CN103281265A - Pilot sequence structure in MIMO-OFDM/OQAM (Multi-input Multi-output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing/Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) system and channel estimation method - Google Patents
Pilot sequence structure in MIMO-OFDM/OQAM (Multi-input Multi-output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing/Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) system and channel estimation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pilot sequence structure in an MIMO-OFDM/OQAM (Multi-input Multi-output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing/Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) system and a channel estimation method. Different pilot sequences are adopted by different antennae, the pilot sequence of each antenna is composed of three segments of symbol sequences, the length of each symbol sequence accords with the number of subcarriers, wherein the first segment of symbol sequence and the third segment of symbol sequence are all-zero symbol sequences, pilot signals are arranged at equal intervals in the second segment of symbol sequence, the pilot signal positions of all the antennas are different, the symbols of the pilot signals are randomly chosen from a candidate symbol set, and the interval between the pilot signals is two times the number of the antennas. The channel estimation method put forward by the invention can be utilized to eliminate inter-symbol interference and inter-subcarrier interference caused by multipath interference, so that the accuracy of the channel estimation of the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system can be increased. Meanwhile, the pilot sequence structure decreases the peak-to-average power ratio of transmitted signals, and can meet the linear dynamic range of a radio frequency front-end high power amplifier and decrease the linearity requirement of the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system on the high power amplifier.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the channel estimation technique field in the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system, more specifically say, relate to pilot frequency sequence structure and channel estimation methods in a kind of MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system.
Background technology
In the existing communication technology, OFDM/OQAM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing/offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, OFDMA technology based on staggered quadrature amplitude modulation method) system becomes one of main candidate technologies of following mobile multimedia communication with its higher availability of frequency spectrum, good time-frequency focus characteristics.Its detailed introduction can referring to (Le Floch, M.Alard, and C.Berrou, " Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex, " Proceedings of the IEEE, vol.83, pp.982 – 996, June1995.).
The mathematic(al) representation of the transmission signal s (t) of OFDM/OQAM system is:
A wherein
M, nRepresent n the emission symbol m subcarrier on data, v
0And τ
0Expression OFDM/OQAM system subcarrier interval and transmission signal interval, g (t) is expressed as the mode filter function.Than traditional orthogonal frequency division multiplexi, the OFDM/OQAM system only satisfies strict orthogonality condition in real number field.
Present MIMO(Multi-input Multi-output, multiple-input and multiple-output) technology also becomes the emphasis of research, wherein based on VBLAST(Vertical Bell Labs layered Space-Time, structure during vertical bell laboratories layered space) mimo system of technology utilizes the associating between a plurality of transmitting antennas and the reception antenna, improved the power system capacity based on the MIMO technology effectively, see " V-BLAST:an architecture for realizing very high data rates over the rich-scattering wireless channel " for details, author Wolniansky, P.W, Foschini, G.J, Golden, G.D, Valenzuela, R.A is published in 1998URSI International Symposium on Systems, and Electronics.Become at present the main framework of the future broadband wireless communication systems that has more value in conjunction with the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system based on the mimo system of VBLAST technology and OFDM/OQAM technology.
Fig. 1 is based on transmitting terminal structure and the signal processing of the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system of VBLAST structure, and following steps are roughly arranged:
Step 1: with serial data stream input bit modulation module, according to system parameters serial data stream is modulated, such as quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) mode.
Step 2: the data flow after will modulating is by string and transfer process, and the transmitter architecture according to VBLAST is mapped to different data streams to the serial data of input then.
Step 3: respectively the data block head after each data stream modulates is added pilot frequency sequence, wherein pilot frequency sequence is used for the channel estimating of MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system.
Step 4: the data of adding behind the pilot frequency sequence are carried out the orthogonalization phase mapping according to formula (1).
Step 5: finish the IFFT conversion by the IFFT module by the data after the step 4.
Step 6: by the data after the step 5 by the formed filter group (such as expansion Gaussian filter group, Extended Gaussian Function, EGF) module is finished the molding filtration process.
Step 7: be mapped to different transmitting antennas by the different data streams after the step 6, then emission.
