CN103248330B - A kind of programmable gain amplifier of high-gain precision - Google Patents
A kind of programmable gain amplifier of high-gain precision Download PDFInfo
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- CN103248330B CN103248330B CN201310038173.8A CN201310038173A CN103248330B CN 103248330 B CN103248330 B CN 103248330B CN 201310038173 A CN201310038173 A CN 201310038173A CN 103248330 B CN103248330 B CN 103248330B
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- switch
- gain
- amplifier
- operational amplifier
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of programmable gain amplifier of high-gain precision, belong to semiconductor integrated circuit design field.It is mainly used to meet the high-gain required precision of communication system to programmable gain amplifier.This structure is carried out cascade by the accurately adjustable programmable gain amplifier level of gain and three fixed gain amplifier levels in order to coarse adjustment and is formed.First input signal determines approximate gain by switch three grades of fixed gain levels, then carries out precise gain adjustment by programmable-gain level on this basis, thus obtains a high-precision gain.The programmable gain amplifier level that wherein gain is accurately adjustable obtains accurate gain by the intensity of switch control rule feedback resistive network, and three grades of fixed gain amplifier levels carry out coarse adjustment by switching gate.The present invention has the advantages such as gain accuracy is high, gain controls simply, the linearity is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to semiconductor integrated circuit design field, be specifically related to a kind of high-gain precision programmable gain amplifier.
Background technology
In fields such as radio communication, disk reading, medicine equipments, analogue system signal to be dealt with often has larger dynamic range.Such as, in gsm wireless receiver, just need the change in gain of about 80dB.In order to obtain the signal of a relative constancy, a variable gain amplifier (Variable Gain Amplifier, VGA) is needed to regulate the amplitude of Received signal strength.Specifically, by the output signal of VGA and reference signal are relatively generated a control signal, the amplitude that the gain of control VGA makes it output signal is equal with reference signal.So the gain accuracy of VGA is higher, gain dynamic range is larger, and gain is linear better with the dB of control signal, and its adjusting function is to received signal also better.
Variable gain amplifier is according to gain control mode, the continuously adjustable variable gain amplifier of gain (Variable Gain Amplifier can be divided into, VGA), with the programmable gain amplifier (Programmable Gain Amplifier, PGA) of gain step change.The control signal of VGA is analog signal, gain continuously adjustabe, but gain controls complicated; The control signal of PGA is digital signal, therefore its gain Discrete Change, but gain controls simple.
Figure 1 shows that a kind of variable gain amplifier based on attenuator structure.This variable gain amplifier comprises a resistor network attenuator, a variable transconductance cell array be made up of differential pair, a trans-impedance amplifier and mutual conductance controller.Every one-level of attenuator exports the positive input terminal all connecing a differential pair, and the output of all differential pairs is connected together, and its total small-signal current produced sends into trans-impedance amplifier to produce a voltage signal, and feeds back to the negative input end of each differential pair.Mutual conductance controller controls each variable transconductance unit respectively, makes its mutual conductance change to maximum from zero.Any moment all only has the conducting of two variable transconductance modules, and last output voltage is determined by the mutual conductance ratio of these two variable transconductance modules.
First complete a coarse adjustment with attenuator obtains several large gain step size to this structure, then in this step-length, carries out fine tuning, so only needs to keep Continual Gain Actuator adjustable within an attenuator step-length, therefore can obtain higher gain accuracy.But the gain accuracy of this structure depends on mutual conductance controller, only have mutual conductance controller to meet required functional relation, just can obtain the linear gain of dB and control.
