CN103172254A - Heat-regulating glass bending apparatus and method - Google Patents

Heat-regulating glass bending apparatus and method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN103172254A
CN103172254A CN2012103700270A CN201210370027A CN103172254A CN 103172254 A CN103172254 A CN 103172254A CN 2012103700270 A CN2012103700270 A CN 2012103700270A CN 201210370027 A CN201210370027 A CN 201210370027A CN 103172254 A CN103172254 A CN 103172254A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
mould
depression
circumference
heat
management device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN2012103700270A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN103172254B (en
Inventor
阿明·贝拉达·松尼
瑞恩·J·林德曼
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SunPower Corp
Original Assignee
SunPower Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SunPower Corp filed Critical SunPower Corp
Publication of CN103172254A publication Critical patent/CN103172254A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103172254B publication Critical patent/CN103172254B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
    • C03B23/0026—Re-forming shaped glass by gravity, e.g. sagging
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B40/00—Preventing adhesion between glass and glass or between glass and the means used to shape it, hold it or support it
    • C03B40/005—Fabrics, felts or loose covers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
    • C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
    • C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
    • C03B23/0235—Re-forming glass sheets by bending involving applying local or additional heating, cooling or insulating means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
    • C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
    • C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
    • C03B23/025—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity
    • C03B23/0252—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity by gravity only, e.g. sagging
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
    • C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
    • C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
    • C03B23/025—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity
    • C03B23/0258—Gravity bending involving applying local or additional heating, cooling or insulating means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B35/00—Transporting of glass products during their manufacture, e.g. hot glass lenses, prisms
    • C03B35/14—Transporting hot glass sheets or ribbons, e.g. by heat-resistant conveyor belts or bands
    • C03B35/20—Transporting hot glass sheets or ribbons, e.g. by heat-resistant conveyor belts or bands by gripping tongs or supporting frames
    • C03B35/202—Transporting hot glass sheets or ribbons, e.g. by heat-resistant conveyor belts or bands by gripping tongs or supporting frames by supporting frames
    • C03B35/207—Construction or design of supporting frames
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
    • Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)

Abstract

A sag-bending system is disclosed. The sag-bending system comprises a sag-bending glass support mold and a perimeter thermal manager. The sag- bending glass support mold has a quadrilateral shape, a collective upper surface, and a periphery. The support mold comprises a plurality of rib members extending in a first direction, each of the plurality of rib members having a curved upper surface shaped to form the collective upper surface having a position and shape to support a quadrilateral- shaped sag-bent glass sheet into a desired contour, each of the rib members further having a lower surface, and a plurality of support members extending in a second direction between at least two of the plurality of rib members, the second direction traverse to the first direction. The periphery of the support mold is formed by the edges of the rib members. The perimeter thermal manager is sized and positioned to surround, to extend at least partially over, and to extend at least partially under the periphery of the support mold. The thermal manager comprises an upper portion sized and positioned to extend over the periphery portion of the collective upper surface, the upper portion extending over the upper surface of at least one rib member, and a lower portion sized and positioned to extend under the periphery portion of the support mold, the lower portion extending under the lower surface of the at least one rib member.

