground path.Described very first time interval is 100ms at least.
Preferably, according to the capacitor charge and discharge formula:
As seen, magnitude of voltage Ue after over the ground stable of the positive pole/negative pole that wants to predict bus, except recording t positive pole/negative pole voltage sample value Ut over the ground constantly, also need to know that positive pole/negative pole initial voltage value Uo, equivalent capacity over the ground discharges and recharges equivalent time constant RC before the detector switch circuit opens and closes over the ground, wherein, R is positive pole/negative pole equivalent insulation resistance over the ground, and C is positive pole/negative pole equivalent capacity over the ground.Therefore, in order to determine initial voltage-to-ground value Uo, sampling instant t and equivalent time constant RC, described step 1) need to be based on sample successively positive pole/negative pole three voltage sample value U' over the ground of described bus of very first time interval
1, U'
2, U'
3.
Wherein,
Wherein, t
1For the moment of sampling for the first time, Δ t is the very first time interval of sampling.Described insulating monitoring unit by using U'
1, U'
2, U'
3The computing formula group, the voltage prediction value after the positive pole/negative pole that obtains described bus is stable over the ground is:
Wherein, Ue is the voltage-to-ground value after stablizing of prediction.
As a kind of preferred version, described step S1 also comprises: step S11, step S12 and step S13(all do not give diagram).
In step S11, described insulating monitoring unit is during curent change over the ground, based on sample successively positive pole/negative pole three groups of voltage sample values over the ground of described bus of default very first time interval, wherein, comprise in every group of voltage sample value: with default second time interval sampling and the equal a plurality of voltage sample values of quantity.Wherein, described second time interval is excellent at 1-2ms.Non-overlapping sampled value in the described voltage sample value of adjacent sets.
For example, described insulating monitoring unit monitors the detector switch circuit while alternately changing, and constantly starts at t1, with Δ t
2One group of described positive pole/negative pole line-to-ground of the time interval (described second time interval) sampling voltage sample value U1 ' ' u11, u12 ..., u1m}, then, with described t1 time at intervals Δ t
1The t2 at interval (described very first time interval) starts constantly, the voltage sample value U2 ' ' of the one group of described positive pole/negative pole line-to-ground of sampling u21, u22 ..., u2m}, with described t2 time at intervals Δ t
1The t3 at interval (described very first time interval) starts constantly, then the voltage sample value U3 ' ' of the one group of described positive pole/negative pole line-to-ground of sampling u31, u32 ..., u3m}, wherein, m be every group the sampling quantity, Δ t
1Δ t
2.
In step S12, three voltage sample values that are spaced apart described very first time interval are chosen respectively in described insulating monitoring unit from every group of voltage sample value, and according to a magnitude of voltage after over the ground stable of selected three described positive pole/negative poles of voltage sample value prediction, repeat this step, to dope a plurality of magnitudes of voltage after stablizing over the ground.
Continue the example in step S11, a voltage sample value u11, u21, u31 are respectively chosen successively in described insulating monitoring unit from U1 ' ', U2 ' ', U3 ' ' voltage sample value group, and the interval of three selected voltage sample values is Δ t
1, then, according to the mode in described step S1, predict a magnitude of voltage after over the ground stable of described positive pole/negative pole.Repeating step S12, u12, u22, u32 are chosen in described insulating monitoring unit from U1 ' ', U2 ' ', U3 ' ', and predict accordingly another magnitude of voltage after stable over the ground.By that analogy, described insulating monitoring unit dopes on respective lines m magnitude of voltage after over the ground stable.
Unceasingly, in step S13, described insulating monitoring unit carries out filtration treatment with a plurality of magnitudes of voltage of predicting, to obtain the magnitude of voltage after described positive pole/negative pole is stablized over the ground.
Particularly, described insulating monitoring unit calculates resulting a plurality of magnitude of voltage values of averaging, to determine the magnitude of voltage of prediction.
Preferably, obvious abnormal magnitude of voltage in resulting a plurality of magnitudes of voltage is rejected in described insulating monitoring unit, more remaining a plurality of magnitudes of voltage are averaged calculating, with the final voltage-to-ground value that obtains predicting.
