CN103158737A - Measuring apparatus and measuring method of train wheel wear - Google Patents

Measuring apparatus and measuring method of train wheel wear Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103158737A
CN103158737A CN2012105555695A CN201210555569A CN103158737A CN 103158737 A CN103158737 A CN 103158737A CN 2012105555695 A CN2012105555695 A CN 2012105555695A CN 201210555569 A CN201210555569 A CN 201210555569A CN 103158737 A CN103158737 A CN 103158737A
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train
train wheel
wheel
abrasiveness
revolution
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CN2012105555695A
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CN103158737B (en
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李佑昔
赵镛纪
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LS Electric Co Ltd
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LS Industrial Systems Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/007Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
    • G01M17/013Wheels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/08Railway vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61KAUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/12Measuring or surveying wheel-rims
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/32Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/08Railway vehicles
    • G01M17/10Suspensions, axles or wheels

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a measuring apparatus and method of train wheel wear, the apparatus including a speed measuring unit measuring speed of a train, a position measuring unit measuring a position of the train, and a calculation unit calculating abrasiveness of a train wheel on a train based on the measured speed and position of the train, whereby status of the train wheel can be accurately learned to minimize the number of devices that may be additionally installed, and to quickly measure abrasiveness of the train wheel as well.

Description

Train wheel wear measurement device and method of measurement
Technical field
The disclosure relates to a kind of train wheel wear measurement device and method of measurement, and relate in particular to a kind of revolution counter and responser of using and measure the measurement mechanism of train wheel wearing and tearing, and the method for measurement of using this measurement mechanism.
Background technology
Disclosed information only is used for strengthening should not being regarded as admitting or any type of hint for the understanding of general background technology of the present disclosure in the background technology of this invention part: this information structure be known prior art for a person skilled in the art.
Due to the continuous wearing and tearing in train travelling process, train wheel needs periodic the replacing.Therefore, need a kind of equipment or the method that can measure the periodicity wearing and tearing of train.
In order to measure based on the Train Control of CBTC(based on communication) railway signal system in train wheel wearing and tearing, use routinely such as the equipment of photographic camera and optical sensor and measure the train wheel wearing and tearing.
Fig. 1 is the block scheme that illustrates the configuration of train wheel wear measurement device.With reference to figure 1, measurement mechanism 10 comprises photographic camera 20-1,20-2, A and D converter (ADC) 30-1,30-2, CPU(central processing unit) 40, memory device 50, display interface 60, display unit 70, input/output interface 80 and optical sensor 90.
Photographic camera 20-1,20-2 are used for taking the train wheel of process on rail.The middle position of light-receiving camera lens of photographic camera 20-1,20-2 of taking the distal end portion of flange aligns to allow towards distal end portion with reference between groove with the height of distal end portion, wherein the zone that contacts with rail of camera train wheel.The size of the image of the size of each parts of expection by the reference groove and actual photographed is compared to calculate the size of wheel.Simultaneously, be provided with optical sensor 90 and reduce error.
The image transitions that to be taken by photographic camera 20-1,20-2 by ADC 30-1,30-2 is digital signal.CPU 40 receive these digital signals with signal storage in memory device 50 or transmit signals to display interface 60.Display interface 60 shows that the signal that receives is to allow the user to know intuitively the abrasiveness of wheel.Simultaneously, this device can comprise and makes it possible to the input/output interface 80 inputted from external device 95.
Although conventional equipment has the advantage of using photographic camera to carry out split-hair wheel wear measurement, the device of routine adversely has need to be such as the defective of the extras of photographic camera 20-1,20-2 and optical sensor 90.And, photographic camera 20-1,20-2 and optical sensor 90 are set too expensive on all trains, and its durability neither be fine.
Another defective is: the formation due to for the reference groove on the train wheel that accurate installation R point is provided to train wheel may change mechanical specialities.Another defective is: the size of measuring train wheel during train operation is difficult, and only just may use like this during maintenance/maintenance process of measuring the train wheel situation.
Therefore, need to address the aforementioned drawbacks.
Summary of the invention
This part provides for general general introduction of the present disclosure, and does not disclose as the comprehensive of its four corner or its all technical characterictics.