Description

Thermal conditioning glass bending device and method
Technical field
The embodiment of described theme relates in general to the nonbreakable glass plate is bent to curved shape herein.More specifically, the embodiment of this theme relates to adjusting temperature when making sheet glass depression crooked (sag-bending).
Background technology
The glass be shaped can be used in the solar energy converging application, comprises concentrating solar generating (CPV) system.The CPV system can be designed to comprise the mirror of parabolic shape with the mirror with any shape in different shape.The CPV system comprises solar receiver, and the sunlight after converging is directed on solar receiver.Some CPV systems can be used the mirror that is the part parabolic shape, and this mirror is defined as to have the mirror with the curved surface corresponding along parabolical arc.This arc needn't comprise parabolical summit.
The little deviation that converges profile and the desired location of this profile on solar receiver due to the sunlight with designed can have to the generating of whole CPV system powerful negative influence, so CPV has high accuracy requirement.Therefore, the glass bending process should not cause defect, flaw and distortion as much as possible.Current mirror bending techniques relies on depression crooked, wherein in the stove of flat glass plate above rib base mirror mould, is heated.When being heated, sheet glass is in himself weight effect lower recess.So rib basic mode tool supporting flexible glass plate, make sheet glass be the curved shape of mould, thereby produce the bending glass sheet for mirror.
Rib basic mode tool typically consists of steel or other similar metal.Yet the mirror that this mould is produced has flaw.Because sheet glass is several parts that continuous surface and rib basic mode tool only contacted and supported this surface, and this surperficial rest part is exposed in the ring border, so sheet glass is not identical with the coefficient of thermal expansion and the heet transfer rate that do not stand between the part by the rib supporting in the part of its contact mould.This layout can produce flaw in sheet glass.These flaws produce negative influence to the performance of CPV system subsequently.
In addition, take up the post of what its sheet material, the depression bending glass sheet hardened in relatively cold surrounding environment edge than in center cooling soon.The difference of this rate of cooling can cause distortion or the flaw of expectation curved shape.Attempt alleviating aspect these curvature defects, comprise by the edge counterweight and produce extra depression, or be designed to after depression is crooked the sheet glass of the specific negative shape that the curvature with the rest part of sheet glass is complementary.These two kinds of trials are not that the approximation of the perfectly and usually fringing effect by expection is carried out practical function, and the fringing effect of this expection is specific and is changing between the different batches at same baking box between different device or even for the actual process condition.However, to the damage of sheet glass, still cause the power that reflects the reduction of accuracy and make the CPV system to reduce.
The accompanying drawing explanation
When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, can obtain theme is more fully understood by the description with reference to detailed and claim, wherein similar Reference numeral means similar element in whole accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the skeleton view of the embodiment of modified version depression mould;
Fig. 2 is the exploded view of embodiment of the depression mould of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the cross sectional end view of embodiment of the depression mould of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the skeleton view of alternative embodiment of the flank of depression mould;
Fig. 5 is the skeleton view of embodiment of the plate portion of depression mould;
Fig. 6 is the detailed view at turning of the plate portion embodiment of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the detailed view at turning of the alternative embodiment of plate portion;
Fig. 8 is the end view of the embodiment of the modified version adjacent with sheet glass depression mould;
Fig. 9 is the end view of embodiment of the depression mould of Fig. 8, and the bending glass sheet that wherein caves in contacts with the plate portion of depression mould;
Figure 10 is the skeleton view of another embodiment of modified version depression mould;
Figure 11 is the skeleton view of another embodiment of depression mould of Figure 10;
Figure 12 is the detailed view of a part of embodiment of the depression mould of Figure 10;
Figure 13 is the exploded view of the detail section of Figure 10;
Figure 14 is the detailed view of another embodiment of depression mould;
Figure 15 is the schema that the depression curved glass technique to using modified version depression mould is described;
Figure 16 is the skeleton view of embodiment with depression curved glass mould of heat management device;
Figure 17 is the cross-sectional side view of depression curved glass mould and heat management device embodiment;
Figure 18 is the cross-sectional side view of another embodiment of depression curved glass mould and heat management device;
Figure 19 is the cross-sectional side view of another embodiment of heat management device;
Figure 20 is the cross-sectional side view of another embodiment of depression curved glass mould and heat management device;
Figure 21 is the skeleton view of embodiment of the depression curved glass mould of Figure 19; And
Figure 22 to Figure 24 is the cross-sectional side view had under some states of depression curved glass die assembly in technique of heat management device.
Embodiment
Below detailed being described in be only illustrative in essence and do not expect the embodiment of theme or application and the purposes of these embodiment are construed as limiting.As used herein, the meaning of word " exemplary " is " as example, example or explanation ".Being described as exemplary any embodiment herein all needn't be construed to more preferred or favourable than other embodiment.The constraint of in addition, do not expect to be subject to propose in aforementioned technical field, background technology, summary of the invention or following embodiment any expressed or the theory that implies.
" connection "---following description refers to element or node or feature and is " coupled " together.As used herein, unless clearly stated by alternate manner, otherwise being an element/node/feature, the meaning of " connection " links to directly or indirectly another element/node/feature (or communicating with another element/node/feature directly or indirectly), and needn't be mechanically.Therefore, although the schematic diagram shown in accompanying drawing has illustrated the exemplary arrangement of element, shown in still can have other intervention element, device, feature or parts in the embodiment of theme.
" adjusting "---some elements, parts and/or feature is described as can regulate or through overregulating.As used herein, unless by alternate manner, clearly state, the meaning of " adjusting " is that element or parts or its part are located, revise, replace or be arranged to be suitable for environment and embodiment.In some cases, if suitable or expectation for specific environment, element or parts or its part can remain under position, state and/or the condition do not changed by adjusting so.In some cases, if new position, state and/or condition be replaced, change or be modified as to suitable or expectation can by element or parts by regulating so.
" inhibition "---as used herein, suppress for describing minimizing or minimizing effect.When parts or feature are described as, action, motion or condition are suppressed, these parts or feature can prevent result or consequence or prospect state fully so.In addition, " inhibition " can also refer to reduce or reduce consequence, performance and/or the effect that may occur by alternate manner.Therefore, when parts, element or feature refer to when result or state are suppressed, these parts, element or feature needn't prevent or eliminate this result or state fully.
In addition, some term also can be only for the purpose of reference for following description, because of rather than be used for restriction.For example, such as " on ", D score, " top " and terms such as " belows " refer to the direction in the accompanying drawing of institute's reference.Such as 'fornt', 'back', " rear portion ", " side ", " outside " and terms such as " inboards ", orientation and/or the position consistent but various piece of the parts in reference system arbitrarily are described, the text be described by reference to the parts to discussed and relevant drawings, this reference system is clearly.This term can comprise word, its derivative words and the similar introducing word of above specifically mentioning.Similarly, unless in context, clearly mean, term " first ", " second " and other this numerical value term that refers to structure do not mean order or order.
Can carry out two class improvement to improve the performance of depression bending mould to prior art, and correspondingly reduce the flaw formed in the depression bending mould.In the first kind is improved, insert can be introduced between mould and sheet glass, while being heated to be created in, sheet glass can be recessed into the higher surface of thermostability on it.In Equations of The Second Kind improves, comprise that the upper surface of the rib of mould can apply or make top have middle dielectric material by alternate manner, so that good hot interface to be provided between the metal ribs at sheet glass and formation mould.Can be silver-plated or metallize by alternate manner by the crooked glass produced that caves in, be suitable for generation the mirror that CPV applies.
A kind of depression curved glass board mold is disclosed.Plate shape mould comprises a plurality of lateral support members, is arranged to a plurality of longitudinal supporting members vertical with the lateral support member, between two longitudinal supporting members of each lateral support member in a plurality of lateral support members in a plurality of longitudinal supporting members, extend, each longitudinal supporting member in a plurality of longitudinal supporting members has upper surface, and the upper surface of each the longitudinal supporting member in a plurality of longitudinal supporting member combines to form the mould area supported.Plate shape mould can also comprise the supporting plate that bears glass be arranged on mould area supported top, the supporting plate that bears glass strides across a plurality of longitudinal supporting members and extends above the lateral support member, and the supporting plate that bears glass has crooked upper surface.
Another embodiment of depression curved glass mould is disclosed.Glass mold comprises (i) rectangular peripheral, a plurality of longitudinal ribs that (ii) extend substantially parallel with first direction and the (iii) ceramic plate of a plurality of cross ribs and a plurality of longitudinal rib top, wherein, this rectangular peripheral comprises the first longitudinal member that (a) extends along first direction and the second longitudinal member and the first transverse member and the second transverse member that (b) extend along second direction, first direction and second direction are perpendicular to one another substantially, each longitudinal member in the first longitudinal member and the second longitudinal member is attached to each transverse member in the first transverse member and the second transverse member, a plurality of cross ribs and second direction are extended substantially parallel, the second cross rib that the first cross rib in a plurality of cross ribs is attached in the first longitudinal member and a plurality of cross rib is attached to the second transverse member, the second longitudinal rib that first rib in the plurality of longitudinal rib is attached in the first transverse member and a plurality of longitudinal rib is attached to the second transverse member, each longitudinal rib in a plurality of longitudinal ribs is attached at least one cross rib in a plurality of cross ribs, this ceramic plate extends across each cross rib in a plurality of cross ribs and strides across each longitudinal rib in a plurality of longitudinal ribs, ceramic plate further extends across at least a portion of each longitudinal member in the first longitudinal member and the second longitudinal member and at least a portion of each transverse member in the first transverse member and the second transverse member, ceramic plate has crooked upper surface, wherein ceramic plate has the thermal conductivity coefficient of 100W/ (m ο K) at the most and 10x (10 at the most -6/ K) volume thermal expansion coefficient.
A kind of method of bending glass sheet is also disclosed.The method comprises: the sheet glass on basic plane is positioned to depression bending mould top, the depression bending mould has the ceramic surface of the upper surface that forms the depression bending mould, by the temperature that makes sheet glass be elevated to the first preset temperature with on increase the flexibility of sheet glass, and by with the ceramic surface supporting, being subject to hot glass sheet that the shape of sheet glass is modified as to curved shape.
Fig. 1 shows the first embodiment of modified version depression mould 100.Mould 100 comprises flank 110 and plate portion 140.Flank 110 can be positioned at below and the supporting plate part 140 of plate portion 140.Flank 110 can comprise some longitudinal members 120 and some transverse members 130.Plate portion 140 can comprise supporting plate 150, and supporting plate 150 is positioned at the top of flank 110.Supporting plate 150 can supporting glass plate, the sheet glass depression is bent to the curved shape of expectation.
Can in the exploded view of the Fig. 2 that additionally carries out reference, be more clearly visible flank 110.Can see, longitudinal member 120 can extend essentially identical length, but can have different cross-sectional geometries.For example, compare thin longitudinal member 124, thick longitudinal member 122 can be higher, have more high altitude.Regardless of the shape of cross section between longitudinal member 120, highly, other characteristic of the layout of spacing and flank 110, longitudinal member 120 can both limit upper surface 132.Although show the longitudinal member with any geometrical shape 120 of some amount, can both there is more or less longitudinal member 120 in any embodiment, from few to one desired like that many to any embodiment.When having a longitudinal member 120, transverse member 130 contributes to limit the curved shape of upper surface 132.In addition, in those embodiment of transposing transverse member 130 and longitudinal member 120, for the described performance of any one member, can be embodied in another member.
Therefore, term " vertically " and " laterally " are for the reference illustrated embodiment and do not expect type or the direction of member are construed as limiting.In other embodiments, longitudinal direction and horizontal direction can be changed, but described term still can be used in the expression supporting member, and described supporting member vertically extends substantially or roughly for the purpose of the structure that produces flank 110.Longitudinal member 120 and freely thermal expansion of transverse member 130, and can not make the shape of flank 100 be out of shape.For example, longitudinal member 120 and transverse member 130 can be used pin connector or hinge-coupled part to interconnect, and pin connector or hinge-coupled part allow Free Thermal to expand and can not make member 120,130 distortion.In certain embodiments, can there is gap or opening, can not contact with another parts generation power transmission to be provided for the space of expanding.
Upper surface 132 can have curved shape, comprises the shape of parabolic shape or part parabolic shape and other expectation.Upper surface 132 also can form the non-parabolicity shape, comprise the U.S. Patent application 13/324 of submitting to as on December 13rd, 2011, linearity square compound shape described in 992 (" GLASS BENDING METHOD AND APPARATUS "), the full text of this patent mode by reference is attached to herein clearly.Therefore, upper surface 132, supporting plate upper surface 152, depression mould 100 and herein described all other embodiment can be used in and produce the shape described in described application.
Show in addition the cross-sectional view of depression mould 100 with reference to Fig. 3, wherein show side-view or the end view of mould 100.Visible longitudinal member 120 is thick longitudinal members 122, and upper surface 132 has illustrated curved shape, and the height of this curved shape increases from left to right in Fig. 3.Although for the sake of clarity omitted the thick longitudinal member 122 of other longitudinal member 120(and thin longitudinal member 124), if illustrate, these members will have with shown in the consistent upper surface 132 of the upper surface 132 of diagram longitudinal member.Upper surface 132 can stride across that all or most of longitudinal members 120 distribute and formed, describes and limited by all or most of longitudinal member 120.Therefore, upper surface 132 can stride across whole flank 110 or substantially stride across whole flank 110 and distribute, and wherein flank 110 can limit upper surface 132.
Fig. 4 shows the alternative embodiment of depression mould 100, and the circumference wherein consisted of vertical circumference member 160 and horizontal circumference member 162 has formed basic rectangular shape around flank 110.In the illustrated embodiment, two kinds of height that circumference member 160,162 all has a part that forms curved surface 132.In other embodiments, vertically circumference member 160, horizontal circumference member 162 or two kind of circumference member 160,162 can both have the geometrical shape that any one the circumference member in two kinds of circumference members is placed on to upper surface 132 belows, and the rest part of flank 110 contributes to form upper surface 132.
