CN103020766B - Photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning for photovoltaic generating system - Google Patents

Photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning for photovoltaic generating system Download PDF

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CN103020766B
CN103020766B CN201210529753.2A CN201210529753A CN103020766B CN 103020766 B CN103020766 B CN 103020766B CN 201210529753 A CN201210529753 A CN 201210529753A CN 103020766 B CN103020766 B CN 103020766B
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photovoltaic
coefficient
correction factor
generating system
power generation
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CN103020766A (en
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龚春景
冯云岗
黄乾
蒋浩
赵大乐
徐何君
程超峰
曹慧花
汤在勤
沈斌
何晖
林勇锋
赵希辉
周晓青
刘志豪
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STATE GRID XINYUAN ZHANGJIAKOU SCENERY STORAGE DEMONSTRATION POWER PLANT CO Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Shanghai Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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STATE GRID XINYUAN ZHANGJIAKOU SCENERY STORAGE DEMONSTRATION POWER PLANT CO Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Shanghai Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications

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Abstract

The invention provides a kind of photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning for photovoltaic generating system, comprise the steps: that (a) obtains the estimation generated energy of photovoltaic generating system, H according to formulaAFor the total irradiation of horizontal plane solar energy;Es is the intensity of sunshine under standard state;PAZInstalled capacity for photovoltaic system;K is overall efficiency coefficient, and overall efficiency coefficient includes: component type correction factor;The inclination angle of photovoltaic arrays and azimuth correction factor;Photovoltaic generating system availability coefficient;Illumination range of value;Inverter efficiency coefficient;Collection electric line and booster transformer loss correction coefficient;Photovoltaic module surface contamination correction factor;And photovoltaic module conversion efficiency correction factor;And (b) is according to estimating generated energy, adjusts the actual power generation of photovoltaic generating system.According to photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning of the present invention, determine overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K to considering according to whole photovoltaic generating system, therefore obtain overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K more accurately.

