CN103163324B - A kind of wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103163324B CN103163324B CN201310081265.4A CN201310081265A CN103163324B CN 103163324 B CN103163324 B CN 103163324B CN 201310081265 A CN201310081265 A CN 201310081265A CN 103163324 B CN103163324 B CN 103163324B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ultrasonic
- wind speed
- ultrasonic transducer
- temperature
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Abstract
A kind of wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature and measuring method thereof, detection system forms primarily of base (1), ultrasound transducer array, bracket assembly, circuit module and host computer.Described bracket assembly is fixed on base (1), described ultrasound transducer array is arranged on supporting component, ultrasonic transducer is connected with circuit module, the signal that ultrasonic transducer sends and receives sends into host computer (22) after circuit module process, host computer (22) realizes the function of wind speed and direction temperature acquisition and wind speed temperature analysis, and carries out data processing and storage.6 ultrasonic transducers of ultrasound transducer array are divided into three groups, 120 ° of angles are become to arrange between three groups: two ultrasonic transducers in each group ultrasonic transducer are positioned opposite, alternate emission ultrasonic signal, and the ultrasonic signal that the ultrasonic transducer receiving subtend layout with it sends.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrasonic measuring device, be specifically related to a kind of pick-up unit utilizing ultrasonic measurement wind energy turbine set three-dimensional velocity, temperature.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of global economy, the demand of the energy is growing, and energy security problem is by extensive concern.Wind energy is as a kind of pollution-free and contain the energy of huge energy, and its exploitation are subject to people and pay close attention to.The total amount of whole world wind energy is about 1.3*105GW according to statistics, and the main form that utilizes of wind energy is wind-power electricity generation, and Global Wind-energy industry is just expanded with the speedup of annual 20%, and within 2015, the wind energy industry gross output value will increase to 5 times of current level.Although Wind Power Utilization rapid development, it is still higher that wind power generation cost compares the current cost of other energy, and one of them major reason is exactly the stability problem of wind power generation.Due to the randomness of wind speed change, want to obtain maximum generation power, just need the change of following wind to control blower fan generating in real time, therefore precise real-time detection wind speed, wind direction are particularly important.
Compared with traditional wind speed and direction equipment, it is low that ultrasonic wind speed, wind direction detection system have fast, the accurate height of measuring speed, measurement range is wide, easy care, wind speed start threshold value.Do not need advantages such as calibrating constantly, also having a wide range of applications in Meteorological Services, commercial production etc., is a kind of very important surveying instrument.And utilize high-precision air-flow, temperature real time data can realize three-dimensional air-flow, temperature flow field picture is rebuild, and meets the demand of wind energy turbine set to local ambient wind velocity wind direction and Temperature Distribution.Chinese patent 200810101288.6 " method of ultrasonic wind velocity indicator and utilization ultrasonic measurement wind speed and direction " can only measure two-D wind speed.Chinese patent 201010608611.6 " a kind of wind power generating set ultrasonic wind speed and direction measuring device " also only can measure two-D wind speed, wind direction; Chinese patent 201110123546.2 " the three-dimensional wind detection method of ultrasound wave and three-dimensional ultrasonic anemoclinograph " can obtain tri-dimensional wind speed wind direction, but can not obtain temperature parameter simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to overcome existing three-dimensional ultrasonic detection technique can not the deficiency of measuring wind, temperature simultaneously, proposes a kind of new three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed, wind direction, temperature measuring equipment and measuring method thereof.The present invention has broad application prospects in fields such as environment, the energy and meteorologies.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
Wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature principle of the present invention is: adopt direct time difference method, utilizes the difference of ultrasonic signal forward-propagating time and backpropagation time to calculate wind speed and the ultrasonic velocity in ultrasonic wave propagation path direction.Utilize three to nonopiate ultrasonic transducer, obtain the wind speed component in three nonopiate directions respectively, then by calculating comprehensive wind speed and direction.Finally according to ultrasonic velocity, steam dividing potential drop, relation between atmospheric pressure and absolute temperature, under known steam dividing potential drop and atmospheric condition, corresponding temperature value can be calculated by the ultrasonic velocity calculated.
Wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature of the present invention forms primarily of base, ultrasound transducer array, bracket assembly, circuit module and host computer.Described bracket assembly is fixed on base, described ultrasound transducer array is arranged on supporting component, ultrasonic transducer is connected with circuit module, and the signal that ultrasonic transducer sends and receives sends into host computer process and storage after circuit module process.