Fig. 2 is receiving terminal structure and the signal processing of MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system, and following steps are roughly arranged:
Step 1: different reception antennas are received signal carry out channel estimating respectively, thereby obtain the channel response between transmitting antenna and the reception antenna.Usually the data in the different data streams are finished the FFT conversion by the FFT module; To different data streams, utilizing separately, pilot frequency sequence extracts corresponding channel information then.
Step 2: the channel information that utilizes step 1 to obtain, eliminate the multipath interference to the influence of OFDM/OQAM system by equalizer; And finish the demodulation of different data streams according to OFDM/OQAM system demodulating process.
Step 3: suppress and detection module disturbing through the input of the data after step 2 VBLAST system conventional, output is through disturbing the data after eliminating.
Step 4: to carrying out the QAM demodulation by the data after the step 3 in the different data streams, export the data bit information after the demodulation at last.
For for the ofdm system in complex field space, CP-OFDM(OFDM with Cyclic Prefix, add the ofdm system of prefix) eliminate intersymbol interference by adding prefix, therefore traditional MIMO-OFDM system can carry out channel estimating by a simple row training sequence (being listed as complete 1 sequence such as 1).Yet for the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system of real number field orthogonality condition, the plural characteristic of multidiameter fading channel can be destroyed OFDM/OQAM system orthogonal property, therefore the signal that receives of receiving front-end just exists between intersymbol interference and subcarrier and disturbs, need design a kind of pilot signal sequence and channel estimation methods at MIMO-OFDM/OQAM real number field orthogonal property, eliminate between intersymbol interference and subcarrier and disturb.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, pilot frequency sequence structure and channel estimation methods in a kind of MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system be provided.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes the pilot frequency sequence structure in a kind of MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system, it is characterized in that comprising:
The transmitting terminal antenna amount is designated as N in the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system, and the pilot frequency sequence of every antenna is made up of three sections symbol sebolic addressings, and the symbol numbers of every section symbol sebolic addressing is M, and M is MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system sub-carriers number; N, n=1,2,, in the pilot frequency sequence of N root antenna, first section symbol sebolic addressing and the 3rd section symbol sebolic addressing are full nil symbol sequence, the 2n-1+2kN of second section symbol sebolic addressing≤M, k=0,1,2, individual symbol is picked at random from alternative assemble of symbol Q, namely as the pilot signal of receiving terminal channel estimating, wherein alternative assemble of symbol Q is the data acquisition system of choosing according to actual conditions to this symbol, and all the other symbols of second section symbol sebolic addressing are zero.
Wherein, alternative assemble of symbol Q can for 1 ,-1} or for having the complex signal set of permanent mould.
Channel estimation methods based on pilot frequency sequence structure is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1), all preserve or produce the pilot frequency sequence of structure of the present invention at MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, namely the pilot frequency sequence of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal is identical;
(2), the different antennae of MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system receiving terminal exports the signal that receives respectively, becomes different data flow, respectively different data flow is handled according to the processing method of OFDM/OQAM system;
(3), the extracting data after handling through steps (2) from different data flow goes out the pilot reference signal of transmitting antenna correspondence, the particular location of MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system transmitting terminal known pilot signal in the temporal frequency dimension, receiving terminal extracts the data of relevant position from pilot reference signal, obtain the channel response on the pilot frequency locations;
(4), to different data streams through the channel response on the pilot frequency locations that obtains of step (3), estimate that according to linear interpolation mode carries out channel estimating to all the other pilot sub-carrier positions, thereby obtain the full detail of each data flow channel estimation sequence;
(5), utilize the full detail of the channel estimation sequence that each data flow obtains, thereby receiving terminal equilibrium compensation to received signal multipath channel is to sending the influence of signal, each data flow is finished the demodulation of information symbol level according to OFDM/OQAM system demodulating process then;
(6), the data after step (5) demodulation are input in the Interference Cancellation and detection module in the VBLAST structure, thereby eliminate interference between many antennas, the valid data after suppressing are disturbed in output;
(7), valid data input QAM demodulation module that step (6) is obtained, then by and string convert the output of significant bit information.