Description

Photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning for photovoltaic generating system
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic generating system, particularly for the photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning of photovoltaic generating system.
Background technology
Solar photovoltaic technology becomes a study hotspot in renewable energy power generation field, the world today.Not Coming, the large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system of China is by sustained and rapid development.
Solar energy power generating has undulatory property and intermittence, and large-scale photovoltaic power station is incorporated into the power networks can affect power system Safe and stable, economic operation.The average year online generated energy calculating photovoltaic plant contributes to dispatching of power netwoks department pool peace Row's normal power supplies and the cooperation of photovoltaic generation, in time adjust operation plan.
But China is the weakest to the research of the average year online generated energy computational methods of photovoltaic plant at present, almost without The method that can meet actual solar energy power generating amount forecast demand.
In prior art, photo-voltaic power generation station annual electricity volume Ep is calculated as follows:
E p = H A × P A Z × 10 3 E s × K = H A × P A Z × K
In formula: HAHorizontal plane solar energy total irradiation (kWh/m2, with meteorological standard observation data consistent);
Intensity of sunshine under Es standard state, equal to 1000W/m2
PAZ--the installed capacity of photovoltaic system, is the summation of solar components standard output power, kWp in photovoltaic system.
K is overall efficiency coefficient.
In above-mentioned formula, A, HA、Es、PAZFor known initial conditions, overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K then needs to send out according to whole photovoltaic Electricity system considers and determines.Every point of coefficient view of composition overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K is differed, even by industry now There is not the precedent of practicality.
Thus, industry needs a kind of rule to the photovoltaic power generation quantity that every point of coefficient of overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K is determined The method of drawing.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, it is desirable to provide the planing method of a kind of accurate photovoltaic power generation quantity.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning for photovoltaic generating system, including such as Lower step: (a) is according to formula
E p = H A × P A Z × 10 3 E s × K = H A × P A Z × K
Obtain the estimation generated energy of described photovoltaic generating system,
Wherein, HAFor the total irradiation of horizontal plane solar energy;Es is the intensity of sunshine under standard state, equal to 1000W/m2; PAZInstalled capacity for photovoltaic system;
K is overall efficiency coefficient, and described overall efficiency coefficient includes: component type correction factor;The inclination angle of photovoltaic arrays With azimuth correction factor;Photovoltaic generating system availability coefficient;Illumination range of value;Inverter efficiency coefficient;Collection electric wire Road and booster transformer loss correction coefficient;Photovoltaic module surface contamination correction factor;And photovoltaic module conversion efficiency correction system Number;And (b) is according to described estimation generated energy, adjusts the actual power generation of described photovoltaic generating system;Described inverter efficiency system Number so determines, i.e. combines the situation at sunshine of CHINESE REGION, determines shared by the inverter rated input power of different weight percentage Weight.
In some embodiments, described component type correction factor includes: crystalline silicon correction factor and non-crystalline silicon correction factor.
In some embodiments, the inclination angle of described photovoltaic arrays and azimuth correction factor are by spoke on optimum angle of incidence and inclined plane Penetrate and measure.
In some embodiments, described optimum angle of incidence is, carries out the value of solar radiation amount corresponding under multiple predetermined inclination Fitting of a polynomial, taking peak of curve is the amount of radiation under optimum angle of incidence, the inclination angle that peak value is corresponding.
In some embodiments, described weight be the peak power output of solaode be inverter rated input power 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 100% time, inverter static is followed the tracks of efficiency or conversion efficiency and is represented in 1 year about There is the weighted average of the coefficient X/100 that the time inverter of X% runs under this efficiency.
In some embodiments, described photovoltaic module conversion efficiency correction factor includes proportionality coefficient, described proportionality coefficient by Being calculated, computing formula is that surface temperature is directly proportional to-3/10 power of wind speed and determines.
In some embodiments, the computing formula of described photovoltaic module conversion efficiency correction factor is: Ts=Tc+G*(Tb- 20)/800+K*w-0.3
According to photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning of the present invention, determine considering according to whole photovoltaic generating system Overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K, therefore obtains overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K more accurately.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is illustrated by way of example the description of present subject matter, to understand other aspects of the present invention and excellent Point.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In conjunction with accompanying drawing, by detailed description below, the above-mentioned and other feature of the present invention and excellent can be more clearly understood that Point, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for planning according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the correction of amount of radiation in optimum angle of incidence and inclined plane;
Fig. 3 is the calculation flow chart of overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K;
Fig. 4 is to throw the monthly average radiation in the inclined-plane to equator inclination.
Detailed description of the invention
See the accompanying drawing of the specific embodiment of the invention, the present invention is described in more detail.But, the present invention can be with Many multi-forms realize, and should not be construed as the embodiment by herein proposing and limited.On the contrary, proposing these embodiments is In order to reach fully and complete disclosure, and those skilled in the art are made to understand the scope of the present invention completely.
Description describes embodiments of the invention in detail.
As it is shown in figure 1, in the photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning for photovoltaic generating system according to embodiments of the present invention, In step S101, according to formula:
E p = H A × P A Z × 10 3 E s × K = H A × P A Z × K
Obtain the estimation generated energy of described photovoltaic generating system.In described formula, HAFor the total irradiation of horizontal plane solar energy; Es is the intensity of sunshine under standard state, equal to 1000W/m2;PAZInstalled capacity for photovoltaic system.Above-mentioned parameter system industry is normal See parameter, do not repeat them here.
