CN103278824B - Deformation monitoring method based on pseudo satellite - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a deformation monitoring method based on a pseudo satellite, and belongs to the technical field of building deformation monitoring. According to the method, a ground pseudo satellite system is arranged to monitor observation points on a building; a reference base station in the pseudo satellite is used for launching benchmark spread spectrum signals, other pseudo satellites receive the benchmark spread spectrum signals coming from the reference base station, delay and amplify the signals and transmit the signals to the observation points; the observation points receive the signals coming from the reference base station and the other pseudo satellites and restore pseudo-random code signals of the reference base station, correlation operation is carried out on the pseudo-random code signals and received multi-path mixing spread spectrum signals, carrier signals of the reference base station are restored, the pseudo-random code signals are delayed respectively, then, the correction operation is carried out on the pseudo-random code signals and the multi-path mixing spread spectrum signals, and carrier signals of the other pseudo satellites are restored; three-dimension deformation of the observation points is calculated through the changing of a phase difference of the signals. According to the method, a system is free of a clock synchronization network, the circuit structure is simple, the pseudo satellites can be arranged optimally, and the measurement precision is high.

Description

Based on the deformation monitoring method of pseudo satellite, pseudolite

Technical field

The invention belongs to building deformation monitoring technical field, relate to a kind of deformation monitoring method based on pseudo satellite, pseudolite.

Background technology

Can under the influence at various factors at occurring in nature buildings, its shape, size, position can change in time domain space, as the swing of high-rise, dam deformation etc.And when deflection exceedes the allowed band that deformable body can bear, then bring serious disaster can to the productive life of the mankind.Therefore deformation monitoring carries out to object significant.

In building deformation monitoring technology, traditional method mainly contains ground observation monitoring technology, and it is mainly with longitude and latitude, total powerstation, and the Geodetic Techniques such as spirit-leveling instrument are main, but not easily realize robotization, measures efficiency low.Along with broad development and the application of GPS GPS, also bring a deepgoing revolution to technology for deformation monitoring.GPS deformation monitoring method mainly has the following advantages: precision is high, monitoring can not carry out round-the-clock monitoring by weather condition restriction, and monitoring record computation process automatically completes, ensure that objectivity and the reliability of Monitoring Result, additionally reduce the labour intensity of monitoring personnel simultaneously.But GPS deformation monitoring method is by the impact of some factor itself, and measuring error is in vertical direction generally 2 ~ 3 times of horizontal direction; And cover serious region at hydroelectric project deep mountain valleys etc., GPS measuring accuracy can decline rapidly, cannot measure even completely.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of deformation monitoring method based on pseudo satellite, pseudolite, the method pseudo satellite, pseudolite replaces the satellite in GPS to realize building deformation monitoring, the advantage of GPS deformation monitoring method can not only be inherited, the shortcoming that it is covering critical regions and cannot monitor can be overcome simultaneously, realize high accuracy three-dimensional monitoring.

For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:

Form ground pseudolite systems by 4 pseudo satellite, pseudolites, wherein a conduct is with reference to base station, and reference base station launches the benchmark modulated spread spectrum signal of the different carrier frequencies of same pseudo-code modulation, its circuit comprises pseudo-code generator, local oscillator, spread-spectrum modulation circuit, up-converter circuit, bandwidth-limited circuit, power amplification circuits etc., produce the benchmark modulated spread spectrum signal that 2 tunnel frequencies are different, go out through transmission antennas transmit, one tunnel is only sent to observation station, and another road is sent to observation station and other 3 pseudo satellite, pseudolites.

3 pseudo satellite, pseudolite receptions, from the accurate modulated spread spectrum signal of a wherein roadbed of reference base station, are transmitted to observation station after delayed amplification process.Amplifying circuit is used for the near-far interference in elimination system, and delay circuit is greater than a chip width, mutually to distinguish for the pseudo-code phase difference of each road modulated spread spectrum signal making observation station receive.Delay circuit has two kinds of implementation methods, realizes coherent transponding respectively at radio frequency and frequency position; Radio frequency coherent transponding delay circuit can use surface acoustic wave line or fibre delay line circuit realiration; Intermediate frequency coherent transponding can use digital RF memory technology to realize.

Observation station receives the signal from reference base station and other 3 pseudo satellite, pseudolites, through carrier recovery circuit, pseudo-code restoring circuit, it is poor that coherently despreading circuit and phase detector calculate any carrier signal phase between pseudo satellite, pseudolite and reference base station, then utilize these phase differential to calculate 3 dimension deformation of observation station by system of linear equations.