Pilot frequency sequence structure and channel estimation methods in the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM of the present invention system, different antennae adopts different pilot frequency sequences, the pilot frequency sequence of every antenna is made up of three sections symbol sebolic addressings, every section symbol sebolic addressing length is consistent with number of sub carrier wave, wherein first section is full nil symbol sequence with the 3rd section symbol sebolic addressing, second section symbol sebolic addressing be the placing pilots signal uniformly-spaced, the pilot positions of every antenna has nothing in common with each other, the symbol of pilot signal is picked at random from alternative assemble of symbol, and pilot signal is spaced apart the twice of number of antennas.Because first section is full null sequence with the 3rd section symbol sebolic addressing, can effectively eliminate the channel multi-path interference effect, pilot signal in second section symbol sebolic addressing is the symbol of picked at random, can reduce the correlation that transmits and the peak-to-average power ratio that transmits, so the present invention can satisfy radio-frequency front-end high power amplifier linear dynamic range, thereby reduce the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system to the linear requirement of high power amplifier.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on transmitting terminal structure and the signal processing of the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system of VBLAST structure;
Fig. 2 is receiving terminal structure and the signal processing of MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system;
Fig. 3 is the pilot frequency sequence structure schematic diagram in the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM of the present invention system;
Fig. 4 is an embodiment schematic diagram of the pilot frequency sequence structure in the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM of the present invention system;
1 in MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system first transmit antennas among the present invention, first section symbol sebolic addressing in the pilot frequency sequence that transmitting terminal produces; 2 in MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system first transmit antennas among the present invention, second section symbol sebolic addressing in the pilot frequency sequence that transmitting terminal produces; 3 in MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system first transmit antennas among the present invention, the 3rd section symbol sebolic addressing in the pilot frequency sequence that transmitting terminal produces;
4 in MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system second transmit antennas among the present invention, first section symbol sebolic addressing in the pilot frequency sequence that transmitting terminal produces; 5 in MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system second transmit antennas among the present invention, second section symbol sebolic addressing in the pilot frequency sequence that transmitting terminal produces; 6 in MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system second transmit antennas among the present invention, the 3rd section symbol sebolic addressing in the pilot frequency sequence that transmitting terminal produces;
7 is in the one embodiment of the invention in MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system first transmit antennas, first section symbol sebolic addressing in the pilot frequency sequence that transmitting terminal produces; 8 is in the one embodiment of the invention: in MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system first transmit antennas, and second section symbol sebolic addressing in the pilot frequency sequence that transmitting terminal produces; 9 is in the one embodiment of the invention in MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system first transmit antennas, the 3rd section symbol sebolic addressing in the pilot frequency sequence that transmitting terminal produces;
10 is in the one embodiment of the invention: in MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system second transmit antennas, and first section symbol sebolic addressing in the pilot frequency sequence that transmitting terminal produces; 11 is in the one embodiment of the invention in MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system second transmit antennas, second section symbol sebolic addressing in the pilot frequency sequence that transmitting terminal produces; 12 is in the one embodiment of the invention in MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system second transmit antennas, the 3rd section symbol sebolic addressing in the pilot frequency sequence that transmitting terminal produces.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described, so that those skilled in the art understands the present invention better.What need point out especially is that in the following description, when perhaps the detailed description of known function and design can desalinate main contents of the present invention, these were described in here and will be left in the basket.
Fig. 3 is the pilot frequency sequence structure schematic diagram in the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM of the present invention system.Shown in Fig. 3, pilot frequency sequence structure in the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM of the present invention system is according to the difference of transmitting antenna and difference, the pilot frequency sequence of every antenna is made up of three sections symbol sebolic addressings, and the symbol numbers of every section symbol sebolic addressing is M, and M is MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system sub-carriers number; For n, n=1,2, the N transmit antennas, wherein N is transmitting terminal antenna amount in the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system, first section symbol sebolic addressing and the 3rd section symbol sebolic addressing are full nil symbol sequence in its pilot frequency sequence, the 2n-1+2kN of second section symbol sebolic addressing≤M, k=0,1,2 ... individual symbol is picked at random from alternative assemble of symbol Q, and this symbol is namely as the pilot signal of receiving terminal to transmitting antenna n channel estimating, the data acquisition system chosen according to actual conditions of alternative assemble of symbol Q wherein, all the other symbols of second section symbol sebolic addressing are zero.Adopt data to be used as pilot signal, can make the present invention have the computing of data.