Exemplary scheme of the present invention will solve above-mentioned at least problem and/or defective basically, and following at least advantage is provided.Correspondingly, a scheme of the present invention provides a kind of train wheel wear measurement device and method of measurement, and it is configured to only accurately know with response receiver and revolution counter the situation of train wheel.
Yet, should be emphasized that, described as explained above, the disclosure is not limited to specific open.Should understand, the other technologies theme of not mentioning here can be understood by those skilled in the art.
In an overall plan of the present invention, a kind of train wheel wear measurement device has been proposed, described device comprises: the velocity measurement unit, it measures the speed of train; Location measurement unit, it measures the position of described train; And calculating unit, the abrasiveness that it calculates the train wheel on train based on speed and the position of the described train that measures.
In some exemplary embodiments, this device may further include: memory device, it stores the abrasiveness of the train wheel that is calculated by described calculating unit.
In some exemplary embodiments, this device may further include: display unit, it shows the abrasiveness of the described train wheel that is calculated by described calculating unit to the user.
In some exemplary embodiments, described calculating unit can be by calculating the abrasiveness of train wheel based on the size of the speed of the train that measures and position measurement train wheel.
In some exemplary embodiments, described calculating unit can use following equation to calculate the size of train wheel: r=l/2 π n Axis, wherein r is the size of train wheel, l is miles of relative movement, and n AxisRevolution for train wheel.
In some exemplary embodiments, described velocity measurement unit can comprise revolution counter, and described revolution counter can be measured the revolution of train wheel.
In some exemplary embodiments, location measurement unit can comprise response receiver, and described response receiver receives the position signal from responser.
In some exemplary embodiments, described response receiver can receive signal from described responser with radio communication.
In another overall plan of the present invention, a kind of train wheel wear measuring method is provided, described method comprises: use revolution counter to measure the revolution of train wheel and the speed of train; By receiving the position of measuring train from the position signal of responser; And the size of the speed of the revolution of the train wheel that measures by use and train and position calculation train wheel is measured the abrasiveness of train wheel.
In some exemplary embodiments, the method further comprises: the abrasiveness of the train wheel that storage measures; And the abrasiveness of the train wheel that arrives to user's display measurement.
Have following useful effect according to train wheel wear measurement device of the present disclosure and method of measurement: can accurately know the situation of train wheel so that the quantity of the equipment that may additionally install minimizes, and abrasiveness that can the Quick Measurement train wheel.
By disclose the specification sheets of the detailed description of exemplary embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, for those of ordinary skills, other exemplary arrangement of the present disclosure, advantage and notable feature will become more apparent.
Above and other feature of the present invention will be discussed hereinafter.
Description of drawings
Describe above and other feature of the present disclosure in detail with reference to more graphic exemplary embodiments in the accompanying drawings, these accompanying drawings are only to provide hereinafter by explaination, and therefore do not limit the invention, and wherein:
Fig. 1 is the block scheme that illustrates according to the configuration of the train wheel wear measurement device of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the block scheme that illustrates according to the configuration of the train wheel wear measurement device of exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that illustrates according to the operation of the train wheel wear measurement device of exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 4 is that detail map is illustrated according to detecting the schematic diagram of the process of train wheel size in the train wheel wear measurement device of exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; And
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that illustrates according to the train wheel wear measuring method of exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Other advantages of the present invention, purpose and feature will partly be illustrated in specification sheets, by investigating following explanation, part in these advantages, purpose and feature will be apparent to those skilled in the art, perhaps can obtain from practice of the present disclosure.Target of the present disclosure and other advantages can realize and obtain by the structure that particularly points out in written specification sheets and claims and accompanying drawing.
Should be understood that, aforementioned general explanation of the present disclosure and detailed description hereinafter are all exemplary and illustrative, and these explanations aim to provide the of the present disclosure further explanation of declaring.
The specific embodiment
Hereinafter, describe exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure in detail with reference to accompanying drawing.
