CN103247209A - Experimental device for testing internal stress of constant strength beam and torsion combination beam with electric measurement method - Google Patents
Experimental device for testing internal stress of constant strength beam and torsion combination beam with electric measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103247209A CN103247209A CN201310141591XA CN201310141591A CN103247209A CN 103247209 A CN103247209 A CN 103247209A CN 201310141591X A CN201310141591X A CN 201310141591XA CN 201310141591 A CN201310141591 A CN 201310141591A CN 103247209 A CN103247209 A CN 103247209A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental device for testing internal stress of a constant strength beam and a torsion combination beam with an electric measurement method. A vertical column is perpendicularly fixed and connected to the middle of the left end of a universal base, a beam installation position is formed in the upper end of the vertical column, and four threaded holes used for installing the constant strength beam and the torsion combination beam are formed in a plane of the beam installation position; and the left end of the constant strength beam is fixedly connected with a positioning block. The experimental device has the benefits as follows: a plurality of experimental contents of a teaching program of a material mechanic experiment can be completed, a load is loaded by a weight, a maximum loading load is 500 N, and the experimental device has the advantages that the size is small, the structure is simple, the loading is accurate, the disassembly is easy, the cost is low, and the like.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of experimental provision of develop for the teaching of institution of higher learning material mechanics experiments, relates in particular to a kind ofly to test beam of uniform strength bending combination beam internal stress experimental provision with electrical measuring method.
Background technology
Beam of uniform strength experiment and the experiment of bending combination beam be mechanics of materials course experiment teaching outline that State Education Commission's approval is promulgated stipulate must do one of experiment, and the number that requires each experiment is one group of enforcement of 1-2 people, carry out these experiment device therefor assemblies at present and all be unable to do without the power sensor, the dynamometry display instrument, power sensor and dynamometry display instrument are the core key components of equipment, expense cost is very high, need to develop a kind of obstructed exertin sensor for material mechanics experiment loads for this reason, without the dynamometry display instrument, easy and simple to handle, a tractor serves several purposes, the experimental provision that cost is low.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of patent of the present invention is to provide a kind of obstructed exertin sensor to load, without the dynamometry display instrument, with the electrical measuring method test beam of uniform strength and bending combination beam internal stress experimental provision, this experimental provision overcomes existing experimental facilities and loads by the power sensor, the dynamometry display instrument shows the power value, the defective that one machine can not be used more, adopt general base by the two kinds of beams that change the outfit, can finish a plurality of experiment contents of material mechanics experiment syllabus, magnitude of load directly loads with counterweight, test beam surface adhering resistance strain sheets or resistance strain gage, the signal input static resistance strainmeter of resistance strain gage or resistance strain gage, the static resistance strainmeter is measured strain value behind the beam stress, strain value substitution actual measurement computing formula is calculated beam section upper stress size, compare with theoretical value again, have simple to operate, load accurately low cost and other advantages.
The present invention is achieved like this, it comprises general base, column, beam installation site, threaded hole, the beam of uniform strength, bending combination beam, locating piece, mounting hole, resistance strain gage, load bar, counterweight seat, bending combination beam, resistance strain gage, loading arm, static resistance strainmeter, it is characterized in that the fixedly connected column of general base left end intermediate vertical, the column upper end is the beam installation site, and plane, beam installation site is provided with four threaded holes and is used for installing the beam of uniform strength (non-uniform beam) and bending combination beam (thin-wall circular tube cross section); The fixedly connected locating piece of beam of uniform strength left end, locating piece are provided with four mounting holes, and the end position upper and lower surface has been pasted four pieces of resistance strain gages in the beam of uniform strength, and beam of uniform strength right-hand member vertically connects the live loaded bar, and the lower end of load bar connects the counterweight seat; The fixedly connected locating piece of bending combination beam left end, locating piece is provided with four mounting holes, four pieces of resistance strain gages have been pasted on the circumferential surface of bending combination beam left end and the mutually perpendicular four direction of axis, bending combination beam right-hand member vertical fixing connects loading arm, the other end of loading arm vertically connects the live loaded bar, and the lower end of load bar connects the counterweight seat.The signal of resistance strain gage input static resistance strainmeter on resistance strain gage and the bending combination beam on the beam of uniform strength, the static resistance strainmeter shows the size of strain value on the different beams behind the beam stress.