Referring again to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, transverse member 130 can connect, be attached to each longitudinal member 120, extends through each longitudinal member 120 or be connected each longitudinal member 120 with each longitudinal member 120.Therefore, each illustrated transverse member 130 can both be single-piece, and this single-piece is extended the transverse width of depression mould 100, thereby passes inserted longitudinal member 120.In other embodiments, the transverse member 130 that each is illustrated or any one is showed is separate piece, and this separate piece connects (for example, by welding, soldering or fastening) to its longitudinal member supported 120.Although show three transverse members 130, according to expectation, in any embodiment of flank 110, can both there is more or less transverse member 130.In addition, although the part that transverse member 130 forms upper surface 132 is not shown, in certain embodiments, the upper surface of transverse member 130 can contribute to form upper surface 132.
With reference to Fig. 5 to Fig. 7, supporting plate 150 is described in addition.Supporting plate 150 can be placed on flank 110 ad lib or by mechanisms such as clip, fastening piece, shrink-fit or other expectation technology (comprise and can discharge or detachable system).The size that supporting plate 150 has can be engaged on upper surface 132 exactly or almost exactly, thereby covers flank 110.In certain embodiments, supporting plate 150 can extend beyond upper surface 132, and therefore its upper surface 152 can have the curved shape for the part of supporting glass plate during the depression bending that extends beyond curve.
Supporting plate 150 can have upper surface 152 and lower surface 154.In certain embodiments, supporting plate 150 can consist of pottery or another kind of matrix material or any other material that can embody the characteristic of expectation.Supporting plate 150 can have and is as thin as 0.01 millimeter (mm) or the thick thickness to 3m.Term " thickness " also can refer to comprise the supporting plate of vertical shank or support, and, when being applied to this embodiment, the overall height of plate portion can vertically be measured in term " thickness ".As shown here, in such an embodiment, also can use other term suitably to describe plate portion, and need not to be thin plate.
Supporting plate 150 can be plane, for example has smooth-flat-surface, and surface planarity is no more than 50 microns with respect to the variation of the curved surface of supporting plate 150.Supporting plate 150 can be heat-staple, has 15x (10 at the most -6/ K) thermal expansivity.Similarly, some embodiment of supporting plate 150 can have the thermal conductivity coefficient of 100W/m ο K at the most.In certain embodiments, supporting plate 150 can be that thickness is that 10mm, thermal expansivity are 5.1x (10 -6/ K) and the thermal conductivity coefficient ceramic plate that is 3W/m ο K.For example, can use in one embodiment 60% aluminum oxide.
For the sake of clarity, Fig. 5 shows separately supporting plate 150.In certain embodiments, as shown in Fig. 6 of the detailed view at the turning as supporting plate 150, supporting plate 150 can be solid slab.As shown in Figure 7, in another embodiment, supporting plate 150 can be grid or porous structure.Pitch or the size of passing the opening of supporting plate 150 can become based on embodiment value or the observed value of any expectation.In certain embodiments, opening needn't extend through supporting plate 150 fully, and can be the recess in upper surface 152.
In certain embodiments, supporting plate 150 can be solid parts, and in other embodiments, supporting plate 150 can be multi-ply construction.In one exemplary embodiment, supporting plate 150 can be to have the ceramic plate that reduces friction or reduce the upper strata (for example fluoropolymer) adhered to, and in other embodiments, can omit upper strata.The layer that exemplary minimizing adheres to can be the synthetic fluoropolymer of tetrafluoroethylene, for example by E.I.du Pont de Nemours and Company (" DuPont ") with TEFLON tMthe product sold on market of trade mark.In certain embodiments, it can be consumable reducing the layer adhered to, for example mineral dust or other pressed powder.In certain embodiments, powder, crystal grain or solid lubricant can have sintering temperature, residing temperature when this sintering temperature caves in bending during the technique in conjunction with mould 100 lower than glass.
Lower surface 154 can be consistent with the upper surface 132 of flank 110.Therefore, supporting plate 150 can easily be positioned on flank 110 on matching surface.Upper surface 152 can the depression bending process during supporting glass plate, thereby the curved shape of the bending glass sheet formed.Supporting plate 150 can have the upper surface 152 of the bending of part para-curve, para-curve, linearity or any other expectation, and upper surface 152 is consistent with the intended shape of the crooked sheet glass that will cave in.
Fig. 8 shows the layout of the depression mould 100 adjacent with flat glass plate 170.Flat glass plate 170 has lower surface 172.As shown in Figure 9, when being positioned at depression mould 100 tops and while being heated to the first preset temperature, the shape that sheet glass 170 can cave in the upper surface 152 with supporting plate 150 is consistent.Therefore, sheet glass 170 can form the sheet glass of the curved shape with expectation.Although herein sheet glass is described, can uses similarly and be suitable for crooked any other material of depression.For example, some polymkeric substance also can be from being benefited described technique and development herein.
The continuous surface provided by supporting plate 150 is better than older depression mould, so that heat is distributed to sheet glass equably, thereby make due to the depression between the rib member or due to the part of the contacting metal rib member of sheet glass and in the heat transfer difference between those parts that are exposed to environment between the rib member and the local deformaton of causing in the sheet glass be shaped minimizes, or the minimum deviation between the rib that makes to cause due to manufacturing defect.
For improvement of the another kind of technology of quality of depression curved glass, be to provide covering surfaces on the top of the longitudinal member of flank and transverse member.Covering surfaces can be provided for and the contacted thermally-stabilised surface of sheet glass, thereby with respect at present for more excellent performance is provided for the contacted hardware of sheet glass.Figure 10 shows so a kind of depression mould 200.
Although the different technologies for improvement of depression bending mould performance is described, should be appreciated that some parts have to above with reference to mould 100 described those similar feature and the performances of caving in.For example, although have described difference, longitudinal member has similar performance with transverse member aspect upper surface 252 formation, no matter the similar performance whether by longitudinal member, transverse member or its combination and orientation, connectivity etc. embodies.Yet, different from depression mould 100, there is some different characteristics at Figure 10 to depression mould 200 depicted in figure 14, as mentioned below.Therefore, unless be described to some extent distinctively, the parts that referred to by the Reference numeral in Figure 10 to Figure 14 are described similar to each embodiment above with reference to shown in depression mould 100 and Fig. 1 to Fig. 9, except Reference numeral has all increased by 100.
Depression mould 200 comprises flank 210 and surface in contact 250.Flank 210 comprises longitudinal member 220 and the transverse member 230 of substantially vertically arranging.At Figure 12, in the detailed view of the part of Figure 11, can see surface in contact 250, wherein surface in contact 250 is shown the top of the end that is positioned at longitudinal member 220.In certain embodiments, surface in contact 250 is positioned on the top of transverse member 230, and in other embodiments, it is upper that surface in contact 250 appears at combination, therefore forms the upper surface of the bearing glass of depression mould 200.
If desired, surface in contact 250 can be configured with to above with reference to described those the similar performances of supporting plate 150, characteristic and size.Can be by deposition of material is formed to surface in contact 250 to form curved upper surface 252 on the upper surface 232 of flank 210, the crooked glass on depression mould 200 of 252 pairs of depressions of curved upper surface is supported.Surface in contact 250 can have crooked cross section, and as shown in the detailed view of Figure 12 or Figure 13, Figure 13 is the exploded view of Figure 12.In other embodiments, for example, shown in Figure 14, surface in contact can have smooth upper surface 252.
Similar to supporting plate 150, surface in contact 250 can provide the improved hot performance, thereby suppresses and the contacted part of the sheet glass on the mould 200 that caves in and not and the different heat transfer rate between contacted those parts of metal ribs member of being positioned at of metal ribs member.By between sheet glass and surface in contact 250, providing thermally-stabilised contact interface, can suppress, minimize the flaw in bending glass sheet from size, or eliminate the flaw in bending glass sheet fully.
With regard to the depression mould 100 in alternative embodiment, flank 210 can for example, by all bound constraineds, as illustrated in Figure 11 shown in embodiment, by two circumference longitudinal members 260 and two circumferences that circumference transverse member 262 forms.
For illustration purposes, can be with reference to the element of above mentioning in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Figure 14 to the following description of method 300.In practice, the various piece of method 300 can be carried out by the different elements of described system, for example, and area supported 150, surface in contact 250 or depression mould 100,200.Be to be understood that, method 300 can comprise any amount of extra or step that replace, step shown in Figure 14 needn't be carried out with order illustrated, and method 300 can be incorporated in the more comprehensively process or technique with other function of not describing in detail herein.
For flat glass plate being bent to the sheet glass of the curved surface with expectation, for example, depression mould with area supported (ceramic surface) can for example, be heated to predetermined the first temperature 310 in heating unit (stove).The first exemplary temperature is 400 ° degrees centigrade, but can select any other greater or lesser preferred temperature other element for special process, glass sheet size and technique.Sheet glass can be in stove or outside be positioned at ceramic upper surface above 320.Then, the temperature of sheet glass can be increased at least the first temperature, to increase the flexibility 330 of sheet glass.Then, can improve the shape 340 of in the state of the flexibility increase caused, regulating sheet glass by sheet glass is bearing on ceramic surface to the temperature remained on due to sheet glass simultaneously.Therefore, ceramic surface can make the shape of the upper surface of sheet glass based on ceramic surface be curved shape, for example parabolic shape or part parabolic shape.
In certain embodiments, ceramic surface can separate 350 with following flank.In such an embodiment, can to ceramic surface, be further processed individually with respect to flank.This separation for example can occur in, in heating environment (stove), or in the aftertreatment position.In other embodiment of method 300, ceramic surface can keep being attached to flank.In either case, can both fix by the cooled glass plate curved shape 360 of sheet glass.For any glass or metal, process for cooling can both be determined the material property of the finished product.Therefore, can use the set rate cooled glass, use for following with the bending glass sheet that produces expectation.
Regardless of rate of cooling, dismounting ceramic surface or the position of being processed, bending glass sheet finally can both separate 370 with ceramic surface.
By this mode, with the bending glass sheet that only uses flank production, to compare, the bending glass sheet that can be used in mirror has less flaw.Therefore, the CPV system combined in mirror through the modified version bending glass sheet obtained will show good performance characteristic.
Except heat effect as described above, reflecting surface can be subject to fringing effect during rear crooked process for cooling.Therefore because the Bi Ban center, edge that is subject to hot glass sheet is cooling sooner, be subject to the curved shape that the edge of hot glass sheet has can be different from the cooling slower rest part of plate.These shape flaws can adversely affect the performance of reverberator, and if for the CPV system, can adversely affect the power of system.
For a solution reducing edge curvature flaw, be before process for cooling or during process for cooling, heat regulator, heating controller or heat management device to be positioned adjacent to the edge of sheet glass.The heat management device can during cooling be regulated radiation and transmission of heat by convection process, to keep more uniform cooling section in sheet glass.Therefore because glass will be cooling more equably, fringing effect minimized or eliminate, thereby having improved the precision of the reverberator formed by the depression bending glass sheet.
What in addition, even cooling the allowed cooling raio of sheet glass will likely realize by alternate manner is faster.Thermal gradient in sheet glass can cause by stress-induced distortion.This stress-induced distortion then can adversely affect the optical property of obtained glass.If with first rate, the sheet glass that does not have the edge heat management is carried out coolingly, the very fast cooling sheet glass that will make at edge bears thermal gradient so.As long as the first rate of cooling is enough little, once so cooling, the stress caused due to gradient will be very little on the optical property impact of mirror.Yet, if with the second faster speed, identical sheet glass is carried out coolingly, the stress caused due to thermal gradient so will cause the deviation much bigger with respect to related optical property.
The heat management device that the rate of cooling of use edge is regulated or heating controller can produce more uniform temperature and distribute in sheet glass, reduce thus thermal gradient.Therefore, can carry out with very fast the second cooling speed as described above coolingly to sheet glass, and can not make sheet glass bear by stress-induced optics flaw.Therefore, the edge heat management not only can improve the optical property of glass, can also improve the treatment rate of each sheet glass, thereby increases by the gross production of depression bending process.
Figure 16 shows depression bending mould assembly 400.Die assembly 400 comprises mould 410 and heat regulator or manager 430.Mould 410 can be shaping and the depression bending mould that is configured to receive sheet glass during glass bending.Mould 410 can be above with reference to the described any type of Fig. 1 to Figure 14 (according to expectation, comprise or omit wherein determined feature), and any other the rib structure or the depression bending mould of circumference structure.Mould 410 can supporting hot manager 430, be formed with heat management device 430, be attached to heat management device 430 releasedly or match with heat management device 430, with heat management device 430 is positioned at the glass that is supported on mould 410 around.
Refer again to Figure 17, mould 410 can have the one or more rib members 412 that extend along first direction.Rib member 412 can have the supporting member 414 extended between rib member 412 along transverse direction (comprising perpendicular to first direction), thus connection rib member 412.In certain embodiments, supporting member 414 can be confined to the circumference member, and for example sidewall 416.Mould 410 can also comprise sidewall 416, bottom 418 and and supporting plate 420.Rib member 412 and supporting member 414 can form common upper surface.Upper surface can directly receive sheet glass 428, or upper surface can be installed the supporting plate similar to supporting plate as described above 420.Therefore, supporting plate 420 can receive and regulate the curvature of the sheet glass 428 be heated.
In the illustrated embodiment, mould 410 and corresponding heat management device 430 have quadrangle form, i.e. rectangle.According to the expectation of embodiment, other embodiment can have different shapes, no matter is regular shape (such as pentagon, octagon etc.), round-shaped or modification (for example avette or oval), or even illustrates the modification of tetragonal depth-width ratio.
Continuously with reference to Figure 16 and Figure 17, heat management device 430 can have at sheet glass 428 and supporting plate 420(when occurring in an embodiment) below and the shape of cross section of the top bending of extending.Heat management device 420 can comprise 432He bottom, top 434.
Heat management device 430 can have the internal surface 436 towards sheet glass 428 or mould 410 guiding.Internal surface 436 can 434 extensions along 432He bottom, top simultaneously.Internal surface 436 can be reflecting surface, comprise in certain embodiments can reflected infra-red radiation surface.In certain embodiments, internal surface 436 on 432Huo bottom, top 434 can be solid, and in other embodiments, internal surface 436 can be easy to infiltration gas, for example passes through partially or even wholly along any one in part 432,434 or perforation or the ventilation unit section of extending along part 432,434 simultaneously.
