CN103235294A - Method for estimating weak signal separation on basis of positioning for external radiation sources - Google Patents
Method for estimating weak signal separation on basis of positioning for external radiation sources Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for estimating weak signal separation on the basis of positioning for external radiation sources. The method includes steps of performing direct-wave and multi-path cancellation for a sample sequence x (t) of a main channel by means of NLMS (normalized least mean square) to obtain output signals y<NLMS>(t); estimating the number of source signals of the output signals y<NLMS>(t) by an AIC (Akaike information criterion) or an MDL (minimum description length) criterion, preliminarily whitening the output signals y<NLMS>(t) to obtain whitened signals z(t), and updating a separation matrix W by an ICA (independent component analysis) algorithm to obtain M channels of estimated signals y(t); respectively performing time-frequency two-dimensional correlation for the M channels of estimated signals y<1>(t), ..., y<M>(t) and reference signals s<ref>(t); and searching a peak point in absolute correlation values phi<i>(tau, f) corresponding to the M channels of estimated signals, and determining time delay and Doppler frequency shift which correspond to the peak point as time delay and Doppler frequency shift of a target when a signal-to-noise ratio of a certain channel of signals is larger than or equal to a threshold value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to signal processing technology, be specifically related to the feeble signal isolation technics.
Background technology
The passive location technology, because transmitting-receiving separates, itself does not initiatively transmit, and only is that information by passive reception external radiation source realizes the technology of locating.Compare with active localization method, it is far away that the passive location method has operating distance, and interference performance is strong, has the ability of lobe-on-receive, location and tracking to target.The passive location technology can be divided into radiation source location and location, external radiation source.The radiation source location mainly is to utilize the signal of target self institute radiation to position, location, external radiation source then is to utilize third party's radiation or external radiation, general civilian TV signal, broadcast singal, signal of communication, the satellite that adopts known geographical locations, and civilian radiation source such as cellular base station etc.Be characterized in, if utilize a plurality of external radiation source signals, will greatly strengthen the power range of receiving station and to the reconnaissance capability of low detectable target.
Outside in the research of radiation source positioning system, be that the passive location systematic study in external radiation source is paid close attention to by lot of domestic and foreign research institution and scholar with the broadcast singal, become a research focus.The principle signal of such positioning system as shown in Figure 1, radar is to receiving direct wave, the echo of moving target, the direct wave of other common-frequency broadcasting launching tower transmission and the echo of other object reflection that including of signal comes from broadcast emission tower itself, such as the still life echo of various buildings reflections.Therefore, the target echo signal that radar receives in the signal is extremely faint, and is submerged in the various interference.In actual applications, be the enough power ranges of assurance system, receiver need have high sensitivity to receive faint moving-target reflected signal.On the other hand, because the region of civilian broadcast system has broadcast emission tower at the emission broadcast singal at target detection zone periphery, and, when the employed broadcast singal of these Signals ﹠ Systems frequency together, will form co-channel interference.Therefore, the signal that the broadcast singal of launching except the launching tower of known location in the signal of receiving in receiving station's antenna main lobe and this signal interested moving-target of process and still life reflect, also comprise the common-frequency broadcasting signal of close region broadcast emission tower, this signal becomes the undesired signal of positioning system.
Traditional co-channel interference signal inhibition method is by airspace filter the direction of arrival of co-channel interference to be carried out trap, thereby its filtering from receive signal is gone out, and again the signal after the filtering is done time delay, Doppler shift, direction of arrival DOA estimation to target.Yet, when the aspect ratio of co-channel interference signal and target near the time, traditional method can also filter out target simultaneously, can not make estimation to the parameters of target effectively again.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, proposes under a kind of strong jamming and the low signal-to-noise ratio condition can to realize extracting the weak target echoed signal based on the feeble signal separation method of location, broadcast singal external radiation source.