Wherein, described insulating monitoring unit is rejected in resulting a plurality of magnitudes of voltage the obviously mode of abnormal magnitude of voltage and is included but not limited to: 1) remove maximal value and minimum value in resulting a plurality of magnitude of voltage.2) utilize default probability distribution computing formula, determine to be in the magnitude of voltage in the small probability distribution range, and the magnitude of voltage that will be in the small probability distribution range is rejected.
In step S2, the corresponding equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of determining in described positive pole/negative pole supply line of magnitude of voltage after described insulating monitoring unit is stable over the ground based on positive pole/negative pole of predicting, and according to the insulation of the equivalence in determined positive pole/negative pole supply line resistance to earth value and predetermined threshold value, relatively come, in corresponding definite positive pole/negative pole supply line, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged.
Particularly, described insulating monitoring unit records the magnitude of voltage U between both positive and negative polarity on bus in advance, the recycling formula
And
Calculate respectively the resistance of the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value on positive pole, negative pole circuit, again the positive pole and the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value on the negative pole circuit that calculate are compared with default threshold value, if export the warning message of the insulation against ground sexual abnormality on respective lines less than described threshold value.Wherein, U1 is the voltage after stable over the ground according to the positive pole of step S1 prediction, and U2 be the voltage after stablizing over the ground according to the negative pole of step S2 prediction, and R is the known resistance in the circuit of detector switch over the ground of both positive and negative polarity.
take circuit shown in Figure 2 as example, switch S 1, S2, S3, S4 and resistance R 1, R2, R3 forms bus both positive and negative polarity detector switch circuit over the ground, described insulating monitoring unit controls Closing Switch S1, S2, cut-off switch S3, S4, and record the magnitude of voltage U between both positive and negative polarity on bus, control again Closing Switch S1, S4, cut-off switch S2, S3, according to the magnitude of voltage after over the ground stable of step S1 prediction bus positive pole, control Closing Switch S2, S3, cut-off switch S1, S4, according to the magnitude of voltage after over the ground stable of step S1 prediction bus negative pole, then, described insulating monitoring unit is according to the layout of circuit, to formula
And
Be out of shape, obtain
Then, with the R that obtains
+And R
-Compare with default threshold value respectively, if R
+And R
-Arbitrary less than described threshold value, determine R
+And R
-There is the insulation against ground fault in the circuit at place, and described insulating monitoring unit sends respective lines insulation against ground failure warning information immediately.
Especially, described insulating monitoring unit also performed step S3(and does not give diagram before execution step S2).
In step S3, corresponding line-to-ground whether short circuit or open circuit are determined according to the positive pole of predicting and negative pole voltage-to-ground value in described insulating monitoring unit.
Particularly, whether exist in the anodal voltage-to-ground value that described insulating monitoring unit judges is predicted and negative pole voltage-to-ground value one of them value less than short circuit threshold value and another value and record just-difference of magnitude of voltage between the negative pole circuit is less than a preset value,, if exist, determine that the voltage-to-ground value is in the shorted to earth state less than the circuit of described short circuit threshold value; If exist one of them value less than short circuit threshold value and another value and record just-difference of magnitude of voltage between the negative pole circuit determines that more than or equal to this preset value the voltage-to-ground value is in open-circuit condition over the ground less than the circuit of described short circuit threshold value; Otherwise,, if anodal voltage-to-ground value and negative pole voltage-to-ground value that judgement is predicted do not belong to above-mentioned two situations, directly change step S2 over to.
If determine in described step S3 in anodal and negative pole circuit that one is shorted to earth, described step S2 also comprises:
Step S21: equivalent insulation against ground resistance value on respective lines is determined based on the voltage-to-ground on the circuit of the not short circuit over the ground of predicting in described insulating monitoring unit, according to the circuit that relatively carrys out to determine described not short circuit of the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of calculating and described threshold value, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged again, and the circuit of definite shorted to earth is the insulation against ground fault.
