CN103152685B - Based on the fiber microphone of FP principle of interference - Google Patents
Based on the fiber microphone of FP principle of interference Download PDFInfo
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- CN103152685B CN103152685B CN201310077523.1A CN201310077523A CN103152685B CN 103152685 B CN103152685 B CN 103152685B CN 201310077523 A CN201310077523 A CN 201310077523A CN 103152685 B CN103152685 B CN 103152685B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fiber microphone based on FP principle of interference, it is characterized in that comprising: based on FP principle of interference to respond to the microphone probe of acoustical vibration; Monochromatic laser can be launched; The monochromatic light that laser is launched enters one-way light guide unit through optical fiber from the port I of one-way light guide unit, enter in microphone probe from the port II injection of one-way light guide unit and carry out acoustical vibration induction, FP interference light enters one-way light guide unit from the port II of one-way light guide unit, then enters PIN photodiode from the port III of one-way light guide unit injection and carry out light signal and be converted to Electric signal processing.This fiber microphone have highly sensitive, anti-electromagnetic interference capability strong, be easy to multiplexing formation array etc. feature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber sensing, particularly relate to a kind of fiber microphone based on FP principle of interference.
Background technology
Microphone is a kind of for receiving voice signal, and is finally converted to the device of the signal of telecommunication.Current extensive use have condenser microphone, the electric capacity pickup voice signal that this microphone is made up of conductive diaphragm and metal back electrode, its principle is: acoustical vibration causes conductive diaphragm to vibrate, electric capacity two anode-cathode distance is caused to change, holding capacitor two electrode potential is constant, then sound causes capacitance stores electricity to change, thus acoustical signal is converted to the signal of telecommunication.Because this capacitance is very little, its impedance is very large, and therefore this microphone must join a pre-amplification circuit, as impedance transformation, to ensure that microphone can be connected with other circuit.Although condenser microphone has fabulous frequency response characteristic and higher sensitivity, from its operation principle, this microphone is easily subject to electromagnetic signal interference, is therefore not suitable for working under the electromagnetic environment of complexity.
For the problem of voice signal pickup under solution complex electromagnetic environment, propose the fiber microphone based on optical fiber sensing technology.The general principle of fiber microphone is voice signal first modulated light signal, and the light signal being loaded with voice signal, through opto-electronic conversion, finally becomes the signal of telecommunication, completes the pickup of voice signal.Because acoustical signal dim signal process is not by electromagnetic interference, therefore fiber microphone has extremely strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability, normally can work in the electromagnetic environment of complexity.
At present more ripe fiber microphone product mainly intensity formula, as Israel 0ptoacoustics Products, describes a kind of optical fiber microphone in utility model patent CN2834067Y for another example.Although the structure of these fiber microphones is different, be all adopt wide range LED light source, based on reflected intensity formula principle.This causes these microphones large by external interference, the problems such as multiplexing difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the proposition of above problem, and develop a kind of fiber microphone based on FP principle of interference.The technological means that the present invention adopts is as follows:
Based on a fiber microphone for FP principle of interference, it is characterized in that comprising: based on FP principle of interference to respond to the microphone probe of acoustical vibration; Monochromatic laser can be launched; To pop one's head in the one-way light guide unit be connected with laser with microphone respectively; The monochromatic light that described laser is launched enters one-way light guide unit through optical fiber from the port I of one-way light guide unit, enters in microphone probe carry out acoustical vibration induction from the port II injection of one-way light guide unit; FP interference light enters one-way light guide unit from the port II of one-way light guide unit, then enters PIN photodiode from the port III of one-way light guide unit injection and carry out light signal and be converted to Electric signal processing.
Described microphone probe comprises: for responding to the vibrating diaphragm of acoustical vibration, shell and inner core; Described vibrating diaphragm is arranged on the front end of shell, and is provided with the front shroud protected vibrating diaphragm in the front end of vibrating diaphragm; Described inner core is arranged in the container cavity of shell, and the inner core fiber end face of interior core fibre front end on inner core and vibrating diaphragm are formed with FP interference cavity.Described microphone probe also comprises the interior degree of depth for regulating inner core to probe into of the container cavity being arranged on shell, with the pad of the distance of the inner core fiber end face and vibrating diaphragm that regulate interior core fibre front end; And the thickness of described pad is 1-1000 micron.The reflective surface of described vibrating diaphragm is provided with gold nano reflector layer, and the thickness of gold nano reflector layer is 10-500 nanometer.Described vibrating diaphragm is the micro-vibrating diaphragm of titanium foil, stainless steel foil, nickel foil or silicon; The thickness of vibrating diaphragm is 1-10 micron.Described inner core end is provided with spring shim and lock ring successively, is fixedly connected, is fixed in the container cavity of shell by inner core by lock ring and shell.