In certain embodiments, as shown in the figure, sheet glass 428 can be by rib member 412 and/or supporting member 414 supportings at the edge that surpasses sidewall 416.In those embodiment (comprising illustrated embodiment), supporting plate 420 also can extend beyond sidewall 416, thereby is complementary with the size and dimension of sheet glass 428.In such an embodiment, the part of the part of any one in sheet glass 428 and supporting plate 420 or sheet glass 428 and supporting plate 420 can be considered to mould 410 or the circumference of sheet glass 418 own.In certain embodiments, circumference any rational amount that can extend internally from edge, in order to can not be considered to mould 410 or sheet glass 428 center.Therefore, although heat management device 430 is shown the top 432 had above the circumference that extends in sheet glass 428 in some illustrated embodiment, but the edge that in other embodiments, heat management device 430 can surpass by sidewall 416 marks further extends towards the inboard of sheet glass 428.
In addition, in any one embodiment in supporting plate 420 and/or sheet glass 428 end at sidewall 416 or do not extend beyond the embodiment of sidewall 416, mould 410(comprises rib member 412) circumference and sheet glass 428 can extend internally from sidewall 416.Therefore, top 432 can be extended far away as embodiment is desired towards the inboard of sheet glass 428.Similarly, bottom 434 can be extended desired far away like that below circumference, comprises together with sidewall 416 and forming.In bottom 434 from sidewall 416 towards inboard is extended or is omitted those embodiment of sidewall 416, bottom 434 can be extended towards inboard desired far away like that.Therefore, in certain embodiments, the 432He bottom, top 434 of heat management device 430 can be extended in the circumference above and below of rib member 412, supporting member 414, mould 410, supporting plate 420 and/or sheet glass 428.In certain embodiments, heat management device 430(comprises top 432) can be towards bending glass sheet.Therefore, in certain embodiments, for example, heat management device 430 can be bent downwardly towards sheet glass.
Although illustrated embodiment shows the complete circumference around sheet glass 428, in certain embodiments, heat management device 430 can be only partly extends along the circumference of sheet glass 428.No matter for example, can only along two relative both sides, have heat management device 430, be horizontal or top and bottom.In certain embodiments, heat management device 430 can be discontinuous, thereby has opening along circumference.
Heat management device 430 is shown has crooked inner surface 436, and opens certain distance with any surface or the marginating compartment of sheet glass 428.This distance can change between embodiment, and any part of crooked inner surface 436 can not be less than 1 millimeter near sheet glass 428, or in other embodiments, any part of internal surface 436 can not be greater than 200 millimeters away from sheet glass 428.Other embodiment can have the geometrical shape that represents the gamut between them.In certain embodiments, internal surface 436 has constant distance with respect to sheet glass 428, and in other embodiments, for example, in illustrated embodiment, this distance can the curvature based on internal surface 436 change.
The true form of 432He bottom, top 434 can change between embodiment.Therefore, some embodiment of heat management device 430 can be shaped and be positioned to make internal surface 436 to extend to very close sheet glass 428 and/or supporting plate 420, have very little gap therebetween.In other embodiments, the sizable air gap between internal surface 436 and sheet glass can be constructed and be positioned to allow to heat management device 430.
In the illustrated embodiment, a sidewall 416 is compared another sidewall 416 and is had the 418 more high altitudes that make progress from bottom.There is the more side of high altitude and be called as upside.Be connected the height than downside between the bottom 434 of upside and sidewall 416.Because this connection is the constant distance of supporting plate 420 or sheet glass 428 belows, so the shape of cross section of heat management device 430 can keep constant.Yet, if being connected on upside and downside between sidewall 416 and bottom 434 is double altitudes with respect to bottom, the shape of the heat management device 430 of upside will extend upward larger vertical distance, in order to using top 432 from top stacked coated glass sheets 428.Therefore, the shape of cross section of heat management device 430 needn't keep identical in every side of single embodiment.
Special in the mutability between different embodiment, heat management device 430 can have any shape of cross section in multiple shape of cross section, basic circular curvature shown in comprising, and other curved shape, perhaps rectilinear form (for example holding square or other tetragonal three sides of top, the outside and the bottom of sheet glass 428, rib member 412 or supporting plate 420), or any combination of these shapes.In addition, described shape needn't be symmetrical between 432Yu bottom, top 434.Therefore, in certain embodiments, compare in the 432， bottom, top 434 of extending above sheet glass 428, rib member 412 and/or supporting plate 420 and can further extend below sheet glass 428, rib member 412 and/or supporting plate 420.In other embodiments, if desired, contrary situation is also set up.
Similarly, although Figure 16 and Figure 17 show the embodiment of the heat management device 430 integrally formed with sidewall 416, but some embodiment can below there is gap, thereby allow to exchange to surrounding environment in the chamber of air between sheet glass 428 and internal surface 436.
Heat management device 430 can be configured to single solid parts, for example curved part or metal.In other embodiments, heat management device 430 can be some interconnecting pieces, comprises crooked metal sheet.With regard to all parts shown in accompanying drawing, thickness does not become any ratio and only illustrates for illustrative purposes.Therefore, the thickness of heat management device 430 can be significantly smaller than the thickness of sheet glass 428, or is greater than in certain embodiments the thickness of sheet glass 428.
Internal surface 436 can be formed by independent material, for example highly reflective (comprising heat reflectivity) material.Therefore, internal surface 436 can be the material formation of coating, coating, plated material or any expectation.
Figure 18 shows the alternative embodiment of die assembly 400, and wherein heat management device 430 has line transversal face shape.Can be regulated according to the length of any one section in several sections of expectation opposite heat tube reason device 430, to change the distance of internal surface 436 with respect to sheet glass 428.
With reference to Figure 19, in certain embodiments, 532He bottom, top 534 can be configured to whole rigid element.Unless explicitly stated otherwise, otherwise Reference numeral used herein refers to the parts similar to those parts of confirming above with reference to Figure 16 to Figure 18, except numeral increases by 100.In some embodiment of heat management device 530, but part 532,534 can relative to each other can hinged or pivotable.In such an embodiment, heat management device 530 can be positioned at least two positions: bonding station and removed position.In the first bonding station, as shown in Figure 16 to Figure 18, top 532 can be positioned at the top of sheet glass 528 and extend above sheet glass 528.The second dismounting, open or discrete positions in, top 532 can rotate or be switched to open mode, wherein from above while considering sheet glass 528 be unlapped.Hinge or pivotally connected can be used in connect 532Yu bottom, top 534.Top 532 needs not to be single integral piece, but can open or discharge along illustrated seamed turning, to allow Unscrew on each direction in the four direction corresponding with the tetragon edge of top 534.
In certain embodiments, bottom 534 can be separated with mould 510.In certain embodiments, bottom 534 can for example be connected with groove by fastening piece, coupling unit, shrink-fit, breech lock, clasp, boss or the technology of any other expectation is attached to mould 510.Similarly, although top 532 is shown pivotally or hingedly is connected to bottom 534, in certain embodiments, other technology can be used in connection (comprise releasedly or removably connect) part 532,534.Therefore, in first location, bottom 534 can be attached to mould 510, and, in the second position, bottom 534 can discharge from coupled position.
With reference to Figure 20, show another embodiment of die assembly 600.Unless expressly stated, otherwise Reference numeral used herein refers to and those similar parts of determining with Figure 19 above with reference to Figure 16 to Figure 18, except numeral increases respectively 200 and 100.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 20, heat management device 630 is the separate units of separating with mould 610.But in certain embodiments, heat management device 630 can connect (comprise releasedly and connecting) to mould 610.Mould 610 can be configured with the flange portion 626 of protrusion, and the flange portion 626 of protrusion partially or even wholly extends around the outward flange of sidewall 616.Flange portion 626 can be only along the part formation of sidewall 616, and at this part place of sidewall 616, bottom 634 is positioned on flange portion 626 when engaging.Therefore, if heat management device 630 only extends along two opposite edges of mould 610, mould 610 can be configured to only have the flange portion 626 extended along those opposite edges.
Refer again to Figure 21, heat management device 630 can be single-piece.Yet as described above, some embodiment can have multistage, independent 632He bottom, top 634 for example, thus allow release or the connection of corresponding section according to expectation.
In illustrated die assembly 600, be to be understood that, bottom 634 can be shaped and be configured to: when upwards lifting heat management device 630 by rib member 612 and sheet glass (not shown), have enough gaps between bottom 634 and other parts, in order to can not disturb sheet glass.By this mode, heat management device 630 can be placed on flange portion 626 from mould 610 tops, and removes with the same manner.
Figure 22 shows for for example, technology being subject to thermal environment (stove and baking box) use and Figure 20 with illustrated similar embodiment in Figure 21.Except as otherwise noted, otherwise Reference numeral used herein refers to the parts similar to those parts of determining with Figure 21 above with reference to Figure 16 to Figure 18, Figure 19 and Figure 20, except numeral increases respectively 300,200 and 100.
Figure 22 to Figure 24 shows the die assembly 700 treatment stage of three, and wherein sheet glass 728 is initially the rigid plate on plane and due to the adjusting of the heat management device 730 edge effects bending of caving in.
With reference to Figure 22, mould 710 is shown the below that is positioned at heat management device 730.Heat management device 730 is bearing on platform 770 by its underpart 734.Platform 770 can be that fix or mobile, for example the part of haulage system.Sheet glass 728 can be positioned on rib member 712, or, according to embodiment, sheet glass 728 can be positioned on the supporting plate (not shown).
Mould 710 then can move up with respect to heat management device 730, thereby bottom 734 is contacted with flange portion 726, and then heat management device 730 is placed on mould 710.In certain embodiments, haulage system can make mould 710 move up towards heat management device 730, and in other embodiments, manager 730 can be moved down on mould 710.In certain embodiments, manager 730 for example can be positioned at, on the mould 710 of (in the first hot arc of the baking box in the first temperature) in baking box.Different from the embodiment of Figure 20 and Figure 21, flange portion 726 on sidewall 716 in equal height, thereby make the heat management device extend to the upside height different with downside of mould 710.In other embodiments, also can use the heat management device and the mould that combine the similar feature described in other embodiment to arrange.
With reference to Figure 23, die assembly 700 can be positioned in the second hot arc of baking box.In various embodiments, the second hot arc can be positioned at top, below or the side of the first hot arc.The first hot arc can have different or similar temperature with the second hot arc.In the illustrated embodiment, the second hot arc can have relatively high temperature, is enough to make sheet glass 728 depressions crooked.As shown in the figure, heat 780 can be introduced along with heat management device 730, and wherein heat management device 730 connects, is connected to mould 710 or be positioned on mould 710 with mould 710.In certain embodiments, be enough to make the crooked heat 780 of sheet glass 728 depression to be introduced into before positioning heat manager 730.That is, in certain embodiments, mould 710 can be heated, and sheet glass 728 caved in crooked before the circumference positioning heat manager 730 around sheet glass 728.
Die assembly 700 can remain on the time of any desired length at the second temperature, to realize the depression bending of sheet glass 728.In certain embodiments, die assembly 700 can this treatment stage during advance and pass through baking box.Haulage system also can be used in and realizes that this moves.
With reference to Figure 24, can remove die assembly 710 from the second hot arc of baking box and die assembly 710 be put back to the first hot arc, or it be cooling to carry out to put back to the 3rd hot arc.Heat management device 730 can remain on the time that continues any desired length around the position of the circumference of sheet glass 728.This time period can with sheet glass 728, evenly to be cooled to the required time of surrounding temperature corresponding.In certain embodiments, heat management device 730 can separate with mould 710 completing before sheet glass 728 is cooled to surrounding temperature.In either event, can both realize the alleviation of fringing effect, thereby it is very little or there is no a unmatched depression bending glass sheet 728 of curvature to produce the rest part (comprising its center) have with sheet glass 728.
Mould 710 can move down by identical or different platform 770 with respect to heat management device 730.Platform 770 can contact and support bottom 734 with the bottom 734 of heat management device 730, thereby bottom 734 is separated with mould 710 when mould 710 continues relatively to move down.In certain embodiments, it is fixing that mould 710 can keep, and platform 770 moves with respect to mould 710, so that heat management device 730 is moved from mould 710.
The said process that heat management device 730 was located and removed to usage platform 770 only shows the technology for the positioning heat manager, as the part of depression bending process.As exemplary alternative embodiment, the heat management device can keep integrally formed with mould by the top of hinged or pivotable.Therefore, flat glass plate can be positioned on mould.Mould with sheet glass then can be heated and carry out cooling.The top of heat management device can be before heating or between heating period, be positioned at sheet glass circumference above or around the circumference of sheet glass location.In some embodiment of die assembly, can locate moulds after heating completes and after cooling beginning.
By continuous reference exemplary alternative embodiment as described above, haulage system can be with the contacted mode of fixed object, to make mold movement, and this fixed object can make the top rotation or be switched to joint, covering position.Similarly fixed object can be used in after cooling the top of heat management device is navigated to open position, thereby allows to remove the depression bending glass sheet.
In certain embodiments, haulage system can be attached to the heat management device in order releasedly, or only is attached to releasedly the top of heat management device, and in the step of any expectation, the heat management device directly is positioned on mould.In certain embodiments, haulage system can be fully around the assembly that moves moulds in baking box.In other embodiments, haulage system can move into and/or shift out baking box by die assembly.
Use hold the depression bending glass sheet the heat management device can alleviate the fringing effect occurred in the cooling sheet glass of surrounding environment.By alleviating these effects, contrast does not have the sheet glass depression bending of heat management device, and the curvature of sheet glass can be more even.Compare the situation without heat management device, the IR reflectance coating on the inboard of heat management device can contribute to the comparatively high temps in keep the edge information.By make edge with cooling than low rate---this speed is the rate of cooling at matched glass Ban center more critically---more uniform rate of cooling contributes to keep uniform curvature.Therefore, by the chamber at the heat management device, forming airbag, can catch warm air, or allow to discharge freezing air, also can manage the convection current cooling-part, increase equally the evenly cooling of sheet glass.Due to evenly cooling, can improve rate of cooling and can not affect the optical property of sheet glass, reduce thus the treatment time, and improve the turnout of glass bending process.
Although in foregoing detailed description, showed at least one exemplary embodiment, should be appreciated that and have a large amount of modification.It is also understood that and do not expect exemplary embodiment described herein or a plurality of embodiment scope, suitability or the structure of the theme of requirement for restriction protection by any way.On the contrary, the schema that foregoing detailed description will be provided convenience to those skilled in the art is with for implementing described embodiment or a plurality of embodiment.Should be appreciated that and can under the prerequisite that does not depart from the claim limited range, function and the layout to element carry out various changes, described scope is included in equivalent and foreseeable equivalent known while submitting this patent application to.