If determine that in described step S3 in anodal and negative pole circuit, at least one is for opening a way over the ground, described step S2 also comprises:
Step S21: equivalent insulation against ground resistance value on respective lines is determined based on the voltage-to-ground on the circuit of not opening a way over the ground of predicting in described insulating monitoring unit, then according to the described circuit of not opening a way that relatively comes to determine of the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of calculating and described threshold value, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged.
Wherein, need to prove, the mode that it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that calculating respective lines equivalent insulating resistance value over the ground in the mode of calculating respective lines equivalent insulating resistance value over the ground in described insulating monitoring unit and abovementioned steps S2 is same or similar, is not described in detail in this.
Also need to prove, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that described step S21 and step S22 and discontinuous execution, but according to predict just/magnitude of voltage of negative pole line-to-ground selects an execution.
As shown in Figure 3, the present invention also provides a kind of switching type type insulation monitoring system of DC power-supply system, wherein, described type insulation monitoring system comprises: be separately positioned on the both positive and negative polarity of described bus and the circuit of detector switch over the ground 11,12 that alternately opens and closes, and control described on-off circuit over the ground 11,12 and open and close and monitor the insulating monitoring unit 15 of the insulation against ground performance of the positive pole of described bus and negative pole.Described insulating monitoring unit 15 comprises: prediction module 13 and insulating monitoring module 14.
Described prediction module 13 is used for during the curent change over the ground on the positive pole that is is alternately opened and closed caused bus by the described circuit of detector switch over the ground 11,12/negative pole circuit, with three voltage sample values of the positive pole of the described bus of very first time interval sampling/negative pole line-to-ground, and the magnitude of voltage after stable over the ground based on three described positive pole/negative poles of voltage-to-ground sampled values prediction of sampling.
Particularly, under the control of described insulating monitoring unit 15, the positive pole of bus is detector switch circuit 11 closures over the ground, negative pole detector switch circuit 12 over the ground disconnects, at this moment, described prediction module 13 starts, according to default very first time interval, the positive pole-ground path of described bus is carried out voltage sample, obtains thus one group of voltage sample value that is used for monitoring positive pole-ground path; Similarly, described prediction module 13 the positive pole of bus over the ground detector switch circuit 11 disconnect and negative pole when detector switch circuit 12 is closed over the ground, according to default very first time interval, the negative pole-ground path of described bus is carried out voltage sample, and obtain one group of voltage sample value that is used for monitoring negative pole-ground path.Wherein, the quantity of one group of voltage sample value is three.Described very first time interval is 100ms at least.
Preferably, according to the capacitor charge and discharge formula:
As seen, want to predict positive pole/negative pole stable magnitude of voltage Ue over the ground of bus, except recording t positive pole/negative pole voltage sample value Ut over the ground constantly, also need to know that positive pole/negative pole initial voltage value Uo, equivalent capacity over the ground discharges and recharges equivalent time constant RC before detector switch circuit 11,12 opens and closes over the ground, wherein, R is positive pole/negative pole equivalent insulation resistance over the ground, and C is positive pole/negative pole equivalent capacity over the ground.Therefore, in order to determine initial voltage value Uo, sampling instant t and equivalent time constant RC, described prediction module 13 need to be based on sample successively positive pole/negative pole three voltage sample value U' over the ground of described bus of very first time interval
1, U'
2, U'
3.
Wherein,
Wherein, t
1For the moment of sampling for the first time, Δ t is the very first time interval of sampling.Described insulating monitoring unit 15 utilizes U'
1, U'
2, U'
3The computing formula group, the voltage prediction value after the positive pole/negative pole that obtains described bus is stable over the ground is:
Wherein, Ue is the voltage-to-ground value after stablizing of prediction.
As a kind of preferred version, described prediction module 13 also comprises: voltage sample submodule, predicted voltage calculating sub module and predicted voltage are filtered mould module (all not giving diagram).
Described voltage sample submodule is used for during curent change over the ground, based on sample successively positive pole/negative pole three groups of voltage sample values over the ground of described bus of default very first time interval, wherein, comprise with the sampling of second time interval and the identical a plurality of voltage sample values of quantity in every group of voltage sample value.Wherein, described second time interval is excellent at 1-2ms.Non-overlapping sampled value in the described voltage sample value of adjacent sets.