As shown in Figure 3, number of transmission antennas is N=2 in the present embodiment, alternative assemble of symbol Q={a
1,1, a
1,2, a
1,3..., a
1, X, a
2,1, a
2,2, a
2,3..., a
2, X, X determines according to actual conditions.In the pilot frequency sequence of transmitting antenna 1 correspondence, first section symbol sebolic addressing 1 and the 3rd section symbol sebolic addressing 3 are complete zero, in second section symbol sebolic addressing 2, work as k=0,1,2 ..., 2n-1+2kN=1,5,9 ..., the 1st symbol is a from alternative assemble of symbol Q picked at random
1,1, the 5th symbol is a from alternative assemble of symbol Q picked at random
1,2, the 9th symbol is a from alternative assemble of symbol Q picked at random
1,3, by that analogy, all the other symbols are zero.In second section symbol sebolic addressing 2 the 1st, 5,9 ... individual symbol is namely as the pilot signal of receiving terminal to transmitting antenna 1 channel estimating.In the pilot frequency sequence of transmitting antenna 2 correspondences, first section symbol sebolic addressing 4 and the 3rd section symbol sebolic addressing 6 are complete zero, in second section symbol sebolic addressing 5, work as k=0,1,2 ..., 2n-1+2kN=3,7,11 ..., the 3rd symbol is a from alternative assemble of symbol Q picked at random
2,1, the 7th symbol is a from alternative assemble of symbol Q picked at random
2,2, the 11st symbol is a from alternative assemble of symbol Q picked at random
2,3, by that analogy, all the other symbols are zero.In second section symbol sebolic addressing 5 the 3rd, 7,11 ... individual symbol is namely as the pilot signal of receiving terminal to transmitting antenna 2 channel estimating.
Pilot frequency sequence structure in the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM of the present invention system is applied to the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system, and the method for carrying out channel estimating comprises:
Step 1: MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system transmitting terminal and receiving terminal is all preserved or directly generate as shown in Figure 3 transmitting antenna 1 and the pilot frequency sequence of transmitting antenna 2, namely the pilot frequency sequence of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal is identical.
The different antennae of step 2:MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system receiving terminal is exported the signal that receives respectively, becomes different data flow, respectively different data flow is handled according to the processing method of OFDM/OQAM system.Detailed process comprises: at first with after the signal reception and being processed into digital signal, by matched filter filtering, the FFT conversion receives etc. synchronously.
Step 3: the extracting data after handling through steps 2 from different data flow goes out the pilot reference signal of transmitting antenna correspondence, the particular location of MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system transmitting terminal known pilot signal in the temporal frequency dimension, receiving terminal extracts the data of relevant position from pilot reference signal, obtain the channel response on the pilot frequency locations.
Step 4: the channel response on the pilot frequency locations that different data streams is obtained through step 3, estimate that according to linear interpolation mode carries out channel estimating to all the other pilot sub-carrier positions, thereby obtain the full detail of each data flow channel estimation sequence.
Step 5: the full detail that utilizes the channel estimation sequence that each data flow obtains, thereby receiving terminal equilibrium compensation to received signal multipath channel is to sending the influence of signal, each data flow is finished the demodulation of information symbol level according to OFDM/OQAM system demodulating process then.
Step 6: the data after step 5 demodulation are input in the Interference Cancellation and detection module in the VBLAST structure, thereby eliminate interference between many antennas, the valid data after suppressing are disturbed in output; ,
Step 7: the valid data that step 6 obtains are imported the QAM demodulation module, then by also going here and there the output that converts significant bit information.
