CN103169493A - 超声探针引导装置、方法及超声系统 - Google Patents
超声探针引导装置、方法及超声系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明揭示一种超声探针引导装置、方法及超声系统。该超声探针引导装置包括:振动器,用以振动探针;超声探头,用以发射超声脉冲并接收回用以发射超声脉冲并接收回声信号;及超声系统,与超声探头连接。超声系统包括:发射接收模块,与超声探头连接,用以提供激励脉冲给超声探头以发射超声脉冲且接收超声探头将回声信号转换成的电信号;位移计算模块,与发射接收模块连接,用以根据电信号的相位差计算运动位移;显示模块,与位移计算模块连接,用以根据运动位移显示图像。
Description
技术领域
本发明有关一种超声探针引导装置、方法及超声系统,尤其涉及一种利用超声波引导振动的探针进入人体组织的装置、方法及系统。
背景技术
外科手术、麻醉等过程中一般需要通过超声成像来让医生看见人体组织。在这些过程中需要清楚地显示探针并监测探针在人体组织中的前进过程。为了让医生能看见探针,一种传统的做法是探针被与其连接的振动器振动,系统通过多普勒的方法检测探针的振动速度,并显示探针的图像。然而,在医学应用中传统的多普勒的方法很难区分不同频率的运动,因此很难区分探针的振动和人体组织的运动。并且用多普勒方法去追踪高频率的运动会存在混淆现象。因此通过多普勒方法显示的探针的图像的分辨率较低。
因此,有必要提供一种超声探针引导装置、方法及超声系统来解决上面提及的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面在于提供一种超声探针引导装置。该超声探针引导装置包括:振动器,用以振动探针;超声探头,用以发射超声脉冲并接收回用以发射超声脉冲并接收回声信号;及超声系统,与超声探头连接。超声系统包括:发射接收模块,与超声探头连接,用以提供激励脉冲给超声探头以发射超声脉冲且接收超声探头将回声信号转换成的电信号;位移计算模块,与发射接收模块连接,用以根据电信号的相位差计算运动位移;显示模块,与位移计算模块连接,用以根据运动位移显示图像。
本发明的另一个方面在于提供一种探针引导方法。该方法包括以下步骤:振动探针;控制超声探头发射超声脉冲并接收回声信号,超声探头将回声信号转换成的电信号;通过电信号的相位差计算运动位移,运动位移包括探针的运动位移;及根据探针的运动位移显示探针的图像。
本发明的再一个方面在于提供一种超声系统。该超声系统包括:发射接收模块,用以提供激励脉冲且接收电信号;位移计算模块,与发射接收模块连接,用以根据电信号的相位差计算运动位移;显示模块,与位移计算模块连接,用以根据运动位移显示图像。
本发明的超声探针引导装置、方法和超声系统通过检测探针的运动位移来显示探针,可以很好的区分探针的运动和人体组织的运动,图像显示的分辨率较高。
附图说明
通过结合附图对于本发明的实施方式进行描述,可以更好地理解本发明,在附图中:
图1所示为本发明超声探针引导装置的一实施例的模块图。
图2所示为用于图1所示的超声探针引导装置的探针的一种振动波形图。
具体实施方式
除非另作定义,此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本发明专利申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性,而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样,“一个”或者“一”等类似词语也不表示数量限制,而是表示存在至少一个。除非另行指出,“前部”“后部”“下部”和/或“上部”等类似词语只是为了便于说明,而并非限于一个位置或者一种空间定向。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现在“包括”或者“包含”前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在“包括”或者“包含”后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同,并不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接,而是可以包括电性的连接,不管是直接的还是间接的。
请参考图1,超声探针引导装置100包括振动器2、超声探头3及与超声探头3连接的超声系统4。探针1用以在外科手术、麻醉等过程中插入人体组织200内。探针1在插入人体组织200内之前连接于振动器2。