For example, described voltage sample submodule monitors the detector switch circuit while alternately changing, and constantly starts at t1, with Δ t
2One group of described positive pole/negative pole line-to-ground of the time interval (described second time interval) sampling voltage sample value U1 ' ' u11, u12 ..., u1m}, then, with described t1 time at intervals Δ t
1The t2 at interval (described very first time interval) starts constantly, the voltage sample value U2 ' ' of the one group of described positive pole/negative pole line-to-ground of sampling u21, u22 ..., u2m}, with described t2 time at intervals Δ t
1The t3 at interval (described very first time interval) starts constantly, then the voltage sample value U3 ' ' of the one group of described positive pole/negative pole line-to-ground of sampling u31, u32 ..., u3m}, wherein, m be every group the sampling quantity, Δ t
1Δ t
2.
Described predicted voltage calculating sub module is used for choosing respectively from every group of voltage sample value three voltage sample values that are spaced apart described very first time interval, and according to a magnitude of voltage after over the ground stable of selected three described positive pole/negative poles of voltage sample value prediction, repeat described predicted voltage calculating sub module, to dope a plurality of magnitudes of voltage after stablizing over the ground.
Continue the example in described voltage sample submodule, described predicted voltage calculating sub module is respectively chosen a voltage sample value u11, u21, u31 successively from U1 ' ', U2 ' ', U3 ' ' voltage sample value group, the interval of three selected voltage sample values is Δ t
1, then, according to the mode described in described prediction module 13, predict a magnitude of voltage after over the ground stable of described positive pole/negative pole.Repeat described predicted voltage calculating sub module, described predicted voltage calculating sub module is chosen u12, u22, u32 from U1 ' ', U2 ' ', U3 ' ', and predicts accordingly another magnitude of voltage after stable over the ground.By that analogy, described predicted voltage calculating sub module dopes on respective lines m magnitude of voltage after over the ground stable.
Unceasingly, described predicted voltage is filtered the mould module and is used for a plurality of magnitudes of voltage of predicting are carried out filtration treatment, to obtain the voltage-to-ground value after described positive pole/negative pole is stablized over the ground.
Particularly, described predicted voltage is filtered the mould module resulting a plurality of magnitude of voltage values of averaging is calculated, to determine the magnitude of voltage of prediction.
Preferably, described predicted voltage is filtered the mould module and is used for rejecting obviously abnormal magnitude of voltage of resulting a plurality of magnitude of voltage, more remaining a plurality of magnitudes of voltage are averaged calculating, with obtain predicting stablize after magnitude of voltage.
Wherein, described predicted voltage is filtered the mould module and is rejected in resulting a plurality of magnitudes of voltage the obviously mode of abnormal magnitude of voltage and include but not limited to: 1) remove maximal value and minimum value in resulting a plurality of magnitude of voltage.2) utilize default probability distribution computing formula, determine to be in the magnitude of voltage in the small probability distribution range, and the magnitude of voltage that will be in the small probability distribution range is rejected.
Described insulating monitoring module 14 is used for the corresponding equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of determining in described positive pole/negative pole supply line of magnitude of voltage after stable over the ground based on positive pole/negative pole of predicting, and according to the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value in determined positive pole/negative pole supply line and predetermined threshold value, relatively comes, in corresponding definite positive pole/negative pole supply line, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged.
Particularly, described insulating monitoring module 14 records the magnitude of voltage U between both positive and negative polarity on bus in advance, the recycling formula
And
Calculate respectively the resistance of the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value on positive pole, negative pole circuit, again the positive pole and the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value on the negative pole circuit that calculate are compared with default threshold value, if export the warning message of the insulation against ground sexual abnormality on respective lines less than described threshold value.Wherein, U1 is the voltage after stable over the ground for the positive pole of prediction, and U2 is the voltage after stable over the ground for the negative pole of prediction, and R is the known resistance in the circuit of detector switch over the ground 11,12 of both positive and negative polarity.