Described base mainly plays fixation, and according to tested surrounding environment, base can be circular or square, also can be other arbitrary shape, and object is ensure bracket assembly and ultrasound transducer array stable.Ultrasound transducer array comprises 6 ultrasonic transducers, and 6 ultrasonic transducers are divided into three groups for a pair between two, becomes 120 ° of angles between three groups.Two ultrasonic transducer alternate emission ultrasonic signals in each group ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasonic signal that the ultrasonic transducer receiving subtend layout with it sends.Described bracket assembly is primarily of stainless steel cylinder, bracing frame and 6 gage beam compositions.The bottom of stainless steel cylinder is fixed by screws on base, and the top of stainless steel cylinder connects bracing frame, and the central shaft of stainless steel cask is vertical with base.Bracing frame is C shape structure, and the two ends up and down of bracing frame connect 3 gage beams respectively.6 described gage beams are divided into two groups, and one group of upper end being fixed on bracing frame, another group is fixed on the lower end of bracing frame.Gage beam camber bends, and the other end of gage beam connects ultrasonic transducer, and three groups of ultrasonic transducers facing each other become 120 ° of angles.Described bracing frame and gage beam inside are cavity, and the wire be connected between ultrasonic transducer with circuit module is through this cavity.
Described circuit module comprises CPU (central processing unit), ultrasonic drive circuit, ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit, signal condition unit, serial port driving unit, host computer and power supply unit.The control end of CPU (central processing unit) connects the control end of ultrasonic drive circuit and the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit.Power supply unit connects the power input of CPU (central processing unit), ultrasonic drive circuit, ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit, signal condition unit and serial port driving unit, for each unit of circuit module is powered.The input end of signal condition unit directly connects the output terminal of ultrasonic transducer, and the output terminal of signal condition unit connects the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit.The control end of serial port driving unit connects CPU (central processing unit), and connects host computer by serial ports.Signal transmission form is as follows: the control signal that first CPU (central processing unit) is launched is sent to control end and the corresponding counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit of ultrasonic drive circuit simultaneously.While ultrasonic drive circuit drives ultrasonic transducer to launch ultrasonic signal, the corresponding counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit starts counting.The ultrasonic transducer arranged with the ultrasonic transducer subtend of launching ultrasonic signal receives ultrasonic signal, send into signal condition unit and carry out enlarge leadingly and filtering, trigger transmitting-receiving treatment circuit counting unit and stop counting, then by CPU (central processing unit) according to the counting of counting unit and the distance between transmission and two ultrasonic transducers of received ultrasonic signal, calculate wind speed, wind direction, temperature parameter in conjunction with wind speed and direction temperature computation algorithm.Finally, the wind speed calculated, wind direction and temperature parameter are transferred to host computer through the serial port driving unit of CPU (central processing unit) to carry out showing and storing.
The STM32F103RBT6 of described wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature employing STM32 family and the fpga chip of altera corp, as CPU (central processing unit), control ultrasonic drive circuit, ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit, signal condition unit and serial port driving unit.The signal input part of first described ultrasonic drive circuit receives the control command of CPU (central processing unit), produce the drive pulse signal driving ultrasonic transducer, and ultrasonic signal launched by order ultrasonic transducer, the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit receives the control command of CPU (central processing unit) simultaneously, produce count pulse, the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit starts counting, treat that the ultrasonic transducer positioned opposite with the ultrasonic transducer launched receives ultrasonic signal, enlarge leadingly is carried out through signal condition unit, secondary amplify and filtering after, flip-flop number unit makes counting unit stop counting, obtain ultrasonic signal from the count value being transmitted into reception and propagating, CPU (central processing unit) calculates wind speed by wind speed and direction temperature calculation unit, wind direction, temperature value.Serial port driving unit by wind speed and direction temperature collecting cell carries out real-time display and the storage of data by Serial Port Transmission to host computer the wind speed and direction temperature data calculated.The 220V alternating current of input is converted to the voltage required for wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature each several part by power supply unit.
Described ultrasonic drive circuit is the important component part of wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature, and drive singal directly affects the quality of Received signal strength.Ultrasonic drive circuit must with ultrasonic transducer match parameters.The ultrasonic transducer centre frequency selected in the present invention is 400KHz, ultrasonic drive circuit adopts MOSFET driving chip, compared with bipolar transistor, MOSFET driving chip has that switching speed is fast, conducting resistance is low, control the advantages such as flexible, produce pulse signal by CPU (central processing unit) FPGA and produced the instantaneous pressure that can drive ultrasonic transducer by control MOSFET driving chip, make ultrasonic transducer produce ultrasonic signal.While producing pulse signal by FPGA, also for the counting unit of FPGA produces an enable signal, start counting.Signal condition unit comprises pre-amplification circuit, second amplifying circuit and filtering circuit, the input end of pre-amplification circuit connects the output terminal of ultrasonic transducer, output terminal connects the input end of second amplifying circuit, and the output terminal of second amplifying circuit connects the input end of filtering circuit.The aerial decay of ultrasonic signal is very large, therefore the ultrasonic transducer reception on opposite is transmitted into after the transmission range of 12cm from ultrasonic transducer, the ultrasonic signal that ultrasonic transducer receives is very faint, it is only mV magnitude, therefore need to amplify signal, the present invention selects OPA2134 as the main chip of pre-amplification circuit, this chip has following technical characterstic: voltage gain is 120dB, gain bandwidth (GB) 8MHz, supply voltage ± 2.5V to ± 18V is adjustable, the supply voltage adopted in the present invention is ± 5V.The pre-amplification circuit adopting mutual conductance to amplify mode after the ultrasonic signal that ultrasonic transducer receives amplifies; the input end of amplifier adopts and holds resistance coupling, carries out filtering, and adopt clipping mode in parallel to low frequency signal; diode pair drive singal is utilized to carry out amplitude limit, guard amplifier.The signal be exaggerated carries out after secondary amplification through adjustable second amplifying circuit again, through 4 rank Butterworth bandwidth-limited circuits carry out filtering laggard enter the signal input part of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit, because this signal is simulating signal, therefore first obtain Transistor-Transistor Logic level signal through dual channel high speed voltage comparator.Signal amplitude after high speed voltage comparator is 5V, and the pin input signal of FPGA is 3.3V, delivers to the FPGA system of CPU (central processing unit) after therefore isolating signal, as the stop signal of counting unit.The function of counting unit measures to transmit signals to the ultrasound wave aerial transmission time the process of ultrasonic transducer Received signal strength from ultrasonic transducer, measuring method utilizes a reference clock to go actuation counter, counting is stopped when receiving stop signal, obtain count pulse, thus obtain Measuring Time.