Claims (20)

  1. One kind the depression bending system, described depression bending system comprises:
    Depression curved glass supporting mould, described depression curved glass supporting mould has quadrangle form, total upper surface and circumference, and described supporting mould comprises:
    A plurality of rib members, described a plurality of rib member extends along first direction, each rib member in described a plurality of rib member has curved upper surface, described curved upper surface is configured as and can forms described total upper surface, the depression bending glass sheet that the position of described total upper surface and shape can support quadrangle form forms the profile of expecting, each the rib member in described rib member also has lower surface;
    A plurality of supporting members, extend the described first direction of described second direction crosscut along second direction between at least two rib members of described a plurality of supporting members in described a plurality of rib members; And
    The described circumference of wherein said supporting mould is formed by the edge of described rib member; And
    Circumference heat management device, the size of described circumference heat management device and position can hold the described circumference of described supporting mould, extending above the described circumference of described supporting mould and extending below the described circumference of described supporting mould at least in part at least in part, described heat management device comprises:
    Top, described top institute's size and position can be extended above the circumference of described total upper surface part, and extend above the described upper surface of at least one rib member on described top; And
    Bottom, the size of described bottom and position can be extended below the described circumference part of described supporting mould, and extend below the described lower surface of described at least one rib member described bottom.
  2. 2. depression bending system according to claim 1, described top and the described bottom of wherein said circumference heat management device are integrally formed as single cell.
  3. 3. depression bending system according to claim 1, the internal surface of wherein said heat management device is towards described supporting mould, and described internal surface has the infrared external reflection surface.
  4. 4. depression bending system according to claim 1, wherein compare the described top of extending above described upper surface, and described bottom is extended fartherly below the described lower surface of described at least one rib member.
  5. 5. depression bending system according to claim 1, wherein said bottom is bent upwards towards the described lower surface of described at least one rib member.
  6. 6. depression bending system according to claim 1, the described bottom of wherein said heat management device comprises perforated section.
  7. 7. depression bending system according to claim 1, wherein said heat management device is attached to described supporting mould releasedly.
  8. 8. depression bending system according to claim 7, described bottom and the described top of wherein said heat management device can be pivoted relative to each other, to allow described heat management device to separate with described supporting mould in first location, and engage with described supporting mould in the second position, thereby hold the described circumference of described supporting mould and suppress described heat management device and separate with described supporting mould.
  9. 9. depression bending system according to claim 7, described top and the described bottom of wherein said heat management device are connected through the hinge.
  10. 10. the bending system of the depression for the nonbreakable glass plate, described system comprises:
    Baking box, described baking box is suitable for heat is confined in enclosed space;
    The depression bending mould, described depression bending mould is suitable for receiving and is subject to hot glass sheet, and described depression bending mould has top surface, lower surface and circumference, and the size of described depression bending die can be positioned in described baking box;
    Haulage system, described haulage system is suitable for described depression bending mould is moved into and shift out described baking box; And
    The circumference heat regulator, the size of described circumference heat regulator can in and can be positioned at first location, to hold and to seal at least in part described depression bending mould, wherein said circumference heat regulator extends around the whole circumference of described depression bending mould substantially, covers at least a portion of described top surface and extends below at least a portion of described lower surface.
  11. 11. system according to claim 10, is characterized in that, described heat regulator is attached to described depression bending mould releasedly.
  12. 12. system according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described heat regulator can also be positioned in the second position, and wherein said heat regulator is not substantially around the whole circumference of described depression bending mould, extend at least a portion of covering described top surface or extend below at least a portion of described lower surface.
  13. 13. system according to claim 12, is characterized in that, described heat regulator comprises at least one pivotable connecting parts, and between described first location and the described second position around described pivotable connecting parts pivotable.
  14. 14. system according to claim 13, wherein said haulage system also is suitable for regulating the position of described heat regulator between described first location and the described second position.
  15. 15. system according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, described baking box has first paragraph and second segment, and described haulage system also is suitable for described heat regulator is positioned to the described first location in described first paragraph and described heat regulator is positioned to the described second position in described second segment.
  16. 16. a depression bending system, described depression bending system comprises:
    Depression bending mould device, described depression bending mould device is the hot glass sheet that is subject to of expectation curved shape for supporting; And
    Heat regulating device, described heat regulating device is near the warm edge that keeps described mould device when being subject to hot glass sheet to be positioned on described mould device.
  17. 17. depression bending system according to claim 16, wherein said heat regulating device is attached to described mould device releasedly.
  18. 18. depression bending system according to claim 16, wherein said heat regulating device comprises the infrared external reflection surface towards described mould device guiding.
  19. 19. depression bending system according to claim 16, wherein said heat regulating device comprises perforated portion.
  20. 20. depression bending system according to claim 16, wherein said heat regulating device can be regulated between the first location near the described edge of described mould device and the second position away from described mould device.
CN201210370027.0A 2011-12-22 2012-09-28 Heat-regulating glass bending apparatus and method Expired - Fee Related CN103172254B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/335,679 2011-12-22
US13/335,679 US8528366B2 (en) 2011-12-22 2011-12-22 Heat-regulating glass bending apparatus and method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103172254A true CN103172254A (en) 2013-06-26
CN103172254B CN103172254B (en) 2017-04-19