Technique effect of the present invention is: the obstructed exertin sensor of this experimental provision loads, without the dynamometry display instrument, adhering resistance strain sheets or resistance strain gage on the test beam test out the beam of uniform strength and bending combination beam cross section upper stress size with electrical measuring method, compare with theoretical value again.This experimental provision overcomes the defective that existing experimental facilities one machine can not be used more, adopt general base by the two kinds of beams that change the outfit, can finish a plurality of experiment contents of material mechanics experiment syllabus, magnitude of load directly loads with counterweight, maximum load load 500N, it is little, simple in structure to have more volume, loads accurately, be easy to dismounting, low cost and other advantages.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
In the drawings, 1. resistance strain gage 2. bending combination beams 3. loading arms 4. resistance strain gages 5. beam of uniform strengths 6. load bars 7. counterweight seats 8. columns 9. general base 10. linkage levelling screws 11. threaded holes 12. beam installation sites 13. mounting holes, 14. locating pieces.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the fixedly connected column of general base (9) left end intermediate vertical (8), column (8) upper end is beam installation site (12), and plane, beam installation site (12) is provided with four threaded holes (11) and is used for installing the beam of uniform strength (5) and bending combination beam (2); The fixedly connected locating piece of the beam of uniform strength (5) left end (14), locating piece (14) is provided with four mounting holes (13), the end position upper and lower surface has been pasted four pieces of resistance strain gages (4) in the beam of uniform strength (5), the beam of uniform strength (5) right-hand member vertically connects live loaded bar (6), and the lower end of load bar (6) connects counterweight seat (7); The fixedly connected locating piece of bending combination beam (2) left end (14), locating piece (14) is provided with four mounting holes (13), four pieces of right angle resistance strain gages (1) have been pasted on the circumferential surface of bending combination beam (2) left end and the mutually perpendicular four direction of axis, bending combination beam (2) right-hand member vertical fixing connects loading arm (3), the other end of loading arm (3) vertically connects live loaded bar (6), the lower end of load bar (6) connects counterweight seat (7), general base (9) lower end is connected with four linkage levelling screws (10), linkage levelling screw (10) transfers to horizontal level with general base (9), during use, the beam of uniform strength (5) left end locating piece (14) is fixed on the beam installation site (12) with four hex bolts, resistance strain gage (4) is inserted the static resistance strainmeter by different bridge circuits, add standard test weight at counterweight seat (7), add 100N at every turn, maximum is added to 500N, behind the beam of uniform strength (5) stress deformation stress is just arranged, the beam of uniform strength (5) is gone up resistance strain gage (4) just has strain to produce, the strain value size shows at the static resistance strainmeter, with strain value substitution computing formula, obtain the beam of uniform strength (5) and go up variable cross section place internal stress measured value.Bending combination beam (2) left end locating piece is fixed on the beam installation site (12) with four hex bolts, four groups of resistance strain gages (1) are inserted the static resistance strainmeter respectively by 1/4th bridge circuits, add standard test weight at counterweight seat (7), add 100N at every turn, maximum is added to 500N, behind bending combination beam (2) stress deformation stress is just arranged, bending combination beam (2) is gone up resistance strain gage (1) just has strain to produce, the strain value size shows at the static resistance strainmeter, with strain value substitution computing formula, obtain last four the some principle stress size and Orientation measured values of bending combination beam (2).Bending combination beam (2) left end locating piece is fixed on the beam installation site (12) with four hex bolts, with two measuring points up and down
Sheet forms half-bridge, with about two measuring points
With
Sheet forms full-bridge, with about two measuring points
With
Sheet is formed full-bridge, insert the static resistance strainmeter respectively, add standard test weight at counterweight seat (7), add 100N, maximum is added to 500N at every turn, on the xsect internal force element is just arranged behind bending combination beam (2) stress deformation, just there is strain to produce on the bending combination beam (2), the strain value size shows at the static resistance strainmeter, with strain value substitution computing formula, obtains bending combination beam (2) adhering resistance strain rosette (1) and locates moment of flexure on the xsect, moment of torsion, shearing measured value.
Principle of work of the present invention is: a kind of obstructed exertin sensor of the present invention loads, and without the dynamometry display instrument, tests principle stress size on the distribution of the beam of uniform strength (non-uniform beam) upper stress and the bending combination beam, direction, the plain mensuration of internal force with electrical measuring method.So-called electrical measuring method is as sensing element with resistance strain gage, convert the strain of tested component surface specified point to resistance variations, by electric wire strain gauge the variation that this resistance variations converts voltage (or electric current) to is also amplified again, scale with strain provides indication then, with the strain substitution actual measurement computing formula that obtains, just can obtain internal stress measured value on the beam of uniform strength and the bending combination beam, compare with measured value car following-theory value, the error of checking measured value.
After locating piece on the beam of uniform strength is fixed on the beam installation site with bolt, foil gauge on the beam of uniform strength inserts static resistance strainmeter (being connected into 1/4th bridges, half-bridge, full-bridge on request), after the counterweight seat is put standard test weight, the strain of resistance strain gage shows at the static resistance strainmeter on the beam of uniform strength, can do the stress test experiment on the beam of uniform strength variable cross section and confirm that this beam is the beam of uniform strength; The calibration experiment of resistance strain gage sensitivity coefficient K value; According to electrical bridge principle, the experiment of the group bridging exercise of three kinds of bridge circuits of electric bridge (1/4th bridges, half-bridge, full-bridge).The theoretical beam of uniform strength upper stress formula that calculates:
Beam of uniform strength upper stress formula is calculated in actual measurement
Be strain-ga(u)ge reading.After locating piece on the bending combination beam is fixed on the beam installation site with bolt, strain rosette on the bending combination beam is inserted the static resistance strainmeter respectively, after the counterweight seat is put standard test weight, the strain of resistance strain gage shows at the static resistance strainmeter on the bending combination beam, can do the determination experiment of four some principle stress size and Orientations on the bending combination beam; The determination experiment of internal force element (moment of flexure, moment of torsion, shearing) on the xsect under the distortion of bending combination beam; The determination experiment of torsional shear elastic constant G.
The theoretical principle stress size formula that calculates:
Principle stress size formula is calculated in actual measurement:
The theoretical principal direction of stress formula that calculates:
Be the principal direction of stress angle
The principal direction of stress formula is calculated in actual measurement:
Be the principal direction of stress angle
Theoretical calculated bending moment formula:
Be arm of force length
Actual measurement calculated bending moment formula:
Be strain-ga(u)ge reading
Theoretical calculated torque formula:
Be the radius of torsion
Actual measurement calculated torque formula:
Be strain-ga(u)ge reading
The theoretical shear stress for shear bending formula that calculates:
Be cross-sectional area
The shear stress for shear bending formula is calculated in actual measurement:
Be strain-ga(u)ge reading
The theoretical shearing elasticity constant formula that calculates:
Be Poisson ratio
Shearing elasticity constant formula is calculated in actual measurement:
The shearing strain that causes for moment of torsion.
Claims (1)
1. an electrical measuring method is tested beam of uniform strength bending combination beam internal stress experimental provision, it comprises general base, column, beam installation site, threaded hole, the beam of uniform strength, bending combination beam, locating piece, mounting hole, resistance strain gage, load bar, counterweight seat, bending combination beam, resistance strain gage, loading arm, static resistance strainmeter, it is characterized in that the fixedly connected column of general base left end intermediate vertical, the column upper end is the beam installation site, and plane, beam installation site is provided with four threaded holes and is used for installing the beam of uniform strength and bending combination beam; The fixedly connected locating piece of beam of uniform strength left end, locating piece are provided with four mounting holes, and the end position upper and lower surface has been pasted four pieces of resistance strain gages in the beam of uniform strength, and beam of uniform strength right-hand member vertically connects the live loaded bar, and the lower end of load bar connects the counterweight seat; The fixedly connected locating piece of bending combination beam left end, locating piece is provided with four mounting holes, four pieces of resistance strain gages have been pasted on the circumferential surface of bending combination beam left end and the mutually perpendicular four direction of axis, bending combination beam right-hand member vertical fixing connects loading arm, the other end of loading arm vertically connects the live loaded bar, the lower end of load bar connects the counterweight seat, the signal of resistance strain gage input static resistance strainmeter on resistance strain gage and the bending combination beam on the beam of uniform strength, the static resistance strainmeter shows the size of strain value on the different beams behind the beam stress.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103761910A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-04-30 | 河海大学 | Structural mechanics displacement method experimental device and structural mechanics displacement method presentation method |
| CN103791827A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Strain structure inside cross section corner sensor and calibration method thereof |
| CN104050848A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-09-17 | 安徽农业大学 | Material mechanics multi-experiment synchronous measuring device |
| CN104269088A (en) * | 2014-10-25 | 2015-01-07 | 安徽工程大学 | Mechanical experimental device and method for conducting experiment by applying same |
| CN104316230A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-01-28 | 大连海事大学 | Method and device for measuring vector force borne by cylindrical beam |
| CN106205310A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-12-07 | 安徽理工大学 | Simple resistance strain type sensor calibration system device and scaling method are made in a kind of experimental teaching by oneself |
| CN107633743A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-26 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of easy combination beam comprehensive experimental device |
| CN114184495A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-15 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Ship equivalent beam sensitivity coefficient calibration fixing device and measuring method |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103761910A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-04-30 | 河海大学 | Structural mechanics displacement method experimental device and structural mechanics displacement method presentation method |
| CN103761910B (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2016-05-25 | 河海大学 | A kind of structural mechanics displacement method experimental provision and structural mechanics displacement method demenstration method |
| CN103791827A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Strain structure inside cross section corner sensor and calibration method thereof |
| CN103791827B (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2016-06-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of strain-type inside configuration sectional twisting angle sensor and scaling method thereof |
| CN104050848A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-09-17 | 安徽农业大学 | Material mechanics multi-experiment synchronous measuring device |
| CN104269088A (en) * | 2014-10-25 | 2015-01-07 | 安徽工程大学 | Mechanical experimental device and method for conducting experiment by applying same |
| CN104316230A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-01-28 | 大连海事大学 | Method and device for measuring vector force borne by cylindrical beam |
| CN106205310A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-12-07 | 安徽理工大学 | Simple resistance strain type sensor calibration system device and scaling method are made in a kind of experimental teaching by oneself |
| CN107633743A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-26 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of easy combination beam comprehensive experimental device |
| CN114184495A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-15 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Ship equivalent beam sensitivity coefficient calibration fixing device and measuring method |
| CN114184495B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2024-01-26 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Ship equivalent Liang Lingmin degree coefficient calibration fixing device and determination method |
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Application publication date: 20130814 |