CN103035101B - Remote sensing and communication system - Google Patents
Remote sensing and communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103035101B CN103035101B CN201210464609.5A CN201210464609A CN103035101B CN 103035101 B CN103035101 B CN 103035101B CN 201210464609 A CN201210464609 A CN 201210464609A CN 103035101 B CN103035101 B CN 103035101B
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- manhole cover
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Abstract
Provide and a kind of implement remote sensing system and the method that inspection shaft enclosed area enters, thus for the ambient parameter in sensing enclosed area or around enclosed area and wirelessly send these parameters to far point and provide platform and device.This system includes having can be to the shell (10) of the sensor that the ambient parameter near inspection shaft monitors.Microcontroller (12) in shell sends parameter and sends these parameters to communicator remind the user that inspection shaft has been affected to radio module (13), radio module (13).
Description
The application is based on filing date May 19, Application No. in 2006
(200680017209.2 international application no is PCT/US2006/019497), innovation and creation name
It is referred to as the divisional application of the Chinese patent application of " remote sensing and communication system ".
Technical field
The invention mainly relates to implement enclosed area to provide a kind of platform and device
(enclosure) system and method entered, wherein said platform and device are in envelope
Environment or program parameter in closed zone or around enclosed area carry out sensing and wirelessly sending out
Give these parameters to far point.
Background technology
The operation of health and sewerage is just becoming more and more expensive and is being faced with to make us shrinking
The pressure of environment, society and administrative organization.Mechanism and the tissue of management health department are faced with
Complicated and spend huge problem.Three subject matters that sanitation system operators is faced exist
In sewage spills, governance failure and illegal dumping.The first two problem in these problems is led to
Often result in pollutant spill and leakage uncontrollably in environment, cause environmental disruption, health threat,
And the cleaning of costliness and mitigation costs, the 3rd problem the most respectively to governing system, environment,
Responsibility uncontrollable with health administrator creates potential danger.
Management refuse is processed and administers responsible mechanism and group for those by sewage spills
Just becoming more generally for knitting and costly.The population increased bears sternly by sewerage
High pressure, system is just becoming aging and is becoming to be more prone to leakage and spill and leakage, and including
Cleaning, the spill and leakage expense reduced discharging and the fine from administrative organization are all risen suddenly and sharply.By Brown and
Entitled " the What's a Spill Worth that Caldwell engineering company makes？,or a Brief
Look at Community Values " a recent market analysis investigated California
676 sewage agencies avoid the economic worth of spill and leakage to obtain.The result of investigation shows, example
As being ready to spend per gallon 10 dollars to avoid for the mechanism that the spill and leakage order of magnitude is 1000 gallons
These spill and leakages.For bigger spill and leakage, mechanism is then ready to spend 500, and 000 dollar to more than one
Avoid the intake area that spill and leakage arrives such as river, lake or ocean etc for million dollars.For
For health organ particularly big at sewage quantity due to sewage spills or arrive the situation of intake area
It is not rare thing by imposing a fine millions of dollars down.Sewage spills returns supervisor structure
Become serious public relation problem, and sewage returns to house and commercial facility causes this mechanism to bear
Strict liability both expensive expense and plenty of time is had to clear up and be also not uncommon for.
Sewage spills is caused by many problems, but has three chief reasons to be frequently referred to:
Owing to using fat, Adeps Sus domestica or the restaurant of oils and fats, other business in food or industrial processes
Enterprise or resident's illegal dumping and form oil accumulation；By the intrusion of plant roots and stems or pipeline
Rupture the structure problem in the soil pipe caused, be typically due in sewer be thrown into similar cloth waste
Etc object and make pipeline breaking more serious；And generally when high rainfall or run-off
Occur is caused " permeate and flow into ", spilling by the leakage to system.Sewage spills is led to
Often originate in obstruction or due to high flow capacity at full capacity and the pipe of overflow.At present, also do not have
Have the early warning system with practical value come for system operator provide spill and leakage occur with
The front cost-effective device that spill and leakage is prevented.Typically, spill and leakage is detected by the public
To be by accidentally observe water flow out inspection shaft (manhole) or blow-off line near or
The wet area scent of on ground above.To sewage spills be noticed by the public when,
Too late---spill and leakage has occurred and that, problem has simply had how many sewage spills in environment,
Spill and leakage has arrived clean intake area the most, needs how much spends and spends the time how long
This problem can be solved and how many fine will be had.
Second subject matter of health organ is precisely due to the beneficial treatment of sewage treatment plant
The elimination of antibacterial and the loss of improvement that produces.One common ground of governance process utilizes exactly
Organic material in antibacterial Decomposition Wastewater natively.If beneficial bacteria is had by the refuse flowed into
Poison, then will occur the mortality of antibacterial in the case of not having early warning, and sewage understands spill and leakage,
Otherwise be to be discharged in the case of not knowing to process or be untreated.To flowing through dirt
The device of the toxic material offer early warning that water gathering system arrives processing plant can be for pipe
Reason person provides such selection---the current of inflow are transferred to a storage pool until poisonous
Material waste dissipates, and this is very useful and critically important for health industry.Additionally,
If the source of toxic material can be determined, then the source of toxic material can be prevented from or drink
Feelings are imposed a fine.
