CN103196472A - Demodulation instrument and demodulation method of fiber grating dynamic strain based on random unequal interval sampling - Google Patents
Demodulation instrument and demodulation method of fiber grating dynamic strain based on random unequal interval sampling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the demodulation technology of fiber gratings, in particular to a demodulation instrument and a demodulation method of fiber grating dynamic strain based on random unequal interval sampling. The demodulation instrument and the demodulation method of the fiber grating dynamic strain based on the random unequal interval sampling solve the problem that an existing demodulation technology of the fiber gratings is low in demodulation speed, low in demodulation precision, inconvenient to use, high in using cost, and narrow in an application range. The demodulation instrument of the fiber grating dynamic strain based on the random unequal interval sampling comprises a broadband light source, a tunable filter, an optical fiber coupler, an isolator, a fiber grating, an etalon, a first photoelectric detector, a second photoelectric detector, a first signal amplification conditioning circuit, a second signal amplification conditioning circuit, a multi-path synchronization analog-to-digital (A/D) converter, a demodulation control circuit based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a computer, a digital-to-analog (D/A) converter, and a high voltage drive amplification circuit. The demodulation instrument and the demodulation method of the fiber grating dynamic strain based on the random unequal interval sampling are applicable for fiber grating sensors.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the demodulation techniques of fiber grating, specifically is a kind of fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator and method based on unequal interval sampling at random.
Background technology
Fiber grating can convert extraneous strain signal (as stress signal, strain signal, vibration signal, temperature variation signal etc.) to the center wavelength variation signal of self reflectance spectrum.Therefore, by fiber grating is suitably encapsulated, just can be made into fiber-optic grating sensor.Fiber-optic grating sensor is widely used in remote optical sensing and optical communication field because of characteristics such as it has the electromagnetic interference of not being subjected to, volume is little, making is simple, wavelength sensitive.In actual applications, can operate as normal in order to guarantee fiber-optic grating sensor, must carry out demodulation to fiber grating.At present, the demodulation techniques of fiber grating mainly are divided into: one, spectral analysis technique.This kind Technology Need carries out a large amount of mathematical computations, thereby its demodulation speed is low, the measurement that is not suitable for big bandwidth strain signal.Two, based on the length scanning technology of tunable optic filter.This kind technology wavelength resolution height, measurement range is wide, multiplexing capacity is strong, but its demodulation speed is low, use cost is high, measure when being suitable at a high speed with high-precision wide range dynamic strain signal.Three, boundary filter technology.This kind Technology Need is special boundary filter and the detector of each fiber grating configuration, thereby its use is inconvenient, use cost is high.Four, non-equilibrium M-Z interferometer demodulation techniques.There is the zero point drift problem in this kind technology, thereby it is only applicable to the measurement of dynamic strain signal.Five, intensity modulation type optical fiber grating regulating system.This kind technology demodulation speed height, but influenced by self nonlinear characteristic, its demodulation accuracy is low.In sum, the demodulation techniques of existing fiber grating are because self principle is limit, and the ubiquity demodulation speed is low, demodulation accuracy is low, use is inconvenient, use cost is high and the problem of narrow application range.Be necessary to invent a kind of demodulation techniques of brand-new fiber grating, the problems referred to above that exist with the demodulation techniques that solve the existing fiber grating for this reason.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is low for the demodulation techniques demodulation speed that solves the existing fiber grating, demodulation accuracy is low, use is inconvenient, use cost is high and the problem of narrow application range, and a kind of fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator and method based on unequal interval sampling at random is provided.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: based on the fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator of unequal interval sampling at random, comprise that wideband light source, tunable optic filter, fiber coupler, isolator, fiber grating, etalon, first photodetector, second photodetector, first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit, secondary signal amplify modulate circuit, the synchronous A/D converter of multichannel, the demodulation control circuit based on FPGA, computing machine, D/A converter and high drive amplifying circuit; Wherein, the signal output part of wideband light source is connected with the signal input part of tunable optic filter; The signal output part of tunable optic filter is connected with the signal input part of fiber coupler; The signal output part of fiber coupler is connected with the signal input part of the signal input part of isolator, fiber grating, the signal input part of first photodetector; The signal output part of isolator is connected with the signal input part of etalon; The signal output part of etalon is connected with the signal input part of second photodetector; The signal output part of first photodetector is connected with the signal input part of first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit; The signal output part of second photodetector is connected with the signal input part that secondary signal is amplified modulate circuit; The signal output part that the signal output part of first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit, secondary signal are amplified modulate circuit all is connected with the signal input part of the synchronous A/D converter of multichannel; The signal output part of the synchronous A/D converter of multichannel is connected with signal input part based on the demodulation control circuit of FPGA; Signal output part based on the demodulation control circuit of FPGA is connected with the signal input part of the synchronous A/D converter of multichannel, the signal input part of computing machine, the signal input part of D/A converter; The signal output part of D/A converter is connected with the signal input part of high drive amplifying circuit; The signal output part of high drive amplifying circuit is connected with the signal input part of tunable optic filter.