Family

ID=48632535

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201210370027.0A Expired - Fee Related CN103172254B (en) 2011-12-22 2012-09-28 Heat-regulating glass bending apparatus and method

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US8528366B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2794498A4 (en)
JP (1) JP2015505294A (en)
KR (1) KR20140116118A (en)
CN (1) CN103172254B (en)
AU (1) AU2012271907A1 (en)
CL (1) CL2012003620A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2013095744A1 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105299919A (en) * 2015-11-27 2016-02-03 东南大学 Mold for hot bending and forming trough type solar concentrating collector parabolic mirrors and manufacturing method thereof
CN107074616A (en) * 2014-08-01 2017-08-18 康宁股份有限公司 Glass forming apparatus and method
CN111630008A (en) * 2017-11-30 2020-09-04 康宁公司 Vacuum mold apparatus, system, and method for forming curved mirrors
CN112079554A (en) * 2019-06-13 2020-12-15 江苏佳成特种玻璃制造有限公司 Cooling device of hot bending glass processing equipment
CN113490648A (en) * 2020-01-31 2021-10-08 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 Method and device for bending glass sheets by pressing against a bending template
CN113880409A (en) * 2021-10-12 2022-01-04 天津北玻玻璃工业技术有限公司 Hot bending method for super-large glass
US11919396B2 (en) 2017-09-13 2024-03-05 Corning Incorporated Curved vehicle displays

