CN103385390B - Artificial particle feed for juvenile turbot - Google Patents
Artificial particle feed for juvenile turbot Download PDFInfo
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- CN103385390B CN103385390B CN201310335003.6A CN201310335003A CN103385390B CN 103385390 B CN103385390 B CN 103385390B CN 201310335003 A CN201310335003 A CN 201310335003A CN 103385390 B CN103385390 B CN 103385390B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an artificial particle feed for juvenile turbot. The artificial particle feed is characterized by being prepared from whitefish powder, euphausiid powder, scallop powder, beer yeast, starch, cod liver oil, yolk powder, whey powder, L-alanyl-L-glutamine, choline chloride, soybean lecithin, schizochytrium limacinum powder, haematococcus pluvialis powder, compound vitamins, compound mineral substances, Chinese herbal medicines and sodium alginate. As the various raw materials are added into the feed, the comprehensiveness of nutrition is guaranteed. An immunopotentiator is added into the feed, so that the non-specificity immunity of fish bodies is enhanced. The feed is green and pollution-free. The schizochytrium limacinum powder and the haematococcus pluvialis powder are added into the feed, and the content of vitamin E is improved, so that the whitening rate of the juvenile fish is effectively reduced. The Chinese herbal medicine components are added, so that the immunity of the juvenile fish can be improved and parasite diseases in a juvenile fish growing phase are prevented from happening.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fish feed technical field, be specifically related to the artificial pellet of a kind of young turbot.
Background technology
Turbot belongs to Bothidae, brill belongs to, originate in a kind of famous and precious flatfish of the European North Sea, the Baltic Sea and Mediterranean, China started from 1992 introduce and raise and train, this fish fast growth, delicious meat, be of high nutritive value, market prospects are wide, become the main breed variety in Northern Coastal Provinces.
The iced trash fish of mainly throwing something and feeding in young turbot breeding process at present, but can there are several problems in the iced trash fish of throwing something and feeding, the one, although iced trash fish has the facile feature of appearance, aspect cost, seem lower, but because the iced trash fish of throwing something and feeding easily causes the pollution of breeding water body, and low conversion rate, actual aquaculture cost is very high.The more important thing is and long-term a large amount of using iced trash fish as the feed source of turbot cultivation, will cause and be difficult to the destruction of repairing marine ecosystems.Catching of iced trash fish caused the unbalance of marine ecosystems, and long-term impact can not be ignored.
Although there is on the market the feed in young turbot stage, there is the unbalanced problem of nutrition in inferior feed mostly, and the high-quality feed price of import is too high, and cost performance is not high, and raiser's culture benefit is lower.In addition, in the juvenile fish breeding process of turbot, the generation of the parasite diseases such as shield infusorian is frequent, the incidence of lymphocyst disease is higher, albefaction rate is higher simultaneously, and these have all had a strong impact on the survival rate in young turbot cultivation stage, also for the cultivation of follow-up adult fish has brought risk, and lymphocyst is sick and albinic generation can have influence on the outward appearance that cultivates adult fish, reduces commodity value.
Therefore, how a kind of feed of high-quality is provided, both can save aquaculture cost for raiser, improve income, simultaneously also by add active ingredient in feed, take precautions against the pathogenetic risk of disease between young stage, for the cultivation of turbot, provide scrod feed high-quality, balanced in nutrition, that cost performance is good is the focus of research always.The present invention, by the nutritional need feature to the young turbot stage, on the basis of screening at the feedstuff to a large amount of, has developed young turbot feed of the present invention, to meet the demand of domestic vast turbot breeding enterprise to high-quality feed.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the artificial pellet of a kind of young turbot, to improve young turbot survival rate, the speed of growth, feed efficiency, take precautions against the generation of disease, reduce the feed cost in Albino Seedling ratio and seedling raising process.
With existing young turbot pellet, compare, the present invention adds yolk powder in feed, has improved the comprehensive and palatability of feed nutrition, and it is active and without spuing phenomenon that the macrura reevesii of throwing something and feeding ingests; Add whey powder, whey powder is rich in immunoglobulin (Ig), can improve fish body non-specific immunity, effectively prevents rotten tail; In feed, add Ala-Gln, improve the absorption of enteron aisle to nutriment; That in feed, add to reduce seed albefaction rate splits kettle algae powder and haematococcus pluvialis powder, and improves the content of vitamin E in feed; Add medicinal herb components, take precautions against the generation of juvenile fish stage parasite disease.
Feed formula of the present invention is as follows:
The component of feed comprises white fish meal, krill meal, scallop powder, brewer's yeast, starch, cod-liver oil, yolk powder, whey powder, Ala-Gln, Choline Chloride, soybean lecithin.
