Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that improves xylo-oligosaccharide content in the black tea, produce the thermophilic cotton wool bacterium of zytase bacterial strain by inoculation, in black tea sweat, produce resistant to elevated temperatures zytase, thereby the xylan in the black tea of degraded produces xylo-oligosaccharide, improves the content of xylo-oligosaccharide in the black tea thus.
Another object of the present invention provides the application of black tea in improving gastrointestinal function of the high xylo-oligosaccharide content of said method production.
A kind of method that improves xylo-oligosaccharide content in the black tea that the present invention proposes, concrete scheme is as follows.
The thermophilic cotton wool bacterium of inoculation in the preparation process of black tea by the method generation zytase of solid fermentation, is xylo-oligosaccharide with the xylan degrading in the tealeaves, thereby improves the content of xylo-oligosaccharide in the black tea.
(1) gross tea is evenly sprayed water to water content and reach 18%~24%;
(2) tealeaves is placed in the withstand voltage autoclave, be warming up to 100 ℃, decatize 5~15min;
(3) after the taking-up gross tea, evenly spray thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore liquid;
(4) control tealeaves water content 24%~28% is positioned in the incubator of 45~50 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75%, cultivates 2~7d;
(5) tealeaves that will cultivate after finishing places in the withstand voltage autoclave, is warming up to 100 ℃, decatize 5~15min;
(6) take out gross tea, evenly spray the diffusing capsule bacterium spore liquid of coronoid process;
(7) control tealeaves water content 24%~28%, compacting brick tea is positioned in the incubator of 28~30 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75%, cultivates 5~7d;
(8) cultivation is closed the humidity regulation switch after finishing, and temperature is raise 2~3 ℃ until 50 ℃ every day, takes out after the oven dry.
Above-mentioned steps (3) miospore sprinkling amount is that every 100g gross tea sprays an amount of thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore dilution, wherein contains thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore 1 * 10
3~1 * 10
6Individual.
Above-mentioned steps (6) miospore sprinkling is measured every 100g gross tea and is sprayed the diffusing capsule bacterium spore dilution of an amount of coronoid process, wherein contains the diffusing capsule bacterium spore 1 * 10 of coronoid process
6~5 * 10
6Individual.
The present invention has following advantage and effect:
1. the present invention replaces natural environment inoculation, easy operating and control with the artificial inoculation in black tea production process.
2. the present invention has introduced thermophilic cotton wool bacterium in the production process of black tea, and employing connects the bacterium mode stage by stage, inoculate diffusing capsule bacterium (the Eurotium cristatum of dominant bacteria coronoid process in thermophilic cotton wool bacterium and the black tea respectively, purchase in Chinese common micro-organisms culture presevation administrative center, strain number is 3.6089), it is long not only to have solved the phase of growing dim in the black tea production technology, the unequal difficult problem of growing dim, overcome the quality unstability that mutual inhibition causes between the different microorganisms, promoted the quality of black tea, effectively shortened fermentation time, and make the tea leaf quality after the fermentation stable, help to obtain higher economic benefit, promote the industry development of black tea.
3. utilize the resistant to elevated temperatures characteristics of zytase of thermophilic cotton wool bacterium and generation, in black tea sweat, produce zytase, continue degradation of xylan and produce xylo-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide by the human intake after, have the adjusting gut flora, improve the effect of immunity, strengthened the health care of black tea.
4. the black tea by explained hereafter of the present invention, all be better than the black tea that traditional handicraft is made from sense organ and physical and chemical index each side, the content of xylo-oligosaccharide is significantly improved, and the normal person drinks the made black tea of 10~20g left and right sides the present invention every day can reach the effect of improving stomach and intestine.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore liquid preparation
Thermophilic cotton wool bacterium is coated on the PDA agar medium flat board, 50 ℃ of constant temperature culture 6~8d, add sterilized water in right amount in flat board, with sterile spatula spore is scraped, be suspended in the sterilized water, suspension is poured in the triangular flask that contains bead again, 200r/min shaking table vibration 1h, make spore suspension, cell counting count board counting, control spore concentration 1 * 10
6~5 * 10
6Individual/mL.
The diffusing capsule bacterium spore liquid preparation of coronoid process
The diffusing capsule bacterium of coronoid process is coated on the PDA agar medium flat board, 30 ℃ of constant temperature culture 6~8d, add sterilized water in right amount in flat board, with sterile spatula spore is scraped, be suspended in the sterilized water, suspension is poured in the triangular flask that contains bead again, 200r/min shaking table vibration 1h, make spore suspension, cell counting count board counting, control spore concentration 1 * 10
8~5 * 10
8Individual/mL.
