Organic microbial fertilizer of a kind of romaine lettuce and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microbial fertilizer, be specifically related to organic microbial fertilizer of a kind of romaine lettuce and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Romaine lettuce is the vegetables that people often eat, and especially in summer, romaine lettuce is very popular especially; Yet there is multiple diseases in romaine lettuce in vegetative period, and wherein canker is the important factor that influences its yield and quality; The romaine lettuce canker is called the false unit cell canker of romaine lettuce or bacterial leaf spot again, belongs to bacterial disease.During morbidity at first leaf margin be water soaking mode, and progressively by the filbert sap green that becomes, part mesophyll tissue is withered, leaf-shrinkage.In the heading stage, filbert water soaking mode scab appears in arteries and veins or leaf margin in the siphonal lobe, and vein brown stain in the near future enlarges rapidly, but does not have mould layer.Internal lobe brown stain, soft corruption, the leaf-head surface is coated by the withered leaf of thin paper shape brown stain.This disease is in case take place, and treatment is got up very difficult, and ordinary method sprays medicine exactly and handle, and not only effect is not remarkable, causes pesticidal contamination in addition, and it is very necessary therefore to prevent and treat the romaine lettuce canker.
In life, produce in amino acid whose waste liquid throw out and the offal and often be dropped, not only cause environmental pollution, also cause the waste of raw material, because it contains great number of organic matters, amino acid, humic acids, the npk nutrient of organic, carbohydrate and trace element, these nutritive substances can provide microorganism growth required nutrient, add offal with throw out or throw out and not only can not influence viable bacteria survival in the composite microbiological fertilizer as the carrier of composite microbiological fertilizer, and under the suitable soil moisture and moisture, can promote the growth and breeding of beneficial microorganism in soil in the fertilizer after using, improve nearly one times than the composite microbiological fertilizer viable bacteria reproduction speed of using the peat composed of rotten mosses as starting material production.Therefore utilize microorganism that the organic matter that it ferments as microbial fertilizer is had very important meaning.
The fertilizer of prior art only has the trophic function of fertilizer at present, does not have the effect of killing plant insect.Market in urgent need is a kind of to be conducive to environment protection, effectively sterilization, and weeding, and can be fit to the big nuisanceless bactericidal and herbicidal medicament of producing of romaine lettuce.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves provides organic microbial fertilizer of a kind of romaine lettuce and preparation method thereof, can take full advantage of and produce amino acid whose waste liquid throw out, adding the yeast-like fungi element ferments, increase soil fertility, and the antagonism bacterium that adds the romaine lettuce canker reaches the purpose of preventing the romaine lettuce canker when increasing probiotics.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
The organic microbial fertilizer of a kind of romaine lettuce comprises the composition of following weight ratio: 4 parts of streptomyces aureus, 0.6 part of bacillus thuringiensis, 3 parts of enzymatic microorganism, 900 parts of waste liquid throw outs, 240 parts of inorganic fertilizers, 45 parts of trace elements, 25 parts in tackiness agent, 0.5 part of stablizer, surely imitate 0.1 part of auxiliary agent, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, matrine 5-10 part.
Described waste liquid throw out derives from amino acid whose production processes such as Gourmet Powder Factory, Methionin factory.
Described inorganic fertilizer urea, primary ammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar mix with the weight ratio of 4:3:1.
Described micro-starting material are one or more in zinc sulfate, borax, sal epsom, ferrous sulfate, the calcium carbonate, and selected starting material mix with any ratio.
Described tackiness agent is a kind of or the two mixture that mixes with any ratio in clay or the sodium alginate.
Described stablizer is that a kind of in liquid barium/cadmium stabilizer or the liquid calcium/zinc stabilizer or the two are mixed with the weight ratio of 1-2:1.
Described steady effect auxiliary agent is a kind of of epoxy soybean oil, stearic acid phenyl methylcarbamate methane or the two mixture with any ratio mixing.
