CN103149788A - Air 360-degree distant view photograph shooting device and method - Google Patents
Air 360-degree distant view photograph shooting device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a technology for panoramic photography, further relates to an air 360-degree distant view photograph shooting device and an air 360-degree distant view photograph shooting method. The invention provides the device which can be fixed on an aircraft and can be simultaneously provided with a plurality of cameras, so that all 360-degree distant view photographs of some position in the air can be simultaneously obtained at the same time. The air 360-degree distant view photograph shooting device comprises N bottom camera fixing planes, M lateral camera fixing planes, digital cameras and a wireless shutter remote control, wherein the N bottom camera fixing planes are located at the lower part of the air 360-degree distant view photograph shooting device, and the M lateral camera fixing planes are evenly distributed at the sides of the air 360-degree distant view photograph shooting device; the digital cameras are located on either the bottom camera fixing planes or the lateral camera fixing planes; and the wireless shutter remote control can achieve the simultaneous control of the digital cameras. The air 360-degree distant view photograph shooting device and the air 360-degree distant view photograph shooting method can avoid the condition that the continuous shooting can be carried out by repeatedly regulating positions and angles of the aircraft and the cameras under a traditional distant view photograph shooting way.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of full shot technology, further relate to a kind of aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph filming apparatus and method.
Background technology:
Tradition " ground " 360 ° of full shots are that a camera is fixed on a certain position that is above the ground level, take pictures around a fixing some rotating 360 degrees, then carry software or utilize software in computing machine by camera, captured 360 ° of distant view photographs are carried out post-processed, splicing, synthetic 360 ° of distant view photographs.This kind method based on a camera at a point of fixity, rotating 360 degrees, repeatedly take continuously, to guarantee that 360 ° of conplane a certain point of fixity are looked around effect all to be obtained by the photo of taking one by one in the scope of looking around, but the photo that need to satisfy every shooting all is based on certain some same plane in the space, and obviously environmental change of nothing around during looking around 360 ° of shootings, can realize preferably the effect of 360 ° of pan-shots like this, and the perspective view of the photo of taking the photograph is correct.This is also more convenient for synthetic 360 ° of panoramic pictures of later stage.
And tradition " in the air " 360 ° of full shots, by camera being fixed on a certain position on the unmanned rotary wing helicopter, helicopter is taken camera flight to aerial certain some position, then hover, ceaselessly change helicopter head direction according to actual conditions, carry out one by one photograph taking in the scope of looking around., keep helicopter to be in all the time same level therebetween as far as possible, identical in order to guarantee the photo transparent effect of taking out, the processing of the later stage 360 ° of distant view photographs of can being more convenient for, synthetic.But in the process that all aircraft that comprise helicopter are aloft taken photo by plane, the capital affects due to factors such as being subjected to wind-force or flow perturbation, and adjust untimely to camera head or two people coordinate the reasons such as not tacit because of ground controlling personnel remotely-piloted vehicle flight attitude and camera head operator, be difficult to guarantee that camera keeps a camera to take based on same level all the time in 360 ° of processes of looking around shooting, very easily cause the surface level of captured photo respectively to have any different, improve difficulty easily for post-production, synthetic 360 ° of panoramic pictures.In addition, the aerial full shot of tradition is constantly adjusted heading, the attitude of helicopter and the relative position of adjusting camera and helicopter always at shooting process.Therefore, this image pickup method is all higher for the operator's of the operator of ground unmanned rotary wing helicopter and camera head requirement, and the difficulty that operates is larger.
No matter be traditional 360 °, ground full shot or traditional aerial 360 ° of full shots, technology both is applied to all have certain limitation and uncertainty in aerial 360 ° of full shots, that is: in shooting process, camera heights is controlled difficulty; The time of each photograph taking is different, and traditional distant view photograph is not to take the same time.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention proposes and a kind ofly can be fixed on carry-only, and can fix simultaneously the device of a plurality of cameras, realized obtaining simultaneously whole 360 ° of distant view photographs of same time of aerial a certain position.
Aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph filming apparatus comprise:
Be positioned at N bottom camera fixed pan of bottom, be positioned at the equally distributed M of sidepiece sidepiece camera fixed pan; Be positioned at the digital camera on bottom camera fixed pan or sidepiece camera fixed pan; Wireless shutter telepilot is realized the synchro control of logarithmic code camera.
The numerical value of described N can be 1, is positioned at digital camera on the bottom camera fixed pan surface level that vertically takes a crane shot.