Said components percentage by weight is: white fish meal, 50%~70%; Krill meal, 1%~10%; Scallop powder, 5%~15%; Brewer's yeast, 1%~15%; Starch, 1%~15%; Cod-liver oil, 5%~20%; Yolk powder, 1%~10%; Whey powder, 1%~10%; Ala-Gln, 0.5%~5%; Choline Chloride, 0.1%~5%; Soybean lecithin, 0.1%~5%.
Above-mentioned feed is also added with and splits kettle algae powder, haematococcus pluvialis powder, B B-complex, composite mineral matter, Chinese herbal medicine and sodium alginate.
The percentage by weight of above-mentioned feed ingredient is: split kettle algae powder, 1%~5%; Haematococcus pluvialis powder, 1%~5%; B B-complex, 0.1%~5%; Composite mineral matter, 0.05%~3%; Chinese herbal medicine, 1%~5%; Sodium alginate, 1%~5%.
Above-mentioned B B-complex composition and portion rate are as follows: VB
1, 70; VB
2, 60; VB
6, 80; VB
12, 9; Folic acid, 0.8; Calcium pantothenate, 200; Inositol, 80; Nicotinic acid, 100; Biotin, 5; VC, 150; VA, 300; VD, 200; VE, 300; VK, 10.
Above-mentioned composite mineral matter composition and portion rate are as follows: zinc, 200; Iron, 200; Copper, 30; Manganese, 50; Iodine, 0.6; Selenium, 0.14; Cobalt, 0.3; Magnesium, 400.
The percentage by weight of above-mentioned herbal component is: felwort, 25% ~ 40%; Kuh-seng, 15% ~ 30%; Chinese gall, 10% ~ 20%; Honeysuckle, 10% ~ 20%; Rheum officinale, 5% ~ 10%; The root of large-flowered skullcap, 7% ~ 15%; Golden cypress, 8% ~ 15%.
Feed making method of the present invention is as follows:
By white fish meal, krill meal, scallop powder, brewer's yeast, starch, yolk powder, whey powder, Choline Chloride, soybean lecithin, split kettle algae powder, haematococcus pluvialis powder, Chinese herbal medicine, sodium alginate, B B-complex, composite mineral matter and pulverize respectively, mix after adding Ala-Gln, cod-liver oil; To the sodium alginate that adds 1%~5% in the raw material after mixing, bind, extruding is granulated; Pellet is placed in to vacuum drying chamber, and 40 ℃~70 ℃ are dried 24 hours, make the artificial pellet of young turbot.
The present invention adds plurality of raw materials in feed, guarantees the comprehensive of nutrition.In feed, add immunopotentiator, strengthen fish body premunition, and green non-pollution.In feed, add the content that splits kettle algae powder and haematococcus pluvialis powder and improve vitamin E, effectively reduce seed albefaction rate.The medicinal herb components adding, can improve the immunity of juvenile fish, the generation of prevention juvenile growth stage parasitic disease.Thereby adopt micronizer to guarantee the fineness of pulverizing, with twin shaft paddle mixer, raw material is mixed simultaneously, guaranteed degree of mixedness.Adopt micro-bonding spraying film-coating technique to granulate, feed granules size evenly, profile neatly smooth, water stability good, 36 hours are indeformable.Adopt low-temperature vacuum drying technology, ensure feed nutrition material consistency, keep feed nutrition to tire.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, feed of the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Prepare 1000 grams of feeds, its feed formula is: 600 grams of white fish meals, 80 grams of krill meals, 60 grams, scallop powder, 45 grams of brewer's yeasts, 30.55416 grams of starch, 80 grams of cod-liver oils, 30 grams of yolk powders, 10 grams of whey powders, 10 grams of Ala-Glns, 5 grams of Choline Chlorides, 7 grams of soybean lecithins, split 10 grams, kettle algae powder, 10 grams of haematococcus pluvialis powders, 1.5648 grams of B B-complexes, 0.88104 gram of composite mineral matter, 10 grams, Chinese herbal medicine, 10 grams of sodium alginates.
For the B B-complex and the composite mineral matter that use, can select product conventional in aquatic feeds field, its a kind of composed as follows shown in:
B B-complex forms and weight: VB
1, 70mg; VB
2,60mg; VB
6, 80mg; VB
12, 9mg; Folic acid, 0.8mg; Calcium pantothenate, 200mg; Inositol, 80mg; Nicotinic acid, 100mg; Biotin, 5mg; VC, 150mg; VA, 300mg; VD, 200mg; VE, 300mg; VK, 10mg.
