CN103247358B - Nuclear power station high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand - Google Patents
Nuclear power station high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand Download PDFInfo
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- CN103247358B CN103247358B CN201310131622.3A CN201310131622A CN103247358B CN 103247358 B CN103247358 B CN 103247358B CN 201310131622 A CN201310131622 A CN 201310131622A CN 103247358 B CN103247358 B CN 103247358B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of measurement in nuke industry, be specifically related to a kind of nuclear power station high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand.Its structure comprises high energy medium generating means, and described high energy medium generating means is connected with test pipeline by process pipeline, and test pipeline connects slip and measures pipeline; Described test pipeline comprises test straight pipeline and fracture stimulations testpieces; Described process pipeline comprises technique main line and the humiture steam test pipeline as branch road, and described test straight pipeline is connected with technique main line, and humiture steam test pipeline extends to fracture stimulations testpieces respectively and slip measures pipeline; Described test straight pipeline is provided with some waveguide rod, and waveguide rod is provided with calibrate AE sensor, and described calibrate AE sensor is connected with data acquisition card by cable.The research and development of high energy pipe leakage simulation test, acoustic emission leakage monitoring system and humiture leakage monitoring system, demarcation, maintenance can be completed by this test-bed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of measurement in nuke industry, be specifically related to a kind of nuclear power station high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand, can be used for the research and development of local leakage monitoring system, demarcation, maintenance.
Background technology
After Fukushima, Japan accident, requirements at the higher level are proposed to nuclear plant safety and reliability, the high energy line leakage that particularly nuclear safety is relevant, require to adopt Leak before break technology.Leak before break technology is the designing technique of a kind of advanced person ensureing reactor operation safety and reliability, when pipeline leaks, when leakage rate acquires a certain degree, can be measured by ad hoc leakage monitor and inform operations staff, before pipeline crack expands to critical crack size and ruptures suddenly, the abundant time can be had to realize safe shutdown, leakage pipe is repaired or the process such as replacing, to avoid the generation of pipeline double.
In the design of built nuclear power station in the past, all adopt the conventional meanses such as melt pit liquid level, water loading amount balance to monitor to high energy pipeline medium leakage monitoring, it is very long that these monitoring meanss totally monitor the corresponding time, and cannot to can not accurately to locate, quantitatively by identified leakage.So the local leakage monitoring method of some advanced persons is by considering that the high energy pipe leakage of being correlated with to nuclear safety carries out the location of quantitative measurment, leakage point, improve nuclear plant safety and reliability.
Local leakage monitoring method mainly adopts acoustic emission leakage monitoring and humiture leakage monitoring method.According to the investigation of the outer Related product of Present Domestic, there is no ripe product at present and can directly apply to the quantitative measurment of nuclear power station specific high energy line leakage, all need to carry out adaptability revision or research and development of products, the location will carrying out quantitative measurment accurately and leakage point to specific high energy pipeline needs to build suitable test-bed, sets up the transforming relationship between leakage monitoring signal and slip and determine correction factor by bench test.
The principle of acoustic emission leakage monitoring is as follows: when high energy pipeline leaks, and has an effect in leaking medium and pipeline border, and produce ultrasound wave, ultrasonic signal is propagated along tube wall, by sound probe monitors.Definite value is allowed to represent and leak when acoustic signals exceedes.Due to the singularity of acoustic emission signal, the relation of slip and acoustic emission signal directly cannot be found out by theoretical analysis, slip and acoustic emission signal related data must be obtained by bench test, test figure processed and analyzes, simulating the relational model between monitor signal and slip.
The principle of humiture leakage monitoring is as follows: when high energy pipeline leaks, be diffused in heat-insulation layer after leaking medium flash-off of steam, causes temperature in heat-insulation layer and absolute humidity change, allows definite value to represent to leak when temperature-humidity signal exceedes.By the monitoring of temperature-humidity signal, determine the relational model of slip and absolute humidity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the needs in order to meet the quantitative measurment of nuclear power station specific high energy pipe leakage, providing a kind of high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand, for the research and development of acoustic emission leakage monitoring and humiture leakage monitoring provide test platform.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand, comprises high energy medium generating means, and described high energy medium generating means is connected with test pipeline by process pipeline, and test pipeline connects slip and measures pipeline; Described test pipeline comprises test straight pipeline and fracture stimulations testpieces, and described fracture stimulations testpieces is arranged on test straight pipeline; Described process pipeline comprises technique main line and the humiture steam test pipeline as branch road, and described test straight pipeline is connected with technique main line, and humiture steam test pipeline extends to fracture stimulations testpieces respectively and slip measures pipeline; Described test straight pipeline is provided with some waveguide rod, and waveguide rod is provided with calibrate AE sensor, and described calibrate AE sensor is connected with data acquisition card by cable.