Specifically, the invention provides a kind of deformation monitoring method based on pseudo satellite, pseudolite, comprise the following steps: step one: a pseudo satellite, pseudolite is set as with reference to base station, other three pseudo satellite, pseudolites is set and forms ground pseudolite systems with as the pseudo satellite, pseudolite with reference to base station; Step 2: observation station is set on monitored buildings; Step 3: by reference to Base Transmitter benchmark spread-spectrum signal, the benchmark spread-spectrum signal that other pseudo satellite, pseudolite receives from reference base station carries out postponing, amplifying and forward to observation station; Step 4: the observation station on monitored buildings receives the signal from reference base station and other pseudo satellite, pseudolites, first recover the pseudo-random code signal of reference base station, this pseudo-random code and the multichannel hybrid spread spectrum signal received are carried out related calculation, recovers the carrier signal C of reference base station _r, after pseudo-random code is postponed respectively, then carry out related calculation with multichannel hybrid spread spectrum signal, recover the carrier signal C of other 3 pseudo satellite, pseudolites ₁, C ₂, C ₃; Phase detector group is used to monitor out C ₁, C ₂, C ₃with C _rbetween phase differential, calculated the three-dimensional deformation of observation station by the change of these phase differential.

Further, in step 3, by the two-way benchmark spread-spectrum signal launching the different carrier frequencies that same pseudo-code is modulated as the pseudo satellite, pseudolite with reference to base station, frequency is respectively f _rF1and f _rF2, its medium frequency is f _rF1benchmark spread-spectrum signal be used for observation station recover pseudo-code signal, the frequency that other three pseudo satellite, pseudolites receive only from reference base station is f _rF2benchmark spread-spectrum signal carry out delay amplify be transmitted to observation station again.

Further, in step 4, observation station receives the signal from reference base station and other 3 pseudo satellite, pseudolites, obtains the phase differential of any carrier signal between pseudo satellite, pseudolite and reference base station, then utilize phasometer to calculate the three-dimensional deformation of observation station by system of linear equations after process calculates.

Further, the circuit of reference base station described in step comprises: pn code generator, oscillator 1, oscillator 2, frequency mixer, bandpass filter, power amplifier and emitting antenna; The intermediate frequency carrier that the pseudo-code produced by pn code generator and oscillator 1 produce carries out spread spectrum, and generate spread-spectrum signal, then carry out mixing with oscillator 2, after bandpass filtering and power amplification, frequency is f _rF1spread-spectrum signal by emitting antenna radiation to observation station, frequency is f _rF2spread-spectrum signal by emitting antenna radiation to observation station and other three pseudo satellite, pseudolites.

Further, the circuit of observation station described in step comprises: low noise amplifier, bandpass filter, carrier recovery circuit, pseudo-code restoring circuit, delay cell, coherently despreading circuit, phase detector and Deformation calculation circuit; The signal that observation station receives is respectively through after amplification, filtering, calculate any phase differential between pseudo satellite, pseudolite and reference base station through carrier recovery circuit, pseudo-code restoring circuit, delay cell, coherently despreading circuit and phase detector, then gone out the three-dimensional deformation of observation station by Deformation calculation circuit counting.

Further, pseudo satellite, pseudolite circuit beyond reference base station described in step comprises delay circuit and amplifying circuit, amplifying circuit is used for the near-far interference in elimination system, and delay circuit is greater than a chip width for the pseudo-code phase difference of each road modulated spread spectrum signal making observation station receive.

Further, described delay circuit adopts the form based on direct radio frequency coherent transponding to realize postponing; Use receiving antenna to receive and come from the frequency of reference base station for f _rF2benchmark spread-spectrum signal, then postpone through delay line, making to arrive 4 tunnel frequencies of observation station is f _rF2spread-spectrum signal difference at least more than a chip width.