The preparation method of microbial fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
(1) the sedimentary processing of waste liquid: water content is carried out airing at the described waste liquid throw out of 55-65%
Or oven dry, making the moisture after the oven dry is 15-20%; The waste liquid throw out of oven dry is pulverized; The lime that adds 3-5% in the powdery throw out stirred back pack stacking more than two days, made pH reach 6-7.5;
(2) enzymatic microorganism and above-mentioned waste liquid throw out are stirred by described mixed, the open solid state fermentation of aerobic high-heat, finishes through fermentation in 6-7 days by compost temperature 60-70 ℃ then;
(3) plant-sourced extract preparation: get Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper, Root of Pubescent Holly, Stellera chamaejasme L., hops, Chinese prickly ash, ginkgo kind skin, Fructus Cnidii, Cortex Meliae, Rangooncreeper Fruit, Turkey-galls, matrine according to described parts by weight, in water, soak after 2.5 hours, being warmed to 50 ℃ kept 30 minutes, the cellulase that adds (10 parts unit of activity is 200U) carries out enzymolysis then, the enzyme digestion reaction temperature is 30-50 ℃, the enzyme digestion reaction time is 2 hours, filters to obtain Chinese herbal medicine fluid; With 300 parts of 75% alcohol immersion 70min that add 10 times of weight of the described herbal liquid medicine that makes, be heated to 70 ℃ times and heat up in a steamer 45min, filter, collect extracting solution; Filter residue adds 70% ethanol of 5 times of weight again, is heated to 80 ℃ and returns and to heat up in a steamer 65min, filters, and collects extracting solution, and relative density is 1.6 medicinal extract when being evaporated to 65 ℃ through (0.08Mpa, 60 ℃), and spraying drying gets dry extract;
(4) inorganic fertilizer, trace element, tackiness agent, stablizer, surely imitate auxiliary agent, be dissolved in water mixing and stirring then respectively with dry extract in the step (3); And then mix with material that step (2) makes, stir;
(5) streptomyces aureus, bacillus thuringiensis are joined in the above-mentioned material according to described ratio, through fluidized-bed oven dry, temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, fineness 60 or 80 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 50-60 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.
Described streptomyces aureus originates from the true Bioisystech Co., Ltd in Shanghai, and enzymatic microorganism originates from the China Liaocheng branch office of biotechnology company limited of relieving, and bacillus thuringiensis is that the name of product that originates from Wuhan Nature is Bacillus thuringiensis.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) adding of streptomyces aureus, bacillus thuringiensis can effectively suppress the generation of romaine lettuce canker, and bacillus thuringiensis still is a kind of microbial source low toxic pesticide, can also kill off the insect pests in vegetative period, reduces the part insect pest.
(2) the present invention passes through fermentation by enzymatic microorganism to the waste liquid throw out, bacterium is bred in a large number, produce tropina, thereby the generation dynamics is very strong, render a service the very high water decomposition enzyme that adds, carrying out saccharification decomposition and amino acid at short notice decomposes, generate nutrition bases such as glucose, alcohol, amino acid, the hurried propagation of radioactive rays bacterium.Enzymatic microorganism can be decomposed the saccharification decomposition of waste liquid throw out and protein at short notice because its brute force adds the water decomposition effect, generates glucose, alcohol, amino acid etc., for beneficial microorganism provides best culture base-material; Simultaneously, complex microorganism can also kill the harmful bacterium in the soil.
(3) microbial fertilizer of the present invention's preparation can make the output of romaine lettuce dish, ascorbic content and ferro element all obtain increasing, and the reduction of the content of nitrate, and the quality of spinach is greatly enhanced.Agricultural chemicals seed dressing back seedling rate on average reaches 89.3%, and contrast treatment reaches conspicuous level, is 78.5% to the inhibiting rate of common disease; Of the present invention through the field simultaneous test, volume increase 22% all obtains positive effect, mainly shows as follows: contain and enrich organic matter and humic acid, can improve Soil structure, vegetable soil promotes soil to build up fertility.Reduce or the reduction crop pest with waiting other fertilizer ratio of nutrient, influence crop quality.Need not or reduce fertilizer amount, be beneficial to the protection environment.
Embodiment
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, thereby so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that protection scope of the present invention is made more explicit defining.