Further, high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as above, wherein, is provided with heat-insulation layer device in described test straight pipeline outside, is provided with electrical heating wire device in test straight pipeline inside.
Further, high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as above, wherein, the length of described test straight pipeline is greater than the twice of measurement instrument to the maximum layout distance of fracture stimulations testpieces.
Further, high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as above, wherein, described technique main line is provided with steam valve and motor-operated isolation valve.
Further, high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as above, wherein, described slip is measured pipeline and is comprised the flowmeter being arranged on test straight pipeline porch, and be arranged on the collecting hood for collecting leaking medium of fracture stimulations testpieces cracks, described collecting hood is connected with heat exchanger by pipeline, is provided with flowmeter at the entrance and exit place of described heat exchanger.
Further, high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as above, wherein, arrange in test straight pipeline porch the small-bore bypass be communicated with technique main line, the described flowmeter being arranged on test straight pipeline porch is positioned in described small-bore bypass.
Further, high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as above, wherein, described heat-insulation layer device is provided with humiture instrument and/or dew point instrument.
Further, high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as above, wherein, test straight pipeline is provided with the thermometer for the temperature and pressure of medium in real-time measuring channel and tensimeter.
Further, high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as above, wherein, also comprises the ICS blind controller system be connected with the instrument on each pipeline.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows: the present invention is from nuclear power station high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring system test demand, consider the characteristic of acoustic emission/humiture observation system, build the test-bed being applicable to any high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test, the research and development of high energy pipe leakage simulation test, acoustic emission leakage monitoring system and humiture leakage monitoring system, demarcation, maintenance can be completed by this test-bed.The invention solves the monitor signal of nuclear power station high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring method (as acoustic emission leakage monitoring and humiture leakage monitoring) and the test matching of leakage rate, and the stand Construction Problems of the test matching of the location of leakage point.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of test-bed of the present invention.
In figure, 1-1. boiler-steam dome 2-1. tests straight pipeline 2-2. fracture stimulations testpieces 3-1. technique main line 3-2. steam valve 3-3. jet chimney motor-operated isolation valve 3-4. jet chimney and test pipe joint flange 3-5. humiture steam test line isolation valve A3-6. humiture steam test pipeline 3-7. humiture steam test line isolation valve B3-8. jet chimney bypass isolation valves 4-1. leaking medium collecting hood 4-2. leaking medium collecting isolation valve 4-3. humiture discharges/condensation T-valve 4-4. humiture decompression valve 4-5. condensate line isolation valve 4-6. heat exchanger 4-7. condensed water collecting device 5-1. heat-preservation cotton 5-2. heat-insulation layer outer wall 5-3. electrical heating wire device 6-1. calibrate AE sensor 6-2. waveguide rod 6-3. humiture instrument 6-4. thermometer 6-5. tensimeter 6-6. flowmeter A(leaked steam) 6-7. flowmeter B(condensate water) 6-8. flowmeter C(steam)
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
High energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand provided by the present invention forms primarily of six parts: high energy medium generating means, test pipeline, process pipeline (comprising pipeline and valve etc.), slip measure pipeline, attemperator, test instrument and supervisory system.High energy medium generating means is connected with test pipeline by process pipeline, and test pipeline connects slip and measures pipeline.