Further, described delay circuit adopts the form realization delay carrying out coherent transponding based on intermediate frequency; Use receiving antenna to receive and come from the frequency of reference base station for f _rF2benchmark spread-spectrum signal, then by lower frequency changer circuit, this signal is transformed to intermediate-freuqncy signal, after intermediate frequency amplifies and carries out AD conversion, use digital RF memory technology DRFM by this signal delay a period of time, give DA transducer and be converted to analog if signal, after intermediate frequency amplifies, use same local oscillator to carry out mixing, up-convert to same frequency f _rF2modulated spread spectrum signal, then after power amplification, by antenna transmission to observation station.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the method for the invention in use can avoid complicated clock synchronization circuit, acquiring pseudo code and track loop, simultaneously under the prerequisite ensureing measuring accuracy, pseudo satellite, pseudolite circuit in the present invention have also been obtained simplification, utilizes this method can realize carrying out precise monitoring to building deformation.

Accompanying drawing explanation

In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly, the invention provides following accompanying drawing and being described:

Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of this method;

Fig. 2 is pseudolite systems one-piece construction figure;

Fig. 3 is reference base station circuit diagram;

Fig. 4 is the pseudo satellite, pseudolite circuit structure block diagram carrying out coherent transponding at radio frequency;

Fig. 5 is the pseudo satellite, pseudolite circuit structure block diagram carrying out coherent transponding at intermediate frequency;

Fig. 6 is observation station circuit diagram.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of this method, and as shown in the figure, this method comprises 4 steps, step one: arrange a pseudo satellite, pseudolite as with reference to base station, arrange other three pseudo satellite, pseudolites and form ground pseudolite systems with as the pseudo satellite, pseudolite with reference to base station; Step 2: observation station is set on monitored buildings; Step 3: by reference to Base Transmitter benchmark spread-spectrum signal, the benchmark spread-spectrum signal that other pseudo satellite, pseudolite receives from reference base station carries out postponing, amplifying and forward to observation station; Step 4: the observation station on monitored buildings receives the signal from reference base station and other pseudo satellite, pseudolites, first recover the pseudo-random code signal of reference base station, this pseudo-random code and the multichannel hybrid spread spectrum signal received are carried out related calculation, recovers the carrier signal C of reference base station _r, after pseudo-random code is postponed respectively, then carry out related calculation with multichannel hybrid spread spectrum signal, recover the carrier signal C of other 3 pseudo satellite, pseudolites ₁, C ₂, C ₃; Phase detector group is used to monitor out C ₁, C ₂, C ₃with C _rbetween phase differential, calculated the three-dimensional deformation of observation station by the change of these phase differential.

Fig. 2 is pseudolite systems one-piece construction figure, and reference base station transmission frequency is respectively f _rF1, f _rF2radio Spread Spectrum signal, wherein f _rF2spread-spectrum signal received by 3 pseudo satellite, pseudolites, forward again through certain process, observation station receive from reference base station and the signal through 3 pseudo satellite, pseudolite process.

Fig. 3 is reference base station circuit diagram, and as shown in the figure, reference base station circuit comprises pn code generator, oscillator,

Frequency mixer, bandpass filter, power amplifier, emitting antenna etc.The intermediate frequency carrier that the pseudo-code produced by pn code generator and oscillator 1 produce carries out spread spectrum, and generate spread-spectrum signal, then carry out mixing with oscillator 2, after bandpass filtering and power amplification, frequency is f _rF1spread-spectrum signal by emitting antenna radiation to observation station, frequency is f _rF2spread-spectrum signal by emitting antenna radiation to observation station and other three pseudo satellite, pseudolites; The accurate spread-spectrum signal of this 2 roadbed is s _{r_RF1}(t) and s _{r_RF2}(t):

s _{r_RF1}(t)=A _{r_RF1}·pn(t)·cos(2πf _RF1t) （1）

s _{r_RF2}(t)=A _{r_RF2}·pn(t)·cos(2πf _RF2t) （2）

Wherein A _{r_RF1}, A _{r_RF2}the amplitude of representation signal respectively, pn (t) is the spreading code produced.

Fig. 4 is the pseudo satellite, pseudolite circuit structure block diagram carrying out coherent transponding at radio frequency, and it is f that pseudo satellite, pseudolite receives from reference base station frequency _rF2signal after, through the amplitude of amplifier adjustment signal with the near-far interference in elimination system, then the pseudo-code of the signal every pseudo satellite, pseudolite being received through lag line is greater than a chip, mutually to distinguish.