Described one-way light guide unit is circulator, or the individual event light element be made up of isolator and coupler.The output of described PIN photodiode is also connected with pre-amplification circuit.Described laser is LD laser.Described optical fiber is monomode fiber.
Compared with the existing technology, its advantage is apparent in the present invention: have the advantages that highly sensitive, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, be easy to multiplexing formation array, can be applicable to the fields such as speech communication, sound-detection and noise testing.In addition, because the structure of this microphone is simple, be convenient to produce, and be with low costly suitable for extensive popularization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the fiber microphone structural representation that the present invention is based on FP principle of interference;
Fig. 2 is optical-fiber microphone probe structural representation;
Fig. 3 is fiber microphone operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
The fiber microphone based on FP principle of interference as shown in Figure 1 comprises: based on FP principle of interference to respond to the microphone probe 1 of acoustical vibration; Monochromatic laser 2 can be launched; Respectively with the one-way light guide unit 3 that microphone probe 1 is connected with laser 2; The monochromatic light that described laser 2 is launched enters one-way light guide unit 3 through optical fiber from the port I of one-way light guide unit 3, enter in microphone probe 1 from the port II injection of one-way light guide unit 3 and carry out acoustical vibration induction, FP interference light enters one-way light guide unit 3 from the port II of one-way light guide unit 3, enter PIN photodiode 4 from the port III of one-way light guide unit 3 injection again and carry out light signal and be converted to Electric signal processing (described one-way light guide unit is circulator, or the individual event light element be made up of isolator and coupler).
Microphone probe 1 comprises as shown in Figure 2: for responding to the vibrating diaphragm 102 of acoustical vibration, shell 103 and inner core 105; Described vibrating diaphragm 102 is arranged on the front end of shell 103, and is provided with the front shroud 101 protected vibrating diaphragm 103 in the front end of vibrating diaphragm 103; Described inner core 105 is arranged in the container cavity of shell 103, and the inner core fiber end face 109 of interior core fibre 108 front end on inner core 105 is formed with FP interference cavity with vibrating diaphragm 102.Microphone probe 1 also comprises the interior degree of depth for regulating inner core 105 to probe into of the container cavity being arranged on shell 103, with the pad 104 of the inner core fiber end face 109 with the distance of vibrating diaphragm 102 that regulate interior core fibre 108 front end (usually put into the container cavity of shell 103 at inner core 105 before, pad 104 is put into the container cavity of shell 103, be stuck on container cavity inwall or be stuck in the projection in container cavity, insert inner core 105 again, by regulating the thickness putting into pad 104, reach the distance regulating inner core fiber end face 109 and vibrating diaphragm 102).Described inner core 105 end is provided with spring shim 106 and lock ring 107 successively, is fixedly connected, is fixed on by inner core 105 in the container cavity of shell 103 by lock ring 107 and shell 103, ensures the structural stability of microphone probe 1.The output of described PIN photodiode 4 is also connected with pre-amplification circuit.Microphone adopts LD laser as light source, interior core fibre 108 is monomode fibers, the course of work is as follows: the laser that LD laser is launched enters in interior core fibre 108, light is at inner core fiber end face 109 antireflection part light, from the light of inner core fiber end face 109 transmission after vibrating diaphragm 102 reflects, a part of reverberation reenters in interior core fibre 108.FP occurs for the light that inner core fiber end face 109 reflects and the vibrating diaphragm 102 reflection light reentered in interior core fibre 108 interferes, and interference light light signal is converted to the signal of telecommunication, namely realizes the pickup of voice signal.
Wherein vibrating diaphragm is formed by laser welding technology by titanium foil, stainless steel foil or nickel foil, or the micro-vibrating diaphragm of silicon made by MEMS technology.The thickness of vibrating diaphragm is 1-10 micron.The reflective surface of vibrating diaphragm is manufactured with gold nano reflector layer by magnetron sputtering technique, to improve the reflection to infrared light, thus improves the sensitivity of fiber microphone.The thickness of gold nano reflector layer is 10-500 nanometer.For ensureing the consistency of optical-fiber microphone probe performance, adopt simplified structure design and flexible design.In designs simplification, devise the inner core 105 of integrative-structure, in flexible, devise and adopt replaceable pad 104 to control the distance of inner core fiber end face 109 and vibrating diaphragm 102.Be that the pad 104 by different-thickness regulates sensitivity and the phase place of fiber microphone in assembling optical fiber microphone probe process, thus ensure the consistency of fibre-optical probe performance.The thickness of pad 104 is 1-1000 micron.