The numerical value of described N also can be 2 or 4, symmetrical in twos, each is symmetrical along certain straight line perpendicular to surface level to the digital camera that is positioned on the bottom camera fixed pan, both camera lens is respectively S1 and S2 in adjacent direction field angle, the extended line of optical center line intersects, angle is greater than zero, and less than (S1+S2)/2.
The numerical value of described M is 3,4,5,6,8 or more.
The described camera lens that is positioned at the digital camera on sidepiece camera fixed pan field angle in the vertical direction is S3, and the angle of optical center line and surface level is greater than 0.5*S3-10, less than 75-0.5*S3.
Aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph image pickup methods of realizing on above-mentioned aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph filming apparatus,
According to resolution requirement and scene area definition camera and lens focus parameter, the shooting height of being taken, determine the numerical value of M, N;
Select aperture and shutter parameter according to light condition; Because difference is taken task for the sharpness requirement difference of taking pictures, therefore the camera lens that is equipped with for camera also can be different, lens performance (referring to that mainly the angle of view is big or small) directly determines to place camera on The Cloud Terrace number, and then determine around all polyhedron quantity that needs of The Cloud Terrace one.In like manner, the bottom surface polyhedron quantity of The Cloud Terrace also can be configured as requested.Such structural design is more flexible and changeable, can satisfy request for utilizations different under more susceptible condition.Field angle between camera must overlap to some extent in twos, can guarantee that like this all pictures all can obtain in 360 ° of scopes, there is no the blind area.
Field angle refers in optical instrument, take the camera lens of optical instrument as the summit, with the image of measured target can be by camera lens the angle that consists of of two edges of maximum magnitude.
Camera lens generally is divided into 1/3 ", 1/2 " and 2/3 " or APSC or silent frame camera lens etc., in the certain situation of camera lens specification, the pass of lens focus and the angle of view is: lens focus is longer, and the field angle of its camera lens is just less; In the situation that lens focus is certain, the pass of camera lens specification and the angle of view is: the camera lens specification is larger, and the field angle of its camera lens is also larger.So in the situation that the camera lens object distance is certain, along with the change of lens focus is large, captured picture scope is just less, but picture detail is more and more clear; And along with the increase of camera lens specification, captured picture scope just increases, but its picture detail is more and more fuzzyyer.
Utilize aircraft that filming apparatus is risen to corresponding longitude and latitude and height, press wireless shutter telepilot, all cameras are completed shooting at synchronization;
Image Mosaics generates 360 ° of distant view photographs.
These aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph filming apparatus rely on aircraft that filming apparatus is risen to corresponding longitude and latitude and height.
Described aircraft comprises heligyro and fixed wing aircraft.
The present invention is with respect to the advantage of prior art:
(1) 360 ° of distant view photographs carrying out of the present invention are taken, shooting operation is simple, adjust aircraft to aerial a certain behind the shooting point position, can easily obtain whole 360 ° of distant view photographs of this point in the air by triggering a supporting wireless shutter telepilot that is connected with all cameras; Avoided repeatedly adjustment aircraft and camera position, angle under traditional distant view photograph style of shooting to take continuously.
(2) the present invention can be applicable to the aircraft of any type, can realize certain a bit disposable collection of the real-time 360 ° of aerial distant view photographs in position in the aircraft movements process, and being not limited to aircraft must just can take under floating state.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph filming apparatus structural representations in embodiment 1, and in figure, 1a, 1b represent 2 cameras of bottom installation, and 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f represent the camera that sidepiece is installed.
Fig. 2 is the assembling schematic diagram of Fig. 1 device on rotary wing aircraft, and in figure, 3 represent rotary wing aircraft.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Contrast accompanying drawing 1,2, in present case fixedly the device of camera can carry simultaneously 8 cameras, M=6 wherein, N=2, namely sidepiece is installed totally 6 camera 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f, 2 camera 1a, 1b are installed in the bottom.Camera lens adopts and to be equivalent to silent frame 20mm bugeye lens, and its horizontal field of view angle is 84 °, and the vertical field of view angle is 62 °, and the diagonal line field angle is 94 °.
The Cloud Terrace one week around 6 camera distance intervals be evenly distributed, S3=62 °, the angle of optical center line and surface level is 21 °.Be included in 2 cameras of The Cloud Terrace bottom interior, between any two cameras, its field angle all crosses to some extent, really guarantees the covering fully in 360 ° of scopes.S1=S2=62 ° of 2 cameras in bottom, the extended line of optical center line intersects, and angle is 60 °.