The spread-spectrum signal coming from reference base station that i-th pseudo satellite, pseudolite receives is:

$s_{\mathrm{ri}\_\mathrm{RF}2}\left(t\right)=A_{r\_\mathrm{RF}2}\·{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{ri}}\·\mathrm{pn}(t-\frac{r_{\mathrm{ri}}}{c})\·\cos \left({2\mathrm{\πf}}_{\mathrm{RF}2}(t-\frac{r_{\mathrm{ri}}}{c})\right)$

（3）

After delayed amplification transmit for:

$s_{\mathrm{ri}\_\mathrm{RF}2}\left(t\right)=A_{r\_\mathrm{RF}2}\·{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{ri}}\·{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{ii}}\·\mathrm{pn}(t-\frac{r_{\mathrm{ri}}}{c}-{\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{ii}})\·\cos \left(2\mathrm{\π}{f}_{\mathrm{RF}2}(t-\frac{r_{\mathrm{ri}}}{c}-{\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{ii}})\right)$

（4）

Wherein c represents propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave, ρ _rirepresent because signal propagates the signal amplitude decay caused, ρ _iirepresent the amplifier gain of i-th pseudo satellite, pseudolite, r _rirepresent the distance between reference base station and i-th pseudo satellite, pseudolite, τ _iirepresent the time that the lag line of i-th pseudo satellite, pseudolite postpones.

Fig. 5 is the pseudo satellite, pseudolite circuit structure block diagram carrying out coherent transponding at intermediate frequency, as shown in the figure, comprise lower frequency changer circuit, intermediate frequency amplifier circuit, AD (Analog-Digital) changes, DRFM (DigitalRadioFrequencyMemory), DA (Digital-Analog) change, up-converter circuit etc.It is f that receiving antenna receives from reference base station frequency _rF2benchmark spread-spectrum signal, intermediate-freuqncy signal is become through frequency down-converts, after intermediate frequency amplifies and carries out AD conversion, use digital RF memory technology by this signal delay a period of time, give DA (Digital-Analog) transducer and be converted to analog if signal, after intermediate frequency amplifies, use same local oscillator to carry out mixing, up-convert to same frequency f _rF2modulated spread spectrum signal, then after power amplification, by antenna transmission to observation station.

Fig. 6 is observation station circuit diagram, and observation station circuit comprises low noise amplifier, bandpass filter, carrier recovery circuit, pseudo-code restoring circuit, delay cell, coherently despreading circuit, phase detector, Deformation calculation circuit etc.The modulated spread spectrum signal from reference base station that observation station receives is:

s _{rt_RF1}(t)=A _{r_RF1}·ρ _rt·pn(t-τ _rt)·cos(2πf _RF1(t-τ _rt))=A _{r_RF1}·ρ _rt·pn(t-τ _rt)·cos(2πf _RF1t+Φ _{rt_RF1}) (5)

s _{rt_RF2}(t)=A _{r_RF2}·ρ _rt·pn(t-τ _rt)·cos(2πf _RF2(t-τ _rt))=A _{r_RF2}·ρ _rt·pn(t-τ _rt)·cos(2πf _RF2t+Φ _{rt_RF2})

(6)

The modulated spread spectrum signal of what observation station received come from i-th pseudo satellite, pseudolite is:

$s_{\mathrm{rit}\_\mathrm{RF}2}\left(t\right)=A_{r\_\mathrm{RF}2}\·{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{ri}}\·{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{ii}}\·{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{it}}\·\mathrm{pn}(t-\frac{r_{\mathrm{ri}}}{c}-{\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{ii}}-\frac{r_{\mathrm{it}}}{c})\·\cos ({2\mathrm{\πf}}_{\mathrm{RF}2}(t-\frac{r_{\mathrm{ri}}}{c}-{\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{ii}}-$

$\frac{r_{\mathrm{it}}}{c}\left)\right)---\left(7\right)$

Wherein, ρ _rtrepresent the amplitude fading amount that signal is introduced to the propagation of observation station by reference base station, ρ _itrepresent the amplitude fading amount that signal is introduced to the propagation of observation station by i-th pseudo satellite, pseudolite, r _itrepresent i-th distance between pseudo satellite, pseudolite and observation station.