The present invention is that the technical scheme that solves the problems of the technologies described above the lock employing is, a kind of feeble signal based on location, external radiation source is separated method of estimation, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: the take over party carries out bandpass sampling respectively to the modulation signal that the pending main channel array modulation signal that receives and reference antenna receive, and obtains main channel sample sequence x (t) and reference sample sequence s
Ref(t), wherein t represents sampling instant, and sampling length is L;
Step 2: utilize normalization minimum mean-square two to take advantage of NLMS implementation direct wave and multipath to offset to main channel sample sequence x (t) and obtain output signal output signal y
NLMS(t);
Step 3: utilize red pond information criterion AIC or minimum description length MDL criterion to output signal y
NLMS(t) implement the source signal number and estimate, estimate source signal number M, then to output signal y
NLMS(t) carry out signal z (t) after prewhitening obtains albefaction, use independent component analysis ICA algorithm to upgrade separation matrix W, the M road estimated signal y (t) that obtains, y (t)=Wz (t)=y
1(t) ..., y
M(t);
Step 4: with M road estimated signal y
1(t) ..., y
M(t) respectively with reference signal s
Ref(t) do that time-frequency two-dimensional is relevant to obtain corresponding correlation | Ψ
i(τ, f) |,
I=3 ..., M, * represents conjugation, and L is bandpass sampling length, and τ is time delay, f Doppler shift;
Step 5: respectively at the correlation of M road estimated signal correspondence | Ψ
i(τ, f) | middle search peak point, with the time delay of each road signal peak value point correspondence and Doppler shift as a useful signal, calculate each road signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), as a certain road signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) during more than or equal to threshold value, time delay and the Doppler shift that time delay and the Doppler of its peak point correspondence is defined as a target frequently then, otherwise judge and do not have target.
The present invention has adopted based on the whitening approach that is applicable to the blind extraction of feeble signal, can be implemented in and to realize under strong jamming and the low signal-to-noise ratio condition extracting interested weak target echoed signal, help back two dimension coherent matched filter to extract time delay and the Doppler shift of target.
Further, the present invention also carries out following steps by echoed signal match estimating target direction of arrival DOA after step 5:
Step 6: utilize the time delay of target and Doppler shift that reference signal is carried out match, obtain target echo signal s (t),
τ wherein
dFor estimating the time delay of target, f
dFor estimating the Doppler shift of target;
Step 7: the DOA that utilizes target echo signal s (t) and main channel sample sequence x (t) to carry out known waveform estimates, estimates the DOA of target.
Use echoed signal match estimating target direction of arrival DOA can realize the measurement parameter pairing, avoid the data association, reduced calculated amount, more accurately estimating target DOA.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, can be implemented in and accurately extract interested weak target echoed signal under strong jamming and the low signal-to-noise ratio condition, to realize location and the tracking to target.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: based on the system principle synoptic diagram of location, broadcasting external radiation source.
Fig. 2: signal handling principle figure of the present invention.
Fig. 3: the time-frequency two-dimensional correlogram of estimating target one during initial time.
Fig. 4: the time-frequency two-dimensional correlogram of estimating target two during initial time.