Summary of the invention
goal of the invention:the object of the invention is the programmable gain amplifier proposing a kind of high-gain precision, to meet the high-gain required precision of communication system to programmable gain amplifier.
technical scheme:in order to realize foregoing invention object, the programmable gain amplifier of the high-gain precision that the present invention adopts carries out cascade by the accurately adjustable programmable gain amplifier level of gain and three fixed gain amplifier levels in order to coarse adjustment and is formed; This amplifier circuit has the input of positive and negative two-way, exports, and this two-way circuit full symmetric designs, and wherein negative input, output signal processing circuit are:
In the programmable gain amplifier level that described gain is accurately adjustable, 11 switch is connected between signal negative input end and the first resistance respectively, the reverse input end of another termination first operational amplifier of the first resistance, the positive output termination twelvemo of the first operational amplifier is closed, the other end that twelvemo is closed is output at the corresponding levels, the reverse input end of the second operational amplifier is connect by the 81 switch, second operational amplifier positive output termination the eight or two switch, the other end of the eight or two switch is output at the corresponding levels, the reverse input end of the 3rd operational amplifier is connect by the 91 switch, positive output termination the 92 switch of the 3rd operational amplifier, the other end of the 92 switch is output at the corresponding levels, the reverse input end of four-operational amplifier is connect by the one zero one switch, positive output termination the 1 switch of four-operational amplifier, one zero two switch is the output of this amplifier, connect signal negative output terminal,
Wherein, between the input and output of the first operational amplifier, be connected in parallel 6 groups of feedback switch resistor networks be made up of switch and resistant series, first group is composed in series by the 21 switch, the second resistance, the two or two switch; Second group is composed in series by the 31 switch, the 3rd resistance, the three or two switch; 3rd group is composed in series by the 41 switch, the 4th resistance, the four or two switch; 4th group by May Day switch, the 5th resistance, the five or two switch be composed in series; 5th group is composed in series by the 61 switch, the 6th resistance, the six or two switch; 6th group by the July 1st switch, the 7th resistance, the seven or two switch be composed in series; One end of reverse first switch is connected between the 11 switch and signal negative input end, and the other end is connected on twelvemo and closes between the 81 switch; One end of reverse 8th switch is connected on twelvemo and closes between the 81 switch, and the other end is connected between the eight or two switch and the 91 switch; One end of reverse 9th switch is connected between the eight or two switch and the 91 switch, and the other end is connected between the 92 switch and the one zero one switch; One end of reverse tenth switch is connected between the 92 switch and the one zero one switch, and the other end is connected between the one zero two switch and signal negative output terminal.
The 11 described switch all adopts cmos transmission gate circuit to the one zero two switch, low level conducting; Described reverser adopts cmos transmission gate circuit, high level conducting.
The first described operational amplifier adopts two-stage calculation amplifier to add active degenerative structure, and first order operational amplifier wherein adopts Foldable cascade structure, and second level operational amplifier adopts the common-source stage structure of current source load; Feedback circuit produces the current source load end of corresponding feedback signal to second level operational amplifier according to output common mode signal and the difference of input reference voltage, thus adjustment output common mode signal, make it approach input reference voltage.
Described in order in the fixed gain amplifier level of coarse adjustment, second operational amplifier, the 3rd operational amplifier, four-operational amplifier adopt the differential amplifier of band source degeneration resistance, be connected by resistance between the source class of differential pair input pipe, output adopts PMOS current source load, and the grid of PMOS is connected to difference output by two resistance.
beneficial effect:the present invention by certain one-level in switching gate three grades of fixed gain levels or certain what amplifies input signal, obtain approximate gain, then precise gain adjustment is carried out by programmable-gain level on this basis, thus obtaining a high-precision gain, this structure has high-gain precision, gain controls the advantages such as simple, the linearity is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of variable gain amplifier structure based on attenuator structure;
Fig. 2 is the programmable gain amplifier structure of a kind of high-gain precision provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is the gain characteristic curve of programmable gain amplifier of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the gain error curve of programmable gain amplifier of the present invention under different gains.
Embodiment
In order to the technological means further illustrating advantage place of the present invention and specifically take, following constipation closes diagram and describes the specific embodiment of the present invention and circuit structure in detail.