High energy medium generating means, for generation of the medium of nuclear power station high energy pipeline actual condition parameter request, can realize stable duty parameter (temperature, pressure), can carry out duty parameter continuously adjustabe simultaneously.Developmental tube route test straight pipeline, fracture stimulations testpieces composition, for carrying out simulated leakage test, in order to ensure that simulated leakage test effect is consistent with actual high energy pipeline actual leakage.Process pipeline mainly comprises from high energy medium generating means to testing technique main line, the humiture steam test pipeline (branch bypass of technique main line line entry, extend to heat-insulation layer and pipeline gap place), also comprise the process equipment such as isolation valve, variable valve, reduction valve, T-valve, heat exchanger that process pipe is arranged.Being designed for of process pipeline provides the high energy medium meeting testing requirements to downstream user, avoids high energy medium parameter characteristic in process pipeline transmitting procedure to change, and can realize the continuously adjustabe of high energy medium actual condition (temperature, pressure).Slip measures pipeline for measuring the actual leakage rate of leakage point.Attemperator is that high energy medium temperature in warranty test pipeline, pressure are consistent with nuclear power station actual pipeline operating mode, prevents temperature from reducing, arranges heat-insulation layer device at test pipeline outer wall and in pipeline, arrange electrical heating wire device.Test instrument mainly comprises acoustic emission instrument, humiture instrument, temperature, manometer, flow instrument.Acoustic emission instrument is used for the acoustic emission signal that monitoring crack place sends, and is made up of calibrate AE sensor, private cable, signal amplifier, acquisition card special part; The change of relative humidity, absolute humidity, temperature in humiture instrument measurement heat-insulation layer; Temperature, manometer are used for the temperature and pressure measuring medium in test pipeline in real time; Flow instrument is used for measuring media leakage rate.ICS blind controller system can realize the functions such as bench test data acquisition, analysis, monitoring.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, building of test-bed forms primarily of six parts: high energy medium flip flop equipment, test pipeline, process pipeline (comprising pipeline and valve etc.), slip measure pipeline, attemperator, test instrument and supervisory system.
high energy medium generating means
The design proposal of high energy medium generating means is without specifically limiting requirement, can according to own resource situation, take boiler plant or quote the outer mode for high energy medium, the medium consistent with nuclear power station high energy pipeline actual condition parameter request can be produced, realize stable duty parameter (temperature, pressure), can duty parameter continuously adjustabe be carried out simultaneously.In the present embodiment, high energy medium generating means is boiler-steam dome 1-1.
test pipeline
Developmental tube route test straight pipeline 2-1, fracture stimulations testpieces 2-2 form, and for eliminating the various influence factor to detection signal, consider to reduce costs, reduce arrangement space, its selection principle is as follows simultaneously:
Test straight pipeline 2-1 selects and nuclear power station high energy pipeline identical trade mark material or approximate material, to eliminate the impact of unlike material on voice signal; In order to the leakage monitoring of fully simulating actual high energy pipeline is layouted, length of pipe section is chosen and the choosing of pipe leakage point position, need the maximum layout distance of instrument to crackle of the leakage monitoring considering nuclear power station actual high energy pipeline, the length of test straight pipeline should be greater than the twice of instrument to the maximum layout distance of crackle.
There is certain influence to acoustic emission signal in the external diameter of test straight pipeline 2-1, wall thickness, material, for eliminating this impact, test straight pipeline preferentially selects 1:1 in used in nuclear power station life size pipeline, and wall thickness is consistent with actual pipeline with material; Pipeline buying that is comparatively large in actual line size, thicker, the same material of wall thickness is more difficult, simultaneously as many restrictions of be put to the test condition and arrangement space etc., when employing and actual pipeline same outer diameter, wall thickness, material test straight pipeline cannot be implemented, on the basis meeting testing requirements, can consider to adopt the method reducing caliber, reduce wall thickness, change to approximate material, now should consider the correction of these influence factors.
The crackle processing of fracture stimulations testpieces 2-2, requirement can simulate nuclear power station former pipeline crack leakage Acoustic Emission Characteristic completely, and the amount of leakage that crack size and actual requirement are monitored matches.
process pipeline
Process pipeline is primarily of process pipe and process equipment composition.
Process pipe mainly comprises the branch bypass from boiler-steam dome 1-1 to the technique main line 3-1 tested straight pipeline 2-1 entrance, humiture steam test pipeline 3-6(technique main line, extends to heat-insulation layer and pipeline gap place).
Process equipment mainly comprises steam valve 3-2, jet chimney motor-operated isolation valve 3-3, humiture steam test line isolation valve A3-5, humiture steam test line isolation valve B3-7, jet chimney bypass isolation valves 3-8, leaking medium collecting isolation valve 4-2, humiture discharge/condensation T-valve 4-3, humiture decompression valve 4-4, condensate line isolation valve 4-5, heat exchanger 4-6 etc.
Being designed for of process pipeline provides the high energy medium meeting testing requirements to downstream user.Avoid high energy medium parameter characteristic in process pipeline transmitting procedure to change, and the continuously adjustabe of high energy medium actual condition (temperature, pressure) can be realized.
slip measures pipeline
Slip measures pipeline can take following two kinds of modes:
A kind of for setting up flow instrument (flowmeter C6-8) at test line entry, when generation test pipeline leakage, measured by flow instrument, generally technique main line bore is too large, cause leakage flow scope to exceed same bore flow instrument measurement range, now can set up small-bore bypass, and flow instrument is set in bypass, set up flow instrument as technique main line and can meet leakage rate measurement requirement, small-bore bypass can not be set up.
A kind of for arrange leaking medium collecting hood 4-1 in cracks, leaking medium is collected, and carry out condensation by heat exchanger 4-6, in heat exchanger 4-6 entrance, outlet, flow instrument (flowmeter A6-6 is set, flowmeter B6-7) measure in real time, also by condensed fluid collection in condensed water collecting device 4-7, can be changed by unit interval inner condensat liquid, calculate average leaked rate.
attemperator
Attemperator comprises the heat-insulation layer device being arranged on test straight pipeline outside, and is arranged on the electrical heating wire device of test straight pipeline inside.
Heat-insulation layer device is made up of heat-preservation cotton 5-1 and heat-insulation layer outer wall 5-2, heat-insulation layer designing requirement and the actual pipeline of nuclear power station heat-insulation layer used material, thickness are consistent with structure, because the material of heat-insulation layer, thickness and structure are larger to leakage monitoring effect of signals, for eliminating this impact, the design of test pipe heat-insulation layer should keep consistent with the design of actual pipe insulating layer, structure, to meet leakage monitoring test condition.Heat-insulation layer device is provided with humiture instrument and/or dew point instrument.
The constant temperature required of medium temperature in electrical heating wire device 5-3 principal security test pipeline, its mounting means can not have an impact to the transmission of acoustic emission signal.
test instrument and supervisory system
Test instrument mainly comprises:
Acoustic emission instrument: the acoustic emission signal sent for monitoring crack place, is made up of calibrate AE sensor 6-1, private cable, signal amplifier, acquisition card special part.Instrument number about 5 ~ 6, concrete number and type selecting are determined according to concrete testing requirements.
Waveguide rod 6-2: because pipeline outer wall temperature is higher, calibrate AE sensor cannot be directly installed on pipeline outer wall, by arranging waveguide rod, acoustic emission signal is guided to heat-insulation layer from tube wall.The structural design of test pipe waveguide rod should keep consistent with the design of nuclear power station high energy pipe waves guide rod.Waveguide rod can consider to adopt with test pipeline weld, the connected mode such as screw thread, Gao Ci, and consider that test is installed, easy and simple to handle, and requirement affects minimum on the transmission of acoustic emission signal.
Humiture instrument 6-3: the change of relative humidity, absolute humidity, temperature in humiture instrument measurement heat-insulation layer, can consider to punch on heat-insulation layer, leaked steam is drawn and measures, cannot resistant to elevated temperatures problem to solve current most of humiture instrument.Humiture instrument to consider install, easy and simple to handle.Instrument number about 3 ~ 4, concrete number and type selecting are determined according to concrete testing requirements.
Temperature, manometer: for measuring the temperature and pressure of medium in test pipeline in real time, comprise the thermometer 6-4 and tensimeter 6-5 that are arranged on test straight pipeline end.Instrument number about 1, concrete number and type selecting can be determined in experimental stage.
Flow instrument: for measuring media leakage rate.Instrument number about 3, arrange at technique main line, dielectric leakage collecting heat exchanger entrance, outlet condenser pipe, concrete number and type selecting are determined according to concrete testing requirements.The present embodiment comprises flowmeter A6-6, flowmeter B6-7, flowmeter C6-8.
ICS blind controller system: the functions such as bench test data acquisition, analysis, monitoring can be realized.Can consider to use ripe, mate with test signal process, general data acquisition and treatment technology build native system, with satisfied test demand.