Embodiment
Signal processing flow is as shown in Figure 2:
Step 1: the take over party carries out bandpass sampling respectively to the modulation signal that the pending main channel array modulation signal that receives and reference antenna receive, and obtains main channel sample sequence x (t) and reference sample sequence s
Ref(t), wherein t represents sampling instant, and sampling length is L;
Step 2: utilize normalization minimum mean-square two to take advantage of NLMS implementation direct wave and multipath to offset to main channel sample sequence x (t) and obtain output signal output signal y
NLMS(t); Direct wave and multipath offset to the known technology in the existing co-channel interference signal inhibition method, do not give unnecessary details at this;
Step 3: utilize red pond information criterion AIC or minimum description length MDL criterion to output signal y
NLMS(t) implement the source signal number and estimate, estimate source signal number M, then to output signal y
NLMS(t) carry out signal z (t) after prewhitening obtains albefaction, use the quick independent component analysis nc-FastICA of non-round complex signal algorithm to upgrade separation matrix W, the M road estimated signal y (t) that obtains, y (t)=Wz (t)=y
1(t) ..., y
M(t); Other existing ICA algorithms are equally applicable to the calculating of separation matrix W, and are quicker than other ICA algorithm at this nc-FastICA algorithm of selecting for use;
Step 4: with M road estimated signal y
1(t) ..., y
M(t) respectively with reference signal s
Ref(t) do that time-frequency two-dimensional is relevant to obtain corresponding correlation | Ψ
i(τ, f) |,
I=1 ..., M, * represents conjugation, and L is bandpass sampling length, and τ is time delay, f Doppler shift;
Step 5: respectively at the correlation of M road estimated signal correspondence | Ψ
i(τ, f) | middle search peak point (τ
d, f
d), with each road signal peak value point (τ
d, f
d) corresponding time delay and Doppler shift be as a useful signal, calculates each road signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio)
Be illustrated in the estimated signal of i road and do not comprise | Ψ
i(τ
d, f
d) | all | Ψ
i(τ, f) | average, as a certain road signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) during more than or equal to threshold value 13dB, time delay and the Doppler shift that time delay and the Doppler of its peak point correspondence is defined as a target frequently then, otherwise judge and do not have target;
Step 6: utilize the time delay of target and Doppler shift that reference signal is carried out match, obtain target echo signal s (t),
τ wherein
dFor estimating the time delay of target, f
dFor estimating the Doppler shift of target;
Step 7: the DOA that utilizes target echo signal s (t) and main channel sample sequence x (t) to carry out known waveform estimates, estimates the DOA of target.1 to M road signal carries out relevantly among the target echo signal s (t) that at first calculates match and the main channel sample sequence x (t), obtains correlation matrix
I=1 ..., M, * represents conjugation, H represents conjugate transpose; Or
Be matrix matched filtering function, i:i+m
kThe i to i+m of the 1st row of matrix is got in-1 expression
k-1 row,
m
kFor carrying out consequent level and smooth submatrix array number earlier; It is level and smooth to make forward direction, constructor array compound matrice W,
R=M-m
k, before and after remaking to smoothly
Wherein,
Be m
k* m
kOppose the angular moment battle array; Afterwards, ask W
FbAutocorrelation matrix, and carry out eigenwert and decompose EVD, obtain the eigenwert decomposition result
Calculate the order R of Q, get in the matrix V the 1st to R row and obtain matrix V
k=V (:, 1:R); The pseudo-spectrum of structure is carried out spectrum peak search at last
a
1(θ) be array flow pattern vector, the maximum of points θ of search
MaxBe exactly the DOA of target.
In order to verify effect of the present invention, be the stereophonic FM broadcasting signal with the independent random signal before mixing, the sound signal passband that is used for modulation is 30Hz～15KHz, maximum frequency deviation ± 75Hz, the pre-emphasis time constant is 50 μ s, the sample frequency of simulate signal is 882KHz, and modulation back signal passband is 200KHz.The sound signal that is used for modulation in first frequency modulation broadcasting simulate signal is one section symphony, the centre frequency of modulation back signal is 200KHz, second fm broadcast signal is one section soprano's solo for the sound signal of modulating, the centre frequency of modulation back signal is 200.3KHz, and the power of two fm broadcast signals all remains 1.Two signals highly overlap on frequency domain, can't be separated with the bandpass filter of routine.Emulation platform operating system is WINXP, adopts MATLAB to compile.