Additionally, it is a common problem that object is illegally dumped into inspection shaft.Problem
Source be the illegal operation or only of the commercial enterprise facing peak risk waste disposal fee
Being only deliberately to destroy, hazardous waste therein includes the sewage with truck transport and rot.Disobey
It is another source of problem that the secret of method drug lab waste is toppled over.Topple over legal with it
Stand and pay a large amount of expenses, not as by illegal for the hazardous waste of the some trucies including rot
Be transported to remote inspection shaft, so can topple over big quantity of material and be unlikely detected or
Person is reported to the authorities.Primarily asking of health industry is toppled in the uncontrolled of this entrance sewerage
Topic because sewage system operators finally will to what be introduced into they system take responsibility
And manager catches almost without chance or prevents illegal dumping.
The illegal inspection shaft that enters has forced some health organs to be welded its inspection shaft, and this is effective
Prevent illegal entrance, but cause the problem in certain operations at the same time, including prolonging
Late or delay maintenance or in case of emergency significant delay enter inspection by manhole cover
Look into well.
Presently, there are the water surface and the method for current, such as Hach in supervision inspection shaft
(Loveland, CO) Sigma 1000 and Marsh-McBiney Flo-Dar system is exactly two
Plant this series products.These methods have one or more in following problem: (a) installs
Need enter inspection shaft, the most costly and enter inspection shaft and there is higher safety wind
Danger；B () system needs wire communication, it is therefore desirable to dig ditch around inspection shaft；C () is
System requires continuous print 120 volt AC power, it is therefore desirable to dig ditch around inspection shaft；(d)
Whole installation is expensive, and therefore the layout of these systems is limited only within the inspection of several selection
Look into well.One little city has 5,000 to 10,000 inspection shaft, and big city is gathered around
Have more than 100,000 inspection shafts.In order to provide coverage rate widely, each inspection shaft is spent
The overall cost of expense must be rational.
Obviously, it is implicitly present in a kind of low cost providing early warning system and firm
The demand of system and method, wherein early warning system eliminate that health administrator is faced one
A little problems and expense.This system should be cheap so that it is widely deployed, and it provides
Wide area communications, and it enough rapidly thus reacts to manager with time enough, and
And prevented it from occurring before catastrophic carelessness occurs and affects society and environment.This system
Can also is that for including invasion warning, closing space (such as gas) supervision, water quality prison
Depending on, traffic monitor and environment or contamination monitoring in the different sensors of interior multiple use
Platform, and by extensively covering the distribution of urban areas, this in addition to inspection shaft monitors
System also serves many purposes.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides by independent current source, electronic system, communication system, computing capability with
And sensor is combined into the system and method for a kind of low cost low-power device, described device is by directly
Connect on enclosure barrier that is integrated and that install similar manhole cover etc thus provide closing
The sensing gone wrong in district or around enclosure barrier and quick early warning.Specifically
Saying, the present invention includes: the communication unit of the communication between offer long-distance user from device to system
Unit；The power supply of constant reliable power is provided for device；Sensor input can be monitored and control
System communication and the microcontroller of plant running；Provide as communicator, microcontroller and pass
Sensor provides the electronic system of the device of suitable power and electric current；And inside supervision enclosed area
Or the sensor of parameter near enclosed area.Present invention also offers the low workload of low cost
Installation and maintenance program.Be different from carry out in a certain place costly and time consuming pick ditch power and
Communication is provided, the invention provides the device that a kind of power consumption is the lowest, therefore, it is possible to use existing
The small dimension set of cells of finished product provides the uninterrupted operation of some months, and can carry out channel radio
Believer in a certain religion and eliminate wired needs.
System and a method according to the invention additionally provides following advantage: (a) some months only
Vertical operate without external power source, although external power source can with when can use outside
Power supply；B () is easily integrated and the enclosure barrier installed to similar manhole cover etc, because of
This does not hinder the operation to enclosure barrier and is no need to install and actually enter closing
In district；(c) from far point to potentially include computer and Email, personal digital assistant,
Phone, mobile phone and pager quickly and lead to reliably interior various real-time reception devices
Letter；D () gives a warning exceeding sensor threshold value or switch trip when immediately；(e)
With the shortest time interval, the various situations in enclosed area or around enclosed area are monitored,
Thus the time providing abundance communicates in time and reacts the activity preventing stoping, example
Such as sewage spills or illegally enter.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention is that sanitation system operators provides a kind of new side
Method, this method can monitor and detect spill and leakage, expection overflow, detection daily to inspection shaft
Illegal entrance, and monitor the similar current of sewerage, horizontal plane, gas content with
And other environment of sewage content or program parameter.Additionally, the present invention quickly detects excessive
Leakage, to produce reaction, therefore reduces the destruction to environment, including to similar streams, lake
Or the potential pollution of the intake area of ocean etc.Additionally, the present invention can be that those are at it
The spill and leakage occurred in system is born the sanitation system operators of strict liability and is reduced expense.Due to this
On the lid that system is integrated directly into the manhole, so need not at inspection shaft pipeline therein
Carry out installing and there is no need to enter inspection shaft, This further reduces the risk of installation and become
This.