Concrete implementation step: 300g gross tea evenly sprayed water to water content reaches 18%, tealeaves is placed in the withstand voltage autoclave, be warming up to 100 ℃, decatize 5min, gross tea is taken out, evenly spray thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore dilution, control tealeaves water content is 25%, be positioned in the incubator of 50 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75%, cultivate 2d.The tealeaves of cultivating after finishing is placed in the withstand voltage autoclave, be warming up to 100 ℃, decatize 5min takes out gross tea, evenly spray the diffusing capsule bacterium spore liquid of coronoid process, control tealeaves water content is 24%, and compacting brick tea is positioned in the incubator of 28~30 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75%, cultivate 5~7d, close the humidity regulation switch after cultivating end, temperature is raise 2~3 ℃ until 50 ℃ every day, take out after the oven dry.
Thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore sprinkling amount is that every 100g gross tea sprays an amount of thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore dilution in the above-mentioned steps, wherein contains thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore 1 * 10
3Individual; The diffusing capsule bacterium spore sprinkling amount of coronoid process is that every 100g gross tea sprays the diffusing capsule bacterium spore dilution of an amount of coronoid process, wherein contains the diffusing capsule bacterium spore 1 * 10 of coronoid process
6~5 * 10
6Individual.
By above-described embodiment, the black tea finished product time of preparation is about 14d altogether, is about 1 month and deceive the tea finished product time by traditional handicraft.The present invention produces black tea organoleptic indicator and physical and chemical index and makes black tea contrast by traditional handicraft and sees Table 1.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of the diffusing capsule bacterium spore liquid of thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore liquid and coronoid process is with embodiment 1.
Concrete implementation step: 300g gross tea evenly sprayed water to water content reaches 20%, tealeaves is placed in the withstand voltage autoclave, be warming up to 100 ℃, decatize 10min, gross tea is taken out, evenly spray thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore dilution, control tealeaves water content is 26%, be positioned in the incubator of 50 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75%, cultivate 2d.The tealeaves of cultivating after finishing is placed in the withstand voltage autoclave, be warming up to 100 ℃, decatize 5min takes out gross tea, evenly spray the diffusing capsule bacterium spore liquid of coronoid process, control tealeaves water content is 27%, and compacting brick tea is positioned in the incubator of 28~30 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75%, cultivate 5~7d, close the humidity regulation switch after cultivating end, temperature is raise 2~3 ℃ until 50 ℃ every day, take out after the oven dry.
Thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore sprinkling amount is that every 100g gross tea sprays an amount of thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore dilution in the above-mentioned steps, wherein contains thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore 1 * 10
3Individual; The diffusing capsule bacterium spore sprinkling amount of coronoid process is that every 100g gross tea sprays the diffusing capsule bacterium spore dilution of an amount of coronoid process, wherein contains the diffusing capsule bacterium spore 1 * 10 of coronoid process
6~5 * 10
6Individual.
By above-described embodiment, the black tea finished product time of preparation is about 14d altogether, is about 1 month and deceive the tea finished product time by traditional handicraft.The present invention produces black tea organoleptic indicator and physical and chemical index and makes black tea contrast by traditional handicraft and sees Table 1.
Embodiment 3
The preparation of the diffusing capsule bacterium spore liquid of thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore liquid and coronoid process is with embodiment 1.
Concrete implementation step: 300g gross tea evenly sprayed water to water content reaches 20%, tealeaves is placed in the withstand voltage autoclave, be warming up to 100 ℃, decatize 10min, gross tea is taken out, evenly spray thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore dilution, control tealeaves water content is 28%, be positioned in the incubator of 50 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75%, cultivate 3d.The tealeaves of cultivating after finishing is placed in the withstand voltage autoclave, be warming up to 100 ℃, decatize 5min takes out gross tea, evenly spray the diffusing capsule bacterium spore liquid of coronoid process, control tealeaves water content is 26%, and compacting brick tea is positioned over temperature and is 28~30 ℃, relative humidity and be in 75% the incubator, cultivate 5~7d, close the humidity regulation switch after cultivating end, temperature is raise 2~3 ℃ until 50 ℃ every day, take out after the oven dry.
Thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore sprinkling amount is that every 100g gross tea sprays an amount of thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore dilution in the above-mentioned steps, wherein contains thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore 1 * 10
4Individual; The diffusing capsule bacterium spore sprinkling amount of coronoid process is that every 100g gross tea sprays the diffusing capsule bacterium spore dilution of an amount of coronoid process, wherein contains the diffusing capsule bacterium spore 1 * 10 of coronoid process
6~5 * 10
6Individual.
By above-described embodiment, the black tea finished product time of preparation is about 14d altogether, is about 1 month and deceive the tea finished product time by traditional handicraft.The present invention produces black tea organoleptic indicator and physical and chemical index and makes black tea contrast by traditional handicraft and sees Table 1.
Embodiment 4
The preparation of the diffusing capsule bacterium spore liquid of thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore liquid and coronoid process is with embodiment 1.
Concrete implementation step: 300g gross tea evenly sprayed water to water content reaches 18%, tealeaves is placed in the withstand voltage autoclave, be warming up to 100 ℃, decatize 15min, gross tea is taken out, evenly spray thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore dilution, control tealeaves water content is 26%, be positioned in the incubator of 50 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75%, cultivate 3d.The tealeaves of cultivating after finishing is placed in the withstand voltage autoclave, be warming up to 100 ℃, decatize 5min takes out gross tea, evenly spray the diffusing capsule bacterium spore liquid of coronoid process, control tealeaves water content is 26%, and compacting brick tea is positioned in the incubator of 28~30 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75%, cultivate 5~7d, close the humidity regulation switch after cultivating end, temperature is raise 2~3 ℃ until 50 ℃ every day, take out after the oven dry.
Thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore sprinkling amount is that every 100g gross tea sprays an amount of thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore dilution in the above-mentioned steps, wherein contains thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore 1 * 10
6Individual; The diffusing capsule bacterium spore sprinkling amount of coronoid process is that every 100g gross tea sprays the diffusing capsule bacterium spore dilution of an amount of coronoid process, wherein contains the diffusing capsule bacterium spore 1 * 10 of coronoid process
6~5 * 10
6Individual.
By above-described embodiment, the black tea finished product time of preparation is about 14d altogether, is about 1 month and deceive the tea finished product time by traditional handicraft.The present invention produces black tea organoleptic indicator and physical and chemical index and makes black tea contrast by traditional handicraft and sees Table 1.
Embodiment 5
The preparation of the diffusing capsule bacterium spore liquid of thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore liquid and coronoid process is with embodiment 1.
Concrete implementation step: 300g gross tea evenly sprayed water to water content reaches 22%, tealeaves is placed in the withstand voltage autoclave, be warming up to 100 ℃, decatize 8min, gross tea is taken out, evenly spray thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore dilution, control tealeaves water content is 26%, be positioned in the incubator of 50 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75%, cultivate 5d.The tealeaves of cultivating after finishing is placed in the withstand voltage autoclave, be warming up to 100 ℃, decatize 5min takes out gross tea, evenly spray the diffusing capsule bacterium spore liquid of coronoid process, control tealeaves water content is 26%, and compacting brick tea is positioned in the incubator of 28~30 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75%, cultivate 5~7d, close the humidity regulation switch after cultivating end, temperature is raise 2~3 ℃ until 50 ℃ every day, take out after the oven dry.
Thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore sprinkling amount is that every 100g gross tea sprays an amount of thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore dilution in the above-mentioned steps, wherein contains thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore 1 * 10
4Individual; The diffusing capsule bacterium spore sprinkling amount of coronoid process is that every 100g gross tea sprays the diffusing capsule bacterium spore dilution of an amount of coronoid process, wherein contains the diffusing capsule bacterium spore 1 * 10 of coronoid process
6~5 * 10
6Individual.
By above-described embodiment, the black tea finished product time of preparation is about 14d altogether, is about 1 month and deceive the tea finished product time by traditional handicraft.The present invention produces black tea organoleptic indicator and physical and chemical index and makes black tea contrast by traditional handicraft and sees Table 1.
Embodiment 6
The preparation of the diffusing capsule bacterium spore liquid of thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore liquid and coronoid process is with embodiment 1.