take circuit shown in Figure 2 as example, switch S 1, S2, S3, S4 and resistance R 1, R2, R3 forms bus both positive and negative polarity detector switch circuit 11 over the ground, 12, described monitoring means 15 is controlled Closing Switch S1, S2, cut-off switch S3, S4, and record the magnitude of voltage U between both positive and negative polarity on bus, control again Closing Switch S1, S4, cut-off switch S2, S3, by the magnitude of voltage after over the ground stable of described prediction module 13 prediction bus positive poles, control Closing Switch S2, S3, cut-off switch S1, S4, by described prediction module 13 prediction bus negative poles stable rear magnitude of voltage over the ground, then, described insulating monitoring module 14 is according to the layout of circuit, to formula
And
Be out of shape, obtain
Then, with the R that obtains
+And R
-Compare with default threshold value respectively, if R
+And R
-Arbitrary less than described threshold value, determine R
+And R
-There is the insulation against ground fault in the circuit at place, and described insulating monitoring unit 15 sends respective lines insulation against ground failure warning information immediately.
Especially, described insulating monitoring unit 15 also comprises: judge module (not giving diagram).
Described judge module between described prediction module 13 and insulating monitoring module 14, is used for determining corresponding line-to-ground whether short circuit or open circuit according to the positive pole of predicting and negative pole voltage-to-ground value.
Particularly, whether exist in the anodal voltage-to-ground value that the judgement of described judge module is predicted and negative pole voltage-to-ground value one of them value less than short circuit threshold value and another value and record just-difference of magnitude of voltage between the negative pole circuit is less than a preset value,, if exist, determine that magnitude of voltage is in the shorted to earth state less than the circuit of described short circuit threshold value; If exist one of them value less than short circuit threshold value and another value and record just-difference of magnitude of voltage between the negative pole circuit determines that more than or equal to this preset value magnitude of voltage is in open-circuit condition over the ground less than the circuit of described short circuit threshold value; Otherwise,, if cathode voltage value and negative battery voltage that judgement is predicted do not belong to above-mentioned two situations, directly change insulating monitoring module 14 over to.
If one is shorted to earth in the definite positive pole of described judge module and negative pole circuit, described insulating monitoring module 14 is also for the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of determining based on the voltage-to-ground on the circuit of the not short circuit over the ground of predicting on respective lines, according to the circuit that relatively carrys out to determine described not short circuit of the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of calculating and described threshold value, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged again, and the circuit of definite short circuit is insulation fault.
If at described judge module, determine in anodal and negative pole circuit that at least one is for opening a way over the ground, described insulating monitoring module 14 also is used for determining equivalent insulation against ground resistance value on respective lines based on the voltage-to-ground on the circuit of not opening a way over the ground of predicting, then according to the described circuit of not opening a way that relatively comes to determine of the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of calculating and described threshold value, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged.
Wherein, need to prove, those skilled in the art should understand that, the mode of calculating respective lines equivalent insulating resistance value over the ground in the mode of described insulating monitoring module 14 calculating respective lines equivalent insulating resistance value over the ground and aforementioned dielectric monitoring modular 14 is same or similar, is not described in detail in this.
Also need to prove, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that when having the shorted to earth circuit or over the ground during open circuit line, described insulating monitoring module according to predict just/magnitude of voltage of negative pole line-to-ground selects an execution.