Composite mineral matter forms and weight: zinc, 200mg; Iron, 200mg; Copper, 30mg; Manganese, 50mg; Iodine, 0.6mg; Selenium, 0.14mg; Cobalt, 0.3mg; Magnesium, 400mg.
10 grams of Chinese herbal medicines form and weight is: felwort, 2.5 grams; Kuh-seng, 2 grams; Chinese gall, 1.5 grams; Honeysuckle, 2 grams; Rheum officinale, 0.5 gram; The root of large-flowered skullcap, 0.7 gram; Golden cypress, 0.8 gram.
Feed preparation and processing:
By felwort, 2.5 grams; Kuh-seng, 2 grams; Chinese gall, 1.5 grams; Honeysuckle, 2 grams; Rheum officinale, 0.5 gram; The root of large-flowered skullcap, 0.7 gram; Golden cypress, 0.8 gram is pulverized and mixed into 10 grams of herbal components.
By 600 grams of white fish meals, 80 grams of krill meals, 60 grams, scallop powder, 45 grams of brewer's yeasts, 30.55416 grams of starch, 30 grams of yolk powders, 10 grams of whey powders, 5 grams of Choline Chlorides, 7 grams of soybean lecithins, split 0.88104 gram, 10 grams, kettle algae powder, 10 grams of haematococcus pluvialis powders, 10 grams, Chinese herbal medicine, 10 grams of sodium alginates, 1.5648 grams of B B-complexes, composite mineral matter and pulverize respectively, mix after adding 80 grams of 10 grams of Ala-Glns, cod-liver oil; To the sodium alginate that adds 10 grams in the raw material after mixing, bind, extruding is granulated; Pellet is placed in to vacuum drying chamber, and 40 ℃~70 ℃ are dried 24 hours, make the artificial pellet of young turbot.
Embodiment 2
Prepare 1000 grams of mixed feeds, its feed formula is as follows: 500 grams of white fish meals, 100 grams of krill meals, 122 grams, scallop powder, 50 grams of brewer's yeasts, 70.55416 grams of starch, 50 grams of cod-liver oils, 30 grams of yolk powders, 20 grams of whey powders, 5 grams of Ala-Glns, 5 grams of Choline Chlorides, 5 grams of soybean lecithins, split 10 grams, kettle algae powder, 10 grams of haematococcus pluvialis powders, 1.5648 grams of B B-complexes, composite mineral matter 0.88104,10 grams, Chinese herbal medicine, 10 grams of sodium alginates.
B B-complex forms and weight: VB
1, 70mg; VB
2,60mg; VB
6, 80mg; VB
12, 9mg; Folic acid, 0.8mg; Calcium pantothenate, 200mg; Inositol, 80mg; Nicotinic acid, 100mg; Biotin, 5mg; VC, 150mg; VA, 300mg; VD, 200mg; VE, 300mg; VK, 10mg.
Composite mineral matter forms and weight: zinc, 200mg; Iron, 200mg; Copper, 30mg; Manganese, 50mg; Iodine, 0.6mg; Selenium, 0.14mg; Cobalt, 0.3mg; Magnesium, 400mg.
10 grams of Chinese herbal medicine proportionings used in the present embodiment are as follows: felwort, 2.5 grams; Kuh-seng, 2 grams; Chinese gall, 1.5 grams; Honeysuckle, 1.5 grams; Rheum officinale, 1 gram; The root of large-flowered skullcap, 0.7 gram; Golden cypress, 0.8 gram.
By felwort, 2.5 grams; Kuh-seng, 2 grams; Chinese gall, 1.5 grams; Honeysuckle, 1.5 grams; Rheum officinale, 1 gram; The root of large-flowered skullcap, 0.7 gram; Golden cypress, 0.8 gram is pulverized and mixed into 10 grams of herbal components.
By 500 grams of white fish meals, 100 grams of krill meals, 122 grams, scallop powder, 50 grams of brewer's yeasts, 70.55416 grams of starch, 30 grams of yolk powders, 20 grams of whey powders, 5 grams of Choline Chlorides, 5 grams of soybean lecithins, split 10 grams, kettle algae powder, 10 grams of haematococcus pluvialis powders, 10 grams, Chinese herbal medicine, 1.5648 grams of B B-complexes, composite mineral matter 0.88104 and pulverize respectively, mix after adding 50 grams of 5 grams of Ala-Glns, cod-liver oil; To the sodium alginate that adds 10 grams in the raw material after mixing, bind, extruding is granulated; Pellet is placed in to vacuum drying chamber, and 40 ℃~70 ℃ are dried 24 hours, make the artificial pellet of young turbot.