Concrete implementation step: 300g gross tea evenly sprayed water to water content reaches 22%, tealeaves is placed in the withstand voltage autoclave, be warming up to 100 ℃, decatize 8min, gross tea is taken out, evenly spray thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore dilution, control tealeaves water content is 26%, be positioned in the incubator of 50 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75%, cultivate 3d.The tealeaves of cultivating after finishing is placed in the withstand voltage autoclave, be warming up to 100 ℃, decatize 5min takes out gross tea, evenly spray the diffusing capsule bacterium spore liquid of coronoid process, control tealeaves water content is 26%, and compacting brick tea is positioned in the incubator of 28~30 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75%, cultivate 5~7d, close the humidity regulation switch after cultivating end, temperature is raise 2~3 ℃ until 50 ℃ every day, take out after the oven dry.
Thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore sprinkling amount is that every 100g gross tea sprays an amount of thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore dilution in the above-mentioned steps, wherein contains thermophilic cotton wool bacterium spore 1 * 10
5Individual; The diffusing capsule bacterium spore sprinkling amount of coronoid process is that every 100g gross tea sprays the diffusing capsule bacterium spore dilution of an amount of coronoid process, wherein contains the diffusing capsule bacterium spore 1 * 10 of coronoid process
6~5 * 10
6Individual.
By above-described embodiment, the black tea finished product time of preparation is about 14d altogether, is about 1 month and deceive the tea finished product time by traditional handicraft.The present invention produces black tea organoleptic indicator and physical and chemical index and makes black tea contrast by traditional handicraft and sees Table 1.
The black tea organoleptic indicator that table 1 the inventive method and traditional handicraft are made and physical and chemical index contrast
Embodiment 7
The black tea of preparation among embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 is distinguished called after No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, the black tea called after of traditional handicraft preparation.More than 3 kinds of black tea through ultramicro grinding, obtain the black tea tea powder that granularity is lower than 10 μ m.32 male SD rats, body weight (100 ± 10) g is divided into 4 groups at random, 8 every group, is numbered No. 0 group, No. 1 group, No. 2 groups, No. 3 groups.No. 0 group is control group, the normal rat feed of feeding, feed respectively for other 3 groups and add the feed of 50mg reference numeral tea powder, respectively after experiment beginning 0,7,14,21,28,35,42d collects the ight soil of rat during morning, put into the sterile test tube of weighing and physiological saline and bead being housed, test tube behind the dress sample is weighed again, try to achieve sample weight, build to be placed on the liquid quick oscillation device behind the pipe close and mix, to make even suspension, then with the ratio doubling dilution one-tenth series of physiological saline with 10 times.Get the series of samples dilution 10 μ L coating selective medium of above-mentioned processing, enterococcus adopts crystal violet-aesculin agar medium to cultivate 48h, enterobacteria is adopted EMB medium culture 24h, Bifidobacterium adopts the BBL agar medium to cultivate 48h, take out the back and differentiate according to colonial morphology, color, adopt the method for plate culture count statistics clump count.Experimental result sees Table 2~4.
Table 2 respectively organize rat stool sample Bifidobacteria population testing result (
X=log (cfu/g), n=8)
A:P<0.01vs control group
Table 3 respectively organize rat stool sample enterobacteria group testing result (
X=log (cfu/g), n=8)
B:P<0.01vs control group
Table 4 respectively organize rat stool sample enterococcus group testing result (
X=log (cfu/g), n=8)
C:P<0.01vs control group
Experimental result shows, the number of Bifidobacterium is along with the prolongation of experimental period does not have significant change in No. 0 group of the control group rat ight soil, No. 1 group and the quantity of organizing Bifidobacterium in the rat ight soil for No. 2 are along with the prolongation of experimental period increases gradually, mean value is all greater than control group, and difference has statistical significance (P<0.01), and the quantity of the 42nd day Bifidobacterium all improves 8% than control group.No. 3 groups (feed and raise traditional black tea) are compared with control group, and the quantity of Bifidobacterium also has the trend of increase in the ight soil, but effect is not so good as No. 1 group and No. 2 groups are obvious.No. 1 group and organize in the rat ight soil enterobacteria, enterococcal quantity for No. 2 along with the prolongation of experimental period reduces gradually, mean value is all less than control group, and difference has statistical significance (P<0.01), No. 3 groups (feed and raise the black tea of tradition) are compared with control group, the trend that minimizing is also arranged, but effect is obvious not as 1 group and 2 groups.
Above result shows that the black tea of the present invention's preparation will obviously be better than the black tea of tradition to the propagation function of Bifidobacterium, and can suppress the breeding of harmful intestinal tract bacteria to a certain extent, has regulated the micro-ecological environment of enteron aisle.