The STM32F103RBT6 of CPU (central processing unit) has higher data-handling capacity, controls driving force and powerful circuit interface designed capacity, therefore the present invention by each group time of calculating of ultrasonic transducer stored in chip STM32F103RBT6, tri-dimensional wind speed wind direction value is obtained by time difference method, and obtain temperature value by the method for searching, the computing method of concrete wind speed and direction temperature calculation unit are described below:
In the present invention, the first ultrasonic transducer is relative with the 6th ultrasonic transducer, the hyperacoustic time from the other side that the first ultrasonic transducer and the 6th ultrasonic transducer utilize the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit to measure respectively to receive.
In the present invention, the second ultrasonic transducer is relative with the 5th ultrasonic transducer, the hyperacoustic time from the other side that the second ultrasonic transducer and the 5th ultrasonic transducer utilize the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit to measure respectively to receive.
In the present invention, the 3rd ultrasonic transducer is relative with the 4th ultrasonic transducer, the hyperacoustic time from the other side that the 3rd ultrasonic transducer and the 4th ultrasonic transducer utilize the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit to measure respectively to receive.
The wind speed that the present invention utilizes time difference method to calculate respectively on the first ultrasonic transducer and the 6th ultrasonic transducer relative rectilinear direction is V1, wind speed on second ultrasonic transducer and the 5th ultrasonic transducer relative rectilinear direction is V2, wind speed on 3rd ultrasonic transducer and the 4th ultrasonic transducer relative rectilinear direction is V3, then according to the erection orientation of wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature, determine V1, V2, V3 tri-direction projections in the horizontal direction and the angle of geographical co-ordinate system, suppose that angle is θ, then can calculate, calculate horizontal direction parallel wind speed V
xwith vertical velocity V
yand the wind speed V of vertical direction
z:
Wherein
for the angle of ultrasonic transducer and central vertical shaft, in the present invention, be 60 °.
Known V
x, V
y, V
z, then can obtain mean wind speed V and horizontal wind angle φ:
The measurement of temperature: the propagation of the velocity of sound depends on the absolute temperature of air, when rough thinking does not rely on atmospheric pressure and is weak with the dependence of air humidity yet.The corresponding relation of velocity of sound c and temperature T can be expressed as:
Wherein c is the ultrasonic velocity calculated.
If ignore the correlativity between the velocity of sound and air humidity, then utilize reference air humidity be 0% dry air suppose:
T
v＝c
2/402.31466-273.15
C is wind speed, T
vfor ultrasonic measurement calculates the virtual temperature obtained.But virtual temperature compared with normal temperature is high, between them, there is the relation that is approximate:
T
r＝T
v-0.135K*m
3/g*a
Wherein T
ractual air temperature, T
vbe the virtual temperature measured by ultrasonic equipment, a is the quality of hydrone in every cubic metres of air, and unit is g.For the air themperature of 20 DEG C, when relative humidity is 100%, about virtual temperature can high 2K, therefore, the present invention avoids measuring tempeature to obtain larger error, and then compensates the virtual temperature calculated according to the situation of change of surveyed area chemical composition over the years, obtains temperature value.