In sum, switching type insulated monitoring method and the system of DC power-supply system of the present invention, go out the voltage-to-ground of both positive and negative polarity circuit after stable by fast prediction during curent change over the ground, effectively saved and waited for the time of current stabilization over the ground, the insulation status of the both positive and negative polarity line-to-ground of the bus of supervision straight-flow system that can be real-time, in time find the circuit of insulation against ground fault; In addition, sampling to organize three voltage-to-ground sampled values during curent change over the ground more, and utilize and respectively to organize three voltage-to-ground sampled values and dope a plurality of magnitudes of voltage after stable over the ground, again to predict stable over the ground after magnitude of voltage carry out filtration treatment, can predict more final magnitude of voltage after stable over the ground; In addition, the sampling interval of three groups is set to 100ms, sampling interval in every group is made as 1-2ms, make three groups of voltage-to-ground sampled values that can obtain very first time interval within 1-2s, then utilize the prediction of the magnitude of voltage after the voltage-to-ground value of sampling is stablized over the ground, can improve the monitoring efficiency of the insulation fault of 90% left and right.So the present invention has effectively overcome various shortcoming of the prior art and the tool high industrial utilization.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not is used for restriction the present invention.Any person skilled in the art scholar all can, under spirit of the present invention and category, modify or change above-described embodiment.Therefore, such as have in affiliated technical field and know that usually the knowledgeable, not breaking away from all equivalence modifications of completing under disclosed spirit and technological thought or changing, must be contained by claim of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. the switching type insulated monitoring method of a DC power-supply system, wherein, described DC power-supply system comprises bus, is respectively equipped with the circuit of detector switch over the ground that alternately opens and closes on the both positive and negative polarity of described bus, it is characterized in that, comprises at least:
1) during the curent change over the ground on the positive pole that is is alternately opened and closed caused bus by described detector switch circuit/negative pole circuit, with three voltage sample values of the positive pole of the described bus of very first time interval sampling/negative pole line-to-ground, and the magnitude of voltage after stable over the ground based on three described positive pole/negative poles of voltage-to-ground sampled values prediction of sampling;
2) the corresponding equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of determining in described positive pole/negative pole supply line of magnitude of voltage after stable over the ground based on positive pole/negative pole of predicting, and according to the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value in determined positive pole/negative pole supply line and predetermined threshold value, relatively come, in corresponding definite positive pole/negative pole supply line, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged.
2. the switching type insulated monitoring method of DC power-supply system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 1) also comprises:
During curent change over the ground, based on sample successively positive pole/negative pole three groups of voltage sample values over the ground of described bus of default very first time interval, wherein, comprise in every group of voltage sample value: with default second time interval sampling and the equal a plurality of voltage sample values of quantity;
Choose respectively three voltage sample values that are spaced apart described very first time interval from every group of voltage sample value, and according to a magnitude of voltage after over the ground stable of selected three described positive pole/negative poles of voltage sample value prediction, repeat this step, to dope a plurality of magnitudes of voltage after stablizing over the ground;
Each magnitude of voltage of predicting is carried out filtration treatment, to obtain the magnitude of voltage after described positive pole/negative pole is stablized over the ground.
3. the switching type insulated monitoring method of DC power-supply system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described step 1) comprises: utilize formula
Predict the magnitude of voltage after described positive pole/negative pole is stablized over the ground, wherein, Ue is the voltage-to-ground value after stablizing of prediction, U'
1, U'
2, U'
3Be followed successively by the voltage-to-ground sampled value with described very first time interval.
4. the switching type insulated monitoring method of DC power-supply system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the mode that magnitude of voltage after stable over the ground with predict many groups in described step 1) carries out filtration treatment comprises: rejects obvious abnormal magnitude of voltage in resulting a plurality of magnitudes of voltage, again remaining a plurality of magnitudes of voltage are averaged calculating, with obtain predicting stable over the ground after magnitude of voltage.
5. the switching type insulated monitoring method of DC power-supply system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in execution step 2) before, described method also comprises: 3) according to the positive pole of predicting and negative pole voltage-to-ground value, determine corresponding line-to-ground whether short circuit or open circuit.
6. the switching type insulated monitoring method of DC power-supply system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, if determine in described step 3) in anodal and negative pole circuit that one is shorted to earth, described step 2) also comprise: based on the voltage-to-ground on the circuit of the not short circuit over the ground of predicting, determine equivalent insulation against ground resistance value on respective lines, according to the circuit that relatively carrys out to determine described not short circuit of the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of calculating and described threshold value, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged again, and the circuit of definite shorted to earth is the insulation against ground fault.
7. the switching type insulated monitoring method of DC power-supply system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, if determine in described step 3) in anodal and negative pole circuit that at least one is for opening a way over the ground, described step 2) also comprise: determine equivalent insulation against ground resistance value on respective lines based on the voltage-to-ground on the circuit of not opening a way over the ground of predicting, then according to the described circuit of not opening a way that relatively comes to determine of the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of calculating and described threshold value, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged.