When describing the disclosure, for fear of because the unnecessary detailed description to known 26S Proteasome Structure and Function makes those skilled in the art, the present invention being produced fuzzy understanding, the detailed description of structure known in the art and process will be omitted.Correspondingly, the particular term of using in specification sheets and claims or the implication of word should not be defined as literal or normally used implication, and should make an explanation according to user or operator's intention and usual usage, perhaps can be according to the explanation of user or operator's intention and usual usage and difference.Therefore, the definition of specific term or word will be based on the content of whole specification sheets in the text.
In order to facilitate content open, suffix " module ", " unit " and " parts " can be used for representing element.Important implication or role give suffix itself, should know that " module ", " unit " can use or trans-substitution mutually together with " parts ".That is to say, the term of describing in specification sheets " device ", " instrument ", " parts " and " module " mean the device unit for the treatment of at least a function and operation, and can implement by nextport hardware component NextPort or component software and combination both.
When using herein, " exemplary " only represents an example, rather than best illustration.Be also to be understood that feature described herein, layer and/or element are used the specific size relevant to and/or towards explaining just for simplifying and hold intelligible purpose, and actual size and/or orientation and description can be fully different.That is, for clear, in the accompanying drawings, size and the relative size of layer, scope and/or other elements can be exaggerated or dwindle.In full, identical Reference numeral represents identical element, and identical explanation will be omitted.
Term used herein only is used for describing the purpose of specific embodiment, but not is intended to limit present general inventive concept.Unless context explicitly points out, singulative used herein " ", " one " and " described " are intended to also comprise plural form.
unless special version additionally, otherwise it is evident that from following discussion, should know, use in entire description such as " processing ", " computing ", " calculating ", " determine " etc. that similarly term refers to computing machine or computing system or similarly action and/or the program of electronic computing device, these equipment operatings and/or the data that will be described as physics (such as electronics) amount in the register of computing system and/or memory device are converted to the memory device at computing system, register or other this information storages, be described as other data of physical quantity in the equipment of transmission or demonstration.
Should be understood that, when mentioning an element " connection " or " connection " to another element, it can directly connect or directly be connected to another element or also can have intermediary element.On the contrary, when mentioning that an element " directly connects " or when arriving another element, there is not intermediary element in " directly connecting ".
Fig. 2 is the block scheme that illustrates according to the configuration of the train wheel wear measurement device 100 of exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
With reference to figure 2, comprise velocity measurement unit 110, location measurement unit 120, calculating unit 130, display unit 140 and memory device 150 according to the train wheel wear measurement device 100 of exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Velocity measurement unit 110 is used for measuring the speed of the train that travels.This velocity measurement unit 110 can be made of revolution counter.Described revolution counter, namely revolution-meter, be the apparatus of measuring rotative speed, its unit is number of revolution per minute, and is shown as rpm.The velocity measurement of carrying out train by the use revolution counter is feasible, and also can be by realize the stored counts of revolution with revolution counter.
Location measurement unit 120 is used for measuring the position of the train that travels.In more detail, location measurement unit 120 measurements are about the information of the absolute operating range of the train that travels.
Location measurement unit 120 comprises response receiver, and it receives the position signal from responser, and wherein responser is a kind of information that can provide about absolute train position, and is arranged on the equipment (facility) of the railway side of train.Response receiver uses radio communication from the signal of responser reception about absolute location information, so location measurement unit 120 can be measured position and the operating range of train.
Revolution and the current location of train or the size that operating range calculates train wheel of the speed that calculating unit 130 measures based on velocity measurement unit 110, the wheel that location measurement unit 120 measures.The size of wheel can be calculated according to diameter or the radius of wheel.
Simultaneously, with initial wheel diameters comparison, the size when front vehicle wheel that calculates may reduce in real time due to wearing and tearing, therefore can obtain the abrasiveness (wear intensity) of wheel.In further detail, calculating unit 130 can calculate wheel diameters with following equation 1.
[equation 1]
r = l 2 πn axis
Wherein, r is the size of train wheel, and l is mobile distance, n AxisRevolution for train wheel.
Display unit 140 is shown to the user for size or the abrasiveness of the wheel that calculating unit 130 is calculated.Display unit 140 can be by the LCD(liquid crystal diode) or the LED(light-emitting diode) implement.
In addition, except using numeral or text to show simply size or the abrasiveness of wheel to the user, by showing that to the user reference abrasiveness in situation (wherein will be stored in memory device (after a while describe) and the abrasiveness of the current wheel that measures compare), display unit 140 makes user's treatment situation rapidly, if and the current wheel wear degree that measures is notified the abrasiveness of the current wheel that measures to the user less than the fact of reference abrasiveness less than the reference abrasiveness.
Wheel diameters or abrasiveness that memory device 150 is calculated by calculating unit 130 as storage.More specifically, memory device 150 can be according to time, date and time storage cart size of wheel or abrasiveness.And, but memory device 150 stored reference abrasivenesss, if wheel diameters or the current wheel wear degree that measures be less than reference dimension or with reference to abrasiveness, be used for warning wheel diameters that the user calculates or wheel wear degree less than reference dimension or with reference to the fact of abrasiveness with reference to abrasiveness.
By configuration described herein, the user can be known the accurate situation of train wheel, thereby makes the quantity of the equipment that must install minimum, and measures rapidly the abrasiveness of wheel.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that illustrates according to the operation of the train wheel wear measurement device of exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
The upper figure that is shown as in Fig. 3 1. represents that train begins along rail running, and the figure below that is shown as in Fig. 3 2. is shown as train after rail running, is positioned at the position at back to back next responser place.Responser in Fig. 3 is installed every 500m, and installation interval is constant.
Measure abrasiveness according to the size that the train wheel wear measurement device 100 of exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is calculated wheel by the method that will be described below.
Although for the situation based on the calculating cumulative distance of the wheel diameters that measures, if cumulative distance is identical with the responser distance, as if the size of wheel can be not change understandably, but for the situation of cumulative distance less than the responser distance, this means that wheel has worn and torn, and the wheel diameters that is used for the measurement of cumulative distance has diminished.And, if greater than the responser distance, this means for the wheel diameters of measuring, cumulative distance changes.Information about the numerical calculation of the wheel that uses said method can be known by Control Room, is convenient to like this maintenance and maintenance train wheel.
Fig. 4 is that detail map is illustrated in the schematic diagram according to the process of the size that detects train wheel in the train wheel wear measurement device of exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
With reference to figure 4(a), be used for locating to measure in train starting point { the train starting point is for when train arrives first responser 210 } the device 100 operating speed measuring units 110 that train wheel weares and teares and measure train speed.Simultaneously, the location measurement unit 120 at the first responser 201 places receives the absolute train position by launching with described the first responser 201 radio communications.Location measurement unit 120 comprises response receiver, and response receiver receives from the signal of responser emission.The information that Negotiation speed measuring unit 110 and location measurement unit 120 measure is launched into calculating unit 130.
Train in Fig. 4 (b) moves to identical direction through the first responser 201, and arrives in the situation of the second responser 202, the position signal that location measurement unit 120 receives from the second responser 202.Fig. 4 (c) illustrates train and has arrived the second responser 202.Velocity measurement unit 110 and location measurement unit 120 continuous gauging velocity information and location informations, and information transmitting is arrived calculating unit 130.The calculating unit 130 above-mentioned equatioies 1 of use calculate wheel diameters in order to measure abrasiveness or the wear intensity of wheel.
More specifically, when velocity measurement unit 110 runs into the first responser 201, step-by-step counting during velocity measurement unit 110 in Fig. 4 (a) will be stored in revolution counter is initialized as zero (0), and increases tacho pulses before running into the second responser 202.
In the situation that train moves, the tacho pulses counting increases the distance that moves through revolution counter with accumulative total.In the situation that the train speed as shown in Fig. 4 a is 200 meters of per minutes, for new wheel vehicle wheel rotation 74 times (turn or enclose), and the wheel that arrives operating limit may rotate 82 circles.At this moment, wheel diameters can be 860mm for new wheel, and for the wheel of operating limit, it is of a size of 774mm.
In the situation that train keeps mobile and arrives the second responser 202, device 100 can with the distance that moves through revolution counter with compare to calculate the wheel diameters of input by the first and second responsers 201,202 accurate distances of knowing (being 500m).Wheel diameters can obtain with equation 1.Simultaneously, n AxisCan obtain by the pulse that revolution counter is exported the every circle on pulse/revolution counter.Especially, because this device of operation is important in the section that does not produce slippage, so preferably and section that be not loaded with passenger little in degree of dip uses this device.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that illustrates according to the train wheel wear measuring method of disclosure exemplary embodiment.
At first, measure revolution and the speed (S200) of train with revolution counter, its Negotiation speed measuring unit 110 is carried out.In addition, to measure the position (S220) of train, wherein can calculate the miles of relative movement of train with the position of train from responser receiving position signal (S210), it is carried out by location measurement unit 120.
In case calculate revolution, speed and the miles of relative movement of train, calculate the size (S230) of wheel with equation 1.Afterwards, measure abrasiveness (wear intensity) (S240) with the size of wheel.At this moment, about the measurement of abrasiveness, original wheel diameters is given as 100%, and abrasiveness can by wheel diameters successively decrease define.
Although do not have shown in Figure 5ly, the method may further include the wheel wear degree that measures of storage and the wheel wear degree that arrives to user's display measurement.
According to the train wheel wear measuring method of exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure advantageously make it possible to be not subjected to base segment that the maintainer disturbs be in wheel destroy before by train the M R data automatically perform to carry out Wheel maintenance.And, compare by the wheel diameters that will measure at the starting point place and the wheel diameters that measures when arriving, can the information that produce during train operation be added up, these information are used for the basic data of checking in the time of also can occuring as fault.
Yet above-mentioned train wheel wear measurement device and method of measurement according to exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure can various multi-form enforcements, and should not be interpreted as the embodiments set forth herein.Therefore, embodiment of the present disclosure wants to cover improvement of the present invention and modified example, as long as these improve and modified example drops in the scope of subsidiary claims and equivalent thereof.
Although disclose specific feature or scheme for a plurality of embodiment, if necessary, such feature or scheme selectively make up with the scheme of one or more other features and/or other embodiment.
The disclosure has following industrial applicibility: can be so that the increase of new installation is minimum in based on the train system of CBTC, different with the system of routine, it need not to change photographic camera or wheel, thereby can save money aspect and time-related burden that the increase due to new installation causes.

Claims (10)

1. train wheel wear measurement device that is used for the abrasiveness of measure setup wheel ON TRAINS, described device comprises:
The velocity measurement unit, it measures the speed of described train;
Location measurement unit, it measures the position of described train; With
Calculating unit, the abrasiveness that it calculates the train wheel on train based on speed and the position of the described train that measures.
2. install as claimed in claim 1, further comprise:
Memory device, it stores the abrasiveness of the described train wheel that is calculated by described calculating unit.
3. install as claimed in claim 1, further comprise:
Display unit, it shows the abrasiveness of the described train wheel that is calculated by described calculating unit to the user.
4. install as claimed in claim 1, wherein, by the size of measuring described train wheel based on speed and the position of the described train that measures, described calculating unit calculates the abrasiveness of described train wheel.
5. install as claimed in claim 4, wherein, described calculating unit calculates the size of described train wheel with following equation:
Figure FDA00002616259600011
Wherein r is the size of train wheel, and l is mobile distance, and na xisRevolution for described train wheel.
6. device as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described velocity measurement unit comprises revolution counter, and described revolution counter is measured the revolution of described train wheel.
7. install as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described location measurement unit comprises response receiver, and described response receiver receives the position signal from responser.
8. device as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described response receiver receives position signal from described responser with radio communication.
9. train wheel wear measuring method that is used for the abrasiveness of measure setup wheel ON TRAINS, described method comprises:
Measure the speed of revolution and the described train of train wheel with revolution counter;
By receiving the position of measuring described train from the position signal of responser; And
The size of the revolution of the train wheel that measures by use and the speed of train and position calculation train wheel is measured the abrasiveness of described train wheel.
10. method as claimed in claim 9 further comprises:
The abrasiveness of the described train wheel that storage measures; And
The abrasiveness of the described train wheel that arrives to user's display measurement.
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