Embodiment
Fig. 4 is an embodiment schematic diagram of the pilot frequency sequence structure in the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM of the present invention system.As shown in Figure 4, number of transmission antennas is N=2 in the present embodiment.Generally speaking, alternative assemble of symbol Q can adopt 1 ,-1} or have the complex signal set of permanent mould, alternative assemble of symbol Q={1 in the present embodiment ,-1}.In the pilot frequency sequence of transmitting antenna 1 correspondence, first section symbol sebolic addressing 7 and the 3rd section symbol sebolic addressing 9 are complete zero, in second section symbol sebolic addressing 8, and the 1st symbol a
1,1The=1,5th symbol a
1,2The=-1, the 9th symbol a
1,3=-1, by that analogy, all the other symbols are zero.In second section symbol sebolic addressing 8 the 1st, 5,9 ... individual symbol is namely as the pilot signal of receiving terminal to transmitting antenna 1 channel estimating.In the pilot frequency sequence of transmitting antenna 2 correspondences, first section symbol sebolic addressing 10 and the 3rd section symbol sebolic addressing 12 are complete zero, in second section symbol sebolic addressing 11, and the 3rd symbol a
2,1The=-1, the 7th symbol is a
2,2The=1,11st symbol a
2,3=-1, by that analogy, all the other symbols are zero.In second section symbol sebolic addressing 11 the 3rd, 7,11 ... individual symbol is namely as the pilot signal of receiving terminal to transmitting antenna 2 channel estimating.
Although above the illustrative embodiment of the present invention is described; so that those skilled in the art understand the present invention; but should be clear; the invention is not restricted to the scope of embodiment; to those skilled in the art; as long as various variations appended claim limit and the spirit and scope of the present invention determined in, these variations are apparent, all utilize innovation and creation that the present invention conceives all at the row of protection.
Claims (4)
1. the pilot frequency sequence structure in the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system is characterized in that:
The transmitting terminal antenna amount is designated as N in the MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system, and the pilot frequency sequence of every antenna is made up of three sections symbol sebolic addressings, and the symbol numbers of every section symbol sebolic addressing is M, and M is MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system sub-carriers number; N, n=1,2,, in the pilot frequency sequence of N transmit antennas, first section symbol sebolic addressing and the 3rd section symbol sebolic addressing are full nil symbol sequence, the 2n-1+2kN of second section symbol sebolic addressing≤M, k=0,1,2, individual symbol is picked at random from alternative assemble of symbol Q, this symbol is namely as the pilot signal of receiving terminal to transmitting antenna n channel estimating, and wherein alternative assemble of symbol Q is the data acquisition system of choosing according to actual conditions, and all the other symbols of second section symbol sebolic addressing are zero.
2. pilot frequency sequence structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described alternative assemble of symbol Q be 1 ,-1}.
3. pilot frequency sequence structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described alternative assemble of symbol Q is the complex signal set with permanent mould.
4. based on the channel estimation methods of the described pilot frequency sequence structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1), all preserves or produces the described pilot frequency sequence of claim 1 at MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system transmitting terminal and receiving terminal;
(2), the different antennae of MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system receiving terminal exports the signal that receives respectively, becomes different data flow, respectively different data flow is handled according to the processing method of OFDM/OQAM system;
(3), the extracting data after handling through steps (2) from different data flow goes out the pilot reference signal of transmitting antenna correspondence, the particular location of MIMO-OFDM/OQAM system transmitting terminal known pilot signal in the temporal frequency dimension, receiving terminal extracts the data of relevant position from pilot reference signal, obtain the channel response on the pilot frequency locations;
(4), to different data streams through the channel response on the pilot frequency locations that obtains of step (3), estimate that according to linear interpolation mode carries out channel estimating to all the other pilot sub-carrier positions, thereby obtain the full detail of each data flow channel estimation sequence;
(5), utilize the full detail of the channel estimation sequence that each data flow obtains, thereby receiving terminal equilibrium compensation to received signal multipath channel is to sending the influence of signal, each data flow is finished the demodulation of information symbol level according to OFDM/OQAM system demodulating process then;
(6), the data after step (5) demodulation are input in the Interference Cancellation and detection module in the VBLAST structure, thereby eliminate interference between many antennas, the valid data after suppressing are disturbed in output;
(7), valid data input QAM demodulation module that step (6) is obtained, then by and string convert the output of significant bit information.
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| CN108650005A (en) * | 2018-05-19 | 2018-10-12 | 宜春学院 | A kind of pilot configuration and channel estimation methods in MIMO-FBMC/OQAM systems |
| CN108650005B (en) * | 2018-05-19 | 2023-11-14 | 宜春学院 | Pilot structure and channel estimation method for MIMO-FBMC/OQAM system |
| CN110808936A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-02-18 | 黎光洁 | Method and device for sending downlink signal |
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