With reference to Fig. 2, the programmable gain amplifier of a kind of high-gain precision provided by the present invention carries out cascade by the accurately adjustable programmable gain amplifier level of gain and three fixed gain amplifier levels in order to coarse adjustment and is formed.This amplifier circuit has the input of positive and negative two-way, exports, and this two-way circuit full symmetric designs, and wherein negative input, output signal processing circuit are:
In the programmable gain amplifier level that gain is accurately adjustable, 11 switch S 11 is connected between signal negative input end Vin and the first resistance R1 respectively, the reverse input end of another termination first operational amplifier OP1 of the first resistance R1, the positive output termination twelvemo of the first operational amplifier OP1 closes S12, the other end that twelvemo closes S12 is output at the corresponding levels, the reverse input end of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connect by the 81 switch S 81, second operational amplifier OP2 positive output termination the eight or two switch S 82, the other end of the eight or two switch S 82 is outputs at the corresponding levels, the reverse input end of the 3rd operational amplifier OP3 is connect by the 91 switch S 91, positive output termination the 92 switch S 92 of the 3rd operational amplifier OP3, the other end of the 92 switch S 92 is outputs at the corresponding levels, the reverse input end of four-operational amplifier OP4 is connect by the one zero one switch S 101, positive output termination the 1 switch S 102 of four-operational amplifier OP4, one zero two switch S 102 is outputs of this amplifier, meet signal negative output terminal Von,
Wherein, be connected in parallel 6 groups of feedback switch resistor networks be made up of switch and resistant series between the input and output of the first operational amplifier OP1, first group is composed in series by the 21 switch S 21, second resistance R2, the two or two switch S 22; Second group is composed in series by the 31 switch S 31, the 3rd resistance R3, the three or two switch S 32; 3rd group is composed in series by the 41 switch S 41, the 4th resistance R4, the four or two switch S 42; 4th group by May Day switch S the 51, the 5th resistance R5, the five or two switch S 52 is composed in series; 5th group is composed in series by the 61 switch S 61, the 6th resistance R6, the six or two switch S 62; 6th group by the July 1st switch S the 71, the 7th resistance R7, the seven or two switch S 72 is composed in series; Reverse first switch
an end be connected between the 11 switch S 11 and signal negative input end Vin, the other end is connected on twelvemo and closes between S12 and the 81 switch S 81;
First resistance R1, the first operational amplifier OP1 and feedback switch resistor network form resistance feedback formula programmable gain amplifier, and the 11 switch S 11, twelvemo close S12 and reverse first switch
control the break-make of programmable gain amplifier; When the 11 switch S 11, twelvemo close S12 conducting, the gain expressions of programmable gain amplifier is as follows:
Here
the voltage amplification factor of programmable gain amplifier,
the resistance of feedback switch resistor network,
it is the resistance of the first resistance R1.From above formula, when
when remaining unchanged, as long as the resistance changing feedback switch resistor network just can change gain, and the resistance of feedback switch resistor network can by the 21 switch S the 21, the 22 switch S the 22, the 31 switch S the 31, the 32 switch S the 32, the 41 switch S the 41, the 42 switch S 42, May Day switch S the 51, the 52 switch S the 52, the 61 switch S the 61, the 62 switch S 62, break-make that the July 1st, switch S the 71, the 72 switch S 72 controlled the resistance corresponding to it changes.
Fixed gain amplifier level in order to coarse adjustment comprises the second operational amplifier OP2, the 3rd operational amplifier OP3, four-operational amplifier OP4, the 81 switch S the 81, the 82 switch S 82 and reverse 8th switch
, the 91 switch S the 91, the 92 switch S 92 and reverse 9th switch
, the one zero one switch S the 101, the 1 switch S 102 and reverse tenth switch
.
Reverse 8th switch
an end be connected on twelvemo and close between S12 and the 81 switch S 81, the other end is connected between the eight or two switch S the 82 and the 91 switch S 91; Reverse 9th switch
an end be connected between the eight or two switch S the 82 and the 91 switch S 91, the other end is connected between the 92 switch S the 92 and the 1 switch S 101; Reverse tenth switch
an end be connected between the 92 switch S the 92 and the 1 switch S 101, the other end is connected between the one zero two switch S 102 and signal negative output terminal Von.