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9206067B2 (en) * 2013-03-12 2015-12-08 Glasstech, Inc. Glass sheet support structure
CN105555719A (en) * 2013-07-16 2016-05-04 康宁股份有限公司 Apparatus and method for bending thin glass
USD778073S1 (en) * 2015-09-03 2017-02-07 David Michael Sandgrund Shelf
USD822890S1 (en) 2016-09-07 2018-07-10 Felxtronics Ap, Llc Lighting apparatus
KR102580465B1 (en) * 2016-11-23 2023-09-21 필킹톤 그룹 리미티드 Method for forming glass sheets and bending tools used therein
WO2018178881A1 (en) * 2017-03-28 2018-10-04 Agp America S.A. Low cost glass bending mold
US10775030B2 (en) 2017-05-05 2020-09-15 Flex Ltd. Light fixture device including rotatable light modules
USD833061S1 (en) 2017-08-09 2018-11-06 Flex Ltd. Lighting module locking endcap
USD862777S1 (en) 2017-08-09 2019-10-08 Flex Ltd. Lighting module wide distribution lens
USD832494S1 (en) 2017-08-09 2018-10-30 Flex Ltd. Lighting module heatsink
USD872319S1 (en) 2017-08-09 2020-01-07 Flex Ltd. Lighting module LED light board
USD846793S1 (en) 2017-08-09 2019-04-23 Flex Ltd. Lighting module locking mechanism
USD877964S1 (en) 2017-08-09 2020-03-10 Flex Ltd. Lighting module
USD832495S1 (en) 2017-08-18 2018-10-30 Flex Ltd. Lighting module locking mechanism
USD862778S1 (en) 2017-08-22 2019-10-08 Flex Ltd Lighting module lens
USD888323S1 (en) 2017-09-07 2020-06-23 Flex Ltd Lighting module wire guard
KR102197388B1 (en) * 2017-11-24 2020-12-31 주식회사 엘지화학 Method for forming curved glasss and curved glasss manufactured by the same
US20210122661A1 (en) * 2018-12-28 2021-04-29 Sanko Seikosho Co., Ltd. Thermoplastic plate bending method, working jig, and concave thermoplastic plate
FR3111889A1 (en) * 2020-06-29 2021-12-31 Saint-Gobain Glass France Bending frame of glass sheets with reduced strain
CN113442415B (en) * 2021-07-07 2023-04-07 成都巨峰玻璃有限公司 Automatic forming method for large windshield
CN114455825B (en) * 2022-01-19 2023-12-08 四川雄港玻璃有限公司 Glass pusher for autoclave
WO2024028007A1 (en) * 2022-08-02 2024-02-08 Sunmaxx PVT GmbH Shaped body and method for a photovoltaic module

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3230062A (en) * 1961-09-25 1966-01-18 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Method and apparatus for bending glass sheets
US3250246A (en) * 1964-11-25 1966-05-10 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Thermal reservoir type work support
US5201928A (en) * 1991-06-20 1993-04-13 Glasstech, Inc. Glass sheet forming method and apparatus
JPH06219759A (en) * 1993-01-28 1994-08-09 Central Glass Co Ltd Glass of curved surface and its production
CN1373098A (en) * 2001-02-28 2002-10-09 泰姆格拉斯有限公司 Device for bending glass sheet
CN1254448C (en) * 1999-03-23 2006-05-03 肖特股份公司 Method and appts. for evenly heating glass and/or glass ceramics by using red infrared radiation

Family Cites Families (76)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE537972A (en) * 1954-07-16
BE549029A (en) * 1955-07-02
US3137558A (en) * 1958-09-11 1964-06-16 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Glass bending apparatus
US3173781A (en) * 1961-03-03 1965-03-16 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Apparatus for bending glass sheets
NL297421A (en) * 1962-09-04
US3220822A (en) * 1964-02-07 1965-11-30 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Apparatus for bending glass sheets or plates
DE2557296C2 (en) 1975-12-19 1983-12-15 Erno Raumfahrttechnik Gmbh, 2800 Bremen Solar energy collector
JPS5664475A (en) 1979-08-23 1981-06-01 Unisearch Ltd Solar battery with branching diode
US4456332A (en) 1980-04-07 1984-06-26 Atlantic Richfield Company Method of forming structural heliostat
US4373783A (en) 1980-04-07 1983-02-15 Atlantic Richfield Company Thermally stabilized heliostat
US4468848A (en) 1982-03-08 1984-09-04 Atlantic Richfield Company Method of making combination curved-lightweight mirror module
US4468849A (en) 1982-03-08 1984-09-04 Atlantic Richfield Company Method of making a curved mirror module
US4502200A (en) 1982-03-08 1985-03-05 Atlantic Richfield Company Method of preparing lightweight mirror module
US4481378A (en) 1982-07-30 1984-11-06 Motorola, Inc. Protected photovoltaic module
US4640734A (en) 1984-05-24 1987-02-03 Atlantic Richfield Company Method and apparatus for assembling large panels
US4643544A (en) 1985-11-21 1987-02-17 Loughran William P Three view in one mirror
US4643543A (en) 1986-01-27 1987-02-17 Atlantic Richfield Company Mirror optic article
KR900004120B1 (en) 1986-03-18 1990-06-16 니혼 이다가라스 가부시끼가이샤 A ring mold unit for shaping glass sheet
JPS6414121A (en) 1987-07-07 1989-01-18 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Bend forming device for plate glass
US4759803A (en) 1987-08-07 1988-07-26 Applied Solar Energy Corporation Monolithic solar cell and bypass diode system
US4897102A (en) 1989-03-14 1990-01-30 Libbey-Owens-Ford Co. Glass sheet press bending mold
US5248346A (en) 1989-04-17 1993-09-28 The Boeing Company Photovoltaic cell and array with inherent bypass diode
US5389158A (en) 1989-04-17 1995-02-14 The Boeing Company Low bandgap photovoltaic cell with inherent bypass diode
US5180441A (en) 1991-06-14 1993-01-19 General Dynamics Corporation/Space Systems Division Solar concentrator array
JP2974513B2 (en) 1992-09-03 1999-11-10 キヤノン株式会社 Roof material integrated solar cell module
US5334496A (en) 1992-09-17 1994-08-02 Eastman Kodak Company Process and apparatus for reproducible production of non-uniform product distributions
ATE149978T1 (en) * 1992-10-15 1997-03-15 Tamglass Eng Oy METHOD AND FURNACE FOR BENDING GLASS PANELS
US5344496A (en) 1992-11-16 1994-09-06 General Dynamics Corporation, Space Systems Division Lightweight solar concentrator cell array
US5480494A (en) 1993-05-18 1996-01-02 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Solar cell module and installation method thereof
JP3202536B2 (en) 1994-07-19 2001-08-27 シャープ株式会社 Solar cell with bypass function
US5498297A (en) 1994-09-15 1996-03-12 Entech, Inc. Photovoltaic receiver
AUPM996094A0 (en) 1994-12-08 1995-01-05 Pacific Solar Pty Limited Multilayer solar cells with bypass diode protection
AUPN201395A0 (en) 1995-03-28 1995-04-27 University Of Sydney, The Solar energy collector system
US5660644A (en) 1995-06-19 1997-08-26 Rockwell International Corporation Photovoltaic concentrator system
US5616185A (en) 1995-10-10 1997-04-01 Hughes Aircraft Company Solar cell with integrated bypass diode and method
US5865905A (en) 1996-09-30 1999-02-02 Boeing North American, Inc. Rolled film solar concentrator
AUPO429396A0 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-01-23 Solsearch Pty Ltd Solar energy collector system
JP3397659B2 (en) 1997-10-30 2003-04-21 キヤノン株式会社 Photovoltaic roof and construction method
DE19819337A1 (en) 1998-04-30 1999-11-18 Zsw Thermohydraulic sun tracking device
GB2340993B (en) 1998-08-19 2003-10-29 British Steel Plc Integrated photovoltaic composite panel
US6034322A (en) 1999-07-01 2000-03-07 Space Systems/Loral, Inc. Solar cell assembly
US6635507B1 (en) 1999-07-14 2003-10-21 Hughes Electronics Corporation Monolithic bypass-diode and solar-cell string assembly
US6359209B1 (en) 2000-02-23 2002-03-19 Hughes Electronics Corporation Solar panel and solar cell having in-plane solar cell interconnect with integrated diode tab
US6553729B1 (en) 2000-06-09 2003-04-29 United Solar Systems Corporation Self-adhesive photovoltaic module
DE10041271A1 (en) 2000-08-23 2002-03-07 Thyssen Bausysteme Gmbh Roof or wall covering comprising photovoltaic solar module on self-supporting sheet metal panels, with heat-regulating system underneath
AUPR356601A0 (en) 2001-03-07 2001-04-05 University Of Sydney, The Solar energy reflector array
US6442937B1 (en) 2001-08-21 2002-09-03 The Boeing Company Solar receiver adaptive tracking control
JP2003160346A (en) 2001-11-22 2003-06-03 Murakami Corp Method for forming curved surface of glass substrate
US20030193055A1 (en) 2002-04-10 2003-10-16 Martter Robert H. Lighting device and method
DE202004005198U1 (en) 2004-04-01 2004-07-01 Strebe, Jürgen Photovoltaic power solar module producing direct current electricity, is mounted directly onto support frame made of metal
DE102004050269A1 (en) 2004-10-14 2006-04-20 Institut Für Solarenergieforschung Gmbh Process for the contact separation of electrically conductive layers on back-contacted solar cells and solar cell
US20060097385A1 (en) 2004-10-25 2006-05-11 Negley Gerald H Solid metal block semiconductor light emitting device mounting substrates and packages including cavities and heat sinks, and methods of packaging same
US7554031B2 (en) 2005-03-03 2009-06-30 Sunpower Corporation Preventing harmful polarization of solar cells
JP2008542391A (en) 2005-06-01 2008-11-27 ザ スクリップス リサーチ インスティテュート Crystals of cytochrome-ligand complexes and methods of use
US7468485B1 (en) 2005-08-11 2008-12-23 Sunpower Corporation Back side contact solar cell with doped polysilicon regions
JP2007184542A (en) 2005-12-09 2007-07-19 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Light-emitting module, manufacturing method thereof, and backlight apparatus using same
US7820475B2 (en) 2005-12-21 2010-10-26 Sunpower Corporation Back side contact solar cell structures and fabrication processes
JP2007194521A (en) 2006-01-23 2007-08-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Light-emitting module, and manufacturing method thereof
JP2007214247A (en) 2006-02-08 2007-08-23 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Light-emitting module and method of manufacturing same
DE102006009412A1 (en) 2006-02-23 2007-08-30 Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden-Württemberg Solar modular system has self-supporting support structure, support profile with lateral inserted profile for laterally adding an additional support profile or connecting profile or terminal profile and heat dissipation structure
EP2023414A4 (en) 2006-05-31 2010-02-17 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Led light source unit
AU2007288137B2 (en) 2006-08-25 2012-11-15 Areva Solar Pty Ltd Energy collector system having east-west extending linear reflectors
EP2171367A1 (en) 2007-06-06 2010-04-07 Ausra, Inc. Integrated solar energy receiver-storage unit
WO2009023063A2 (en) 2007-06-13 2009-02-19 Ausra, Inc. Solar energy receiver having optically inclined aperture
US20090056699A1 (en) 2007-08-27 2009-03-05 Mills David R Linear fresnel solar arrays and receievers therefor
US7709730B2 (en) 2007-09-05 2010-05-04 Skyline Solar, Inc. Dual trough concentrating solar photovoltaic module
US20090139557A1 (en) 2007-11-30 2009-06-04 Douglas Rose Busbar connection configuration to accommodate for cell misalignment
US20100154788A1 (en) 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Skyline Solar, Inc. Solar receiver
US20100163014A1 (en) 2008-12-29 2010-07-01 Skyline Solar, Inc. High ground cover ratio solar collection system
US8049150B2 (en) 2009-01-12 2011-11-01 Skyline Solar, Inc. Solar collector with end modifications
MX2011009760A (en) 2009-03-20 2011-09-29 Skyline Solar Inc Reflective surface for solar energy collector.
US20100294336A1 (en) 2009-05-22 2010-11-25 Skyline Solar, Inc. Center tapped receiver
US7968791B2 (en) 2009-07-30 2011-06-28 Skyline Solar, Inc. Solar energy collection system
US20110132457A1 (en) 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Skyline Solar, Inc. Concentrating solar collector with shielding mirrors
WO2011139852A2 (en) 2010-04-29 2011-11-10 Skyline Solar, Inc. Thin film coating pinning arrangement
US8039777B2 (en) 2010-07-08 2011-10-18 Skyline Solar, Inc. Solar collector with reflector having compound curvature