Described host computer mainly completes wind speed and direction temperature acquisition and wind speed temperature analysis 2 functions.Wind speed and direction temperature acquisition is for carrying out real-time display and the storage of the wind speed, wind direction and the temperature that gather.Wind speed, wind direction, temperature value can be preserved in real time while carrying out data acquisition, during preservation, preserve into textual form according to time sequencing.Three-dimensional wind direction is shown in real time by three-dimensional coordinate mode, and three-dimensional velocity, mean wind speed, temperature and ultrasonic velocity are shown by icon and numeral two kinds of modes.Wind speed temperature analysis function carries out Dynamic Announce and analysis mainly for multiple stage wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature at the wind speed of co-altitude collection, temperature data.Analytic function can realize the wind speed of 20*20 different acquisition point and the analysis of temperature data and continuous Dynamic Announce.The size of display data utilizes color to represent, the setting of data area can adjust according to actual wind speed, temperature value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 wind energy turbine set ultrasonic wind speed Bracket for Inspection;
Fig. 3 wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature principle schematic;
1 base, 2 stainless steel cylinders, 3 bracing frames, 4 first gage beams, 5 first ultrasonic transducers, 6 second gage beams, 7 second ultrasonic transducers, 8 the 3rd gage beams, 9 the 3rd ultrasonic transducers, 10 the 4th ultrasonic transducers, 11 the 4th gage beams, 12 the 5th ultrasonic transducers, 13 the 5th gage beams, 14 the 6th gage beams, 15 the 6th ultrasonic transducers, 16 bracing frames, 17 ultrasonic drive circuits, 18 ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuits, 19 signal condition unit, 20 CPU (central processing unit), 21 serial port driving units, 22 host computers, 23 power supply units.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
A kind of wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature forms primarily of base 1, ultrasound transducer array, bracket assembly, circuit module and host computer.Described bracket assembly is fixed on base 1, described ultrasound transducer array is arranged on supporting component, ultrasonic transducer is connected with circuit module, and the ultrasonic signal that ultrasonic transducer sends and receives is sent into host computer 22 and carried out processing and storing after circuit module process.
Described base 1 mainly plays fixation, and according to tested surrounding environment, base 1 can be circular or square, also can be other arbitrary shape, and object is ensure bracket assembly and ultrasound transducer array stable.Ultrasound transducer array comprises 6 ultrasonic transducers, is respectively the first ultrasonic waves transducer 5, second ultrasonic waves transducer 7, the 3rd ultrasonic waves transducer 9, the 4th ultrasonic waves transducer 10, the 5th ultrasonic waves transducer 12, the 6th ultrasonic waves transducer 15.6 ultrasonic transducers, between two relative to being divided into into three groups, become 120 ° of angles between three groups.Two ultrasonic transducer alternate emission ultrasonic signals in each group ultrasonic transducer, and receive the ultrasonic signal that opposite ultrasonic transducer sends.Wherein the first ultrasonic waves transducer 5, second ultrasonic waves transducer 7 and the 3rd ultrasonic waves transducer 9 one-tenth 120 ° of angles, are positioned at the lower end of C shape bracing frame 3.4th ultrasonic waves transducer 10, the 5th ultrasonic waves transducer 12 and the 6th ultrasonic waves transducer 15 one-tenth 120 ° of angles, are positioned at the upper end of C shape bracing frame 3.Three ultrasonic transducers in each group become 120 ° of angles.First ultrasonic transducer 5 is relative with the 6th ultrasonic transducer 15, second ultrasonic transducer 7 is relative with the 5th ultrasonic transducer 12,3rd ultrasonic transducer 9 is relative with the 4th ultrasonic transducer 10, and the distance between ultrasonic transducer facing each other is consistent, is 12cm.Ensure two ultrasonic transducer alternate emission ultrasonic signals in ultrasonic transducer facing each other simultaneously and receive the ultrasonic signal of opposite ultrasonic transducer.
Described bracket assembly is primarily of stainless steel cylinder 2, bracing frame 3 and 6 gage beam compositions.The bottom of stainless steel cylinder 2 is connected by screw base 1, and the top of stainless steel cylinder 2 connects bracing frame 3, and the central shaft of stainless steel cask 2 is vertical with base 1.Bracing frame 3 is C shape structure, and the two ends up and down of bracing frame 3 connect 3 gage beams respectively.Bracing frame 3 also can be other structure.As shown in Figure 2, the lower end of bracing frame 16 is connected with the upper end of stainless steel cylinder 2.6 described gage beams are respectively the first gage beam 4, second gage beam 6, the 3rd gage beam 8, the 4th gage beam 11, the 5th gage beam 13, the 6th gage beam 14.6 gage beams are divided into two groups, wherein the first gage beam 4, second gage beam 6 and the 3rd gage beam 8 are one group, be fixed on the lower end of bracing frame 3,4th gage beam 11, the 5th gage beam 13 and the 6th gage beam 14 are one group, be fixed on the upper end of bracing frame 3, the other end of 6 described gage beams connects ultrasonic transducer.Gage beam is angled bending, ensures that three groups of ultrasonic transducers facing each other become 120 ° of angles.Described bracing frame 3 is cavity with gage beam inside, and the wire be connected between ultrasonic transducer with circuit module is through this cavity.