81 switch S the 81, the 82 switch S 82 and reverse 8th switch
control the break-make of the second operational amplifier OP2, the 91 switch S the 91, the 92 switch S 92 and reverse 9th switch
control the break-make of the 3rd operational amplifier OP3, the one zero one switch S the 101, the 1 switch S 102 and reverse tenth switch
control the break-make of four-operational amplifier OP4.By carrying out gating to certain one-level in these three fixed gain amplifier levels or a few level, different gains can be obtained, reach the object of course gain adjustment.
Figure 3 shows that the gain characteristic curve of the programmable gain amplifier of high-gain precision in Fig. 2.Can find out, programmable gain amplifier of the present invention can realize the gain-adjusted scope of 0 ~ 48dB, and gain step size is 1dB.
Figure 4 shows that the gain error curve of the programmable gain amplifier of high-gain precision in Fig. 2 under different gains.Can find out, the gain error of the programmable gain amplifier shown in Fig. 2 under different gains is very little, and namely gain accuracy is very high.
In sum, the programmable gain amplifier of high-gain precision that the present invention proposes has that gain accuracy is high, gain controls simple advantage, has broad application prospects in a communications system.
Below be only example of the present invention, do not form any limitation of the invention, obviously, under thought of the present invention, any those skilled in the art, are not departing within the scope of technical solution of the present invention, and the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement can be utilized suitably to adjust circuit structure and component size or optimize, according to technology of the present invention refer to above embodiment is done any simple modification, equivalents and modification, all belong to the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a programmable gain amplifier for high-gain precision, is characterized in that this amplifier carries out cascade by the accurately adjustable programmable gain amplifier level of gain and three fixed gain amplifier levels in order to coarse adjustment and formed; This amplifier circuit has the input of positive and negative two-way, exports, and this two-way circuit full symmetric designs, and wherein negative input, output signal processing circuit are:
In the programmable gain amplifier level that described gain is accurately adjustable, 11 switch (S11) is connected between signal negative input end (Vin) and the first resistance (R1) respectively, the reverse input end of another termination first operational amplifier (OP1) of the first resistance (R1), the positive output termination twelvemo of the first operational amplifier (OP1) closes (S12), the other end that twelvemo closes (S12) is output at the corresponding levels, the reverse input end of the second operational amplifier (OP2) is connect by the 81 switch (S81), second operational amplifier (OP2) positive output termination the eight or two switch (S82), the other end of the eight or two switch (S82) is output at the corresponding levels, the reverse input end of the 3rd operational amplifier (OP3) is connect by the 91 switch (S91), the positive output termination the 92 switch (S92) of the 3rd operational amplifier (OP3), the other end of the 92 switch (S92) is output at the corresponding levels, the reverse input end of four-operational amplifier (OP4) is connect by the one zero one switch (S101), the positive output termination the 1 switch (S102) of four-operational amplifier (OP4), one zero two switch (S102) is the output of this amplifier, connect signal negative output terminal (Von),
Wherein, between the input and output of the first operational amplifier (OP1), be connected in parallel 6 groups of feedback switch resistor networks be made up of switch and resistant series, first group is composed in series by the 21 switch (S21), the second resistance (R2), the two or two switch (S22); Second group is composed in series by the 31 switch (S31), the 3rd resistance (R3), the three or two switch (S32); 3rd group is composed in series by the 41 switch (S41), the 4th resistance (R4), the four or two switch (S42); 4th group is composed in series by switch on May Day (S51), the 5th resistance (R5), the five or two switch (S52); 5th group is composed in series by the 61 switch (S61), the 6th resistance (R6), the six or two switch (S62); 6th group is composed in series by the switch July 1st (S71), the 7th resistance (R7), the seven or two switch (S72); Reverse first switch (
) an end be connected between the 11 switch (S11) and signal negative input end (Vin), the other end is connected on twelvemo and closes between (S12) and the 81 switch (S81); Reverse 8th switch (
) an end be connected on twelvemo and close between (S12) and the 81 switch (S81), the other end is connected between the eight or two switch (S82) and the 91 switch (S91); Reverse 9th switch (
) an end be connected between the eight or two switch (S82) and the 91 switch (S91), the other end is connected between the 92 switch (S92) and the one zero one switch (S101); Reverse tenth switch (
) an end be connected between the 92 switch (S92) and the one zero one switch (S101), the other end is connected between the one zero two switch (S102) and signal negative output terminal (Von);
The 11 described switch (S11) all adopts cmos transmission gate circuit to the one zero two switch (S102), low level conducting; Described reverser adopts cmos transmission gate circuit, high level conducting;
Described the first operational amplifier (OP1) adopts two-stage calculation amplifier to add active degenerative structure, and first order operational amplifier wherein adopts Foldable cascade structure, and second level operational amplifier adopts the common-source stage structure of current source load; Feedback circuit produces the current source load end of corresponding feedback signal to second level operational amplifier according to output common mode signal and the difference of input reference voltage, thus adjustment output common mode signal, make it approach input reference voltage.
2. according to the programmable gain amplifier of high-gain precision according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described in order in the fixed gain amplifier level of coarse adjustment, second operational amplifier (OP2), the 3rd operational amplifier (OP3), four-operational amplifier (OP4) adopt the differential amplifier of band source degeneration resistance, be connected by resistance between the source class of differential pair input pipe, output adopts PMOS current source load, and the grid of PMOS is connected to difference output by two resistance.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310038173.8A CN103248330B (en) | 2013-01-31 | 2013-01-31 | A kind of programmable gain amplifier of high-gain precision |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310038173.8A CN103248330B (en) | 2013-01-31 | 2013-01-31 | A kind of programmable gain amplifier of high-gain precision |
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| CN103248330A CN103248330A (en) | 2013-08-14 |
| CN103248330B true CN103248330B (en) | 2015-10-21 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020073234A1 (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2020-04-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Dimming circuit and integrated circuit |
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| CN103916098A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-07-09 | 南京邮电大学 | Programmable gain amplifier with high gain precision |
| CN103944523A (en) * | 2014-04-26 | 2014-07-23 | 长沙云腾微电子有限公司 | Programmable gain amplifier |
| US9780748B2 (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2017-10-03 | Microchip Technology Incorporated | Selectable programmable gain or operational amplifier |
| CN104639068B (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2017-10-24 | 中国航空工业集团公司第六三一研究所 | The linear programmable gain amplifier that a kind of switching capacity is realized |
| CN104779931A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Variable gain amplifier with high gain linearity |
| CN104779932B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-09-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of Larger Dynamic range switch array variable gain amplifier |
| US9958484B2 (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2018-05-01 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Apparatus and method for measuring load current by applying compensated gain to voltage derived from drain-to-source voltage of power gating device |
| CN105897207B (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2019-01-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of continuous variable gain amplifier |
| CN107192864A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-22 | 西安微电子技术研究所 | A kind of Precision digital resistor load circuit |
| CN108365826A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-08-03 | 浙江禾川科技股份有限公司 | A kind of programmable gain amplifier |
| CN111342786B (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2021-09-21 | 上海类比半导体技术有限公司 | Differential amplifier common mode rejection ratio and gain trimming circuit |
| CN111740709A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-02 | 复旦大学 | High-linearity broadband variable gain amplifier |
| CN111817689B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-02-26 | 浙江大学 | High-linearity attenuator |
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| US7425863B2 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2008-09-16 | Broadcom Corporation | Tuneable filters using operational amplifiers |
| US7956689B2 (en) * | 2008-10-13 | 2011-06-07 | Broadcom Corporation | Programmable gain amplifier and transconductance compensation system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4441082A (en) * | 1981-10-09 | 1984-04-03 | American Microsystems, Inc. | Switched capacitor automatic gain control loop |
| US4855685A (en) * | 1987-09-30 | 1989-08-08 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Precision switchable gain circuit |
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| WO2020073234A1 (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2020-04-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Dimming circuit and integrated circuit |
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