The first step: aerial photographing, detailed process is:
Install aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph shooting tripod heads and supporting camera on unmanned rotocraft 3.Magnetic compass utilizes geomagnetic field horizontal component to make directing group locating tab assembly depopulated helicopter magnetic heading, and the heading of depopulated helicopter is made accurately indication; Heligyro carries 360 ° of distant view photograph shooting tripod heads and the supporting superincumbent camera overhead, spot for photography of flying, to hover latitude and longitude coordinates and the altitude information in place of heligyro passed land station back in real time by the microwave wireless graphic transmission equipment, and first handles hand accurately is positioned at depopulated helicopter on the longitude and latitude and height of the shooting point of wanting.Highly arrive apart from 500 meters, ground by barometer and the adjustment of optics height-gauge; By the inertial navigation system that is arranged on 3 gyros on heligyro, keep standard of fuselage; Environment meets when taking wish, and second handles hand on the ground by the wireless remote control camera or stop.At present the telepilot of all cameras of selling on the market or video camera be all touch switch, by infrared remote control, command range is short and want direct irradiation.And the signal that unmanned plane is launched with telepilot is all the proportional remote control signal.Proportional remote control refers to be subjected to the movement range (or speed) of telecontrolled model region of interest and operator to pull the proportional relation of action that (turning) moves the transmitter operating rod.The proportional remote control distance, but can't mate with trigger switch.The wireless shutter telepilot that uses in the present invention, a built-in circuit chip is converted to trigger pip with the proportional remote control signal, realizes Remote camera and video camera.On 360 ° of photo cameras, some cameras are arranged, some cameras are connected respectively on several passages on the aircraft telepilot, corresponding several signals of several passages, in the process of taking, utilize the aircraft remote control that this some roads electric signal is merged into one road signal, realize that by this road signal that control merges these several passages move simultaneously, take when press wireless shutter telepilot can realize some cameras this moment, so just can complete the shooting of 360 ° of panoramas.
Second step: post-production
The photo screening
According to the imaging of aerial photographing photo, focus, color, the conditional filterings such as registration go out one group of 360 ° of photo of the most suitable synthetic panorama.Selected photo needs imaging clearly, and focus is accurate, and rich color for the synthesis of the panorama sketch of high definition, reduces the adjustment to panorama sketch.
Use the synthetic panorama sketch of panorama.The photo that filters out is spliced the panorama sketch of synthetic each spot for photography.Use Photoshop software synthetic panorama sketch to be carried out the adjustment such as brightness, contrast, color range, saturation degree, make the sharpness of panorama sketch higher, color is abundanter, and picture is truer.
Claims (9)
1. aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph filming apparatus, is characterized in that, comprising:
Be positioned at N bottom camera fixed pan of bottom, be positioned at the equally distributed M of sidepiece sidepiece camera fixed pan;
Be positioned at the digital camera on bottom camera fixed pan or sidepiece camera fixed pan;
Wireless shutter telepilot is realized the synchro control of logarithmic code camera.
2. aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph filming apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the numerical value of described N is 1, is positioned at digital camera on the bottom camera fixed pan surface level that vertically takes a crane shot.
3. aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph filming apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the numerical value of described N is 2, the digital camera that is positioned on the bottom camera fixed pan is symmetrical along certain straight line perpendicular to surface level, both camera lens is respectively S1 and S2 in adjacent direction field angle, the extended line of optical center line intersects, and angle is greater than zero, and less than (S1+S2)/2.
4. aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph filming apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the numerical value of described N is 4, symmetrical in twos, each is symmetrical along certain straight line perpendicular to surface level to the digital camera that is positioned on the bottom camera fixed pan, and both camera lens is respectively S1 and S2 in adjacent direction field angle, and the extended line of optical center line intersects, angle is greater than zero, and less than (S1+S2)/2.
5. aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph filming apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the numerical value of described M be 3,4,5,6,8 one of them.
6. aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph filming apparatus according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the described camera lens that is positioned at the digital camera on sidepiece camera fixed pan field angle in the vertical direction is S3, and the angle of optical center line and surface level is greater than 0.5*S3-10, less than 75-0.5*S3.
7. aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph image pickup methods of realizing on any one described aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph filming apparatus of claim 1 to 6 is characterized in that:
According to resolution requirement and scene area definition camera and lens focus parameter, the shooting height of being taken, determine the numerical value of M, N;
Select aperture and shutter parameter according to light condition;
Filming apparatus is risen to corresponding longitude and latitude and height, press wireless shutter telepilot, all cameras are completed shooting at synchronization;
Image Mosaics generates 360 ° of distant view photographs.
8. aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph image pickup methods according to claim 7, is characterized in that: rely on aircraft that filming apparatus is risen to corresponding longitude and latitude and height.
9. aerial 360 ° of distant view photograph image pickup methods according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described aircraft comprises fixed wing aircraft and heligyro.
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