Based on the fiber grating dynamic strain demodulation method (this method is finished in the fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator based on unequal interval sampling at random of the present invention) of unequal interval sampling at random, this method is to adopt following steps to realize:
A. produce the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of scan period random variation based on the demodulation control circuit of FPGA, and export the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal that produces to D/A converter; D/A converter carries out digital-to-analog conversion with the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input, and exports the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal after the digital-to-analog conversion to the high drive amplifying circuit; The high drive amplifying circuit amplifies the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input, and the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal after will amplifying exports tunable optic filter to;
B. wideband light source is exported broadband light to tunable optic filter; Tunable optic filter converts the broadband light of input the tunable laser of scanning wavelength scope random variation to according to the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input, and exports tunable laser to fiber coupler; Fiber coupler is coupled the tunable laser of input, and the tunable laser after will being coupled exports fiber grating to, and the tunable laser after will being coupled by isolator simultaneously exports etalon to;
C. fiber grating forms reflectance spectrum according to the tunable laser of input; The reflectance spectrum that the first photodetector real-time detection forms, and export the reflectance spectrum that detects to first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit; First signal amplifying and conditioning circuit amplifies conditioning with the reflectance spectrum of input; Simultaneously, etalon forms transmission spectrum according to the tunable laser of input; The transmission spectrum that the second photodetector real-time detection forms, and export the transmission spectrum that detects to secondary signal and amplify modulate circuit; Secondary signal is amplified modulate circuit the transmission spectrum of importing is amplified conditioning;
D. the synchronous A/D converter of multichannel is gathered in real time synchronously reflectance spectrum and the transmission spectrum that amplifies after the conditioning, and exports the reflectance spectrum that collects and transmission spectrum to based on FPGA demodulation control circuit; Based on the demodulation control circuit real-time resolving reflectance spectrum of FPGA and the peak wavelength position of transmission spectrum, comprise Mag Flag characteristic wavelength position among the peak wavelength location compute result of transmission spectrum, simultaneously in each triangular voltage sweep cycle all are resolved the result and all export computing machine to, all in each triangular voltage sweep cycle are resolved the peak wavelength position that the result comprises scan period, reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum;
E. when fiber grating was subjected to extraneous strain signal, the centre wavelength of reflectance spectrum changed, and the centre wavelength of each peak value of transmission spectrum remains unchanged; Computing machine is according to the scan period of input, Mag Flag characteristic wavelength position, the variable quantity of center of each peak value of the relative transmission spectrum of peak of reflectance spectrum is calculated in the peak wavelength position of reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum, and go out the center wavelength variation signal of reflectance spectrum according to the variable quantity real-time resolving that calculates, bring the calibration coefficient of fiber grating then into, and go out extraneous strain signal according to the calibration coefficient of bringing into and the center wavelength variation signal real-time resolving that calculates, simultaneously the concrete time that goes out each sensing location according to the centre wavelength location compute of scan period of random scanning triangular wave and reflectance spectrum, restore original strain signal by concrete time and center wavelength variation signal again.
Among the described step a, the slope of the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal that produces based on the demodulation control circuit of FPGA remains unchanged, and change scan period of triangular wave high-voltage driven signal by the peak value that changes the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal, produce the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal that the scan period is the Gaussian characteristics random variation thus.
Compare with the demodulation techniques of existing fiber grating, fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator and method based on unequal interval sampling at random of the present invention has following advantage: one, compare with spectral analysis technique, fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator and method based on unequal interval sampling at random of the present invention need not to carry out a large amount of mathematical computations, thereby its demodulation speed is higher, is applicable to the measurement of big bandwidth strain signal fully.Two, compare with the length scanning technology based on tunable optic filter, fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator and method demodulation speed based on unequal interval sampling at random of the present invention is higher, use cost is lower, measures when being applicable at a high speed with high-precision wide range dynamic strain signal fully.Three, compare with the boundary filter technology, fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator and method based on unequal interval sampling at random of the present invention need not to be special boundary filter and the detector of each fiber grating configuration, thereby its use is more convenient, and use cost is lower.Four, compare with non-equilibrium M-Z interferometer demodulation techniques, there is not zero point drift in fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator and the method based on unequal interval sampling at random of the present invention, thereby it is not only applicable to the measurement of dynamic strain signal.Five, compare with the intensity modulation type optical fiber grating regulating system, fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator and the method based on unequal interval sampling at random of the present invention do not influenced by nonlinear characteristic, thereby its demodulation accuracy is higher.In sum, the demodulation techniques of existing fiber grating are because self principle is limit, and the ubiquity demodulation speed is low, demodulation accuracy is low, use is inconvenient, use cost is high and the problem of narrow application range.