As shown in Figure 3, described circuit module comprises CPU (central processing unit) 20, ultrasonic drive circuit 17, ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit 18, signal condition unit 19, serial port driving unit 21 and power supply unit 23.Circuit module is placed in stainless steel cylinder 2, and circuit module is connected with ultrasonic transducer by wire.The control end of CPU (central processing unit) 20 connects the control end of ultrasonic drive circuit 17 and the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit 18.Power supply unit 23 connects the power input of CPU (central processing unit) 20, ultrasonic drive circuit 17, ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit 18, signal condition unit 19 and serial port driving unit 21, for each unit of circuit module is powered.The input end of signal condition unit 19 connects the output terminal of ultrasonic transducer, and the output terminal of signal condition unit connects the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit 18.The control end of serial port driving unit 21 connects CPU (central processing unit) 20, and connects host computer 22 by serial ports.Signal transmission form is as follows, first the control signal that CPU (central processing unit) 19 is launched delivers to the control end of ultrasonic drive circuit 17 and the corresponding counts unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit 18 simultaneously, while ultrasonic drive circuit 17 drives ultrasonic transducer to launch ultrasonic signal, the corresponding counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit 18 starts counting.The ultrasonic transducer arranged with the ultrasonic transducer subtend of launching ultrasonic signal receives ultrasonic signal, send into signal condition unit 19 and carry out enlarge leadingly and filtering, the counting unit of Triggered ultrasound ripple transmitting-receiving treatment circuit 18 stops counting, then by CPU (central processing unit) 20 according to the distance between the counting of counting unit and two ultrasonic transducers of transmission and received ultrasonic signal, calculate wind speed, wind direction, temperature parameter in conjunction with wind speed and direction temperature computation algorithm.Finally, the wind speed calculated, wind direction and temperature parameter are transferred to host computer 22 through the serial port driving unit 21 of CPU (central processing unit) 20 to carry out showing and storing.
Described wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature adopts the STM32F103RBT6 of STM32 family and the fpga chip of altera corp as CPU (central processing unit) 20, controls ultrasonic drive circuit 17, ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit 18, signal condition unit 19 and serial port driving unit 21.The signal input part of first described ultrasonic drive circuit 17 receives the control command of CPU (central processing unit) 20, produce the drive pulse signal driving ultrasonic transducer, and ultrasonic signal launched by order ultrasonic transducer, the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit 18 receives the control command of CPU (central processing unit) 20 simultaneously, produce count pulse, the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit 18 starts counting, treat that the ultrasonic transducer positioned opposite with the ultrasonic transducer launched receives ultrasonic signal, enlarge leadingly is carried out through signal condition unit 19, secondary amplify and filtering after, flip-flop number unit makes counting unit stop counting, obtain ultrasonic signal from the count value being transmitted into reception and propagating, CPU (central processing unit) 20 calculates wind speed by wind speed and direction temperature calculation unit, wind direction, temperature value.Serial port driving unit 21 is transferred to by serial port drive circuit 21 real-time display and the storage that host computer 22 carries out data the wind speed and direction temperature data calculated.The 220V alternating current of input is converted to the voltage required for wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature each several part by power supply unit 23.
Described ultrasonic drive circuit 17 is important component parts of wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature, and drive singal directly affects the quality of Received signal strength.Ultrasonic drive circuit must with ultrasonic transducer match parameters.The ultrasonic transducer centre frequency selected in the present invention is 400KHz, ultrasonic drive circuit 17 adopts MOSFET driving chip, compared with bipolar transistor, MOSFET driving chip has that switching speed is fast, conducting resistance is low, control the advantages such as flexible, produce pulse signal by CPU (central processing unit) 20FPGA and produced the instantaneous pressure that can drive ultrasonic transducer by control MOSFET driving chip, make ultrasonic transducer produce ultrasonic signal.While producing pulse signal by FPGA, also for the counting unit of FPGA produces an enable signal, start counting.Signal condition unit 19 comprises pre-amplification circuit, second amplifying circuit and filtering circuit, the input end of pre-amplification circuit connects the output terminal of ultrasonic transducer, output terminal connects the input end of second amplifying circuit, and the output terminal of second amplifying circuit connects the input end of filtering circuit.The aerial decay of ultrasonic signal is very large, therefore be transmitted into opposite ultrasonic transducer from ultrasonic transducer to receive after the transmission range of 12cm, the ultrasonic signal that ultrasonic transducer receives is very faint, it is only mV magnitude, therefore need to amplify signal, the present invention selects OPA2134 as the main chip of pre-amplification circuit, this chip has following technical characterstic: voltage gain is 120dB, gain bandwidth (GB) 8MHz, supply voltage ± 2.5V to ± 18V is adjustable, the supply voltage adopted in the present invention is ± 5V.The pre-amplification circuit adopting mutual conductance to amplify mode after the ultrasonic signal that ultrasonic transducer receives amplifies; the input end of amplifier adopts and holds resistance coupling, carries out filtering, and adopt clipping mode in parallel to low frequency signal; diode pair drive singal is utilized to carry out amplitude limit, guard amplifier.The signal be exaggerated carries out after secondary amplification through adjustable second amplifying circuit again, through 4 rank Butterworth bandwidth-limited circuits carry out filtering laggard enter the signal input part of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit 18, because this signal is simulating signal, therefore first obtain Transistor-Transistor Logic level signal through dual channel high speed voltage comparator.Signal amplitude after high speed voltage comparator is 5V, and the pin input signal of FPGA is 3.3V, delivers to the FPGA system of CPU (central processing unit) 20 after therefore isolating signal, as the stop signal of counting unit.The function of counting unit measures to transmit signals to the ultrasound wave aerial transmission time the process of ultrasonic transducer Received signal strength from ultrasonic transducer.