Definition signal from reference base station through i-th pseudo satellite, pseudolite to observation station signal amplitude full gain is:

ρ _rit=ρ _riρ _iiρ _it; T.T., retardation was: corresponding phase place is:

Φ _{rot_RF2}=-2πf _RF2·τ _rit。

The hybrid radio frequency signal s that observation station receives _{rm_RF}(t) be:

$s_{\mathrm{rm}\_\mathrm{RF}}\left(t\right)=s_{\mathrm{rt}\_\mathrm{RF}1}\left(t\right)+s_{\mathrm{rt}\_\mathrm{RF}2}\left(t\right)+{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{i=1}^3{s}_{\mathrm{rit}\_\mathrm{RF}2}\left(t\right)---\left(8\right)$

By this hybrid radio frequency signal respectively by two-way radio-frequency front-end, down-convert to 2 tunnel intermediate-freuqncy signals:

s _{rm_If1}(t)=A _{r_RF1}·ρ _rt·pn(t-τ _rt)·cos(2πf _IF1t+Φ _{rt_RF1}) (9)

$s_{\mathrm{rm}\_\mathrm{IF}2}\left(t\right)=s_{\mathrm{rt}\_\mathrm{IF}2}\left(t\right)+{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{i=1}^3{s}_{\mathrm{rit}\_\mathrm{IF}2}\left(t\right)---\left(10\right)$

Wherein:

s _{rt_IF2}(t)=A _{r_IF2}·ρ _rt·pn(t-τ _rt)·cos(2πf _IF2t+Φ _{rt_RF2})

(11)

s _{rit_IF2}(t)=Ar _{_RF2}·ρ _rit·pn(t-τ _rit)·cos(2πf _IF2t+Φ _{rit_RF2}) (12)

Use carrier loop (quadratic loop or phase-locked loop), obtain the intercarrier signal be concerned with:

s _{c_IF1}(t)=cos(2πf _IF1t+Φ _{rt_RF1}) (13)

Use this coherent carrier signal, frequency, demodulation frequency is f _iF1intermediate frequency modulated spread spectrum signal s _{rt_IF1}t (), recovers the pseudo-code signal pn of reference base station _r(t)=pn (t-τ _rt).

Use this pseudo-code signal pn _r(t) and intermediate-freuqncy signal s _{rm_IF2}t () does coherently despreading computing, the frequency recovering reference base station is f _iF2intercarrier signal:

s _{rt_IF2}(t)=cos(2πf _IF2t+Φ _{rt_RF2}) (14)

By this pseudo-code signal pn _rt () postpones certain hour (τ _rit-τ _rt), obtain the pseudo-code signal pn of i-th pseudo satellite, pseudolite _i(t)=pn _r(t-τ _rit), by this pseudo-code signal pn _i(t) and intermediate-freuqncy signal s _{rm_IF2}t () does coherently despreading computing, the frequency recovering i-th pseudo satellite, pseudolite is f _iF2intercarrier signal:

s _{rit_IF2}(t)=cos(2πf _IF2t+Φ _{rit_RF2}) (15)

Phase detector is used to calculate the phase differential come between reference base station and i-th pseudo satellite, pseudolite:

ΔΦ _ri=Φ _{rt_RF2}-Φ _{rit_RF2}(16)

The variable quantity defining the phase differential of twice measurement is:

$\mathrm{\Δ}{\mathrm{\Θ}}_{\mathrm{ri}}^{\left(d\right)}=\mathrm{\Δ}{\mathrm{\Φ}}_{\mathrm{ri}}\left(t_k\right)-\mathrm{\Δ}{\mathrm{\Φ}}_{\mathrm{ri}}\left(t_{k=1}\right)=({\mathrm{\Φ}}_{{\mathrm{rt}}_{\mathrm{RF}2}}\left(t_k\right)-{\mathrm{\Φ}}_{{\mathrm{rt}}_{\mathrm{RF}2}}\left(t_{k+1}\right))+({\mathrm{\Φ}}_{{\mathrm{rit}}_{\mathrm{RF}2}}\left(t_k\right)-{\mathrm{\Φ}}_{{\mathrm{rit}}_{\mathrm{RF}2}}\left(t_{k+1}\right))$

(17)

$\mathrm{\Δ}{\mathrm{\Θ}}_{\mathrm{ri}}^{\left(d\right)}=\frac{2\mathrm{\π}}{\mathrm{\λ}}({\mathrm{\Δr}}_{\mathrm{rt}}-{\mathrm{\Δr}}_{\mathrm{rit}})=\frac{2\mathrm{\π}}{\mathrm{\λ}}({\mathrm{\Δr}}_{\mathrm{rt}}-{\mathrm{\Δr}}_{\mathrm{it}})$

Δ r _rtrepresent the distance variable quantity between observation station and base station; Δ r _ritrepresent reference base station to pseudo satellite, pseudolite again to the variable quantity of total distance between observation station, Δ r _itrepresent the distance variable quantity between pseudo satellite, pseudolite and observation station.

Set up one group of system of linear equations, the phase differential recorded is brought into the 3 dimension deformation that system of linear equations calculates observation station.Definition reference base station position coordinates is (x _r, y _r, z _r), the position coordinates of three pseudo satellite, pseudolites is: (x _i, y _i, z _i), i=1,2,3; Defining arbitrary observation station position coordinates is: (x _t, y _t, z _t); Definition observation station Displacement-deformation vector is (Δ x _t, Δ y _t, Δ z _t), then construct following system of equations, the phase differential variable quantity according to observing can calculate observation station deformation quantity:

$\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{\Δ}{x}_t(\frac{x_t-x_1}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_1)}^2+{(y_t-y_1)}^2+{(z_t-z_1)}^2}}-\frac{x_t-x_r}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_r)}^2+{(y_t+y_r)}^2+{(z_t-z_r)}^2}})+\\ \mathrm{\Δ}{y}_t(\frac{y_t-y_1}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_1)}^2+{(y_t-y_1)}^2+{(z_t-z_1)}^2}}-\frac{y_t-y_r}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_r)}^2{(y_t-y_r)}^2+{(z_t-z_r)}^2}})+\\ \mathrm{\Δ}{y}_t(\frac{z_t-z_1}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_1)}^2+{(y_t-y_1)}^2+{(z_t-z_1)}^2}}-\frac{z_t-z_r}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_r)}^2+{(y_t-y_r)}^2+{(z_t-z_r)}^2}})=\mathrm{\λ}\left(\frac{\mathrm{\Δ}{\mathrm{\Θ}}_{r1}^{\left(d\right)}}{2\mathrm{\π}}\right)\end{array}$

(19)

$\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{\Δ}{x}_t(\frac{x_t-x_2}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_2)}^2+{(y_t-y_2)}^2+{(z_t-z_2)}^2}}-\frac{x_t-x_r}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_r)}^2+{(y_t+y_r)}^2+{(z_t-z_r)}^2}})+\\ \mathrm{\Δ}{y}_t(\frac{y_t-y_1}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_2)}^2+{(y_t-y_2)}^2+{(z_t-z_2)}^2}}-\frac{y_t-y_r}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_r)}^2{(y_t-y_r)}^2+{(z_t-z_r)}^2}})+\\ \mathrm{\Δ}{y}_t(\frac{z_t-z_1}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_2)}^2+{(y_t-y_2)}^2+{(z_t-z_2)}^2}}-\frac{z_t-z_r}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_r)}^2+{(y_t-y_r)}^2+{(z_t-z_r)}^2}})=\mathrm{\λ}\left(\frac{\mathrm{\Δ}{\mathrm{\Θ}}_{r2}^{\left(d\right)}}{2\mathrm{\π}}\right)\end{array}$

(20)

$x_t(\frac{x_t-x_3}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_3)}^2+{(y_t-y_3)}^2+{(z_t-z_3)}^2}}-\frac{x_t-x_r}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_r)}^2{(y_t-y_r)}^2{(z_t-z_r)}^2}})+$

$\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{\Δ}{y}_t(\frac{y_t-y_3}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_3)}^2+{(y_t-y_3)}^2+{(z_t-z_3)}^2}}-\frac{y_t-y_r}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_r)}^2+{(y_t-y_r)}^2+{(z_t-z_r)}^2}})+\\ \mathrm{\Δ}{z}_t(\frac{z_t-z_3}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_3)}^2+{(y_t-y_3)}^2+{(z_t-z_3)}^2}}-\frac{z_t-z_r}{\sqrt{{(x_t-x_r)}^2+{(y_t-y_r)}^2+{(z_t-z_r)}^2}})=\mathrm{\λ}\left(\frac{\mathrm{\Δ}{\mathrm{\Θ}}_{r3}^{\left(d\right)}}{2\mathrm{\π}}\right)\end{array}$

(21)

What finally illustrate is, above preferred embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although by above preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from claims of the present invention limited range.

Claims (5)

1. based on the deformation monitoring method of pseudo satellite, pseudolite, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

Step one a: pseudo satellite, pseudolite is set as with reference to base station, other three pseudo satellite, pseudolites is set and forms ground pseudolite systems with as the pseudo satellite, pseudolite with reference to base station;

Step 2: observation station is set on monitored buildings;

Step 3: by reference to Base Transmitter benchmark spread-spectrum signal, the benchmark spread-spectrum signal that other pseudo satellite, pseudolite receives from reference base station carries out postponing, amplifying and forward to observation station;

Step 4: the observation station on monitored buildings receives the signal from reference base station and other pseudo satellite, pseudolites, first recover the pseudo-random code signal of reference base station, this pseudo-random code and the multichannel hybrid spread spectrum signal received are carried out related calculation, recovers the carrier signal C of reference base station _r, after pseudo-random code is postponed respectively, then carry out related calculation with multichannel hybrid spread spectrum signal, recover the carrier signal C of other 3 pseudo satellite, pseudolites ₁, C ₂, C ₃; Phase detector group is used to monitor out C ₁, C ₂, C ₃with C _rbetween phase differential, calculated the three-dimensional deformation of observation station by the change of these phase differential;

In step 3, by the two-way benchmark spread-spectrum signal launching the different carrier frequencies that same pseudo-code is modulated as the pseudo satellite, pseudolite with reference to base station, frequency is respectively f _rF1and f _rF2, its medium frequency is f _rF1benchmark spread-spectrum signal be used for observation station recover pseudo-code signal, the frequency that other three pseudo satellite, pseudolites receive only from reference base station is f _rF2benchmark spread-spectrum signal carry out delay amplify be transmitted to observation station again;

In step 4, observation station receives the signal from reference base station and other 3 pseudo satellite, pseudolites, after process calculates, obtain the phase differential of any carrier signal between pseudo satellite, pseudolite and reference base station, then utilize phasometer to calculate the three-dimensional deformation of observation station by system of linear equations;

Pseudo satellite, pseudolite circuit beyond reference base station described in step comprises delay circuit and amplifying circuit, amplifying circuit is used for the near-far interference in elimination system, and delay circuit is greater than a chip width for the pseudo-code phase difference of each road modulated spread spectrum signal making observation station receive.

2. the deformation monitoring method based on pseudo satellite, pseudolite according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the circuit of reference base station described in step comprises: pn code generator, oscillator 1, oscillator 2, frequency mixer, bandpass filter, power amplifier and emitting antenna; The intermediate frequency carrier that the pseudo-code produced by pn code generator and oscillator 1 produce carries out spread spectrum, and generate spread-spectrum signal, then carry out mixing with oscillator 2, after bandpass filtering and power amplification, frequency is f _rF1spread-spectrum signal by emitting antenna radiation to observation station, frequency is f _rF2spread-spectrum signal by emitting antenna radiation to observation station and other three pseudo satellite, pseudolites.

3. the deformation monitoring method based on pseudo satellite, pseudolite according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the circuit of observation station described in step comprises: low noise amplifier, bandpass filter, carrier recovery circuit, pseudo-code restoring circuit, delay cell, coherently despreading circuit, phase detector and Deformation calculation circuit; The signal that observation station receives is respectively through after amplification, filtering, calculate any phase differential between pseudo satellite, pseudolite and reference base station through carrier recovery circuit, pseudo-code restoring circuit, delay cell, coherently despreading circuit and phase detector, then gone out the three-dimensional deformation of observation station by Deformation calculation circuit counting.

4. the deformation monitoring method based on pseudo satellite, pseudolite according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described delay circuit adopts the form based on direct radio frequency coherent transponding to realize postponing; Use receiving antenna to receive and come from the frequency of reference base station for f _rF2benchmark spread-spectrum signal, then postpone through delay line, making to arrive 4 tunnel frequencies of observation station is f _rF2spread-spectrum signal difference at least more than a chip width.

5. the deformation monitoring method based on pseudo satellite, pseudolite according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described delay circuit adopts the form realization delay carrying out coherent transponding based on intermediate frequency; Use receiving antenna to receive and come from the frequency of reference base station for f _rF2benchmark spread-spectrum signal, then by lower frequency changer circuit, this signal is transformed to intermediate-freuqncy signal, after intermediate frequency amplifies and carries out AD conversion, use digital RF memory technology DRFM by this signal delay a period of time, give DA transducer and be converted to analog if signal, after intermediate frequency amplifies, use same local oscillator to carry out mixing, up-convert to same frequency f _rF2modulated spread spectrum signal, then after power amplification, by antenna transmission to observation station.