Embodiment 1
The organic microbial fertilizer of a kind of romaine lettuce, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: streptomyces aureus 4-7 part, bacillus thuringiensis 0.6-0.9 part, enzymatic microorganism 3-5 part, waste liquid throw out 900-1100 part, inorganic fertilizer 240-380 part, trace element 45-55 part, tackiness agent 25-32 part, stablizer 0.5-0.7 part, steady effect auxiliary agent 0.1-0.3 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, matrine 5-10 part.
Described waste liquid throw out derives from amino acid whose production processes such as Gourmet Powder Factory, Methionin factory.
Described inorganic fertilizer urea, primary ammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar mix with the weight ratio of 4-6:3-5:1-2.
Described micro-starting material are to be selected from zinc sulfate, borax, sal epsom, ferrous sulfate, calcium carbonate to mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1.
Described tackiness agent is clay.
Described stablizer is liquid barium/cadmium stabilizer.
Described steady effect auxiliary agent is epoxy soybean oil.
The preparation method of the microbial fertilizer of above-mentioned control romaine lettuce canker may further comprise the steps:
(1) the sedimentary processing of waste liquid: water content is carried out airing at 55% described waste liquid throw out
Or oven dry, making the moisture after the oven dry is 15%; The waste liquid throw out of oven dry is pulverized; The lime of adding 3% stirred back pack stacking more than two days in the powdery throw out, made pH reach 6;
(2) enzymatic microorganism and above-mentioned waste liquid throw out are stirred by described mixed, the open solid state fermentation of aerobic high-heat then, 60 ℃ of compost temperatures finish through fermentation in 7 days;
(3) plant-sourced extract preparation: get Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper, Root of Pubescent Holly, Stellera chamaejasme L., hops, Chinese prickly ash, ginkgo kind skin, Fructus Cnidii, Cortex Meliae, Rangooncreeper Fruit, Turkey-galls, matrine according to described parts by weight, in water, soak after 2.5 hours, being warmed to 50 ℃ kept 30 minutes, the cellulase that adds (10 parts unit of activity is 200U) carries out enzymolysis then, the enzyme digestion reaction temperature is 30-50 ℃, the enzyme digestion reaction time is 2 hours, filters to obtain Chinese herbal medicine fluid; With 300 parts of 75% alcohol immersion 70min that add 10 times of weight of the described herbal liquid medicine that makes, be heated to 70 ℃ times and heat up in a steamer 45min, filter, collect extracting solution; Filter residue adds 70% ethanol of 5 times of weight again, is heated to 80 ℃ and returns and to heat up in a steamer 65min, filters, and collects extracting solution, and relative density is 1.6 medicinal extract when being evaporated to 65 ℃ through (0.08Mpa, 60 ℃), and spraying drying gets dry extract;
(4) inorganic fertilizer, trace element, tackiness agent, stablizer, surely imitate auxiliary agent, be dissolved in water mixing and stirring then respectively with dry extract in the step (3); And then mix with material that step (2) makes, stir;
(5) streptomyces aureus, bacillus thuringiensis are joined in the above-mentioned material according to described ratio, through fluidized-bed oven dry, temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, fineness 60 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 50 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.
The process contrast is found, the microbial fertilizer of the present invention's preparation can make the output of romaine lettuce dish, ascorbic content and ferro element all obtain increasing, and the reduction of the content of nitrate, and the quality of spinach is greatly enhanced.Agricultural chemicals seed dressing back seedling rate on average reaches 89.3%, and contrast treatment reaches conspicuous level, is 78.5% to the inhibiting rate of common disease; Of the present invention through the field simultaneous test, volume increase 22% all obtains positive effect, mainly shows as follows: contain and enrich organic matter and humic acid, can improve Soil structure, vegetable soil promotes soil to build up fertility.Reduce or the reduction crop pest with waiting other fertilizer ratio of nutrient, influence crop quality.Need not or reduce fertilizer amount, be beneficial to the protection environment.
The above only is embodiments of the invention; be not so limit claim of the present invention; every equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.