CPU (central processing unit) STM32F103RBT6 has higher data-handling capacity, controls driving force and powerful circuit interface designed capacity, therefore the present invention by each group time of calculating of ultrasonic transducer stored in STM32F103RBT6, tri-dimensional wind speed wind direction value is obtained by time difference method, and obtain temperature value by the method for searching, circular is described below:
In the present invention, the first ultrasonic transducer 5 is relative with the 6th ultrasonic transducer 15, the hyperacoustic time from the other side that the first ultrasonic transducer 5 and the 6th ultrasonic transducer 15 utilize the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit 18 to measure respectively to receive.
In the present invention, the second ultrasonic transducer 7 is relative with the 5th ultrasonic transducer 12, the hyperacoustic time from the other side that the second ultrasonic transducer 7 and the 5th ultrasonic transducer 12 utilize the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit 18 to measure respectively to receive.
In the present invention, the 3rd ultrasonic transducer 9 is relative with the 4th ultrasonic transducer 14, the hyperacoustic time from the other side that the 3rd ultrasonic transducer 9 and the 4th ultrasonic transducer 14 utilize the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit to measure respectively to receive.
The wind speed that the present invention utilizes time difference method to calculate respectively on the first ultrasonic transducer 5 and the 6th ultrasonic transducer 15 relative rectilinear direction is V1, wind speed on second ultrasonic transducer 7 and the 5th ultrasonic transducer 12 relative rectilinear direction is V2, wind speed on 3rd ultrasonic transducer 9 and the 4th ultrasonic transducer 14 relative rectilinear direction is V3, then according to the erection orientation of wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature, determine V1, V2, V3 tri-direction projections in the horizontal direction and the angle of geographical co-ordinate system, suppose that angle is θ, then can calculate, can calculate, calculate horizontal direction parallel wind speed V
xwith vertical velocity V
yand the wind speed V of vertical direction
z:
Wherein
for the angle of ultrasonic transducer and central vertical shaft, in the present invention, be 60 °.
Known V
x, V
y, V
z, then can obtain mean wind speed V and horizontal wind angle φ:
The measurement of temperature: the propagation of the velocity of sound depends on the absolute temperature of air, when rough thinking does not rely on atmospheric pressure and is weak with the dependence of air humidity yet.The corresponding relation of velocity of sound c and temperature T can be expressed as:
Wherein c is the ultrasonic velocity calculated.
If ignore the correlativity between the velocity of sound and air humidity, then utilize reference air humidity be 0% dry air suppose:
T
v＝c
2/402.31466-273.15
C is wind speed, T
vfor ultrasonic measurement calculates the virtual temperature obtained.But virtual temperature compared with normal temperature is high, between them, there is the relation that is approximate:
T
r＝T
v-0.135K*m
3/g*a
Wherein T
ractual air temperature, T
vbe the virtual temperature measured by ultrasonic equipment, a is the quality of hydrone in every cubic metres of air, and unit is g.For the air themperature of 20 DEG C, when relative humidity is 100%, about virtual temperature can high 2K, therefore, the present invention avoids measuring tempeature to obtain larger error, and then compensates the virtual temperature calculated according to the situation of change of surveyed area chemical composition over the years, obtains temperature value.
Described host computer 22 mainly completes wind speed and direction temperature acquisition and wind speed temperature analysis 2 functions.Wind speed and direction temperature acquisition is for carrying out real-time display and the storage of the wind speed, wind direction and the temperature that gather.Wind speed, wind direction, temperature value can be preserved in real time while carrying out data acquisition, during preservation, preserve into textual form according to time sequencing.Three-dimensional wind direction is shown in real time by three-dimensional coordinate mode, and three-dimensional velocity, mean wind speed, temperature and ultrasonic velocity are shown by icon and numeral two kinds of modes.Wind speed temperature analysis function carries out Dynamic Announce and analysis mainly for multiple stage wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature at the wind speed of co-altitude collection, temperature data.Analytic function can realize the wind speed of 20*20 different acquisition point and the analysis of temperature data and continuous Dynamic Announce.The size of display data utilizes color to represent, the setting of data area can adjust according to actual wind speed, temperature value.