The demodulation techniques demodulation speed that the present invention efficiently solves the existing fiber grating is low, demodulation accuracy is low, use is inconvenient, use cost is high and the problem of narrow application range, is applicable to fiber-optic grating sensor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the structural representation of the fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator of the sampling of unequal interval at random among the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the curve synoptic diagram of the transmission spectrum that etalon forms among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the curve synoptic diagram of the reflectance spectrum that fiber grating forms among the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the curve synoptic diagram of the scanning voltage of tunable optic filter among the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the curve synoptic diagram of the crest voltage of the scanning voltage of tunable optic filter among the present invention.
Fig. 6 is that the centre wavelength of the reflectance spectrum that fiber grating forms among the present invention is that the sinusoidal wave PZT of 20V drives the time-domain curve synoptic diagram under the signal at 100Hz, peak-to-peak value.
Fig. 7 is that the centre wavelength of the reflectance spectrum that fiber grating forms among the present invention is that the sinusoidal wave PZT of 20V drives the frequency curve synoptic diagram under the signal at 100Hz, peak-to-peak value.
Fig. 8 is that the centre wavelength of the reflectance spectrum that fiber grating forms among the present invention is that the sinusoidal wave PZT of 10V drives the time-domain curve synoptic diagram under the signal at 1.9kHz, peak-to-peak value.
Fig. 9 is that the centre wavelength of the reflectance spectrum that fiber grating forms among the present invention is that the sinusoidal wave PZT of 10V drives the frequency curve synoptic diagram under the signal at 1.9kHz, peak-to-peak value.
Among the figure: 1-wideband light source, 2-tunable optic filter, 3-fiber coupler, the 4-isolator, 5-fiber grating, 6-etalon, 7-first photodetector, 8-second photodetector, 9-first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit, the 10-secondary signal is amplified modulate circuit, the synchronous A/D converter of 11-multichannel, 12-is based on the demodulation control circuit of FPGA, 13-computing machine, the 14-D/A converter, 15-high drive amplifying circuit.
Embodiment
Based on the fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator of the sampling of unequal interval at random, comprise that wideband light source 1, tunable optic filter 2, fiber coupler 3, isolator 4, fiber grating 5, etalon 6, first photodetector 7, second photodetector 8, first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit 9, secondary signal amplify modulate circuit 10, the synchronous A/D converter 11 of multichannel, the demodulation control circuit 12 based on FPGA, computing machine 13, D/A converter 14 and high drive amplifying circuit 15; Wherein, the signal output part of wideband light source 1 is connected with the signal input part of tunable optic filter 2; The signal output part of tunable optic filter 2 is connected with the signal input part of fiber coupler 3; The signal output part of fiber coupler 3 is connected with the signal input part of isolator 4, the signal input part of fiber grating 5, the signal input part of first photodetector 7; The signal output part of isolator 4 is connected with the signal input part of etalon 6; The signal output part of etalon 6 is connected with the signal input part of second photodetector 8; The signal output part of first photodetector 7 is connected with the signal input part of first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit 9; The signal output part of second photodetector 8 is connected with the signal input part that secondary signal is amplified modulate circuit 10; The signal output part that the signal output part of first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit 9, secondary signal are amplified modulate circuit 10 all is connected with the signal input part of the synchronous A/D converter 11 of multichannel; The signal output part of the synchronous A/D converter 11 of multichannel is connected with signal input part based on the demodulation control circuit 12 of FPGA; Signal output part based on the demodulation control circuit 12 of FPGA is connected with the signal input part of the synchronous A/D converter 11 of multichannel, the signal input part of computing machine 13, the signal input part of D/A converter 14; The signal output part of D/A converter 14 is connected with the signal input part of high drive amplifying circuit 15; The signal output part of high drive amplifying circuit 15 is connected with the signal input part of tunable optic filter 2.