The test operation idiographic flow of nuclear power station high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand provided by the present invention is as follows:
Acoustic emission leakage monitoring experiment process: produce high energy medium by high energy medium flip flop equipment, medium is transported to test pipeline by process pipeline, high energy medium leaks along the leakage crackle be preset on pipeline/hole after being full of test pipeline, acoustic emission signal is produced in leakage process medium and pipe friction, be disposed in the calibrate AE sensor detection on pipeline, and be transferred to supervisory system and carry out data processing.
Humiture leakage monitoring experiment process: humiture leakage monitoring method is applicable to the high energy pipeline being provided with heat-insulation layer, leaking medium is propagated along the gap between heat-insulation layer and pipeline outer wall, technique main line is provided with by-pass line, by high energy medium transport to gap place between heat-insulation layer and tube wall, leakage flow is regulated by needle-valve, when temperature in heat-insulation layer and absolute humidity change, be disposed in Temperature Humidity Sensor (or dew point transducer) detection on pipeline, and be transferred to supervisory system and carry out data processing.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to the present invention and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technology thereof to these amendments of the present invention and modification, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (9)
1. a high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand, is characterized in that: comprise high energy medium generating means, and described high energy medium generating means is connected with test pipeline by process pipeline, and test pipeline connects slip and measures pipeline; Described test pipeline comprises test straight pipeline and fracture stimulations testpieces, and described fracture stimulations testpieces is arranged on test straight pipeline; Described process pipeline comprises technique main line and the humiture steam test pipeline as branch road, and described test straight pipeline is connected with technique main line, and humiture steam test pipeline extends to fracture stimulations testpieces respectively and slip measures pipeline; Described test straight pipeline is provided with some waveguide rod, and waveguide rod is provided with calibrate AE sensor, and described calibrate AE sensor is connected with data acquisition card by cable.
2. high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with heat-insulation layer device in described test straight pipeline outside, is provided with electrical heating wire device in test straight pipeline inside.
3. high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the length of described test straight pipeline is greater than the twice of measurement instrument to the maximum layout distance of fracture stimulations testpieces.
4. high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: on described technique main line, be provided with steam valve and motor-operated isolation valve.
5. high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described slip is measured pipeline and comprised the flowmeter being arranged on test straight pipeline porch, and be arranged on the collecting hood for collecting leaking medium of fracture stimulations testpieces cracks, described collecting hood is connected with heat exchanger by pipeline, is provided with flowmeter at the entrance and exit place of described heat exchanger.
6. high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: arrange in test straight pipeline porch the small-bore bypass be communicated with technique main line, the described flowmeter being arranged on test straight pipeline porch is positioned in described small-bore bypass.
7. high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: on described heat-insulation layer device, be provided with humiture instrument and/or dew point instrument.
8. as the high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand in claim 1-7 as described in any one, it is characterized in that: on test straight pipeline, be provided with the thermometer for the temperature and pressure of medium in real-time measuring channel and tensimeter.
9. high energy pipeline local leakage monitoring test stand as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: also comprise the ICS blind controller system be connected with the instrument on each pipeline, for realizing bench test data acquisition, analysis, monitoring function; This system uses ripe, that mate with test signal process, general data acquisition and treatment technology to build.
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| CN106546389A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-29 | 北京科技大学 | The method for detecting subcritical, supercritical or ultra supercritical water vapour environment pipeline micro-crack |
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| CN108120563A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-06-05 | 上海禹舜电气有限公司 | Differential humidity leak-detecting device, leak hunting method and the system of double water innercooling electric generator |
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| CN109524136B (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2022-05-20 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for testing high-energy tube fracture whipping behavior |
| CN109973826B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-05-15 | 西安交通大学 | Experimental device and method for measuring leakage rate of nuclear reactor pipeline |
| CN110911021B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2022-07-22 | 上海核工程研究设计院有限公司 | Nuclear technology pipeline leakage rate detecting device function verification test loop system |
| CN110957054B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2023-02-28 | 上海核工程研究设计院有限公司 | Test device for verifying main steam pipeline leakage monitoring method |
| CN112927828B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2023-07-21 | 深圳中广核工程设计有限公司 | Nuclear power station pipeline leakage simulation test system and method |
| CN113223739B (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2023-08-22 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Nuclear power station containment test system under deep defense |
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