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3230062A (en) * 1961-09-25 1966-01-18 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Method and apparatus for bending glass sheets
US3250246A (en) * 1964-11-25 1966-05-10 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Thermal reservoir type work support
US5201928A (en) * 1991-06-20 1993-04-13 Glasstech, Inc. Glass sheet forming method and apparatus
JPH06219759A (en) * 1993-01-28 1994-08-09 Central Glass Co Ltd Glass of curved surface and its production
CN1254448C (en) * 1999-03-23 2006-05-03 肖特股份公司 Method and appts. for evenly heating glass and/or glass ceramics by using red infrared radiation
CN1373098A (en) * 2001-02-28 2002-10-09 泰姆格拉斯有限公司 Device for bending glass sheet

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107074616A (en) * 2014-08-01 2017-08-18 康宁股份有限公司 Glass forming apparatus and method
CN107074616B (en) * 2014-08-01 2020-04-03 康宁股份有限公司 Glass forming apparatus and method
CN105299919A (en) * 2015-11-27 2016-02-03 东南大学 Mold for hot bending and forming trough type solar concentrating collector parabolic mirrors and manufacturing method thereof
CN105299919B (en) * 2015-11-27 2017-04-05 东南大学 The parabolic lens bending mould of groove type solar concentrating collector and preparation method
US11919396B2 (en) 2017-09-13 2024-03-05 Corning Incorporated Curved vehicle displays
CN111630008A (en) * 2017-11-30 2020-09-04 康宁公司 Vacuum mold apparatus, system, and method for forming curved mirrors
CN111630008B (en) * 2017-11-30 2022-10-28 康宁公司 Vacuum mold apparatus, system, and method for forming curved mirrors
US11550148B2 (en) 2017-11-30 2023-01-10 Corning Incorporated Vacuum mold apparatus, systems, and methods for forming curved mirrors
CN112079554A (en) * 2019-06-13 2020-12-15 江苏佳成特种玻璃制造有限公司 Cooling device of hot bending glass processing equipment
CN113490648A (en) * 2020-01-31 2021-10-08 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 Method and device for bending glass sheets by pressing against a bending template
CN113880409A (en) * 2021-10-12 2022-01-04 天津北玻玻璃工业技术有限公司 Hot bending method for super-large glass

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2012271907A1 (en) 2013-07-11
WO2013095744A1 (en) 2013-06-27
US8528366B2 (en) 2013-09-10
US20130305787A1 (en) 2013-11-21
KR20140116118A (en) 2014-10-01
EP2794498A4 (en) 2015-07-29
US20130160495A1 (en) 2013-06-27
CL2012003620A1 (en) 2013-10-04
EP2794498A1 (en) 2014-10-29
JP2015505294A (en) 2015-02-19
CN103172254B (en) 2017-04-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103172254A (en) Heat-regulating glass bending apparatus and method
CN103180254B (en) Glass bending apparatus and method
US7766494B1 (en) Light-weight mirror blank assembly
TWI625310B (en) Method and system for forming shaped glass articles
TWI673396B (en) Atmospheric epitaxial deposition chamber
US8025832B2 (en) Method for shaping sheet thermoplastic and the like
US6045231A (en) Open core light-weight telescope mirror and method of manufacture
TWM514473U (en) Device for arranging substrates
EP2719670B1 (en) Methods for forming glass elliptical and spherical shell mirror blanks
JP2024054298A (en) High aspect ratio mirror bodies and mirror substrates, and methods and means for producing the mirror substrates
US20080297907A1 (en) Seamless molded reflectant material
JP2017519714A (en) Radiation shield for forming thin glass
JPH08194103A (en) Quadratic surface reflection mirror and its production
CN104341091B (en) Glass shell and the manufacture method of glass shell that mould is manufactured with it
CN219363498U (en) Hot bending die
JP2009046364A (en) Method for forming optical element and optical element
CN109154453A (en) Reflection unit
TWI535670B (en) Mold and cover glass made by mold and processing method thereof
CN117800568A (en) Silicon carbide plate of substrate glass forming furnace and forming furnace
CN117813192A (en) Method for producing a thin-walled acoustic component
JP2007246377A (en) Die for forming optical element and its assembling method

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20170419

Termination date: 20180928

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee