CN103138870A - Data transmission method and data transmission device - Google Patents
Data transmission method and data transmission device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103138870A CN103138870A CN2011103740606A CN201110374060A CN103138870A CN 103138870 A CN103138870 A CN 103138870A CN 2011103740606 A CN2011103740606 A CN 2011103740606A CN 201110374060 A CN201110374060 A CN 201110374060A CN 103138870 A CN103138870 A CN 103138870A
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Abstract
An embodiment of the invention provides a data transmission method and a data transmission device. The method includes: a presentation protocol data unit (PPDU) is generated, the PPDU comprises N groups of long training domains, N is a positive integer and is determined by space-time flow number adopted by the PPDU, each group of long training domains comprise M long training domains, M is a positive integer and is variable to different PPDUs, and the PPDU is sent to a receiving end. Number of the long training domains in each group of long training domains can change according to PPDU situation, and channel condition can be reflected well so as to be adapted to a data low-speed transmission scene.
Description
Technical field
The embodiment of the present invention relates to wireless communication field, and more specifically, relates to data transmission method and data transmission device.
Background technology
Basic Service Set (Basic Service Set, BSS) is the element of a WLAN (wireless local area network) (Wireless local area net, WLAN).Within being in a certain particular coverage, and has BSS of certain related website (STA, Station) composition.Related citation form is website direct communication mutually in an ad-hoc network, and this is called as independently Basic Service Set (Independent BSS, IBSS).
More common situation is that the central location that is called as access point (Access point, AP) of STA and a full-time administrative BSS is associated.The BSS that is based upon the AP periphery is called as the BSS with infrastructure.BSS with infrastructure can be interconnected by distributed system (Distributed System, DS) by their AP, consists of the BSS (Extend BSS, ESS) of an expansion.
OFDM (Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing) is a kind of with high-speed data-flow, is divided into several low rate data streams, and these several low rate data streams are modulated at several simultaneously transmit on quadrature carrier each other.Because each subcarrier bandwidth is less, closer to coherence bandwidth, therefore effectively the contrary frequency selectivity is weak, therefore now to be used in a large number radio communication.OFDM belongs to multicarrier (multi-carrier) transmission technology, and so-called Multicarrier Transmission Technology refers to available frequency spectrum is divided into a plurality of subcarriers, and each subcarrier can carry a low rate data streams.
Physical layer frame structure has stipulated that the function of a Frame is divided and time/frequency takies relation.Frame also can be described as PLCP (Physical Layer Convergence Procedure, physical layer convergence process) protocol Data Unit (PPDU, PLCP protocol data unit) or data cell.Take a typical WLAN agreement as example, its physical layer frame structure comprises Short Training territory (STF, short training field), long training domain (LTF, long training field), control signal (SIG, signal) and data.Wherein STF can be synchronizing sequence, and LTF can be pilot tone.
A typical receiving course, at first detect by synchronizing sequence and obtain lock in time, then carry out channel estimating by pilot tone control signal is carried out demodulation, by the message in pilot channel estimation and control signal (comprising the modulation coding mode of the data and the length of data etc.), data are detected at last.
Particularly, long training domain is mainly used in channel estimating.Frequency selectivity because time variation and the multipath of wireless channel brings makes each resource particle (subcarrier) of ofdm system have incomplete same decline situation.In order to make receiving terminal can correctly estimate the decline situation, transmitting terminal can be launched this known signal that consults in advance of long training domain, so that receiving terminal is estimated channel response.
In 802.11 agreements, each frame only has a long training domain, and this is applicable to the situation of the time length ratio of a frame shorter (maximum several milliseconds), and for example indoor this channel time domain changes scene comparatively slowly.Yet up-to-date 802.11ah protocol requirement bandwidth is less, and minimum is only supported the 1MHz bandwidth.This moment is for the packet of formed objects, under identical transmission rate, transmission time and comparing in the past tens times of increases, reaches tens of milliseconds.Therefore simultaneously, the 802.11ah agreement need to be supported the application scenarios that outdoor low speed moves, and under this scene, channel time domain changes than faster in the past, the present frame structure situation of change that can not well follow the tracks of channel.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of data transmission method and data transmission device, can adapt to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
On the one hand, provide a kind of data transmission method, having comprised: generated PPDU, PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty the time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU; Send PPDU to receiving terminal.
On the other hand, provide a kind of data transmission method, having comprised: received PPDU, PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty the time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU; Utilize group leader's N training domain to carry out channel estimation process to PPDU.
On the other hand, a kind of data transmission device is provided, comprise: generation unit, be used for generating PPDU, PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty the time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU; Transmitting element is used for sending to receiving terminal the PPDU that generation unit generates.
On the other hand, a kind of data transmission device is provided, comprise: receiving element, be used for receiving PPDU, PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty the time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU; Processing unit is used for utilizing group leader's N training domain to carry out channel estimation process to the PPDU that receiving element receives.
The included long training domain number of every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can change according to the situation of PPDU, thereby can reflect better channel conditions, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the below will do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the data transmission method of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the data transmission method of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B are the schematic diagrames of frame structure of the PPDU of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of frame structure of the PPDU of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of process of the notice positional information of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of process of the notice positional information of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of process of the notice positional information of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B are the schematic diagrames of frame structure of the PPDU of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B are the schematic diagrames of frame structure of the PPDU of another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the block diagram of the data transmission device of one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 11 is the block diagram of the data transmission device of another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the data transmission method of one embodiment of the invention.The method of Fig. 1 can be carried out by website or access point.
101, generate PPDU.This PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty the time fluxion (Space-time stream) determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU.
For example, when PPDU adopted the single-stream transmission mode, PPDU can comprise one group of LTF, and the LTF number that this group LTF comprises is variable.When PPDU adopted the multithread transmission means, PPDU can comprise many group LTF, and wherein the LTF number that comprises of every group of LTF is variable.
Alternatively, as an embodiment, in group leader's N training domain, the time-domain position of first of every group leader's training domain the long training domain in PPDU is the fixed position.The time-domain position of the second long training domain of long training domain to the M in PPDU of every group leader's training domain is fixed position or variable position.
The fixed position means that the transmitting-receiving two-end of PPDU all can only understand the position of LTF in PPDU according to a kind of mode, and this mode can be predesignated.
Variable position means that the transmitting-receiving two-end of PPDU may understand according to various ways the position of LTF in PPDU, and this mode can be consulted to determine by transmitting-receiving two-end.For example, can indicate the positional information of this variable position to the receiving terminal notice of PPDU by the transmitting terminal of PPDU.Particularly, as a nonrestrictive embodiment, can be by carry the positional information of this variable position of indication with lower at least one: the management frames of the control signal SIG of PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, new definition.
The form of embodiment of the present invention location information is not restricted.Alternatively, as an embodiment, positional information can represent the time interval of (as the first long training domain and the second long training domain) between included adjacent two the long training domains of first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain.In addition, also can adopt other forms of positional information, can be for example the starting point of the second long training domain and PPDU in first group leader's training domain (namely, the Short Training territory) time interval between, it can be perhaps the time interval between this second long training domain and other parts (for example, control signal or data division).These modes all fall in the scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, positional information only comes into force for the receiving terminal that does not have the sleep ability.For example, for the receiving terminal with sleep ability, LTF can adopt the mode of above-mentioned fixed position.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, equal at 1 o'clock at N, PPDU can comprise Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's training domain.The first long training domain in described group leader's training domain is between Short Training territory and control signal, in all the other long training domains (the second long training domain of long training domain to the M) data inserting.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, greater than 1 and PPDU when being used for the transmission of alone family, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's N training domain at N.The first long training domain of first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain is between Short Training territory and control signal, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, greater than 1 and PPDU when being used for multi-user transmission, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, the long training domain that is used for the demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, data and for group leader's N training domain of multi-user at N.The first long training domain of each the group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain is between multi-user's Short Training territory and data, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, the value of M is determined jointly by the time-domain position of the second long training domain of long training domain to the M of duration of PPDU and every group leader's training domain.
The below describes the nonrestrictive example of the adoptable frame structure of the embodiment of the present invention and location information notification mode in further detail also in connection with specific embodiment.
102, send above-mentioned PPDU to receiving terminal.
The included long training domain number of every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can change according to the situation of PPDU, thereby can reflect better channel conditions, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the data transmission method of another embodiment of the present invention.The method of Fig. 2 can be carried out by website or access point, and corresponding with the method for Fig. 1, therefore will suitably omit the description of repetition.
201, receive PPDU.This PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty the time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU.
Alternatively, as an embodiment, in group leader's N training domain, the time-domain position of first of every group leader's training domain the long training domain in PPDU is the fixed position, and the time-domain position of the second long training domain of long training domain to the M in PPDU of every group leader's training domain is fixed position or variable position.The mode of fixed position or variable position repeats no more as mentioned above.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, at the second long training domain of long training domain to the M in the situation that the position in PPDU is variable position, can also be by with at least one lower positional information of carrying, determine the position of the second long training domain of long training domain to the M in PPDU: the management frames of the control signal of PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, new definition.
The form of embodiment of the present invention location information is not restricted.Alternatively, as an embodiment, positional information can represent the time interval between included adjacent two the long training domains of first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain (as the first long training domain and the second long training domain).In addition, also can adopt other forms of positional information, can be for example the starting point of the second long training domain and PPDU in first group leader's training domain (namely, the Short Training territory) time interval between, it can be perhaps the time interval between this second long training domain and other parts (for example, control signal or data division).These modes all fall in the scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, positional information only comes into force for the receiving terminal that does not have the sleep ability.For example, for the receiving terminal with sleep ability, LTF can adopt the mode of above-mentioned fixed position.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, equal at 1 o'clock at N, PPDU can comprise Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's training domain.The first long training domain in described group leader's training domain is between Short Training territory and control signal, in the second long training domain data inserting of the long training domain of long training domain to the M.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, greater than 1 and PPDU when being used for the transmission of alone family, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's N training domain at N.The first long training domain of first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain is between Short Training territory and control signal, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, greater than 1 and PPDU when being used for multi-user transmission, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, the long training domain that is used for the demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, data and for group leader's N training domain of multi-user at N.The first long training domain of each the group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain is between multi-user's Short Training territory and data, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, during greater than threshold value, determine that every group leader's training domain comprises two and above long training domain at the frame length of PPDU.Receiving terminal can be determined the frame length of PPDU according to any existing mode, the present invention is not restricted this.For example, receiving terminal can partly obtain from control signal the indication of frame length.Perhaps, receiving terminal can judge whether a frame finishes by energy measuring, thereby determines frame length.
The embodiment of the present invention does not limit above-mentioned threshold value.For example, threshold value can be predefined value.Perhaps, threshold value can with LTF between the time interval relevant, for example threshold value can equal the length that this time interval adds the Short Training territory.
202, utilize group leader's N training domain to carry out channel estimation process to PPDU.
After the time-domain position of having determined group leader's N training domain, receiving terminal can utilize LTF to carry out channel estimating, thereby PPDU is carried out the processing such as demodulation.For example, the effect of first LTF in every group of LTF can be similar with LTF of the prior art, is used for SIG and partial data segmentation are carried out demodulation process.Remaining LTF can be used for demodulation process is carried out in the partial data segmentation after it.
The included long training domain number of every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can change according to the situation of PPDU, thereby can reflect better channel conditions, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the nonrestrictive example of the adoptable frame structure of the embodiment of the present invention and location information notification mode is described in further detail.It should be noted that these examples are only in order to help those skilled in the art to understand better the embodiment of the present invention, and leave no choice but limit the scope of the invention.
Described the process of a data interaction in following example, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to interaction times.In addition, in following example, with the indicating mode of the time interval between two long training domains as the time-domain position of long training domain, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, can adopt other modes to indicate the time-domain position of long training domain.
Embodiment one
Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B are the schematic diagrames of frame structure of the PPDU of one embodiment of the invention.In the present embodiment, always the time-domain position of the first long training domain is fixing, and in the prior art, under different bandwidth, frame structure may be different, and this moment, the time-domain position of the first long training domain may be with the different and difference of bandwidth.In the situation that fixed-bandwidth, the hypothesis that the time-domain position of the first long training domain is always fixed stands good.Whether the time-domain position of the first long training domain is fixed is not emphasis of the present invention, just clear and coherent in order to guarantee logic, because if the time-domain position of the first long training domain is variable, needs the time-domain position of extra signaling indication the first long training domain.
In the embodiment of Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B, PPDU adopts the single-stream transmission mode, and namely N=1, only comprise 1 group leader's training domain in PPDU at this moment, and suppose to comprise in this 1 group leader training domain M long training domain, all fix to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M among described PPDU from the first long training domain.It may be noted that, agreement for other version of WLAN, as 11n, comprise two kinds of long training domains: the long training domains of data (DLTF, Data-LTF) and the long training domain (ELTF of expansion, Extension-LTF), in the situation that single-stream transmission, the long training domain of data only has one group, is used for data demodulates, and the long training domain of expansion may have many groups, is used for space channel and measures.If without specified otherwise, long training domain in an embodiment refers to the long training domain for data demodulates.
For convenience of description, suppose that interaction scenarios is that single is mutual, namely only comprises transmitting and receiving of a secondary data.In current mutual, site STA 1 is for being the transmitting terminal of PPDU, and site STA 2 is the receiving terminal of PPDU.As shown in Figure 3A, the PPDU for shorter is similar to prior art, and STA1 carries out data when sending at transmitting terminal, and the order according to Short Training territory, long training domain, control signal and data sends successively.
As shown in Fig. 3 B, for the PPDU that grows, STA1 increases one or more long training domains in the middle of data, to guarantee that the time domain variation of channel is had tracking preferably.Described in data to insert the example of a long training domain in Fig. 3 B, but the invention is not restricted to this, the number of the long training domain that inserts has not been restricted.
Particularly, because the time-domain position of the first long training domain is fixed, if suppose first, second ..., between the long training domain of M for uniformly-spaced, the second long training domain can be determined by the time interval T of the second long training domain of long training domain to the first to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in described PPDU so.The time interval of supposing two long training domains is T, and the length in Short Training territory is T
STFThe time interval T here is Fixed Time Interval, can be namely predefined value, need not transmitting-receiving two-end and consults/notice.At first transmitting terminal STA1 estimates frame length according to the hypothesis of only having the first long training domain, is assumed to be T
PPDUIf, T
PPDULess than or less than or equal to T+T
STF, its frame structure and prior art are consistent so, namely only comprise the first long training domain in this 1 group leader training domain; And for T
PPDUMore than or equal to or greater than T+T
STFFrame, at T+T
STFConstantly insert the second long training domain, obtain new frame length T '
PPDUIn like manner, for T
PPDUMore than or equal to or greater than 2T+T
STFFrame, at 2T+T
STFConstantly insert the 3rd long training domain, the rest may be inferred.Simple in order to process, the signal structure of the described second long training domain, the 3rd long training domain and emission handling process can be identical with the first long training domain.
The below illustrates the system of selection of time interval T.This, interval T can arrange a more excellent value according to application scenarios and simulation result regular time, and this value need to be the integral multiple of OFDM symbol time.If need to support kinds of protect interval (GI, Guard interval), to need to satisfy simultaneously be the integral multiple of OFDM symbol time length under the kinds of protect interval to this Fixed Time Interval T so.For example; the OFDM symbol lengths of supposing long GI is 40 μ s (32 μ s significant characters+8 μ s protect the interval); the OFDM symbol lengths of short GI is 36 μ s (32 μ s significant characters+4 μ s protect the interval); satisfying so is that both the least common multiple of multiple is 360 μ s simultaneously, and namely the time interval of two long training domains must be the integral multiple of 360 μ s.
According to typical application scenarios, such as the maximum translational speed of supporting, can the simple computation Doppler frequency.
Doppler frequency (Hz)=translational speed (m/s) * carrier frequency (Hz)/light velocity (m/s)
Carrier frequency with 1GHz calculates, translational speed for 3km/h (0.83m/s), its Doppler frequency is: 2.78Hz, and relevant with the method for channel model and channel estimating for the value of the time interval optimum of long training domain, the universal experience value the Doppler frequency inverse 1/10 to 1/100 between proper.Therefore in above-mentioned example, Fixed Time Interval can be got (10～100) * 360 μ s, and namely 3.6ms is to 36ms.
At this moment, the expense of increase is about: T
LTF/ T, wherein T
LTFBeing the length of long training domain, is a variable-length, and relevant with the fluxion that sends.Send T for single current
LTFBe generally 2 OFDM symbols, send for multithread, stream T of every increase
LTFCan increase an OFDM symbol, one has 5 OFDM symbols as an example of 4 streams example.So for single current, T=3.6ms, the expense of increase is approximately 2 * 40 μ s/3.6ms=2%; For 4 streams, the expense of increase is approximately 5%.If T is enlarged, corresponding expense can reduce, but the channel estimating performance that obtains lifting also can reduce, and therefore needs the compromise of an expense and performance here, and this compromise value can obtain by emulation.At the receiving terminal STA2 of PPDU, receive operation similar with normal receiving course.
Corresponding to top example, if the frame length that receives is less than or equal to T+T
STF, STA2 determine the structure of PPDU and existing structure similar, so STA2 can separate according to existing method the operation of frame, channel estimating, equilibrium, demodulation, decoding.
If the frame length that receives is greater than T+T
STF, STA2 need to understand frame fragment according to new frame structure, such as from T+T
STFTo T+T
STF+ T
LTFBe the second long training sequence constantly, according to common channel estimation method, this part received signal and process, then channel estimation value is upgraded.In like manner, if frame length greater than 2T+T
STF, so from 2T+T
STFTo 2T+T
STF+ T
LTFBe the 3rd long training domain constantly, also according to common channel estimation method, this part received signal and process, then channel estimation value is upgraded, for longer frame can the rest may be inferred.Certainly, can adopt more complicated algorithm, such as with the first long training domain and the second long training domain, even more long training domain is used for carrying out joint channel estimation.
Receiving terminal STA2 can determine frame length by control signal, perhaps judges by energy measuring whether a frame finishes, thereby determines frame length, and this process belongs to the prior art of WLAN, repeats no more here.
Then, STA2 carries out the follow-up reception ﹠ disposals such as equilibrium according to the channel estimation value that described long training domain obtains, and this process also belongs to prior art, repeats no more here.
In the embodiment of the present invention, for long-term PPDU, group leader's training domain can comprise that two and above long training domain are used for channel estimating, thereby can reflect better channel conditions, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
Embodiment two
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of frame structure of the PPDU of another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 4, be with the difference of embodiment one, the time-domain position of the first long training domain is fixed, and the second long training domain is variable to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in described PPDU.For example, the time interval T of the first and second long training domains is can every frame different, specifically several chosen candidate values can be arranged, such as { T1, T2, T3, T4}.Can determine for the current translational speed of each frame target recipient the T value of an optimum like this.Variable time interval T is more flexible, but also needs to increase simultaneously extra expense.If four kinds of T values are alternative such as existing, need to increase so accordingly by 2 bits and indicate this frame to adopt which time interval in control signal.
For example, can use the B0-B1 bit of control signal, indicate in the following manner variable time interval (i.e. the positional information of long training domain example).
B0-B1：
00: two the LTF time interval is T1
01: two the LTF time interval is T2
10: two the LTF time intervals are T3
11: two the LTF time intervals are T4
Wherein, according to the recommendation of embodiment one, T1=3.6ms, T2=7.2ms, T3=10.8ms, T4=14.4ms.
Every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can comprise two and the above long training domain that is used for channel estimating, thereby can reflect better channel conditions, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.And, adopt the variable time interval, longer training domain setting.
Embodiment three
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of process of the notice positional information of one embodiment of the invention.Notified the positional information (as the variable time interval T in above-mentioned embodiment two) of long training domain in the embodiment of Fig. 5 to site STA 1 and STA2 by broadcast frame by access point AP.
Embodiment three is with the difference of embodiment two, and the time interval of two vice-minister's training domains (as beacon frame, Beacon) is notified, until before beacon frame arrives next time, is as the criterion with the current up-to-date time interval by broadcast frame.
At first, AP arranges the LTF time interval in beacon frame, specifically increases a new cell (IE, information element) with the indication LTF time interval in existing beacon frame frame.
For example, can increase a LTF interval (LTF interval) cell newly in existing beacon frame frame, in order to indication in long training domain time interval that current beacon frame adopted in the cycle.This cell is 1 byte, can represent 256 kinds of different long training domain time intervals.The embodiment of the present invention is not restricted the time-domain position of LTF interval cell in broadcast frame.
In cycle, after finishing from current beacon frame, before beacon frame arrival next time, all frames all adopt the long training domain time interval that arranges in LTF interval at current beacon frame.AP can periodically send beacon frame, and AP can reset the long training domain time interval in beacon frame frame next time.
In Fig. 5, t1 is a beacon frame cycle to t2, and delta_t is the frame length+signal propagation+processing delay sum of beacon frame.It is the entry-into-force time that arranges in the long training domain time interval from t1+delta_t to t2.
In this case, because the long training domain time interval is unified under a BSS, therefore AP need to select a compromise long training domain time interval value according to the current translational speed of all STA under whole BSS, is more excellent to guarantee this value for most STA.
Then, each STA according to the long training domain time interval lastest imformation of beacon frame indicating, if the back has data to send or data receiver, carries out the sending and receiving process of data according to the up-to-date long training domain time interval after receiving beacon frame.
It may be noted that because the STA that has has sleep function, therefore may wake up in the cycle at a beacon frame, thereby will the long training domain time interval not being updated to last look, the sending and receiving end Asymmetry information can occur like this cause together the demodulation mistake.Such as, AP is after a beacon frame sends, carry out sending and receiving according to the long training domain time interval that arranges in this beacon frame, but certain STA just wakes up after this beacon frame sends, and carried out the sending and receiving of data before beacon frame arrives next time, what this moment, this STA used so is the long training domain time interval of preserving in the past to carry out sending and receiving, and not according to current last look.So, need to append constraint, for this mode that arranges by beacon frame, can only be used for not having under the BSS of sleep ability STA.
Certainly, except above-mentioned beacon frame, also can redesign a kind of new broadcast frame.This broadcast frame comprises LTF interval cell, and the time interval that is specifically designed to long training domain arranges, and its interaction flow is just the same with the employing beacon frame, and just the carrier of LTF interval cell is different.
Every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention comprises two and the above long training domain that is used for channel estimating, thereby can reflect better channel conditions, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.And, adopt the variable time interval, longer training domain setting.
Embodiment four
Embodiment four is combinations of embodiment three and embodiment one.Append a constraint in embodiment four, that is, for the mode that arranges by beacon frame, AP and STA should be understood that, only the STA that does not have the sleep ability are come into force; For the STA with sleep ability, adopt the method in embodiment one.
Embodiment five
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of process of the notice positional information of one embodiment of the invention.Notified the positional information (as the variable time interval T in above-mentioned embodiment two) of long training domain in the embodiment of Fig. 6 to site STA 1 by probing response frame by access point AP.
Embodiment five is with the difference of embodiment two, and the request response when AP is related by STA is to each STA setting in the long training domain time interval in association process.
As shown in Figure 6, at first, STA1 sends probe requests thereby (Probe request) frame, and AP determines the LTF time interval (concrete grammar is not limit, and for example can adopt the doppler frequency measurement described in embodiment one) by receiving probe request.
Then, AP arranges the time interval of long training domain in probe response (Probe response) frame.Increase a LTF interval cell in existing probing response frame, the time interval that is used for long training domain arranges.The embodiment of the present invention is not restricted the time-domain position of LTF interval cell in probing response frame.
Every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention comprises two and the above long training domain that is used for channel estimating, thereby can reflect better channel conditions, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.And, adopt the variable time interval, longer training domain setting.
Embodiment six
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of process of the notice positional information of one embodiment of the invention.Notified the positional information (as the variable time interval T in above-mentioned embodiment two) of long training domain in the embodiment of Fig. 7 to site STA 1 by association response frame by access point AP.
Embodiment six is with the difference of embodiment five, by association response frame to each STA setting in the long training domain time interval in association process.
As shown in Figure 7, at first, STA1 sends related request (Association request) frame, and AP determines the LTF time interval by receiving association request frame.
Then, AP arranges the time interval of long training domain in associated response (Association response) frame.Increase a LTF interval cell in existing association response frame, the time interval that is used for long training domain arranges.The embodiment of the present invention is not restricted the time-domain position of LTF interval cell in association response frame.
Every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention comprises two and the above long training domain that is used for channel estimating, thereby can reflect better channel conditions, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.And, adopt the variable time interval, longer training domain setting.
Certainly, also can increase LTF interval cell in other management frames, realize that the time interval of long training domain arranges function.
Embodiment seven
Embodiment seven is with the main distinction of embodiment five, and the management frames by new definition is to each STA setting in the long training domain time interval in association process.
This management frames comprises the LTF interval cell that the long training domain time interval is set at least, is only that the carrier of information is different with embodiment five, six the main distinction, and the transmitting-receiving flow process is identical.
Every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention comprises two and the above long training domain that is used for channel estimating, thereby can reflect better channel conditions, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.And, adopt the variable time interval, longer training domain setting.
Embodiment eight
Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B are the schematic diagrames of frame structure of the PPDU of another embodiment of the present invention.In the embodiment of Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B, PPDU adopts the multithread transmission means that is used for alone family.
Embodiment eight is with the main distinction of front embodiment, comprises a plurality of long training domains during the multithread transmission.For example, if transmission N stream (N is the positive integer greater than 1) comprises group leader's N training domain.Fig. 8 A is frame length frame structure more in short-term, and the frame structure that transmits with the multithread that is used for alone family of prior art is identical.Every group leader's training domain comprises a long training domain, be respectively long training domain 1, long training domain 2 ..., long training domain N.Long training domain 1 is mainly used in the demodulation of control signal between Short Training territory and control signal, in addition, long training domain 1 to N all is used for the demodulation of back data.
Fig. 8 B is the frame structure of frame length when longer, increases the long training domain that is used for data demodulates in every group leader's training domain.For example, as shown in Fig. 8 B, in group leader's N training domain, first group leader's training domain comprises that two and above long training domain 1, the second group leader's training domain comprise two and above long training domain 2 ..., group leader's N training domain comprises two and above long training domain N.First long training domain 1 is mainly used in the demodulation of control signal and data between Short Training territory and control signal.In addition, all the other long training domains are used for the demodulation of back data.
Does not wait at interval between two long training domains 1 and other two long training domains (such as two long training domains 2) at this moment.In the situation that adopt variable time interval, transmitter only need to be notified two intervals between long training domain 1, and concrete Notification Method is identical with front embodiment.Receiver finds the position of second long training domain 1 according to this interval, followed by the position that can find second long training domain 2-N.The position of follow-up long training domain can be analogized in this way.
Every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention comprises two and the above long training domain that is used for channel estimating, thereby can reflect better channel conditions, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.And, adopt the variable time interval, longer training domain setting.
Embodiment nine
Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B are the schematic diagrames of frame structure of the PPDU of another embodiment of the present invention.In the embodiment of Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B, PPDU adopts the multithread transmission means that is used for the multi-user.
Embodiment nine is with the main distinction of embodiment eight, and the N flow transmission may be transferred to different users.Fig. 9 A is frame length frame structure more in short-term, and the frame structure that transmits with the multithread that is used for the multi-user of prior art is identical.As shown in Fig. 9 A, PPDU comprises that Short Training territory, the long training domain LTF that is used for the demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, multi-user data and multiplex head of a household's training domain 1 are to N.
Be used for the long training domain LTF of demodulation control signal between Short Training territory and control signal, be mainly used in the demodulation of control signal.Multiplex head of a household's training domain 1 to N is used for the demodulation of back multi-user data.
Fig. 9 B is the frame structure of frame length when longer, increases the long training domain that is used for the multi-user data demodulation in every group leader's training domain.
In the situation that adopt variable time interval, transmitter only need to be notified the interval between adjacent two multiplex head of a household's training domains in every group (for example adjacent two multiplex head of a household's training domains 1).Concrete Notification Method is identical with front embodiment.Receiver finds the position of multiplex head of a household's training domain 1 according to this interval, followed by the position that can find long training domain 2 to N.
The included long training domain number of every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can change according to the situation of PPDU, thereby can reflect better channel conditions, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.And, adopt the variable time interval, longer training domain setting.
Figure 10 is the block diagram of the data transmission device of one embodiment of the invention.The data transmission device 1000 of Figure 10 can be access point or website, comprises generation unit 1010 and transmitting element 1020.
The included long training domain number of every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can change according to the situation of PPDU, thereby can reflect better channel conditions, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
Alternatively, as an embodiment, in group leader's N training domain, the time-domain position of first of every group leader's training domain the long training domain in PPDU is the fixed position, and the time-domain position of the second long training domain of long training domain to the M in PPDU of every group leader's training domain is fixed position or variable position.The mode of fixed position or variable position repeats no more as mentioned above.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, at the second long training domain of long training domain to the M in the situation that the time-domain position in PPDU is variable position, generation unit 1010 can also be by carrying the positional information of the indication time-domain position of the second long training domain of long training domain to the M in PPDU with lower at least one: the control signal of PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, the management frames (for example, above-described embodiment two to nine) that newly defines.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, positional information can represent the time interval (for example, above-described embodiment two to nine) between included adjacent two the long training domains of first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain (as the first long training domain and the second long training domain).
Alternatively, as another embodiment, positional information only comes into force for the receiving terminal that does not have the sleep ability.For example, for the receiving terminal with sleep ability, LTF can adopt the mode of above-mentioned fixed position.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, equal at 1 o'clock at N, PPDU can comprise Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's training domain.The first long training domain in described group leader's training domain is between Short Training territory and control signal, in the second long training domain data inserting of the long training domain of long training domain to the M.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, greater than 1 and PPDU when being used for the transmission of alone family, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's N training domain at N.The first long training domain of first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain is between Short Training territory and control signal, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, greater than 1 and PPDU when being used for multi-user transmission, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, the long training domain that is used for the demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, data and for group leader's N training domain of multi-user at N.The first long training domain of each the group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain is between multi-user's Short Training territory and data, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Figure 11 is the block diagram of the data transmission device of another embodiment of the present invention.The data transmission device 1100 of Figure 11 can be access point or website, comprises receiving element 1110 and processing unit 1120.
Receiving element 1110 receives PPDU.This PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty the time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU.Processing unit 1120 utilizes group leader's N training domain to carry out channel estimation process to the PPDU that receiving element 1110 receives.
The included long training domain number of every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can change according to the situation of PPDU, thereby can reflect better channel conditions, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
Alternatively, as an embodiment, in group leader's N training domain, the time-domain position of first of every group leader's training domain the long training domain in PPDU is the fixed position, and the time-domain position of the second long training domain of long training domain to the M in PPDU of every group leader's training domain is fixed position or variable position.The mode of fixed position or variable position repeats no more as mentioned above.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, at the second long training domain of long training domain to the M in the situation that the time-domain position in PPDU is variable position, determining unit 1120 can also by with at least one lower positional information of carrying, be determined the time-domain position of the second long training domain of long training domain to the M in PPDU: the management frames of the control signal of PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, new definition.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, positional information can represent the time interval between included adjacent two the long training domains of first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain (as the first long training domain and the second long training domain).
Alternatively, as another embodiment, receiving element 1110 can during greater than threshold value, determine that every group leader's training domain comprises two and above long training domain at the frame length of PPDU.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, positional information only comes into force for the device 1100 that does not have the sleep ability.For example, for the device 1100 with sleep ability, LTF can adopt the mode of above-mentioned fixed position.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, equal at 1 o'clock at N, PPDU can comprise Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's training domain.The first long training domain in described group leader's training domain is between Short Training territory and control signal, in the second long training domain data inserting of the long training domain of long training domain to the M.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, greater than 1 and PPDU when being used for the transmission of alone family, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's N training domain at N.The first long training domain of first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain is between Short Training territory and control signal, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, greater than 1 and PPDU when being used for multi-user transmission, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, the long training domain that is used for the demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, data and for group leader's N training domain of multi-user at N.The first long training domain of each the group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain is between multi-user's Short Training territory and data, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Can comprise above-mentioned data communication equipment 1000 or 1100 according to the communication system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Those of ordinary skills can recognize, unit and the algorithm steps of each example of describing in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein can be realized with the combination of electronic hardware or computer software and electronic hardware.These functions are carried out with hardware or software mode actually, depend on application-specific and the design constraint of technical scheme.The professional and technical personnel can specifically should be used for realizing described function with distinct methods to each, but this realization should not thought and exceeds scope of the present invention.
The those skilled in the art can be well understood to, and is the convenience described and succinct, and the specific works process of the system of foregoing description, device and unit can with reference to the corresponding process in preceding method embodiment, not repeat them here.
In several embodiment that the application provides, should be understood that disclosed system, apparatus and method can realize by another way.For example, device embodiment described above is only schematic, for example, the division of described unit, be only that a kind of logic function is divided, during actual the realization, other dividing mode can be arranged, for example a plurality of unit or assembly can in conjunction with or can be integrated into another system, or some features can ignore, or do not carry out.Another point, shown or discussed coupling each other or direct-coupling or communication connection can be by some interfaces, indirect coupling or the communication connection of device or unit can be electrically, machinery or other form.
Described unit as separating component explanation can or can not be also physically to separate, and the parts that show as the unit can be or can not be also physical locations, namely can be positioned at a place, perhaps also can be distributed on a plurality of network element.Can select according to the actual needs wherein some or all of unit to realize the purpose of the present embodiment scheme.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated in a processing unit, can be also that the independent physics of unit exists, and also can be integrated in a unit two or more unit.
If described function realizes with the form of SFU software functional unit and during as independently production marketing or use, can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.Based on such understanding, the part that technical scheme of the present invention contributes to prior art in essence in other words or the part of this technical scheme can embody with the form of software product, this computer software product is stored in a storage medium, comprise that some instructions are with so that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, the perhaps network equipment etc.) carry out all or part of step of the described method of each embodiment of the present invention.And aforesaid storage medium comprises: USB flash disk, portable hard drive, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), the various media that can be program code stored such as random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disc or CD.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; can expect easily changing or replacing, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion by described protection range with claim.
Claims (20)
1. a data transmission method that is used for WLAN (wireless local area network), is characterized in that, comprising:
Generate physical layer convergence process protocol Data Unit PPDU, described PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by described PPDU adopt empty the time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU;
Send described PPDU to receiving terminal.
2. data transmission method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described group leader's N training domain, the time-domain position of second of every group leader's training domain the long training domain of long training domain to the M in described PPDU is fixed position or variable position.
3. data transmission method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, in the situation that the time-domain position in described PPDU is variable position, described method also comprises at the second long training domain of long training domain to the M of every group leader's training domain:
By carry the positional information of the described variable position of indication with lower at least one: the management frames of the control signal of described PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, new definition.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described positional information only comes into force for the receiving terminal that does not have the sleep ability.
5. method as described in claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, described positional information represents the first long training domain that first group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is included and the time interval between the second long training domain.
6. as the described method of claim 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that,
Equal at 1 o'clock at N, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's training domain, the first long training domain in described group leader's training domain is between described Short Training territory and described control signal, and the second long training domain of long training domain to the M inserts in described data; Perhaps,
At N greater than 1 and described PPDU when being used for the transmission of alone family, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's N training domain, the first long training domain of first group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is between described Short Training territory and described control signal, and all the other long training domains insert in described data; Perhaps,
At N greater than 1 and described PPDU when being used for multi-user transmission, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, the long training domain that is used for the demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, data and for group leader's N training domain of multi-user, the first long training domain of each the group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is between described multi-user's Short Training territory and described data, and all the other long training domains insert in described data.
7. data transmission method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the value of M is determined jointly by the time-domain position of the second long training domain of long training domain to the M of duration of described PPDU and every group leader's training domain.
8. a data transmission method, is characterized in that, comprising:
Receive physical layer convergence process protocol Data Unit PPDU, described PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by described PPDU adopt empty the time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU;
Utilize described group leader's N training domain to carry out channel estimation process to described PPDU.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, in described group leader's N training domain, the time-domain position of second of every group leader's training domain the long training domain of long training domain to the M in described PPDU is fixed position or variable position.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, in the situation that the time-domain position in described PPDU is variable position, described method also comprises at the second long training domain of long training domain to the M of every group leader's training domain:
By with at least one lower positional information of carrying, determine the time-domain position of the second long training domain of long training domain to the M in described PPDU of every group leader's training domain: the management frames of the control signal of described PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, new definition.
11. method as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, described positional information represents the first long training domain that first group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is included and the time interval between the second long training domain.
12. as the described method of claim 7-11 any one, it is characterized in that,
Equal at 1 o'clock at N, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's training domain, the first long training domain in described group leader's training domain is between described Short Training territory and described control signal, and the second long training domain of long training domain to the M inserts in described data; Perhaps,
At N greater than 1 and described PPDU when being used for the transmission of alone family, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's N training domain, the first long training domain of first group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is between described Short Training territory and described control signal, and all the other long training domains insert in described data; Perhaps,
At N greater than 1 and described PPDU when being used for multi-user transmission, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, the long training domain that is used for the demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, data and for group leader's N training domain of multi-user, the first long training domain of each the group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is between described multi-user's Short Training territory and described data, and all the other long training domains insert in described data.
13. a data transmission device is characterized in that, comprising:
Generation unit, be used for to generate physical layer convergence process protocol Data Unit PPDU, described PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by described PPDU adopt empty the time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, and wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU;
Transmitting element is used for sending to receiving terminal the described PPDU that described generation unit generates.
14. device as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, in described group leader's N training domain, the time-domain position of second of every group leader's training domain the long training domain of long training domain to the M in described PPDU is fixed position or variable position.
15. device as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, in the situation that the time-domain position in described PPDU is variable position, described generation unit also is used for by carry the positional information of the described variable position of indication with lower at least one: the management frames of the control signal of described PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, new definition at the second long training domain of long training domain to the M of every group leader's training domain.
16. device as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, described positional information represents the first long training domain that first group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is included and the time interval between the second long training domain.
17. a data transmission device is characterized in that, comprising:
Receiving element, be used for to receive physical layer convergence process protocol Data Unit PPDU, described PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by described PPDU adopt empty the time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, and wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU;
Processing unit is used for utilizing described group leader's N training domain to carry out channel estimation process to the PPDU that described receiving element receives.
18. device as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, in described group leader's N training domain, the position of second of every group leader's training domain the long training domain of long training domain to the M in described PPDU is fixed position or variable position.
19. device as claimed in claim 18, it is characterized in that, at the second long training domain of long training domain to the M of every group leader's training domain in the situation that the time-domain position in described PPDU is variable position, described determining unit also is used for determining the time-domain position of the second long training domain of long training domain to the M in described PPDU of every group leader's training domain: the management frames of the control signal of described PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, new definition by with at least one lower positional information of carrying.
20. device as claimed in claim 19 is characterized in that, described time-domain position information represents the first long training domain that first group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is included and the time interval between the second long training domain.
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