Claims (2)
1. a wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature, is characterized in that, described detection system forms primarily of base (1), ultrasound transducer array, bracket assembly, circuit module and host computer; Described bracket assembly is fixed on base (1), described ultrasound transducer array is arranged on bracket assembly, ultrasonic transducer is connected with circuit module, the signal that ultrasonic transducer sends and receives sends into host computer (22) after circuit module process, host computer (22) realizes the function of wind speed and direction temperature acquisition and wind speed temperature analysis, and carries out data processing and storage;
Described ultrasound transducer array comprises 6 ultrasonic transducers, 6 ultrasonic transducers are divided into three groups, 120 ° of angles are become to arrange between three groups: two ultrasonic transducers in each group ultrasonic transducer are positioned opposite, alternate emission ultrasonic signal, and the ultrasonic signal that the ultrasonic transducer receiving subtend layout with it sends; The angle of ultrasonic transducer and central vertical shaft is 60 °;
Described bracket assembly is made up of stainless steel cylinder (2), bracing frame (3) and 6 gage beams; The bottom of stainless steel cylinder (2) is fixed on base (1), and the top of stainless steel cylinder (2) connects bracing frame (3), and the central shaft of stainless steel cylinder (2) is vertical with base (1); Circuit module is placed in stainless steel cylinder (2); Bracing frame (3) is C shape structure; 6 described gage beams are divided into two groups, one group of upper end being fixed on bracing frame (3), and another group is fixed on the lower end of bracing frame (3); Gage beam camber bends, and the other end of gage beam connects ultrasonic transducer; Described bracing frame (3) and gage beam inside are cavity, and the wire be connected between ultrasonic transducer with circuit module is through this cavity;
In 6 described gage beams, first gage beam (4), the second gage beam (6) and the 3rd gage beam (8) are one group, be fixed on the lower end of bracing frame (3): the 4th gage beam (11), the 5th gage beam (13) and the 6th gage beam (14) are another group, are fixed on the upper end of bracing frame (3);
Described circuit module comprises CPU (central processing unit) (20), ultrasonic drive circuit (17), ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit (18), signal condition unit (19), serial port driving unit (21) and power supply unit (23); Circuit module is placed in stainless steel cylinder (2), and circuit module is connected with ultrasonic transducer by wire; The control end of CPU (central processing unit) (20) connects the control end of ultrasonic drive circuit (17) and the counting unit of ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit (18); Power supply unit (23) connects the power input of CPU (central processing unit) (20), ultrasonic drive circuit (17), ultrasonic transmission/reception treatment circuit (18), signal condition unit (19) and serial port driving unit (21), for each unit of circuit module is powered.
2. application rights requires the method for the detection system measuring tempeature described in 1, it is characterized in that, described method is the corresponding relation utilized between the velocity of sound and virtual temperature, according to the velocity of sound calculated, calculate virtual temperature further, by the method for searching, the virtual temperature calculated is compensated when known measured zone chemical composition over the years, obtain temperature value;
Described measuring tempeature method utilizes time difference method to calculate wind speed V1 on the first ultrasonic transducer (5) and the 6th ultrasonic transducer (15) relative rectilinear direction respectively, wind speed V2 on second ultrasonic transducer (7) and the 5th ultrasonic transducer (12) relative rectilinear direction, the wind speed V3 on the 3rd ultrasonic transducer (9) and the 4th ultrasonic transducer (10) relative rectilinear direction; Then according to the erection orientation of described wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature, determine wind speed V1, wind speed V2 and wind speed V3 tri-direction projections in the horizontal direction and the angle of geographical co-ordinate system, suppose that angle is θ, then calculate horizontal direction parallel wind speed V
xwith vertical velocity V
yand the wind speed V of vertical direction
z:
Wherein
for the angle of ultrasonic transducer and central vertical shaft, this angle is 60 °;
Known V
x, V
y, V
z, then can obtain mean wind speed V and horizontal wind angle φ:
Utilize reference air humidity be 0% dry air suppose:
T
v＝c
2/402.31466-273.15
Wherein, c is the velocity of sound calculated, T
vfor ultrasonic measurement calculates the virtual temperature obtained; Approximate pass between virtual temperature and normal temperature is:
T
r＝T
v-0.135K*m
3/g*a
Wherein T
ractual air temperature, T
vbe the virtual temperature measured by ultrasonic equipment, a is the quality of hydrone in every cubic metres of air; And then according to the situation of change of surveyed area chemical composition over the years, the virtual temperature calculated is compensated, obtain temperature value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310081265.4A CN103163324B (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2013-03-14 | A kind of wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature and measuring method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310081265.4A CN103163324B (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2013-03-14 | A kind of wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature and measuring method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103163324A CN103163324A (en) | 2013-06-19 |
| CN103163324B true CN103163324B (en) | 2015-10-28 |
Family
ID=48586581
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310081265.4A Active CN103163324B (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2013-03-14 | A kind of wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature and measuring method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103163324B (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103472252A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2013-12-25 | 国家电网公司 | Ultrasonic wind speed measurement device based on bus communication mode |
| CN103884863A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-06-25 | 国家电网公司 | Monitoring device and monitoring method for monitoring wind power plant supersonic wave wind speed based on FPGA |
| CN103871228A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-06-18 | 国家电网公司 | RS232 data transmission circuit for monitoring ultrasonic wind speed in wind power plant |
| CN103884864A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-06-25 | 国家电网公司 | Wind power plant ultrasonic wind speed monitoring method based on single chip microcomputer |
| CN103884865A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-06-25 | 国家电网公司 | Error analysis method for wind power plant ultrasonic wave wind speed monitoring system |
| CN103941037A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-23 | 国家电网公司 | Wind power plant ultrasonic wave wind resource monitoring method |
| CN103995146B (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2016-03-30 | 北京爱信德科技有限公司 | Ultrasound wind apparatus and method |
| CN104180852A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-12-03 | 上海电力学院 | Transmission line icing online monitoring system |
| KR101822647B1 (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2018-01-26 | 한국항공우주연구원 | Rotating 3 dimensional sonic anemometer, and method of measuring 3 dimensional direction and velocity of wind using the same |
| CN109116363B (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2022-09-02 | 电子科技大学 | Three-dimensional non-orthogonal ultrasonic array wind measuring device with adjustable transducer group distance |
| CN109813930B (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2020-12-22 | 吉林大学 | Wind speed and direction measuring method based on reflective ultrasonic sensor array |
| CN110346600B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-04-06 | 南京信息工程大学 | Ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measuring method |
| CN112305259B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2023-03-14 | 西安工程大学 | Space wind speed and wind direction monitoring method based on ultrasonic transducer |
| CN114152772B (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-11-04 | 苏州金象华升科技有限公司 | High-precision ultrasonic wind speed and direction measuring system with abnormal state self-diagnosis function |
| CN115600639B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-11-14 | 国网四川省电力公司眉山供电公司 | Wind speed sensor, wind speed prediction method of power transmission line and early warning system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5783745A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-07-21 | Bergman; John D. | Anemometer/thermometer |
| CN102175887A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-09-07 | 南京信息工程大学 | Mobile ultrasonic anemoclinograph and method for measuring wind speed and direction |
| CN203376343U (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-01-01 | 甘肃省电力公司 | Wind farm three-dimensional ultrasonic wind-speed temperature detection system |
-
2013
- 2013-03-14 CN CN201310081265.4A patent/CN103163324B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5783745A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-07-21 | Bergman; John D. | Anemometer/thermometer |
| CN102175887A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-09-07 | 南京信息工程大学 | Mobile ultrasonic anemoclinograph and method for measuring wind speed and direction |
| CN203376343U (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-01-01 | 甘肃省电力公司 | Wind farm three-dimensional ultrasonic wind-speed temperature detection system |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 3-Axis Ultrasonic Anemometer;GILL INSTRUMENTS;《GILL INSTRUMENTS》;20101231;Key Features部分，图 * |
| CSAT3 Three Dimensional Sonic Anemometer;INSTRUCTION MANUAL;《INSTRUCTION MANUAL》;20121231;全文 * |
| Ultrasonic Anemometer 2D;Thies CLIMA;《Thies CLIMA》;20061031;2.2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103163324A (en) | 2013-06-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103163324B (en) | A kind of wind energy turbine set three-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed system for detecting temperature and measuring method thereof | |
| CN103969560B (en) | A kind of visualization ultrasonic wave detecting system for fault detection of local discharge | |
| CN103728463B (en) | Ultrasonic wind meter and measuring method | |
| CN206193270U (en) | Wireless aerovane of one -dimensional ultrasonic wave | |
| CN102589504B (en) | Online measuring device for diameter of tree in growth | |
| CN109506727B (en) | Ultrasonic flow measurement method and low-power consumption ultrasonic flowmeter | |
| CN103969561B (en) | Visual ultrasonic detection method for partial discharge failure detection | |
| CN203241431U (en) | Ship-based ultrasonic wind meter | |
| CN103197096A (en) | Wind power plant ultrasonic wind speed detection method and device | |
| CN105092430A (en) | Particle granularity measuring apparatus based on divergent ultrasonic attenuation and method thereof | |
| CN206695827U (en) | Electric power line pole tower condition monitoring system | |
| CN102269769A (en) | Ultrasonic three-dimensional wind measuring method and three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer | |
| CN202339352U (en) | High-accuracy solid-state wind speed and direction measuring device | |
| CN102841343A (en) | Echo sounding apparatus calibration system based on industrial computer and calibration method | |
| JP2018084537A (en) | Wind measuring device | |
| CN102288779B (en) | High-accuracy anti-interference ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measuring method | |
| CN203376343U (en) | Wind farm three-dimensional ultrasonic wind-speed temperature detection system | |
| CN106324278A (en) | Wind speed measuring method based on acoustic parametric array | |
| CN103364074A (en) | Infrasound monitoring system | |
| CN108445811A (en) | A kind of high speed test turntable data acquisition instrument system | |
| del Valle et al. | Low cost ultrasonic anemometer | |
| CN203824956U (en) | Tube pin type soil moisture content detection device based on frequency domain reflection method | |
| CN205426948U (en) | Ultrasonic wave wind meter based on zigbee wireless network | |
| CN202886401U (en) | Ultrasonic wind velocity and temperature meter | |
| CN201083518Y (en) | Waveform height measuring systems |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |