CN103201768B - Identification to each sub regions of the calcification scoring to be carried out of cardiovascular system - Google Patents

Identification to each sub regions of the calcification scoring to be carried out of cardiovascular system Download PDF

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CN103201768B
CN103201768B CN201180054115.3A CN201180054115A CN103201768B CN 103201768 B CN103201768 B CN 103201768B CN 201180054115 A CN201180054115 A CN 201180054115A CN 103201768 B CN103201768 B CN 103201768B
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subregion
calcification
cardiovascular
view data
different
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CN103201768A (en
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I·韦希特尔-施特勒
R·克内泽尔
J·威斯
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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Abstract

A kind of method includes the multiple different anatomy subregion identifying the cardiovascular system of described object based on object specificity cardiovascular anatomic model in the view data of object, and wherein, the plurality of different region is corresponding to occurring the region of calcification;The calcification that the intensity level of voxel gray values based on described view data is searched for and identified in described subregion;And generate the signal of the one or more voxel areas corresponding with the subregion including identified calcification respectively indicating described view data.A kind of calculating system (118) includes the processor automatically determining the multiple different group of voxels of the view data of object, wherein, each group of voxels is corresponding to the different subregions of the cardiovascular system of described object, and each group of voxels is corresponding to being included in described view data the region of the calcification identified.

Description

Identification to each sub regions of the calcification scoring to be carried out of cardiovascular system
Technical field
Hereafter relate generally to imaging, more specifically, relate to the calcium to be carried out identifying cardiovascular system Change each sub regions of scoring, and be hereafter the concrete application combining computer tomography (CT) And describe;But, the most general it is applicable to other image modes.
Background technology
Computer tomography (CT) scanning device includes X-ray tube, its launch traverses with And the radiation of a part for the target that lies within or object.Detector detection traverses Radiation, and generate the data for projection of the radiation that instruction is detected.Reconstructor reconstructed projection data, and Generate the volumetric image data of the part of the target in instruction inspection area or object.
Cardiac CT scan to coronary artery calcification is a kind of acquisition about the calcified plaque in coronary artery The non-invasive manner of the information of the existence of block, position and scope.Generally, calcified plaque is in intra-arterial Under Ceng by fat and/or the deposition that constitutes of other materials, its may indicate that atherosclerosis or The existence of coronary artery disease, this imply that the risk of heart attack.Owing to calcification is coronary artery The mark of disease, thus people are by being commonly called the process of calcification scoring by the calcium in CT data The amount changed is quantified as calcification score value.
Conventionally, there are two kinds of main calcification marking schemes.The first is automatic calcification scoring, The program is that the overall situation is implemented, consequently only that an overall calcification score value.Another kind is that artificial calcification is commented Point, wherein, user uses software application manually to distinguish zones of different coronarius, and for described Zones of different determine calcification score value.Regrettably, such method can be not always all Patient granularity interested is provided.
Such as, for Wicresoft's aortic valve is implanted, aortic valve, aortic bulb, left ventricle stream The spatial distribution engaged in this profession with paraaortic calcified plaque is very for the planning of risk assessment and process Important.Calcification in aorta decides the method for touching;The amount of the calcification on valve is to support just Really the selection of diameter has impact;The stability of support is existed by the calcification distribution on three (3) individual lobules Impact;There is impact in the stability on implanting support of the calcification on left ventricular outflow tract.
In view of the problems referred to above, exist need to be met to novel and non-obvious calcification scoring The demand of scheme.
Summary of the invention
The various aspects of the application solve above and other problem.
According to an aspect, a kind of method includes based on object specificity cardiovascular anatomic model right The view data of elephant identifies the multiple different anatomy subregion of the cardiovascular system of described object, Wherein, corresponding to there is the region of calcification in the plurality of different region;Based on described view data The calcification that the intensity level of voxel gray values is searched for and identified in described subregion;And it is described to generate instruction One or more voxel areas corresponding with the subregion including identified calcification respectively of view data Signal.
On the other hand according to, a kind of calculate system include automatically determining object view data multiple not With the processor of group of voxels, wherein, each group of voxels corresponds to the cardiovascular system of described object not Same subregion, each group of voxels is corresponding to comprising the region of the calcification identified in described view data.
According on the other hand, a kind of method includes each difference automatically determining the cardiovascular system of object The calcification score value of subregion also makes it visualize.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention can be with the form taking various parts and parts to arrange, and various step and step peace The form of row.The effect of accompanying drawing is to illustrate preferred embodiment, it is not considered that it is to the present invention It is construed as limiting.
Fig. 1 combines calcification scorer and shows a kind of imaging system.
Fig. 2 shows the example of described calcification scorer.
Fig. 3 shows a kind of method for promoting calcification to mark.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the imaging system of one such as computer tomography (CT) scanning device 100.
Scanning device 100 includes scanning constant frame 102 and rotatable gantry 104, and the latter is with rotatable side Formula is by the support of scanning constant frame 102.Rotatable gantry 104 around the longitudinal axis or z-axis around inspection Region 106 rotates.The patient support 108 of such as bed supports the patient in inspection area 106, its The rotation of rotatable gantry 104 can be coordinated to be moved along the z-axis, with promote spiral, axially or its He expects scanning track.
The radiation source 110 of such as X-ray tube by the support of rotatable gantry 104 and therewith encloses Rotate around inspection area 106.Radiation source 110 is launched and is radiated by source collimating device collimation, to generate Traverses 106 basic in fan-shaped, wedge shape or the radiant flux of taper.Radiation-sensitive detects Device array 112 detects the radiation of traverses 106 and generates the throwing of the radiation that instruction is detected Shadow data.
Reconstructor 114 reconstructed projection data, and generate the volumetric image data of instruction inspection area 106. General-purpose computing system plays a part operator's console 116, and it includes the output of such as display The input equipment of device and such as keyboard, mouse etc..The software being present on control station 116 allows The operation of operator control system 100, such as, it allows operator to start scanning etc..
The calculating system 118 of such as work station, computer etc. is configured to process view data. Calculating system 118 includes one or more processor 120 and uses computer-readable instruction (such as, Software program) encode or the computer-readable recording medium that embedded in described computer-readable instruction 122(such as, physical storage), described instruction when being performed by one or more processors 120 will Calculating system 118 is made to perform various function.Storage medium 122 also stores data 124.
Such instruction includes the instruction for realizing carrying out the calcification scorer 126 of calcification scoring.Will Calcification scorer 126 is configured to automatically and/or semi-automatically consideration carries out the heart area of calcification scoring Spatial distribution, hereafter will give more detailed description to this.Such as, for for coronary artery disease For sick calcification scoring, calcification scorer 126 can determine each interested of cardiovascular system The calcification score value of part.
Graphic user interface (GUI) can be passed through and such as present according to form interested in every way The subset of heart area or the calcification score value of all parts and/or combination score value, in the table, Each result is made to be associated with corresponding anatomic model.Alternatively, or in addition, can be by coloring Or other labellings make this association visualization, and/or user can select via the mutual GUI of user Show the part of the described anatomic model of the calcification score value of correspondence.In addition or, it is possible to by calcification Score value is mapped on the surface of anatomic model.
With one or more input equipment (such as, one or more COM1s 128 are arranged for carrying out Keyboard, mouse etc.), one or more output device (such as, display, printer etc.), one Or multiple equipment (such as, calculating system, pocket memory etc.), one or more data storage bank, System 100(such as, control station 116 and/or reconstructor 114) etc. communication.Graphics controller 130 Data are processed, thus it is presented in human readable format the supervision of such as display 132 On device.
Although storage medium 122 is shown as single parts it should be appreciated that storage medium 122 is permissible Including multiple memory element, including be in calculating system 118 this locality storage device and/or relative to based on Calculation system 118 is in the storage device of outside.Similarly, processor 120 can cross over different meters Calculation system is distributed.Additionally, calculating system 118 can be the part of control station 116, or vice versa as the same, Or may be located remotely from system 100.Additionally, the one or more processor can be additionally or as replacing The instruction entrained by instantaneous medium of substitute performance such as signal or carrier wave.
Fig. 2 shows the example of calcification scorer 126.
In this example, calcification scorer 126 utilizes and based on model is segmented in whole three-dimensional (3D) One or more search of the every part for anatomical structure interested are determined in view data body Region, and determine calcification score value for described region of search.
Shown calcification scorer 126 includes patient model's maker 202, and it is based on reconstructor 114 Or the view data of other system generation and one or more algorithm generate (whole body or certain organs ) patient-specific model.In the embodiment illustrated, patient model's maker 202 uses all Algorithm based on model 204 such as partitioning algorithm based on model generates patient model.Shown In embodiment, algorithm 204 and/or other algorithms one or more are stored in algorithm storage device In 206.
In this example, by general cardiovascular system modeling is adjusted be allowed to be suitable for specific trouble The image of person and generate patient-specific model.Generally, universal model describes each of cardiovascular system The shape of sub regions, change and outward appearance.Patient model's maker 202 by about shape knowledge with Knowledge separation about picture appearance is opened, and this facilitates and adjusts.Additionally, described universal model includes Order that Controlling model is adjusted and the information of parameter.
At Ecabert et al., " Automatic Model-Based Segmentation of the Heart in CT Images, " IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, the 27th (9) volume, 1189-1201 Page, describes the example of appropriate algorithm in 2008.At J.Weese et al., " Patient-Specific Heart Models for Diagnosis and Interventions, " MEDICAMUNDI, the 53rd (3) Volume, describes another example of appropriate algorithm by the 72-78 page in 2009.Here it is also contemplated that other Algorithm, based on segmentation and/or is not based on the algorithm split including other.
Region of search evaluator 208 for described view data represents it may be found that the structure of calcification One or more region of search is identified based on described patient model.In one non-limiting embodiment, Region growing scheme can be used to realize this purpose, the program around mark region in from model Surface start, or there may be in described model extra in cutting procedure along with model quilt The structure of dynamic movement.Each region of search is all uniquely identified or labelling (such as, by color, Text, highlight), and corresponding to the different interest regions of cardiovascular system.
As a non-limitative example, the first region of search is corresponding to being assigned the room of the first color Room (AV) lobule 1, the second region of search corresponds to be assigned the AV lobule 2 of the second color, the Three regions of search are corresponding to being assigned the AV lobule 3 of the 3rd color, and the 4th region of search corresponds to quilt Being assigned with the Bicuspid valve of the 4th color, the 5th region of search is corresponding to being assigned the left heart of the 5th color Room (LV) efferent tract, the 6th region of search is corresponding to being assigned the ball of the 6th color, and the 7th searches for Region is corresponding to being assigned the aorta of the 7th color, and the 8th region of search is corresponding to being assigned the The left ostium of eight colors, the 9th region of search corresponds to be assigned the right ostium of the 9th color, etc..
Calcification location in the calcification localizer 210 region of search to identifying.A non-limiting reality Execute in example, this purpose can be realized based on one or more predetermined thresholds 212, such as, described threshold Value is the threshold value from threshold value storage device 214 and/or other storage devices.Selected threshold value should be use up May be low, to identify calcification, but the most sufficiently high, to distinguish calcification and surrounding tissue.Can be in order to With patient model and/or by other means based on the mean intensity in the adjacent structure of every part The threshold value of every part is calculated respectively with standard deviation.
In one example, described threshold value depends on the blood pool (blood near identified region of search Pool) image intensity (such as, mean intensity adds allowance), it depends on the concentration of contrast agent.Can With the label according to corresponding region of search, the calcification identified is made a mark.Such as, if at two Calcification is positioned at first area, and at one, calcification is positioned at second area, then use first to be similar in color Mark calcification at two in first area, use the second color mark to go out the calcification in second area.
Voxel evaluator 216 identifies corresponding with the calcified regions positioned in described view data Individual or multiple group of voxels.In one non-limiting embodiment, it can include making calcification district grow into Outside the region of search identified, and identify the voxel in the described region outside identified region of search. It is likewise possible to the voxel identified is made a mark according to the label of corresponding region of search.Such as, If identified for the first and second voxel areas positioning calcification at two, then use the similarly The voxel that one color mark is identified.
Calcification quantizer 218 quantifies the calcification in the voxel identified, thus generates different region of search And/or the calcification score value of the structure represented by it.Any of and/or other calcifications scoring can be utilized Algorithm generates described calcification score value.
The image processor 220 voxel to being identified and/or calcification score value carry out various process, thus logical Cross display 132(Fig. 1) and/or other display it is carried out vision and presents.
In one example, image processor 220 is for the structure corresponding with the region of search identified In each one generate form.Such as, table 1 below illustrates the non-limiting of region listed above Example.Although not shown, but the data during either rank or two arranges all can be by corresponding to above The color of the structure label pointed out presents.
Structure Calcification score value
AV lobule 1 39mm2
AV lobule 2 17mm2
AV lobule 3 34mm2
Bicuspid valve 1253mm2
LV efferent tract 42mm2
Ball 85mm2
Aorta 1579mm2
Left ostium 220mm2
Right ostium 0mm2
Table 1 calcification score value
Alternatively, or in addition, calcification score value can be mapped to anatomic model by image processor 220 On, and in the way of visual, present described anatomic model and calcification score value in the gui.Can be via The color corresponding with different structure and/or table entries, alphanumeric text, highlighted and/or other modes Calcification score value is presented together with described anatomic model in the way of visual.
Alternatively, or in addition, calcification score value can be mapped to anatomic model by image processor 220 On, and in the way of visual, the most only present described anatomic model.In this case, use Family can make mouse pointer or other pointing devices represent in resting on GUI, and anatomy interested is tied On the area-of-interest of structure, and using mouse etc. to click on such region, user can also pass through keyboard Select area-of-interest, and/or otherwise identify area-of-interest.As response, it is possible to As described in being shown by alphanumeric character, color, audio frequency and/or other modes as literary composition is discussed Calcification score value.
Alternatively, or in addition, calcification score value can be mapped in view data by image processor 220, Cross-section (axially) of such as volumetric image data, crown, sagittal and/or oblique slice, 3D or 4D View and/or the view data shown otherwise visually.In this case, it is possible to as in literary composition Described calcification is presented according to the mode making view data and the informational linkage in table 1 get up as discussion Score value, and/or present described calcification score value when identifying area-of-interest.
Alternatively, or in addition, calcification score value can be mapped to anatomic model by image processor 220 Surface on.In this case, it is possible to the surface being perpendicular to model calculates profiles (profile). Can use and make described value normalization, thus this locality blood pool image intensity is mapped to zero.Afterwards, edge is calculated The integration of described profile, and map that on the surface of patient contours, so that its visualization.
Can use color or the instruction of other labellings relatively or (the example such as degree absolute, severity, risk As, the high severity of red expression, the low severity of green expression, use one or more other color tables Show severity between two parties).The top surface that transparency can be used to be arranged through anatomic model sees having The underlying surfaces of labelling, if so this underlying surfaces will not covered by top surface, it is impossible to see.If Do not have any quantitative measure to be mapped on described surface, then can not do normalized in the case of Use the maximum intensity along described profile.
Various known visualization technique can be used, including scaling, yawing, rotation, transparence, Segmentation (removal of structure) etc. realizes the data that vision presents.
One or more calcification score values that proposer 222 determines based on calcification quantizer 218 generate instruction The signal of proposal action (with other optional information).In one example, it is proposed that device 222 is institute That identify and that calcification score value is assigned particular anatomical structure is raw based on the calcification score value distributed Become suggestion.In another example, it is proposed that device 222 is spy based on the calcification score value distributing to other structures Determine anatomical structure and generate suggestion.In another example, it is proposed that device 222 is based on being assigned with calcification score value Multiple structures calcification score value collect for particular anatomical structural generation advise.
Suitable suggestion includes but not limited to one or more intervention procedure, one or more extra survey Examination, the change of patient diet, the change of patient activity, the Drug therapy of patient and/or other suggestions. Such as, it is proposed that can include the inlet point of suggestion device to be implanted, such as, described device is tool There is Wicresoft's aortic valve implant.In another example, it is proposed that can include that suggestion is to be implanted The size of device, such as, the diameter of support to be implanted, and the most possible bracket stable is provided The information of property.Above-mentioned example is nonrestrictive, it is proposed that device 222 can also provide other suggestion and/or Information.
Fig. 3 shows a kind of subregion one or more interested for determining cardiovascular system The exemplary method of calcification score value.
It should be appreciated that the order of above-mentioned action is nonrestrictive.Therefore, it is contemplated that it here He is sequentially.Furthermore, it is possible to omit one or more action, and/or one or many can be comprised The action that item is extra.
In 302, it is thus achieved that view data.Figure can be generated by reconstructor 114 and/or other system As data.
In 304, based on the anatomical structure that view data and general anatomical model generation are interested Patient-specific model.
In 306, in described view data, identify region of search based on described patient model.
In 308, one or more regions of search identify calcification.As described herein, can adopt By thresholding and/or other technologies.
In 310, the region of the surrounding of the calcification of identification is determined.
In 312, identify the group of voxels corresponding to described zones of different.
In 314, determine the calcification score value of different groups respectively.
In 316, in every way described calcification score value is carried out vision and present.
As described in the text, in one example, it can include generating and presenting area-of-interest Map to the form of calcification score value;By color or other means, calcification score value is reflected by the way of visual The correspondence position being incident upon on anatomic model;Make calcification score value and the correspondence position phase on anatomic model Association, wherein, selects a certain position the calcification score value being correlated with will to be presented;By calcification score value It is mapped in the way of visual on the surface of anatomic model, to indicate the relative or the tightest of doped calcium Severe.
Can realize aforesaid operations by computer-readable instruction, described instruction is being subsequently can by computer device During execution, the action described by processor execution will be made.In this case, by described instruction storage In computer-readable recording medium that is relevant to correlation computer or that can be accessed by it.Described The execution of action is not necessarily and data acquisition depositing.
The present invention is described by reference to various embodiments.While description in reading literary composition, ability Field technique personnel are it is contemplated that modifications and variations.This means, it should be inferred as the present invention including institute There are this type of modifications and variations in the range of claims or its equivalency that fall.

Claims (12)

1. a recognition methods, including:
In the view data of object, described object is identified based on object specificity cardiovascular anatomic model The multiple different anatomy subregion of cardiovascular system, wherein, the plurality of different anatomy Corresponding to there is the region of calcification in subregion;
In the intensity level of voxel gray values based on described view data is searched for and is identified described subregion Calcification;
Using the calcification in predetermined threshold value identification subregion, wherein, first threshold is for the plurality of Different the first subregions in anatomy subregion, Second Threshold is used for the plurality of different dissection The second subregion in scholar region, and described first threshold and described Second Threshold be different; And
Generate corresponding with the subregion including identified calcification respectively one indicating described view data Individual or the signal of multiple voxel areas.
Method the most according to claim 1, also includes:
Obtain the general anatomical model of described cardiovascular system;And
Described in described general anatomical model generation based on described view data and described cardiovascular system Object specificity cardiovascular anatomic model.
Method the most according to claim 1, wherein, described threshold value is based on the blood near subregion The intensity level in pond.
Method the most according to claim 3, wherein, described threshold value intensity based on described blood pool The meansigma methods of value adds allowance.
5. according to the method according to any one of claim 1 to 4, wherein, described threshold value is based on institute State the mean intensity in the structure of the neighbouring described subregion in object specificity cardiovascular model and standard Deviation.
6., according to the method according to any one of claim 1 to 4, also include:
The corresponding with the subregion including identified calcification respectively of described view data is indicated generating After the signal of one or more voxel areas, determine that the calcification of at least one in described subregion divides Value.
Method the most according to claim 6, also includes:
Make at least one in described voxel areas enter outside growing into the anatomy subregion of correspondence to expand Territory, exhibition section;And
Calcification score value is determined based on described extended area.
Method the most according to claim 6, also includes:
Described calcification score value is presented together with the corresponding son indicating described anatomy subregion in the way of visual The labelling in region.
Method the most according to claim 8, also includes:
Different colors is made to be associated with each in described subregion;
Use corresponding color for described subregion, thus in the way of visual, present described calcification divide Value is together with described labelling;And
Utilize the corresponding color of described subregion to identify that described object specificity cardiovascular is dissected Learn the subregion in model, thus in the way of visual, present object specificity cardiovascular anatomic model.
Method the most according to claim 6, also includes:
Generate between described calcification score value and described object specificity cardiovascular anatomic model and map;
Described object specificity cardiovascular anatomic model is presented in the way of visual;And
Signal in response to the user's input receiving instruction selection subregion presents institute in the way of visual State the calcification score value of subregion.
11. methods according to claim 6, also include:
Determine the relative severity of described calcification score value;
To the color that different severity distribution is different;
Life between the surface of described relative severity and described object specificity cardiovascular anatomic model Become to map;And
Utilize distribute to that the described different color of described severity identifies in corresponding subregion described Severity relatively, thus in the way of visual, present described object specificity cardiovascular anatomic model.
12. methods according to claim 11, also include:
Transparence value is distributed to described surface;And
Utilize described different color to identify in the corresponding subregion after described surface described relatively Severity, thus in the way of visual, present described object specificity cardiovascular anatomic model.
CN201180054115.3A 2010-11-12 2011-11-09 Identification to each sub regions of the calcification scoring to be carried out of cardiovascular system Active CN103201768B (en)

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US41292110P 2010-11-12 2010-11-12
US61/412,921 2010-11-12
PCT/IB2011/054988 WO2012063204A1 (en) 2010-11-12 2011-11-09 Identifying individual sub-regions of the cardiovascular system for calcium scoring

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CN103201768B true CN103201768B (en) 2016-11-30

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007058997A2 (en) * 2005-11-11 2007-05-24 The University Of Houston System Scoring method for imaging-based detection of vulnerable patients

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007058997A2 (en) * 2005-11-11 2007-05-24 The University Of Houston System Scoring method for imaging-based detection of vulnerable patients

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