The Track In Track experiment that the signal processing flow of embodiment carries out under the binocular target situation, simulate signal parameter and simulate signal target component are as follows:
Table 1: simulate signal parameter
| Signal | Time delay (e-4) | Amplitude fading (dB) | DOA(°) | Doppler shift (Hz) |
| Main direct wave s 1 | 0 | 0 | -50 | ? |
| Target echo s 2 | 3.064 | -50 | -40 | 17.81 |
| Target echo s 3 | 3.2285 | -50 | -30 | 30.85 |
| Interference due to the adjacent station s 4 | 0 | -20 | 49 | ? |
| Main platform one multipath s 5 | 2.26e-2 | -20 | 20 | ? |
| Main platform two multipath s 6 | 4.52e-2 | -25 | 10 | ? |
Table 2: simulate signal target component
| Parameter | Distance (km) | The orientation (°) | Speed (m/s) | Heading (°) | Decay (dB) |
| Target one | 92 | -40 | 90 | 165 | -50 |
| Target two | 82 | -30 | 150 | 95 | -50 |
In the experiment, the distance of establishing between frequency modulation cell site and the radar station is 60km, and establishing initial time is 0, and every the 10s once sampling, the sampling duration is 1s, 9 groups of sampled datas.
Table 3 and table 4 are listed the contrast between target one and target two parameters estimated values and the actual value respectively.
Table 3: the parameter comparison of target one
Table 4: the parameter comparison of target two
The time-frequency two-dimensional correlogram of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 provide respectively when being initial time estimating target one, target two, more accurate and peak value is clearly to the parameter estimation of target one as can be seen, and from table 3 and table 4 as can be seen present embodiment can be good at estimating the parameters of target, the truer flight path of simulated target.
Claims (5)
1. the feeble signal based on location, external radiation source is separated method of estimation, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: the take over party carries out bandpass sampling respectively to the modulation signal that the pending main channel array modulation signal that receives and reference antenna receive, and obtains main channel sample sequence x (t) and reference sample sequence s
Ref(t), wherein t represents sampling instant, and sampling length is L;
Step 2: utilize normalization minimum mean-square two to take advantage of NLMS implementation direct wave and multipath to offset to main channel sample sequence x (t) and obtain output signal output signal y
NLMS(t);
Step 3: utilize red pond information criterion AIC or minimum description length MDL criterion to output signal y
NLMS(t) implement the source signal number and estimate, estimate source signal number M, then to output signal y
NLMS(t) carry out signal z (t) after prewhitening obtains albefaction, use independent component analysis ICA algorithm to upgrade separation matrix W, the M road estimated signal y (t) that obtains, y (t)=Wz (t)=y
1(t) ..., y
M(t);
Step 4: with M road estimated signal y
1(t) ..., y
M(t) respectively with reference signal s
Ref(t) do that time-frequency two-dimensional is relevant to obtain corresponding correlation | Ψ
i(τ, f) |,
I=3 ..., M, * represents conjugation, and L is bandpass sampling length, and τ is that time delay, f are Doppler shift;
Step 5: respectively at the correlation of M road estimated signal correspondence | Ψ
i(τ, f) | middle search peak point, with the time delay of each road signal peak value point correspondence and Doppler shift as a useful signal, calculate each road signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), as a certain road signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) during more than or equal to threshold value, time delay and the Doppler shift that time delay and the Doppler of its peak point correspondence is defined as a target frequently then, otherwise judge and do not have target.
2. a kind of feeble signal based on location, external radiation source is separated method of estimation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprises after the step 5:
Step 6: utilize the time delay of target and Doppler shift that reference signal is carried out match, obtain target echo signal s (t),
τ wherein
dFor estimating the time delay of target, f
dFor estimating the Doppler shift of target;
Step 7: the DOA that utilizes target echo signal s (t) and main channel sample sequence x (t) to carry out known waveform estimates, estimates the DOA of target.
3. a kind of feeble signal based on location, external radiation source is separated method of estimation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described independent component analysis ICA algorithm is specially the quick independent component analysis nc-FastICA of non-round complex signal algorithm.
4. a kind of feeble signal based on location, external radiation source is separated method of estimation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that each road signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is
Wherein,
Be illustrated in the estimated signal of i road and do not comprise | Ψ
i(τ
d, f
d) | all | Ψ
i(τ, f) | average.
5. separate method of estimation as a kind of feeble signal based on location, external radiation source as described in the claim 4, it is characterized in that described threshold value is 13dB.
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Application publication date: 20130807 |