8. the switching type type insulation monitoring system of a DC power-supply system, wherein, described DC power-supply system comprises bus, it is characterized in that, and described type insulation monitoring system comprises at least:
Be separately positioned on the both positive and negative polarity of described bus and the detector switch circuit that alternately opens and closes, and the insulating monitoring unit that is connected with each described detector switch circuit;
Described insulating monitoring unit comprises:
Prediction module, be used for during the curent change over the ground on the positive pole that is is alternately opened and closed caused bus by described detector switch circuit/negative pole circuit, with three voltage sample values of the positive pole of the described bus of very first time interval sampling/negative pole line-to-ground, and the magnitude of voltage after stable over the ground based on three described positive pole/negative poles of voltage-to-ground sampled values prediction of sampling;
The insulating monitoring module, be used for the corresponding equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of determining in described positive pole/negative pole supply line of positive pole/negative pole of predicting based on described prediction module final magnitude of voltage over the ground, and according to the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value in determined positive pole/negative pole supply line and predetermined threshold value, relatively come, in corresponding definite positive pole/negative pole supply line, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged.
9. the switching type type insulation monitoring system of DC power-supply system according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described prediction module also comprises:
The voltage sample submodule, be used for during curent change over the ground,, based on sample successively positive pole/negative pole three groups of voltage sample values over the ground of described bus of default very first time interval, wherein, comprise a plurality of voltage sample values that equate with the sampling of second time interval and quantity in every group of voltage sample value;
The predicted voltage calculating sub module, be used for choosing respectively from every group of voltage sample value three voltage sample values that are spaced apart described very first time interval, and according to a magnitude of voltage after over the ground stable of selected three described positive pole/negative poles of voltage sample value prediction, repeat described predicted voltage calculating sub module, to dope a plurality of magnitudes of voltage after stablizing over the ground;
Predicted voltage is filtered the mould module, is used for each magnitude of voltage of predicting is carried out filtration treatment, to obtain the magnitude of voltage after described positive pole/negative pole is stablized over the ground.
10. according to claim 8 or claim 9 the switching type type insulation monitoring system of DC power-supply system, is characterized in that, described prediction module is used for utilizing formula
Predict the magnitude of voltage after described positive pole/negative pole is stablized over the ground, wherein, Ue is the final voltage-to-ground value of prediction, U'
1, U'
2, U'
3Be followed successively by three voltage-to-ground sampled values with described very first time interval.
11. the switching type type insulation monitoring system of DC power-supply system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described predicted voltage is filtered the mould module and is used for rejecting obviously abnormal magnitude of voltage of resulting a plurality of magnitude of voltage, again remaining a plurality of magnitudes of voltage are averaged calculating, with obtain predicting stable over the ground after magnitude of voltage.
12. the switching type type insulation monitoring system of DC power-supply system according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described type insulation monitoring system also comprises: the judge module between described prediction module and insulating monitoring module is used for determining corresponding line-to-ground whether short circuit or open circuit according to the positive pole of predicting and negative pole voltage-to-ground value.
13. the switching type type insulation monitoring system of DC power-supply system according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, if in the definite positive pole of described judge module and negative pole circuit, one is shorted to earth, described insulating monitoring module is also for the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of determining based on the voltage-to-ground on the circuit of the not short circuit over the ground of predicting on respective lines, according to the circuit that relatively carrys out to determine described not short circuit of the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of calculating and described threshold value, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged again, and the circuit of definite shorted to earth is the insulation against ground fault.
14. the switching type type insulation monitoring system of DC power-supply system according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, if described judge module determines in anodal and negative pole circuit that at least one is for opening a way over the ground, described insulating monitoring module also is used for determining equivalent insulation against ground resistance value on respective lines based on the voltage-to-ground on the circuit of not opening a way over the ground of predicting, then according to the described circuit of not opening a way that relatively comes to determine of the equivalent insulation against ground resistance value of calculating and described threshold value, whether the insulation against ground fault is arranged.
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