振动器2用以振动探针1。靠近探针1的人体组织200由于探针1的振动也随之振动。振动器2的振动频率在200Hz至2000Hz之间,包括200Hz和2000Hz。并且探针1也以与振动器2相同的频率振动。振动器2也可以以其他任意适当的频率振动。振动器2和探针1的振动频率不同于其他运动比如心跳、呼吸等引起的运动的频率。振动器2和探针1的振动波可以是正弦波、脉冲、锯齿波或其他波形。振动器2在相对于探针1的纵向方向上振动探针1或者在相对于探针1的横向方向上振动探针1。振动器2可是任意一种能产生线性往复运动的装置,比如线性电机、螺线管、扬声器线圈或其他能与探针1连接产生纵向和/或横向往复运动的装置。
超声探头3包括若干成像传感器31且与患者的皮肤表面201接触,用以向人体组织200发射超声脉冲并接收从人体组织200返回的回声信号。成像传感器31在超声系统4的控制下被激励产生相位排列的超声脉冲。超声探头3转换回声信号成提供给超声系统4的电信号。
超声系统4包括与超声探头3连接的发射接收模块41、与发射接收模块41连接的位移计算模块42及与位移计算模块42连接的显示模块43。发射接收模块41用以提供激励脉冲给超声探头3以发射超声脉冲且接收超声探头3将回声信号转换成的电信号。电信号提供给位移计算模块42。
位移计算模块42用以根据电信号的相位差ΔΦ计算运动位移d,计算公式如下:
其中,λ是电信号的波长,V是电信号的速度,f是电信号的频率。运动位移包括探针1的运动位移、靠近探针1的振动的人体组织200的运动位移和其他运动位移,比如心跳、呼吸等引起的运动位移。探针1的运动幅度最大,探针1的运动位移大于靠近探针1的振动的人体组织200和其他运动位移。
显示模块43用以显示人体组织200和探针1的图像。显示模块43根据运动位移在图像的相应位置处显示亮点,因为探针1的运动位移大于其他运动位移,所以探针1的图像比人体组织200的图像亮,如此探针1可从显示模块43的显示中分辨出来。探针1可显示为彩色从而更容易分辨。
在一些实施例中,超声系统4进一步包括位于位移计算模块42与显示模块43之间的带通滤波器44,用以滤除非探针1的运动位移。振动器2的振动频率在带通滤波器44的通频带内,因此探针1的运动位移被保留。带通滤波器44的通频带在200Hz至2000Hz内。通频带也可以根据振动器2的振动频率设置为其他任意合适的频率范围。在保证振动器2的振动频率在带通滤波器44的通频带内的情况下,带通滤波器44的带宽尽可能窄,以达到较好的滤波效果。
从位移计算模块42输出的最终位移信号提供给带通滤波器44。最终位移信号是运动位移相对于时间的波形且是探针1、靠近探针1的振动的人体组织200及其他运动的位移信号的叠加,也就是说,最终位移信号的幅值是探针1、靠近探针1的振动的人体组织200及其他运动的位移信号的总和。探针1的振动频率不同于振动的人体组织200和其他运动的频率,因此带通滤波器44可滤除振动的人体组织200和其他运动的位移信号。从而探针1的位移信号提供给显示模块43,显示模块43根据探针1的位移信号显示人体组织200内的探针1的图像。因为带通滤波器44滤除了干扰信号,所以探针1的图像更清晰,更容易区分探针1和人体组织200。
一实施例中,超声探头3发出的超声脉冲与振动器2的振动波非同步。超声系统4发出的激励脉冲也与振动器2的振动波非同步。一连串的超声脉冲沿一个方向发射被称为一条谱线,如图1中的谱线L1、L2、…Ln所示,其中n是谱线的总条数。谱线逐条发射,也就是说,谱线L1发射完,发射谱线L2,依次发射至谱线Ln,然后再从谱线L1开始循环发射。在谱线方向上的人体组织200的不同位置的回声信号被接收。回声信号的采样频率大于两倍的振动器2的振动波的频率。采样频率可以根据实际应用选择。
另一实施例中,超声探头3发出的超声脉冲与振动器2的振动波同步。超声系统4发出的激励脉冲也与振动器2的振动波同步。超声系统4进一步包括与振动器2和发射接收模块41连接的控制器45,用以控制振动器2和发射接收模块41。控制器45控制发射接收模块41发射激励脉冲与振动器2的振动同步。
在该实施例中,超声探头3沿一条谱线比如L1的方向发射一个超声脉冲,然后沿下一条谱线比如L2的方向发射另一个超声脉冲,如此进行下去。超声脉冲沿谱线L1至Ln的方向逐个发射,称作一帧。超声探头3一帧一帧的发射超声脉冲。在一帧中,探针1沿其长度方向上的若干不同的点被扫描且从该些不同的点返回的回声信号被超声探头3接收。如图2所示,该实施例中的探针1的振动波W是正弦波并且振动波W被超声探头3通过降采样方式进行采样。因此,超声脉冲的发射频率较低。在该正弦波的一个周期内有一个或两个采样点,如图2中的采样点P1、P2、…Pm,其中m是采样点的个数。如此,使用该种方法人体组织200的较深的位置也可被很好的扫描。
下面结合图1来说明一种用以引导探针1进入人体组织200的方法。将超声探头3接触皮肤表面201。通过振动器2振动探针1,并且将探针1插入人体组织200内。超声系统4控制超声探头3发射超声脉冲并接收回声信号。超声系统4的发射接收模块41提供激励脉冲给超声探头3使其发射超声脉冲。然后,从人体组织200返回的回声信号被超声探头3接收并转换为电信号。发射接收模块41接收电信号。在一实施例中,超声系统4的控制器45控制发射接收模块41发射激励脉冲与振动器2的振动同步。