In another embodiment, the present invention can be as the supervision for enclosed area surrounding
Device uses.Such as, when being arranged on the downside of lid of inspection shaft, the present invention can be also used for
Monitor street traffic, urban air-quality or other ambient parameter.The present invention is the most general
Ground can be as the sensor platform of a set of sensor, and wherein this set sensor has pointed under inspection shaft
The region in face, inspection shaft area above or the two region.
Aforesaid and the further feature of the present invention and advantage are explained with reference to book, right is wanted
Ask and accompanying drawing will be apparent from.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By the detailed description of the following exemplary embodiment to the present invention, in conjunction with accompanying drawing,
The present invention will be better understood when, the most identical reference number represents identical portion
Point, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the schematic block diagram of one embodiment of the present of invention；
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of typical manhole cover, and wherein device and antenna are by directly
Invest on manhole cover；
Fig. 3 shows the battery in shell, electronic system, inclination sensor and communication system
The top view of the layout of system；
Fig. 4 is the side view of same layout in showing shell, which includes supersonic sensing
Device；
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of the antenna being arranged on manhole cover；
Fig. 6 A shows the flow chart of the inclination sensor in one embodiment of the present of invention；
Fig. 6 B shows the flow chart of the distance measuring sensor in one embodiment of the present of invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention provides by independent current source, electronic system, communication system, computing capability with
And sensor is combined into the system and method for a kind of low cost low-power device, described device is by directly
Connect integrated and install on the enclosure barrier be similar to manhole cover etc thus provide envelope
The sensing gone wrong in closed zone or around enclosure barrier and quick early warning.Sensing
Device includes, but be not restricted to that, horizontal plane sensor, flow transducer, pressure transducer,
Distance measuring sensor, the ultrasonic ranging detector protected by waterproof material, gas sensor, gas
Taste sensor, temperature sensor, similar video camera also have photographing unit etc optical monitor,
Or infrared ray sensor.Additionally, sensor physically can separate with manhole cover and be pacified
It is contained in the wall of inspection shaft or at the end.Such as there is the infrared ray contacted with shell or ultrasound wave dress
The float switch put is remotely located at bottom inspection shaft.In the case of float switch,
Switch and rise along with liquid level and there is no energy expenditure before Guan Bi, therefore saved energy,
The energy of such as battery.The sensor of other types can physically separate also with manhole cover
And by the wired or wireless device in enclosed area or in inspection shaft and shell communication.
The present invention includes: provide leading between the locally or remotely user from device to system
The communication unit of letter；The power supply of constant reliable power is provided for device；Sensor can be monitored
Input and control the microcontroller of communication and plant running；Provide as communicator, micro-control
Device processed and sensor provide the electronic system of the device of suitable power and electric current；And monitor
The sensor of the parameter near within enclosed area or enclosed area.Present invention also offers low one-tenth
The installation of this low workload and maintenance program.It is different from and carries out costly and time consuming pick in a certain place
Ditch is powered and is communicated with providing, and the invention provides the device that a kind of power consumption is the lowest, therefore can
Enough use the small dimension set of cells of existing finished product to provide the uninterrupted operation of some months, and can
Carry out radio communication thus eliminate wired needs.Solaode or utilization directly electricity
Gas connects or condenser type or inductance type connect carry out recharging from a kind of portable unit can be again
Rechargeable battery is the most also provided that energy.
The microcontroller instruction set programming defining working state of system.These define
State includes, but are not limited to, initial testing mode, field installation mode, normal Working mould
Formula, change report frequency, change sample frequency, return current status mode, return history number
According to pattern, reset historical data mode, change location text string, change warning destination address string,
Reset communication port, enable or disable warning and send a message to system user.These lives
Make the manual command provided from system user or from operation in application server computer
Automatic script.
Unless otherwise noted, following term has a following meaning:
Term " inspection shaft " includes, without being limited to dome room, underground (example in its broadest sense
Such as sewer manhole or public utility dome room) and any other ground or envelope of underground
Closed region, wherein this closed area have in the closed area that can be monitored or near instrument
Or material or aspect.
Term " manhole cover " will include, without being limited in its broadest sense for underground vault
Push up the lid of room (such as sewer manhole or public utility dome room) and for any
The enclosure barrier (such as door or wall) of the closed area of ground or underground, wherein this enclosed area
Territory have in the closed area that can be monitored or near instrument or material or aspect.
Term " hardware enclosure " will include, without being limited to box and appearance thereof in its broadest sense
Receiving thing, its receiving material has some or all of following object: electronic system, power supply, input
/ output connection, communicator, microcontroller, sensor and any for making box add
Solid, moistureproof, waterproof environmentally conscious materials.
Term " application server computer " will include, without being limited to meter in its broadest sense
Calculation machine and communication system, wherein this computer and communication system can connect from mounted field unit
Receive message and send the message to addresses of items of mail, pager, personal digital assistant, mobile phone,
And other notice devices of responsible party.This server can also be by the life from system user
Order is sent to mounted field unit.This server also provides for warning confirmation, statistic record is protected
Hold, customer account management, report generation, maintenance record keep and alarm and safety management.Should
Simple and direct machine to machine message can also be translated into one with server computer can be
The form that system user understands.
Term " system user " will include, without being limited to utilize this system in its broadest sense
The people in the region that it is interested, environment and the program parameter of change being sensed and monitoring,
The management personnel of such as sanitary installation or operator.
Term " alarm " issues system user by including, without being limited in its broadest sense
Message, this message is in order to remind the material circumstance in their system of user.
Term " mounted field unit " will include, without being limited in its broadest sense
Be similar on the enclosure barrier of manhole cover etc install hardware enclosure, it include antenna with
And this unit runs required all the sensors in mode expected from it.
The core component of the present invention is exactly the manhole cover of this instrumentation.This instrumentation
Manhole cover by power supply, communication system, electronic system, (one or more) microcontroller,
And sensor integration be one can be easily installed on manhole cover compact low
The encapsulation of power low cost, then providing for sensor can be below manhole cover or the inside
Or the general platform that above manhole cover or outside is run.The inspection shaft of this instrumentation
Purpose be in order to transmit environment near inspection shaft monitored in terms of urgent or
The information of person's time-sensitive.Although preferred embodiment discussed herein contains the prison to sewage
Depending on, but the present invention can also be applied to but be not limited to about the enclosed area comprising critical asset
Territory or can be used for monitors that any supervision of the closed area of this enclosed area external environment condition should
With.We assume that, generally this monitored region is difficult to be powered and be provided wired
Communication.
The present invention will now be described hereinbelow, and with reference to the drawings.Fig. 1 shows described system
The composition of the preferred embodiment of system.Seeing Fig. 1, the main hardware composition of described device is integrated
To a single shell 10, described shell 10 is fixed in and is similar to manhole cover, envelope
The device of closed zone lid, door, window, wall etc following, and described shell 10 includes: tool
There is the capacity of abundance such that it is able to provide the electric energy of at least some months and low-voltage can be passed through
Power converter 14 is digital microcontroller 12 and the Gao Rong of two-way radio module 13 power supply
Amount battery 11 (but this electric energy can also be carried by standard AC line power supply or other power supply
For).Described digital microcontroller 12 connects 15 and two-way radio module 13 by numeral
Communicate.For the COM1 of external sensor of hardware bag 10 or pass through modulus
(A/D) transducer 16 by provide simulation output such as temperature, pressure, chemistry or its
Its variable element sensor 21 provides, or is directly arranged in digital microcontroller 12
On by providing numeral or the range finding of switching signal and position sensor 22 or intrusion alarm sensing
Device 23 provides.Digital microcontroller 12 has for controlling similar valve or actuator
The output port controlling output device of 24 etc.Two-way radio module 13 passes through radio
Ripple 30 (but this communication can also be completed by landline) is via global range or state
Family's radio net of scope or communicate via existing local radio network 40.
This wireless network 40 subsequently by wired or wirelessly with provided by Network Provider
Central server 50 communicate and receive from exterior antenna (this antenna be designed and very close to
The local work of manhole cover metal surface) send the parameter of coming.This central server 50 leads to
Crossing internet connection 60 to communicate with application server computer 70, wherein application server calculates
Machine 70 remain system run data base 81 and including user interface 90 for
Systematic difference logic 82.This user interface includes multiple device or method, including but do not limit
In, pager, mobile phone, individual computed table via e-mail, use wireless connections
Notebook computer, land line phones and Voice & Video alarm.Additionally, one attached
The antenna added can be positioned over manhole cover bottom surface for directly being led to central server by ground
Believe or for the inverted situation of manhole cover.
In an alternate embodiment, data or information from multiple inspection shafts are compiled.This letter
Breath is available is sent to application server computer to by that share, large-scale communication system
The alarm local wireless, wired, infrared ray or the acoustic communication system that adjust partly
System is compiled.This application server computer may be provided for being sent to the police of system user
Report and alarm state can be set up in data base.In turn, system user can confirm that police
Report, the mounted field unit of this alert notification or shell, and can be at application server meter
Calculation machine data base records this confirmation.Data base is accessed to determine system user subsequently to alarm
Response.Additionally, mounted field unit can be by changing as the letter in period in a year
Number sampling between time, from application server computer manual command or to every
A period of time measurement to the observation of physical conditions save the energy content of battery.
To hereinafter give as the preferred embodiments of the present invention being applied to sewer manhole covers
To describe.This embodiment is not limited to the present invention and as just the application of the present invention with make
Illustrative example.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention include two main sensors: can detect inspection shaft
Cover the inclination from the movement of resting position and acceleration (accelerometer) sensor, and be used for
The supersonic range finder of the horizontal plane in detection sewage inspection well.Additionally, Optical devices, connect
Touch switch and magnetic switch may be utilized and detects whether manhole cover is moved or open.Electricity
Source, communication system, electronic system, microcontroller and sensor be all incorporated into one little
In box " shell ", this shell is directly fixed on the bottom of inspection shaft and does not hinder inspection
Look into well lid open or need not enter inspection shaft install.Main being formed in of system
Shown in Fig. 2.Typical manhole cover 100 is made up of iron and steel or cast iron, and if it
Be " traffic be suitable for ", say, that the road vehicles on road can be supported, then
They very weight and also be coarse and include the support blade 120 being positioned at cover bottom.Shell
110 utilize a mounting bracket to be arranged on the bottom of inspection shaft, and described mounting bracket precession checks
Well lid, or be directly installed on manhole cover with screw rod, or utilize traffic to be suitable for asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin
Fat is bonded on manhole cover.Shell 110 be small enough to be examined well rib 120 protect and
It is not extruded or does not stretches from inspection shaft rib.It is exactly antenna that the sole external of shell connects
130, this antenna is attached by the aperture bored on manhole cover.Antenna cable 140 will
Shell 110 is connected to exterior antenna 130, and parameter can be sent to communicator by exterior antenna,
Such as mobile phone, pager, personal digital assistant or PC.
Fig. 3 shows the top view of the preferred diagrammatic layout of the composition of shell 200.Hardware
All compositions are encapsulated in (such as raw by the Hoffman company being positioned at Minnesota State An Nuoka
Produce) NEMA-4 or coarse and can the envelope of greater degree of waterproof and environmental sealing
In filling 210.In figure 3, high-capacity battery 220 is selected as under certain volume maximizing
Amp-hour (A-H) capacity of battery.It is typically available to the electricity of the preferred embodiment of the present invention
Pond is disposable lithium cell.6 volts of such as 10A-H are powered can by existing finished product (such as
DuracellTMThe Duracell of companyTMLithium Model 245) 3 volts of AA of level Four
Parallel connection is constituted by lithium battery.The whole target of shell 200 typical quota amperage is 2 milliamperes
(mA), the set of cells of about 10A-H capacity be enough to as the uninterrupted operation more than 6 months
Energy is provided.Typical alkaline battery is the galvanic element type of a kind of replacement.Although galvanic element
220 is the power supply under a kind of low cost, the selection of small package volume applications, but the present invention is not
It is limited to such power supply.If external communication or DC source are the most desirable, it also may be used
Using as alternative, or rechargeable battery (such as Ni-MH battery) can be used for from
The low current trickle charge of the adapter of similar solaode etc is connected, thus by day
Battery is charged.
High-capacity battery 220 in Fig. 3 is hardware bag by low voltage power converter 260
In digital microprocessor 240 and two-way digital radio module 250 the two source power.Allusion quotation
Type ground, battery 220 is 6 volts, and microprocessor 240 and two-way radio module 250
Work at lower voltages.Running voltage is minimized, and in order to save energy possible
When hardware can enter " sleep " pattern.In a preferred embodiment, microprocessor 240
It is (ParallaxTMCompany) Basic Stamp 2pe, and two-way digital radio module 250
It is (AdvantraTMCompany) Karli ReFlex paging unit.Coaxial connector cable 270
Being connected to Karli unit 250, this adapter leads to the outside being arranged on manhole cover
Antenna.Karli unit 250 has to be measured ambient temperature and is input to the voltage of pager
Ability, be thus provided that the extra sensing capability being reported and stored by the microprocessor.
Low voltage power converter 260, Karli bidirection pager 250 and microprocessor
240 are all arranged on single printed circuit (PC) plate 230.Tilt and acceleration transducer 280
It is equally mounted on this PC plate.Tilting and acceleration transducer 280 serves as switch, it is not
Be (the usual state) opened be exactly Guan Bi (when that sensor being tilted or accelerated).
Tilt and the state of acceleration transducer 280 is examined once for typically each second, but this
Depending on frequency is variable and can be according to concrete application.If tilted and acceleration transducer
The state of 280 is found to be Guan Bi, then signal is sent to wireless by pager 250
The time and date of network and this closure state is stored in microprocessor 240.
Fig. 4 shows the side view of shell 300, and it is similar to Fig. 3 of display top view.
Battery 310 is powered to shell.For the microprocessor 330 on electron plate 320 and bidirection pager
340 and ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor 350 power.Low cost ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor
One example is exactly (ParallaxTMCompany) PING ultrasonic sensor, it provide
Being about the range information of 11 feet on a large scale, this covers the major part of the inspection shaft degree of depth.
Can not adversely affect the performance of ultrasonic sensor 350 waterproof (waterproof) or
Waterproof (water resistant) covers 360 and is placed on before ultrasonic sensor.Greatly
In the most every ten minutes intervals once, ultrasonic sensor 350 is opened and utilizes ultrasound wave
370 adjust the distance measures.If the distance results that must return is different from conventional value, signal passes through
Pager 340 is sent to wireless network.
Fig. 5 shows the antenna being arranged in the embodiment of the present invention on manhole cover 400.Inspection
Look into and on well lid, bored an aperture, and the coaxial cable of the pager being directly connected in shell
410 from manhole cover bottom surface and are connected to low profile strip antenna 420.Stripline antenna
420 by upper from manhole cover of dielectric spacer 430 thick for typically 1mm to 5mm
Show outstanding.Dividing plate, stripline antenna and connecting line are together encased in for by anti-
In the traffic-rated epoxy 440 of that type that emitter pastes road surface.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, radio signal passes through business two-way paging network
Send, it is known that business two-way paging network have MotorolaTMThe ReFLEX that company produces.
ReFLEX network provides safe and stable two-way communication and uses frequency 900
Signal in the range of MHz to 1000MHz.ReFLEX network includes spatially distributed
(geographically distributed) transceiver, its not only by radio with pacify
The field unit communication of dress, and by wired connection and internet communication.This makes from appointing
The communication of the system (such as application server computer) that what internet connects can reliably with
Mounted field unit communicates.ReFLEX procotol is by paging carrier association of the U.S.
(American Association of Paging Carriers) ratifies license.ReFLEX leads to
Letter has wide spatial distribution, generally is favored over honeycomb covering and the advantage of moon low cost.
ReFLEX network need not support mounted field unit and application server computer
Complex software.ReFLEX system is designed to transmit the letter defining specific status information
Clean digital massage, such as safety alarm or the too high water surface.This information can be transmitted and quilt
It is encoded into a byte or the information of two bytes.List has been installed in the labeled unique identification of this information
Primitive encoding is so being not required to further identify.Application server is by a succinct byte or two
Byte information again converts form and becomes a kind of more informationalized message for system user.Ten
Senary " C5 " is likely interpreted as " safety enters alarm ", and has uniquely installed list
Primitive encoding " 345123 " is then likely interpreted as " 5400 blocks of main street ".This knot
The message closed can send in one's hands with text message by Email or short message (SMS)
Machine, pager or by system user monitor based on monitoring control and data acquisition
(SCADA) computer of system.Use ReFLEX network with continuous print, spatially independently
Mode notify that rapidly responsible party is exactly purpose.
Being preferable to carry out of the present invention in the possible configuration of the only present invention and application
In example, communicate according to following as an example rather than for limit mode in a kind of mode
Occur.First, as default setting, each mounted hardware on given manhole cover
Bag sends twice status message to application server computer every day.The purpose of this message is to make
Obtain user and be sure of that the wireless communication system of each mounted hardware bag and support is transported the most well
Go.See Fig. 1, if this does not has from the intended message of mounted shell 10
Occur in time, maintain alarm to be sent to system user from application server computer 70,
Indicate is not just to be in the facility of this point towards this communication network to there is potential problem.
Second purpose of this message is to send nominal operating parameters, includes, but are not limited to this point
Temperature history, the wireless signal level history of this point and cell voltage or input voltage electricity
Flat.Second, system user can send message to mounted hardware bag, essentially asks for
It is sent to the mounted hardware of system user just in properly functioning response.3rd, system is used
Family may require that the data that mounted hardware bag will be stored in microprocessor memory send
Return, these data include but not limited to temperature history, battery level, radio signal level,
Alert type and time and the current state of sensor.4th, system user can be to peace
Dress place send message to change operational factor, described parameter include but not limited to warning threshold,
Report frequency, inquiry sensor frequency, nominal manhole depth, safeguard the ground of message and alarm
Location and the address of mounted field unit.5th, mounted field unit can be based on
Situation above sends, to wireless network, maintenance message or the alert message that oneself produces.Below will
Discuss about safeguarding that message and alarm are the examples how to be sent.
As an example, two kinds of sensors are employed in a preferred embodiment of the invention: be used for
The inclination given a warning manhole cover tilts or removes from resting position when/acceleration passes
The ultrasonic ranging detector of water surface elevation in sensor, and detection inspection shaft.Following program
Be used to illustrate they can also process in a different manner, and following retouching
State and be not used in restriction the scope of the present invention.Fig. 6 A shows that the state according to inclination sensor is sent out
Send flow chart and the logic of alarm.Inclination sensor is a kind of binary device as switch.
When the tilt sensor is at normal conditions, it is opened.When it is tilted or accelerated,
It is Guan Bi.The state of inclination sensor is read 500.If inclination sensor is to open
510, then microcontroller wait one second kind 530 (but any more than microprocessor clock week
The time interval of phase can use) and again read off inclination sensor.Frequency is high enough to
May insure that manhole cover is moved when inclination sensor will capture this state to become
Change.If the result that inclination sensor reads out is the 520 of Guan Bi, then the time of this event
It is recorded in the microcontroller with the date and alarm is sent extremely according to the agreement of agreement in advance
Paging network system thus be sent to system user, this agreement includes such as when illegal entrance
Law enforcement.After one minute, 531 (but this time period can be longer or shorter) tilts to pass
Sensor is read again and program restarts.Fig. 6 B shows according to ultrasonic ranging
The reading of sensor sends the flow chart of alarm.Due to ultrasonic sensor consumed energy, institute
Only the most just open with it.This is shown as 540 in fig. 6b.The most ultrasonic
Wave sensor is opened, and it carries out range operation 550 immediately.At least four kinds of range measurement of existence:
Result is " in the range of " 551, and the meaning is, such as, measures and meets and be stored in microprocessor
In to the desired distance value bottom the inspection shaft not flooded；Result is " low " 552, the meaning
It is distance shorter than expection, indicates and possible flood situation；Or result be " high " 553 or
" maximum magnitude " 554, either way hint ultrasonic sensor does not has properly functioning and needs
Safeguard.In the case of " in the range of " 551, ultrasonic sensor is closed 560 also
Carry out after 10 minutes another measure 570 (but this time period may be greater than micro-process
Any time section of device cycle clock), and program repetition.This is normal and is expection
Situation.In the case of " low " measured value 552, carry out repeated measure 580 thus examined
Look into this " low " measured value and decreased the generation of mistake measurement event.Return if measured
Returning is a low measured value 582, then alarm is sent to net according to the agreement of agreement in advance
Network 590 thus be sent to system user, system user includes but not limited to such as system operator
Pager and mobile phone and the Email of system user.If repeated measure 580 returns
It is " in the range of ", then be assumed by previous measurement and there occurs mistake, ultrasonic sensor
Being closed 560,10 minutes waiting times of nominal repeat 570, and program restarts.
This measurement process repeated can unrestrictedly occur any number of times thus reduce mistake measurement
The water risen of the inspection shaft that the function as the time and may be followed the trail of occurred.Secretly
Show " high " measured value 553 that the most contingent nominal range increases or "
In the case of on a large scale " measured value 554 occurs, safeguard that message is by the agreement according to agreement in advance
Send to network 555 thus be sent to system user.
Although the explanation that aforementioned invention has been carried out by the purpose in order to be aware and understand and
Illustrate and give certain detailed description, it is apparent that those skilled in the art are according to public affairs
This can be changed and revise the essence without departing from required claim by the content opened
God and scope.
Claims (23)
1. a remote sensing system, including:
Support, it is directly installed on the bottom surface of manhole cover；
Shell, it is connected to support, and described shell has the COM1 for sensor,
Monitor with the parameter to described ambient envelope；
At the microcontroller of described enclosure, described microcontroller is for leading to described parameter
Cross numeral and connect the radio module being sent to two-way radio；
Connector cable, it is connected to the radio module of described two-way radio, described company
Connect device cable lead to for described parameter is sent to mobile phone, pager, personal digital assistant or
The exterior antenna of PC；
Supply unit, it is used for powering for described shell；
On manhole cover or outside at least one sensor, for sensing hand over from by street
The one or more ginsengs selected in the group that logical, air quality, ambient parameter or a combination thereof are constituted
Number；With
At least one sensor being positioned in described shell, it is from providing ranging information by being used for
Ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor, the inclination of mobile message that manhole cover is provided or acceleration sensing
The group that device or a combination thereof are constituted selects.
2. a remote sensing system, including:
The directly bottom of precession manhole cover, or utilize traffic-rated epoxy to be bonded in
Mounting bracket on the bottom of manhole cover；
Shell, it has the COM1 for sensor, wherein, at least one sensor
Being positioned in described shell, at least one sensor is connected to COM1, described sensor monitoring
The parameter of described ambient envelope, at least one sensor described is from by for providing ranging information
Ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor, the inclination that the mobile message of manhole cover is provided or acceleration transducer
Or the group that constituted of a combination thereof selects；
Being positioned at the microcontroller of described shell, described microcontroller is for leading to described parameter
Cross numeral and connect the radio module being sent to two-way radio；
Connector cable, it is connected to the radio module of described two-way radio, described company
Connecing device cable and lead to exterior antenna, described exterior antenna is used for described parameter is sent to communication dress
Put and then provide from described manhole cover quickly and communicating reliably to real-time reception device；
It is positioned at the alarm of described shell, when the predetermined threshold of described sensor is exceeded
Time described alarm communicate with described communicator；With
Battery, it is for powering for described shell,
Wherein, described microcontroller is automatically, or in response to external demand and sends oneself generation
Maintenance message.
3. system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said parameter is environment or program parameter.
4. system as claimed in claim 2, wherein from including mobile phone, pager, individual
The group of digital assistants and PC is selected described communicator.
5. system as claimed in claim 2, farther includes central server, is used for connecing
Receive the parameter that sends over from described exterior antenna, described central server with store described ginseng
The application server computer communication of number.
6. system as claimed in claim 5, farther includes to be positioned at described manhole cover
The additional antenna of bottom surface, described additional antenna be used by ground directly with described center
Server communication.
7. system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said shell is not mounted to check
Well lid, and be installed on a device, the group formed from enclosed area lid, door, window and wall
In select described device.
8. system as claimed in claim 2, wherein from horizontal plane sensor, flow sensing
Device, pressure transducer, ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor, gas sensor, humidity sensor, temperature
The group that degree sensor, chemical sensor and optical pickocff are formed selects at least one pass
Sensor.
9. system as claimed in claim 2, at least one of which sensor is to described inspection
Whether well lid is moved monitors, and if described manhole cover moved, then institute
State alarm to be triggered to notify user.
10. system as claimed in claim 9, wherein if there is entering manhole cover
Situation, described alarm issues the user with alarm.
11. systems as claimed in claim 9, wherein said shell is assembled in existing inspection
Look on well lid.
12. systems as claimed in claim 9, farther include the output on microcontroller
Port, in order to control output device.
13. systems as claimed in claim 12, are wherein formed from valve and actuator
Group in select described output device.
14. systems as claimed in claim 9, farther include rangefinder detector, are used for
Measure the height of water in described inspection shaft.
15. systems as claimed in claim 14, if the detection of the most described rangefinder detector
The height of the described water in described inspection shaft is higher than a predeterminated level, then alarm is sent to
User informs the user that may have at described manhole cover and topples over.
16. systems as claimed in claim 15, wherein said predeterminated level is arranged on described
In microcontroller.
17. systems as claimed in claim 2, wherein said microcontroller uses and defines work
The instruction set making state programs, and from initial testing mode, field installation mode, normal
Mode of operation, change report frequency, change sample frequency, return historical data mode, reset
Historical data mode, change location text string, change warning destination address string, the communication that resets are led to
Road, enable warning, disabling warning and send a message to the group that system user is formed is selected
Described duty.
18. systems as claimed in claim 2, with institute at least one of which sensor physics
State manhole cover separate and be installed in the wall of described inspection shaft or at the end.
19. systems as claimed in claim 2, also include:
Digital to analog converter, for lead to simulation external sensor by least one COM1
Letter.
20. systems as claimed in claim 2,
Wherein, the radio module of microcontroller, low voltage power converter, two-way radio
And inclination and acceleration transducer are installed on single printed circuit board.
21. systems as claimed in claim 2, this system includes:
Rangefinder detector, is used for measuring the height of the water in described inspection shaft, and described range finding detects
Device provides at the measurement result of " in the range of ", the measurement result of " low ", " high "
Measurement result and the measurement result of " maximum magnitude ".
22. 1 kinds of remote sensing systems, including:
Support, it is arranged on the bottom surface of manhole cover；
Being connected to the shell of support, described shell has the COM1 for sensor, wherein
At least one sensor is positioned in shell, the parameter of ambient envelope described in described sensor monitoring,
At least one sensor described is from by for providing the ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor of ranging information, carrying
In the group that the inclination of the mobile message of confession manhole cover or acceleration transducer or a combination thereof are constituted
Select；
Being positioned at the microcontroller of described shell, described microcontroller is for passing through described parameter
Numeral connects the radio module being sent to two-way radio；
Connector cable, it is connected to the radio module of described two-way radio, described connection
Device cable leads to exterior antenna, and described exterior antenna is used for described parameter is sent to communicator
And then provide from described manhole cover quickly and communicating reliably to real-time reception device；
It is positioned at the alarm of described shell, when the predetermined threshold of described sensor is exceeded
Wait described alarm to communicate with described communicator；
Battery, it is used for powering for described shell；With
It is in the inclination sensor of the first state under normal conditions, wherein
If described inclination sensor is read in said first condition, the most described microcontroller
Wait the time interval of the clock cycle more than microprocessor, again read off described inclination subsequently and pass
Sensor, and
If described inclination sensor is read in the second condition, it is determined that first sensed
State is the most varied, thus described alarm communicates with described communicator, and described
Inclination sensor is again read off and the working procedure of described inclination sensor restarts.
23. remote sensing systems as claimed in claim 22, wherein
Described battery is solaode.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/134,691 | 2005-05-20 | ||
| US11/134,691 US7292143B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2005-05-20 | Remote sensing and communication system |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006800172092A Division CN101208727A (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2006-05-19 | A remote sensing and communication system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103035101A CN103035101A (en) | 2013-04-10 |
| CN103035101B true CN103035101B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
Family
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Address after: California, USA Applicant after: Hadronex, Inc. Address before: California, USA Applicant before: HADRONEX, LLC |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20161130 |