Based on the fiber grating dynamic strain demodulation method (this method is finished in the fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator based on unequal interval sampling at random of the present invention) of unequal interval sampling at random, this method is to adopt following steps to realize:
A. produce the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of scan period random variation based on the demodulation control circuit 12 of FPGA, and export the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal that produces to D/A converter 14; D/A converter 14 carries out digital-to-analog conversion with the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input, and exports the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal after the digital-to-analog conversion to high drive amplifying circuit 15; High drive amplifying circuit 15 amplifies the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input, and the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal after will amplifying exports tunable optic filter 2 to;
B. wideband light source 1 is to tunable optic filter 2 output broadband light; Tunable optic filter 2 converts the broadband light of input the tunable laser of scanning wavelength scope random variation to according to the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input, and exports tunable laser to fiber coupler 3; Fiber coupler 3 is coupled the tunable laser of input, and the tunable laser after will being coupled exports fiber grating 5 to, and the tunable laser after will being coupled by isolator 4 simultaneously exports etalon 6 to;
D. the synchronous A/D converter of multichannel 11 is gathered reflectance spectrum and the transmission spectrums that amplify after the conditioning in real time synchronously, and exports the reflectance spectrum that collects and transmission spectrum to based on FPGA demodulation control circuit 12; Based on the demodulation control circuit 12 real-time resolving reflectance spectrums of FPGA and the peak wavelength position of transmission spectrum, comprise Mag Flag characteristic wavelength position among the peak wavelength location compute result of transmission spectrum, simultaneously in each triangular voltage sweep cycle all are resolved the result and all export computing machine 13 to, all in each triangular voltage sweep cycle are resolved the peak wavelength position that the result comprises scan period, reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum;
E. when fiber grating 5 was subjected to extraneous strain signal, the centre wavelength of reflectance spectrum changed, and the centre wavelength of each peak value of transmission spectrum remains unchanged; Computing machine 13 is according to the scan period of input, Mag Flag characteristic wavelength position, the variable quantity of center of each peak value of the relative transmission spectrum of peak of reflectance spectrum is calculated in the peak wavelength position of reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum, and go out the center wavelength variation signal of reflectance spectrum according to the variable quantity real-time resolving that calculates, bring the calibration coefficient of fiber grating 5 then into, and go out extraneous strain signal according to the calibration coefficient of bringing into and the center wavelength variation signal real-time resolving that calculates, simultaneously the concrete time that goes out each sensing location according to the centre wavelength location compute of scan period of random scanning triangular wave and reflectance spectrum, restore original strain signal by concrete time and center wavelength variation signal again.
Among the described step a, the slope of the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal that produces based on the demodulation control circuit 12 of FPGA remains unchanged, and change scan period of triangular wave high-voltage driven signal by the peak value that changes the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal, produce the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal that the scan period is the Gaussian characteristics random variation thus.
During concrete enforcement, described wideband light source 1 adopts the power light source (bandwidth is greater than 40nm, and wavelength coverage is 1520nm ~ 1560nm, and general power is greater than 10mW) with higher gain flatness.The output linewidth of described tunable optic filter 2 is better than 0.01nm, and the wavelength coverage of the narrow-linewidth laser of tunable optic filter 2 outputs is 1520nm ~ 1560nm.The synchronous A/D converter 11 of described multichannel adopts multipath high-speed synchronous serial A/D converter.
Claims (3)
1. the fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator based on the sampling of unequal interval at random is characterized in that: comprise wideband light source (1), tunable optic filter (2), fiber coupler (3), isolator (4), fiber grating (5), etalon (6), first photodetector (7), second photodetector (8), first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit (9), secondary signal is amplified modulate circuit (10), the synchronous A/D converter of multichannel (11), demodulation control circuit (12) based on FPGA, computing machine (13), D/A converter (14), and high drive amplifying circuit (15); Wherein, the signal output part of wideband light source (1) is connected with the signal input part of tunable optic filter (2); The signal output part of tunable optic filter (2) is connected with the signal input part of fiber coupler (3); The signal output part of fiber coupler (3) is connected with the signal input part of the signal input part of isolator (4), fiber grating (5), the signal input part of first photodetector (7); The signal output part of isolator (4) is connected with the signal input part of etalon (6); The signal output part of etalon (6) is connected with the signal input part of second photodetector (8); The signal output part of first photodetector (7) is connected with the signal input part of first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit (9); The signal output part of second photodetector (8) is connected with the signal input part that secondary signal is amplified modulate circuit (10); The signal output part that the signal output part of first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit (9), secondary signal are amplified modulate circuit (10) all is connected with the signal input part of the synchronous A/D converter of multichannel (11); The signal output part of the synchronous A/D converter of multichannel (11) is connected with signal input part based on the demodulation control circuit (12) of FPGA; Signal output part based on the demodulation control circuit (12) of FPGA is connected with the signal input part of the synchronous A/D converter of multichannel (11), the signal input part of computing machine (13), the signal input part of D/A converter (14); The signal output part of D/A converter (14) is connected with the signal input part of high drive amplifying circuit (15); The signal output part of high drive amplifying circuit (15) is connected with the signal input part of tunable optic filter (2).
2. fiber grating dynamic strain demodulation method based on the sampling of unequal interval at random, this method is finished in the fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator based on unequal interval sampling at random as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: this method is to adopt following steps to realize:
A. produce the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of scan period random variation based on the demodulation control circuit (12) of FPGA, and export the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal that produces to D/A converter (14); D/A converter (14) carries out digital-to-analog conversion with the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input, and exports the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal after the digital-to-analog conversion to high drive amplifying circuit (15); High drive amplifying circuit (15) amplifies the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input, and the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal after will amplifying exports tunable optic filter (2) to;
B. wideband light source (1) is to tunable optic filter (2) output broadband light; Tunable optic filter (2) converts the broadband light of input the tunable laser of scanning wavelength scope random variation to according to the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input, and exports tunable laser to fiber coupler (3); Fiber coupler (3) is coupled the tunable laser of input, and the tunable laser after will being coupled exports fiber grating (5) to, and the tunable laser after will being coupled by isolator (4) simultaneously exports etalon (6) to;
C. fiber grating (5) forms reflectance spectrum according to the tunable laser of input; The reflectance spectrum that first photodetector (7) real-time detection forms, and export the reflectance spectrum that detects to first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit (9); First signal amplifying and conditioning circuit (9) amplifies conditioning with the reflectance spectrum of input; Simultaneously, etalon (6) forms transmission spectrum according to the tunable laser of input; The transmission spectrum that second photodetector (8) real-time detection forms, and export the transmission spectrum that detects to secondary signal and amplify modulate circuit (10); Secondary signal is amplified modulate circuit (10) transmission spectrum of importing is amplified conditioning;
D. the synchronous A/D converter of multichannel (11) is gathered in real time synchronously reflectance spectrum and the transmission spectrum that amplifies after the conditioning, and exports the reflectance spectrum that collects and transmission spectrum to based on FPGA demodulation control circuit (12); Based on demodulation control circuit (12) the real-time resolving reflectance spectrum of FPGA and the peak wavelength position of transmission spectrum, comprise Mag Flag characteristic wavelength position among the peak wavelength location compute result of transmission spectrum, simultaneously in each triangular voltage sweep cycle all are resolved the result and all export computing machine (13) to, all in each triangular voltage sweep cycle are resolved the peak wavelength position that the result comprises scan period, reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum;
E. when fiber grating (5) when being subjected to extraneous strain signal, the centre wavelength of reflectance spectrum changes, and the centre wavelength of each peak value of transmission spectrum remains unchanged; Computing machine (13) is according to the scan period of input, Mag Flag characteristic wavelength position, the variable quantity of center of each peak value of the relative transmission spectrum of peak of reflectance spectrum is calculated in the peak wavelength position of reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum, and go out the center wavelength variation signal of reflectance spectrum according to the variable quantity real-time resolving that calculates, bring the calibration coefficient of fiber grating (5) then into, and go out extraneous strain signal according to the calibration coefficient of bringing into and the center wavelength variation signal real-time resolving that calculates, simultaneously the concrete time that goes out each sensing location according to the centre wavelength location compute of scan period of random scanning triangular wave and reflectance spectrum, restore original strain signal by concrete time and center wavelength variation signal again.
3. the fiber grating dynamic strain demodulation method based on the sampling of unequal interval at random according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: among the described step a, the slope of the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal that produces based on the demodulation control circuit (12) of FPGA remains unchanged, and change scan period of triangular wave high-voltage driven signal by the peak value that changes the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal, produce the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal that the scan period is the Gaussian characteristics random variation thus.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN105278206A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-01-27 | 武汉理工光科股份有限公司 | Double-edge cross demodulation and nonlinear correction method of piezoelectric ceramic type tunable wavelength filter |
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| CN113932838B (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2023-09-19 | 深圳市畅格光电有限公司 | High-precision fiber bragg grating demodulator and demodulation method thereof |
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