电信号进一步提供给位移计算模块42以根据电信号的相位差计算运动位移。之后,超声系统4的显示模块43显示人体组织200的图像并根据探针1的运动位移显示探针1的图像。在一实施例中,运动位移通过超声系统4的带通滤波器44来滤除非探针1的运动位移,从而保留探针1的运动位移。然后显示模块43根据探针1的运动位移显示探针1的图像。探针1可以清楚地从显示模块43显示的图像中分辨出来,从而可监测探针1在人体组织200内的行进过程。
虽然结合特定的实施方式对本发明进行了说明,但本领域的技术人员可以理解,对本发明可以作出许多修改和变型。因此,要认识到,权利要求书的意图在于涵盖在本发明真正构思和范围内的所有这些修改和变型。
Claims (20)
1.一种超声探针引导装置,包括:
振动器,用以振动探针;
超声探头,用以发射超声脉冲并接收回声信号;及
超声系统,与所述超声探头连接,其特征在于:所述超声系统包括:
发射接收模块,与所述超声探头连接,用以提供激励脉冲给所述超声探头以发射所述超声脉冲且接收所述超声探头将所述回声信号转换成的电信号;
位移计算模块,与所述发射接收模块连接,用以根据所述电信号的相位差计算运动位移;
显示模块,与所述位移计算模块连接,用以根据所述运动位移显示图像。
2.如权利要求1所述的超声探针引导装置,其特征在于:所述超声系统进一步包括位于所述位移计算模块与所述显示模块之间的带通滤波器,所述振动器的振动频率在所述带通滤波器的通频带内。
3.如权利要求2所述的超声探针引导装置,其特征在于:所述振动器的振动频率在200Hz至2000Hz之间。
4.如权利要求1所述的超声探针引导装置,其特征在于:所述超声脉冲与所述振动器的振动波非同步。
5.如权利要求1所述的超声探针引导装置,其特征在于:所述超声系统包括与所述振动器和所述发射接收模块连接的控制器,用以控制所述振动器和所述发射接收模块,并且所述超声脉冲与所述振动器的振动波同步。
6.如权利要求5所述的超声探针引导装置,其特征在于:所述振动波被所述超声探头通过降采样方式进行采样。
7.如权利要求6所述的超声探针引导装置,其特征在于:所述振动波是正弦波。
8.一种探针引导方法,包括以下步骤:
振动探针;
控制超声探头发射超声脉冲并接收回声信号,所述超声探头将所述回声信号转换成电信号;
根据所述电信号的相位差计算运动位移,所述运动位移包括所述探针的运动位移;及
根据所述探针的运动位移显示所述探针的图像。
9.如权利要求8所述的探针引导方法,其特征在于:所述探针引导方法进一步包括通过带通滤波器对所述运动位移进行滤波以滤除非探针的运动位移。
10.如权利要求9所述的探针引导方法,其特征在于:所述振动器的振动频率在所述带通滤波器的通频带内且在200Hz至2000Hz之间。
11.如权利要求8所述的探针引导方法,其特征在于:所述超声脉冲与所述振动器的振动波非同步。
12.如权利要求8所述的探针引导方法,其特征在于:所述超声脉冲与所述振动器的振动波同步。
13.如权利要求12所述的探针引导方法,其特征在于:所述振动波被所述超声探头通过降采样方式进行采样。
14.如权利要求13所述的探针引导方法,其特征在于:所述振动波是正弦波。
15.如权利要求8所述的探针引导方法,其特征在于:所述振动器在相对于所述探针的纵向方向上振动所述探针。
16.如权利要求8所述的探针引导方法,其特征在于:所述振动器在相对于所述探针的横向方向上振动所述探针。
17.一种超声系统,包括:
发射接收模块,用以提供激励脉冲且接收电信号;
位移计算模块,与所述发射接收模块连接,用以根据所述电信号的相位差计算运动位移;
显示模块,与所述位移计算模块连接,用以根据所述运动位移显示图像。
18.如权利要求17所述的超声系统,其特征在于:所述超声系统进一步包括位于所述位移计算模块与所述显示模块之间的带通滤波器。
19.如权利要求18所述的超声系统,其特征在于:所述带通滤波器的通频带在200Hz至2000Hz内。
20.如权利要求17所述的超声系统,其特征在于:所述超声系统进一步包括与所述发射接收模块连接的控制器,用以控制所述发射接收模块。
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JP2012275229A JP6199027B2 (ja) | 2011-12-20 | 2012-12-18 | 超音波針案内装置、方法、およびシステム |
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JP2013128771A (ja) | 2013-07-04 |
JP6199027B2 (ja) | 2017-09-20 |
US20130158390A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
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