Being illustrated in figure 3 fiber microphone of the present invention is based on FP principle of interference: the monochromatic light that laser 2 (LD laser) is launched enters the FP chamber of inner core fiber end face 109 and vibrating diaphragm 102 formation from interior core fibre 108, and form interference light signal, if the intensity of vibrating diaphragm interference light when equilbrium position is Q point place in figure 3, when sound causes diaphragm oscillations, FP chamber length is caused to change, the FP change of cavity length that sound wave causes is very little, interference light intensity is changed back and forth near Q point, through opto-electronic conversion, the light intensity signal of change is become the signal of telecommunication, this signal of telecommunication is voice signal.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof and replace or change, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1., based on a fiber microphone for FP principle of interference, it is characterized in that comprising:
Based on FP principle of interference to respond to the microphone probe of acoustical vibration;
Monochromatic laser can be launched;
To pop one's head in the one-way light guide unit be connected with laser with microphone respectively;
The monochromatic light that described laser is launched enters one-way light guide unit through optical fiber from the port I of one-way light guide unit, enters in microphone probe carry out acoustical vibration induction from port II injection of one-way light guide unit; FP interference light enters one-way light guide unit from the port II of one-way light guide unit, then enters PIN photodiode from the injection of the port III of one-way light guide unit and carry out light signal and be converted to Electric signal processing;
Described microphone probe comprises: for responding to the vibrating diaphragm of acoustical vibration, shell and inner core;
Described vibrating diaphragm is arranged on the front end of shell, and is provided with the front shroud protected vibrating diaphragm in the front end of vibrating diaphragm;
Described inner core is arranged in the container cavity of shell, and the inner core fiber end face of interior core fibre front end on inner core and vibrating diaphragm are formed with FP interference cavity;
Described microphone probe also comprises the interior degree of depth for regulating inner core to probe into of the container cavity being arranged on shell, with the replaceable pad of the distance of the inner core fiber end face and vibrating diaphragm that regulate interior core fibre front end; And the thickness of described replaceable pad is 1-1000 micron.
2. the fiber microphone based on FP principle of interference according to claim 1, is characterized in that the reflective surface of described vibrating diaphragm is provided with gold nano reflector layer, and the thickness of gold nano reflector layer is 10-500 nanometer.
3. the fiber microphone based on FP principle of interference according to claim 2, is characterized in that described vibrating diaphragm is the micro-vibrating diaphragm of titanium foil, stainless steel foil, nickel foil or silicon; The thickness of vibrating diaphragm is 1-10 micron.
4. the fiber microphone based on FP principle of interference according to claim 1, be is characterized in that described inner core end is provided with spring shim and lock ring successively, is fixedly connected, is fixed in the container cavity of shell by inner core by lock ring and shell.
5. the fiber microphone based on FP principle of interference according to claim 1, is characterized in that described one-way light guide unit is circulator, or the individual event light element be made up of isolator and coupler.
6. the fiber microphone based on FP principle of interference according to claim 1, is characterized in that the output of described PIN photodiode is also connected with pre-amplification circuit.
7. the fiber microphone based on FP principle of interference according to claim 1, is characterized in that described laser is LD laser.
8. the fiber microphone based on FP principle of interference according to claim 1, is characterized in that described optical fiber is monomode fiber.
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| CN103994818B (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Optical fiber FP chamber sound wave sensing probe |
| CN106792298A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-31 | 北京快鱼电子股份公司 | A kind of fiber grating microphone and preparation method thereof |
| CN107911782B (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2020-04-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三研究所 | Optical fiber microphone probe and optical fiber microphone system |
| CN107907203A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-13 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of demodulation method of optical fiber F P cavate sonic sensors |
| CN108414074B (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2021-03-19 | 北京信息科技大学 | Multiplexing optical fiber method-amber cavity microphone device |
| CN108151876B (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2023-10-31 | 北京信息科技大学 | Optical fiber Fabry-Perot cavity microphone |
| CN111464927A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-28 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三研究所 | Optical fiber microphone and sensitive structure and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102080972A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-01 | 西门子公司 | External cavity-type optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor and system and method for vibration monitoring |
| CN102507074A (en) * | 2011-10-15 | 2012-06-20 | 浙江师范大学 | Novel plastic optical fiber hydraulic sensing method |
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| US20120321322A1 (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-12-20 | Honeywell International Inc. | Optical microphone |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102080972A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-01 | 西门子公司 | External cavity-type optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor and system and method for vibration monitoring |
| CN102507074A (en) * | 2011-10-15 | 2012-06-20 | 浙江师范大学 | Novel plastic optical fiber hydraulic sensing method |
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Effective date of registration: 20170605 Address after: 100015 No. 4, building 15, building 7, No. 417, Jiuxianqiao North Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District Patentee after: Beijing CLP Sound Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 100015 Jiuxianqiao North Road, Beijing, No. B, No., No. 7 Patentee before: No.3 Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation |
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