CN103256760B - A kind of liquid circulation type refrigerating plant - Google Patents
A kind of liquid circulation type refrigerating plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN103256760B CN103256760B CN201310165785.3A CN201310165785A CN103256760B CN 103256760 B CN103256760 B CN 103256760B CN 201310165785 A CN201310165785 A CN 201310165785A CN 103256760 B CN103256760 B CN 103256760B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid circulation type refrigerating plant, it comprises refrigeration cycle: from cold-producing medium basin (1) liquid refrigerant out (2), condenser/evaporator (9) is sent into after cryogenic liquid pump (3) supercharging, cold is passed to the cold-producing medium backflowed, discharge cold, cold-producing medium that temperature raises delivers to custom system (6) and carry out cooling; Cold-producing medium basin (1) is returned through compressor (8), condenser/evaporator (9), choke valve (10) from custom system (6) refrigerant gas out, thus the refrigeration cycle described in being formed.The present invention mends cold mode owing to adopting liquid circulation pump and gas compressor supercharging, the compression ratio of gas compressor significantly reduces, the refrigerating capacity that refrigerant gas produces because of compression is effectively reclaimed, power consumption significantly reduces, the workloads such as the installation, maintenance of equipment effectively alleviate, do not impact environment, economy, society, environmental benefit are very remarkable, are the quantum jumps to conventional refrigeration technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid circulation type refrigerating plant, specifically belong to refrigeration technology field.
Background technology
Modern refrigerant technology is as a science, be that 19th-century mid-term and Later development get up, before this, trace back to the ancestors of the mankind, people understand cold utilization and simple artificial cooling very early: with Zuo Lengzhu room, cellar, the history had 5000 with spring cooling storeroom.
After twentieth century, Refrigeration Technique has had larger development: within 1910, domestic refrigerator comes out, and 1917 start to put on market as commodity in the U.S..Nineteen thirty, the appearance of freon refrigeration working medium and the use of freon refrigerator bring new change to Refrigeration Technique.Nineteen seventies, people have carried out large quantifier elimination to mixed working fluid, and bring into use azeotropic mixed working medium, and the development for vapour compression refrigerator opens new road.Refrigeration Technique develops into today, from preserving food and regulating the temperature of certain space, expands, penetrates into each department of national economy, and has had with daily life and contact more closely.
Various refrigerating method, sums up, and can be divided into two large classes: input work realizes refrigeration and input heat realizes refrigeration.Steam compression type refrigeration, thermoelectric cooling belong to input work refrigeration, and absorption refrigeration, steam-sprayed refrigeration, absorption type refrigerating belong to input heat and realize refrigeration.Fig. 1 is a kind of single stage compress ammonia refrigeration system schematic flow sheet, in Fig. 1: 1-evaporimeter, and 2-gas-liquid separator, 3-compressor, 4-oil eliminator, 5-condenser, 6-aftercooler, 7-choke valve.
The research contents of conventional refrigeration technology can be summarized as following three aspects:
1) research obtains the method for low temperature and relevant mechanism and corresponding kind of refrigeration cycle, and carries out thermodynamic (al) analysis and calculation to kind of refrigeration cycle.
2) character of cold-producing medium is studied, thus the working medium providing performance satisfied for refrigeration machine.Mechanical refrigeration could will be realized, so the thermophysical property of cold-producing medium is the basis of carrying out cycle analysis and calculating by the change of cold-producing medium thermodynamic state.In addition, in order to make the practical application of cold-producing medium energy, their general physicochemical properties must also be grasped.
3) research realizes the necessary various machinery of kind of refrigeration cycle and technical equipment, and process organization, the system support of their operation principle, performance evaluation, structure Design and Calculation and various refrigerating plant calculate.In addition, the automation issues of heat insulation problem, refrigeration plant is also had, etc.
The main foundation of conventional refrigeration theory is thermodynamics, namely adopts the Kano of the same temperature difference against cycle analysis refrigerative circle system, and the economic index of kind of refrigeration cycle is coefficient of refrigerating performance, the income obtained exactly and the ratio of cost expended, and with atmospheric temperature T
0be T with temperature
call kind of refrigeration cycle between low-temperature heat source (as freezer) are the highest with the coefficient of refrigerating performance of reverse Carnot cycle:
ε in above formula
cfor coefficient of refrigerating performance, q
2for the refrigerating capacity of circulation, w
0for the net work consumed that circulates.
In fact, Kano is in the paper of " about thermodynamic opinion ", and the conclusion drawn is: " all heat engines worked between the constant temperature thermal source of two different temperatures are the highest with the efficiency of reversible heat engine." being namely referred to as Carnot's theorem by descendant, the thermal efficiency carrying out arranging the Carnot cycle drawn by The Ideal-Gas Equation is:
The temperature T of the high temperature heat source in formula (2)
1be T with the temperature of low-temperature heat source
2all higher than atmospheric temperature T
0, and some important conclusion following can be drawn:
1) thermal efficiency of Carnot cycle is only decided by the temperature of high temperature heat source and low-temperature heat source, the temperature namely during working medium heat absorption and release, improves T
1with reduction T
2, can the thermal efficiency be improved.
2) thermal efficiency of Carnot cycle can only be less than 1, must not equal 1, because T
1=∞ or T
2=0 all can not realize.In other words, even if, also heat energy all can not be converted into mechanical energy, the thermal efficiency is certainly more impossible is greater than 1 in cycle engine in the ideal case.
3) T is worked as
1=T
2time, thermal efficiency of cycle equals 0, it shows, in the system of equalized temperature, heat energy can not be converted into mechanical energy, heat energy produces power must have temperature difference as thermodynamic condition, thus the machine demonstrated by single source continuous doing work does not manufacture, or perpetual motion machine of the second kind is non-existent.
4) Carnot cycle and thermal efficiency formula thereof are significant in thermodynamic (al) development.First, it has established the theoretical foundation of the second law of thermodynamics; Secondly, the research of Carnot cycle indicates direction for improving the various heat power machine thermal efficiency, closely may improve the endothermic temperature of working medium and reduce the exothermic temperature of working medium as far as possible, make heat release close can unearned minimum temperature and atmospheric temperature time carry out.What propose in Carnot cycle utilizes adiabatic compression to improve the method for gas heat absorption temperature, still generally adopts so far in the heat power machine taking gas as working medium.
5) limit point of Carnot cycle is atmospheric temperature, and circulate to the process of refrigerastion lower than environment temperature, Carnot cycle does not provide clear and definite answer.
Due to the imperfection of coefficient of refrigerating performance, the scholar of lot of domestic and foreign studies it, and proposes Perfect Suggestions.Ma Yitai etc. in " refrigeration and the Energy Efficiency Standard of heat pump product are studied and the analysis of circulation thermodynamics consummating degree " in conjunction with Curzon and Ahlborn the analysis having this irreversible procedure of different transfer of heat to introduce thermodynamic cycle, and the inspiration of the Finite-Time Thermodynamics created thus, in conjunction with CA cycle efficieny, propose the thermodynamics consummating degree of CA direct circulation, make the efficiency research of refrigeration and heat pump product have progress to a certain degree.
But use thermodynamic (al) basic theories can not make simple, clear and intuitive explanation to kind of refrigeration cycle.Einstein once did evaluation to classical thermodynamics: " a kind of theoretical, its prerequisite is simpler, and involved things is more, and its accommodation is more extensive, and it gives the impression of people more deep." theoretical explanation to refrigerating field, also should inherit and develop this advantage.
Therefore, really find the correct theoretical foundation of kind of refrigeration cycle, this theoretical foundation proposes new refrigerating plant and can be applied in reality, become the difficult point of refrigeration technology field research.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly the imperfection being applied to refrigerating theory analysis for solving Carnot's theorem, proposes to correspond to the refrigerating theory of thermodynamic argument and cold theory of mechanics, and applies the new liquid circulation type refrigerating plant of this Theoretical Design.
The fundamental formular describing cold mechanics is:
In formula (3), Tc2 < Tc1 < To, To is environment temperature, is Kelvin's thermometric scale.
Relative ambient temperature To, the maximum cold efficiency of low-temperature receiver under Tc1, Tc2 is:
Be assumed to be q
2the refrigerating capacity of circulation, w
0for the net work consumed that circulates, then when sink temperature is Tc1:
Equally, when sink temperature is Tc2:
Be not difficult to find out from formula (4) to (7), the efficiency of cold mechanics is between 0 to 1, inevitable due to irreversibility in real process, and refrigeration cycle efficiency is less than 1; When environment temperature To determines, sink temperature is lower, inputs same merit, and the refrigerating capacity of acquisition is more, thus specifies direction for constructing the new kind of refrigeration cycle i.e. cold efficient conversion of electricity.
Based on above-mentioned general principle, the present invention proposes to be different from traditional refrigerating plant (as refrigerator), cooler is adopted back to reclaim the cold of refrigerant gas compression generation, thus improve the cycle efficieny of refrigerating plant, make the cold theory of mechanics of proposition become real can the tentatively perfect theoretical system of guidance system refrigeration technique Development Practice.
The object of the invention is to be realized by following measures: a kind of liquid circulation type refrigerating plant, this device comprises refrigeration cycle, it is characterized in that:
The kind of refrigeration cycle of described liquid circulation type refrigerating plant, refer to from cold-producing medium basin 1 liquid refrigerant 2 out, condenser/evaporator 9 is sent into after cryogenic liquid pump 3 supercharging, cold is passed to the cold-producing medium that backflows that temperature is higher, discharge cold, cold-producing medium that temperature raises delivers to custom system 6 and carry out cooling; After compressor 8 compresses, enter condenser/evaporator 9 from custom system 6 out refrigerant gas, reclaim cold, reduce temperature, return cold-producing medium basin 1 through choke valve 10, thus form the cooling closed circuit of liquid circulation type refrigerating plant.
Be provided with cool exchanger 4: from cold-producing medium basin 1 liquid refrigerant 2 out, condenser/evaporator 9, cool exchanger 4 is sent into after cryogenic liquid pump 3 supercharging, cold is passed to the cold-producing medium that backflows that temperature is higher, discharge cold, cold-producing medium that temperature raises delivers to custom system 6 and carry out cooling; After compressor 8 compresses, enter cool exchanger 4, condenser/evaporator 9 from custom system 6 out refrigerant gas, reclaim cold, reduce temperature, return cold-producing medium basin 1 through choke valve 10, thus form the cooling closed circuit of liquid circulation type refrigerating plant.
Described cool exchanger 4 adopts necessary augmentation of heat transfer measure, and as increased fin, adopting plate-fin heat exchanger, micro-channel heat exchanger etc., the cold medium employing of changing in described cool exchanger 4 passes cold mode indirectly.
Described compressor 8 can adopt RHVC.
In liquid circulation type refrigerating plant in the present invention, other structures NM no longer describe in detail, all adopt existing mature technology to carry out Aided design.
Described cold-producing medium basin 1 adopts necessary cold insulation measure, as adopted the cold insulation materials such as heat-insulation vacuum container, pearlife.
Unaccounted equipment and back-up system, pipeline, instrument, valve, cold insulation in the present invention, there is regulatory function bypass facility etc. adopt known mature technology to carry out supporting.
Be provided with safety, the control facility supporting with liquid circulation type refrigerating plant of the present invention, device energy economy, safety, high thermal efficiency run, reaches energy-saving and cost-reducing, the object of environmental protection.
The present invention compared to existing technology tool has the following advantages:
1, compared with traditional refrigerating plant, the not environmental effects to external world of the condenser in kind of refrigeration cycle;
2, owing to adopting liquid circulation pump and gas compressor supercharging to mend cold mode, the compression ratio of gas compressor significantly reduces, and the refrigerating capacity that refrigerant gas produces because of compression is effectively reclaimed, and power consumption significantly reduces;
3, the refrigerating plant that the maintenance load of equipment is more traditional has the reduction of high degree, conveniently can carry out deashing dedusting to evaporimeter, cool exchanger and condenser/evaporator are clean because of medium, can keep good and change cold effect, cold effect is changed in effective raising, and the service life of whole unit greatly extends;
4, pass cold, enhanced heat transfer: more traditional refrigerating plant, can adopt strengthening cold transferring component easily, unit is more efficient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is single stage compress ammonia refrigeration system schematic flow sheet of the prior art.
In Fig. 1: 1-evaporimeter, 2-gas-liquid separator, 3-compressor, 4-oil eliminator, 5-condenser, 6-aftercooler, 7-choke valve.
Fig. 2 is a kind of liquid circulation type refrigerating plant cooling flow schematic diagram of the present invention.
In Fig. 2: 1-cold-producing medium basin, 2-liquid refrigerant, 3-liquid circulation pump, 3-1-liquid circulation pump by-pass line, 3-2-gaseous refrigerant pipeline, 4-cool exchanger, 5-refrigerant tubing, 6-cooling system, 7-gaseous refrigerant, 8-compressor, 9-condenser/evaporator, 10-choke valve.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of liquid circulation type refrigerating plant, specific embodiment is as follows:
From cold-producing medium basin 1 liquid refrigerant 2 out, condenser/evaporator 9, cool exchanger 4 is sent into after cryogenic liquid pump 3 supercharging, cold is passed to the cold-producing medium that backflows that temperature is higher, discharge cold, cold-producing medium that temperature raises delivers to custom system 6 and carry out cooling; After compressor 8 compresses, enter cool exchanger 4, condenser/evaporator 9 from custom system 6 out refrigerant gas, reclaim cold, reduce temperature, return cold-producing medium basin 1 through choke valve 10, thus form the cooling closed circuit of liquid circulation type refrigerating plant.
Described cool exchanger 4 adopts necessary augmentation of heat transfer measure, as adopted plate-fin heat exchanger, indirectly passing cold mode.
Described compressor 8 can adopt RHVC.
Described cold-producing medium basin 1 adopts necessary cold insulation measure, as adopted the cold insulation materials such as heat-insulation vacuum container, pearlife.
Unaccounted equipment and back-up system, pipeline, instrument, valve, cold insulation in the present invention, there is regulatory function bypass facility etc. adopt known mature technology to carry out supporting.
Be provided with safety, the control facility supporting with liquid circulation type refrigerating plant of the present invention, device energy economy, safety, high thermal efficiency run, reaches energy-saving and cost-reducing, the object of environmental protection.
Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above, they are not for limiting the present invention, being anyly familiar with this those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, from ought making various changes or retouch, belong to the protection domain of the present invention equally.What therefore protection scope of the present invention should define with the claim of the application is as the criterion.
Claims (3)
1. a liquid circulation type refrigerating plant, it comprises refrigeration cycle, it is characterized in that:
Described refrigeration cycle, refer to from cold-producing medium basin (1) liquid refrigerant out (2), cool exchanger (4) is sent into after cryogenic liquid pump (3) supercharging, cold is passed to the cold-producing medium backflowed, discharge cold, cold-producing medium that temperature raises delivers to custom system (6) and carry out cooling; Cold-producing medium basin (1) is returned through compressor (8), cool exchanger (4), choke valve (10) from custom system (6) refrigerant gas out, thus the refrigeration cycle described in being formed.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Be provided with condenser/evaporator (9): from cold-producing medium basin (1) liquid refrigerant out (2), condenser/evaporator (9), cool exchanger (4) is sent into after cryogenic liquid pump (3) supercharging, cold is passed to the cold-producing medium backflowed, discharge cold, cold-producing medium that temperature raises delivers to custom system (6) and carry out cooling; Cold-producing medium basin (1) is returned through compressor (8), cool exchanger (4), condenser/evaporator (9), choke valve (10) from custom system (6) refrigerant gas out, thus the refrigeration cycle described in being formed.
3. device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that:
Described compressor (8) adopts RHVC.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1734212A (en) * | 2004-08-02 | 2006-02-15 | 周鸣亮 | Refrigerating system with energy source recovery function |
| CN101556095A (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2009-10-14 | 浙江大学 | Low-grade energy driving and mechanical work driving combined heat pump or refrigerating system |
| CN103090580A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-08 | 南京瑞柯徕姆环保科技有限公司 | Heat pump type air conditioner device |
| CN203240845U (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2013-10-16 | 南京瑞柯徕姆环保科技有限公司 | Liquid circulating type refrigerating device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7096679B2 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2006-08-29 | Tecumseh Products Company | Transcritical vapor compression system and method of operating including refrigerant storage tank and non-variable expansion device |
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2013
- 2013-05-07 CN CN201310165785.3A patent/CN103256760B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1734212A (en) * | 2004-08-02 | 2006-02-15 | 周鸣亮 | Refrigerating system with energy source recovery function |
| CN101556095A (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2009-10-14 | 浙江大学 | Low-grade energy driving and mechanical work driving combined heat pump or refrigerating system |
| CN103090580A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-08 | 南京瑞柯徕姆环保科技有限公司 | Heat pump type air conditioner device |
| CN203240845U (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2013-10-16 | 南京瑞柯徕姆环保科技有限公司 | Liquid circulating type refrigerating device |
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Inventor after: Wang Haibo Inventor after: Hui Xiaobin Inventor after: Liang Bin Inventor after: Ding Lin Inventor before: Wang Haibo Inventor before: Hui Xiaobin Inventor before: Liang Bin Inventor before: Ding Lin |
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