By feed of the present invention, for the test of Isolated from Diseased Scophthalmus maximus juvenile fish, process of the test is as follows:
Test is carried out in the Qingdao Qi Hao of Qi Hao nutrition Science and Technology Ltd. aquatic animal nutrition research institute central laboratory.Select healthy, the normal young turbot of body colour (8.68 ± 0.01g) conduct test fish, the feed of the use embodiment of the present invention 1 and embodiment 2 preparations and existing commercially available brand feed as a comparison feed carry out contrast test, 3 repetitions of every kind of feed, each repeats 200 tail fishes, every day, test was carried out 36 days altogether by body weight 4%~5% bait throwing in.Test water is circulation sand filter seawater, 18 ℃~25 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 29.5~32.0.Result of the test is as shown in table 1
Table 1: young turbot growing state contrast table
The above results shows, the feed coefficient of pellet of the present invention is lower than contrast feed, and the rate of body weight gain of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is respectively 281 and 306, and feed coefficient is respectively 0.59 and 0.57, and albefaction rate is 0.1%.The feed feeding effect of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is all better than contrast feed.
In addition, in Hai plant, carried out on-the-spot culture experiment, select 2, area, Laizhou plant, Rizhao Area plant as test plant, the small-scale cultivation result in actual culture efficiency and laboratory is similar, thereby proves that feed of the present invention has good application prospect.
Seven good scrod feed cultivation data:
The seven good young turbot feeds that use embodiment 1 and 2, the speed of growth of fish is very fast.The highest Daily gain reaches 5.7%.
Feed coefficient is an important indicator weighing feed quality quality, and feed coefficient is lower just means that the forage volume of long one jin of fish needs is fewer.The seven good young turbot feeds that use embodiment 1 and 2, feed coefficient is very low, cultivates 0.56 jin of material of minimum needs of 1 jin of fish.
Use seven good young turbot feeds of embodiment 1 and 2, very economical, long 1 jin of minimum of fish needs 4.68 yuan of feed costs.
Claims (1)
1. the artificial pellet of young turbot, the component that it is characterized in that described feed include white fish meal, krill meal, scallop powder, brewer's yeast, starch, cod-liver oil, yolk powder, whey powder,
l-alanyl-
l-glutamine, Choline Chloride, soybean lecithin, split kettle algae powder, haematococcus pluvialis powder, B B-complex, composite mineral matter, Chinese herbal medicine and sodium alginate; The percentage by weight of its component is: white fish meal 50%~70%, krill meal 1%~10%, scallop powder 5%~15%, brewer's yeast 1%~15%, starch 1%~15%, cod-liver oil 5%~20%, yolk powder 1%~10%, whey powder 1%~10%,
l-alanyl-
l-glutamine 0.5%~5%, Choline Chloride 0.1%~5%, soybean lecithin 0.1%~5%, split kettle algae powder 1%~5%, haematococcus pluvialis powder 1%~5%, B B-complex 0.1%~5%, composite mineral matter 0.05%~3%, Chinese herbal medicine 1%~5%, sodium alginate 1%~5%;
The percentage by weight of described herbal component is: felwort 25% ~ 40%, kuh-seng 15% ~ 30%, Chinese gall 10% ~ 20%, honeysuckle 10% ~ 20%, rheum officinale 5% ~ 10%, the root of large-flowered skullcap 7% ~ 15%, golden cypress 8% ~ 15%.
?
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DK179981B1 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2019-11-29 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Process for producing a PUFA-containing feedstuff by extruding a PUFA-containing biomass |
US11464244B2 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2022-10-11 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Feedstuff of high abrasion resistance and good stability in water, containing PUFAs |
DK180021B1 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2020-01-22 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Process for producing a PUFA-containing biomass which has high cell stability. |
DK179843B1 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2019-07-31 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Method for raising animals |
CN104381652A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-04 | 苏州市相城区盛胡特种养殖专业合作社 | Powdered juvenile turbot feed |
CN104491202A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-08 | 青岛农业大学 | Traditional Chinese medicinal composition for treating tail-rot disease of cynoglossus semilaevis |
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CN106173541A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-07 | 邵侠 | A kind of many precious fish meals |
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CN111838456A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-10-30 | 河北师范大学 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition and turbot feed prepared from same |
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CN1264417C (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2006-07-19 | 中国海洋大学 | Composite fish bait for fry of brill |
CN1327782C (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2007-07-25 | 青岛森淼实业有限公司 | Mirco algal food nutrient intensifying agent prescription and its preparing process |
CN100399934C (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2008-07-09 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Nuisance free special microelement additive for bastard halibut and pleuronectid and its production process |
CN102326682B (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-03-20 | 山东新希望六和集团有限公司 | Feed additive for stichopus japonicus, preparation method and compound feed containing feed additive |
CN102669470A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-19 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Turbot parent fish feed |
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