Described K is overall efficiency coefficient, and in the present embodiment, described overall efficiency coefficient includes: component type correction factor; The inclination angle of photovoltaic arrays and azimuth correction factor;Photovoltaic generating system availability coefficient;Illumination range of value;Inverter is imitated Rate coefficient;Collection electric line and booster transformer loss correction coefficient;Photovoltaic module surface contamination correction factor;And photovoltaic module turns Change Efficiency correction coefficient.
Hereinafter with reference to Fig. 3 in detail overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K is described in detail.
Overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K includes assembly adjusted coefficient K1, it includes that the corresponding crystalline silicon of crystalline silicon component characteristic is repaiied Positive coefficient and the non-crystalline silicon correction factor corresponding with amorphous silicon module characteristic.In the present embodiment, crystalline silicon correction factor is 1.0, and non-crystalline silicon correction factor is 1.02.But, the invention is not restricted to this design parameter, if assembly adjusted coefficient K1Simultaneously Consider crystalline silicon correction factor and and non-crystalline silicon correction factor.
Overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K includes inclination correction COEFFICIENT K2.Existing calculating photovoltaic module is at local optimum angle of incidence and is somebody's turn to do Amount of radiation calculating in inclined plane is mostly based on Retscreen and " solar energy resources appraisal procedure (QXT 89-2008) " is given Formula, wherein retscreen is external software for calculation, and " solar energy resources appraisal procedure (QXT 89-2008) " calculates needs Owner provides the most detailed solar radiation data, and is calculated value.
Inclination correction COEFFICIENT K of the present invention2Consider amount of radiation in optimum angle of incidence and inclined plane.As indicated at 3, can be to klein Formula calculated value is modified, and public data only need to be utilized to calculate.In the present embodiment, described public data is The value of corresponding solar radiation amount under each month can found on NASA (NASA) official website 5 different angle.Institute State shown in public data chart as shown in Figure 4.In the present embodiment, utilize 0~90 degree of these five data as open number According to calculating.
According to the definition of optimum angle of incidence, data with existing being carried out fitting of a polynomial, taking peak of curve is under optimum angle of incidence Amount of radiation, the inclination angle that peak value is corresponding is optimum angle of incidence.The method is simple, effectively, the most consistent with theoretical value technology.Due to NASA Data Source is measured value, so can verify general theoretical value or revise.
Should be understood that described public data is not limited to this, but can be the value of any available solar radiation amount.
Overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K includes photovoltaic generating system availability COEFFICIENT K3.Photovoltaic generating system availability COEFFICIENT K3For light The Common Parameters of photovoltaic generating system, the general fault considering photovoltaic generating system and maintenance and determine.In the present embodiment, photovoltaic is sent out Electricity system availability COEFFICIENT K3Obtained by availability formula.Should be understood that described photovoltaic generating system availability COEFFICIENT K3It is not limited to This, but can be any practical value.
Overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K includes illumination range of value K4.Illumination range of value K4Commonly using for photovoltaic generating system Parameter, it determines according to the concrete application of photovoltaic generating system.In the present embodiment, illumination range of value K4It is 0.99.Should Understand, described photovoltaic generating system availability COEFFICIENT K3It is not limited to this, but can be any practical value.
Overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K includes inverter efficiency COEFFICIENT K5.In prior art, simply take in inverter producer data to The inverter European efficiency value gone out.But, this efficiency value is European efficiency, has with the solar radiation intensity distributions in Europe Close, but be not inconsistent with China situation.
The authentication techniques specification CN CA/CTS0004 2009 " 400V that the present invention formulates according to Beijing Jian Heng authentication center Following grid-connected photovoltaic special inverter technical conditions and test method ", CENELEC's tailor standard EN 50530 " Overall Efficiency ofGrid ConnectedPhotovoltaic linverter ", and combine China ground The situation at sunshine in district, determines the weight shared by inverter rated input power of different weight percentage.
In the present embodiment, the peak power output at solaode is the 5% of inverter rated input power, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 100% time, inverter static follow the tracks of efficiency or conversion efficiency with represent 1 year there are about X% time Between the weighted average of coefficient X/100 run under this efficiency of inverter.
When the present embodiment uses the way analog solar inverter operation in a year under field conditions (factors) of efficiency weighting Effect, it is possible to reflect the efficiency of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter the most exactly.
Should be understood that described inverter efficiency COEFFICIENT K5It is not limited to this, but can be any practical value.
Overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K includes collecting electric line and booster transformer loss correction COEFFICIENT K6.Collection electric line and liter buckling Depressor loss correction COEFFICIENT K6For the Common Parameters of photovoltaic generating system, general consideration direct current infringement and A.C.power loss.This enforcement In example, collection electric line and booster transformer loss correction COEFFICIENT K6Determine according to the concrete application of photovoltaic generating system.Ying Li Solve, described collection electric line and booster transformer loss correction COEFFICIENT K6It is not limited to this, but can be any practical value.
Overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K includes photovoltaic module surface contamination adjusted coefficient K7.Photovoltaic module surface contamination adjusted coefficient K7 Common Parameters for photovoltaic generating system.In the present embodiment, photovoltaic module surface contamination adjusted coefficient K7According to photovoltaic generation system That unites specifically applies and determines, its photovoltaic module surface contamination adjusted coefficient K7It is 0.98.Should be understood that described photovoltaic module surface Pollute adjusted coefficient K7It is not limited to this, but can be any practical value.
Overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K includes assembly temperature adjusted coefficient K8.Output power of photovoltaic module is by assembly surface temperature shadow Ring, typically utilize NOCT (operating temperature ratings of assembly): Ts=Tc+G*(Tb-20)/800, assembly surface temperature can be calculated, Thus draw assembly temperature correction factor.
But, the restricted condition of this formula:
1. when wind speed is when 1 ± 0.75m/s is outer, and this formula is the most applicable, needs to consider and TcThe shadow of corresponding moment wind speed Ring and revise;(foundation: the Crystalline Silicon PV Module design of GB-T 9535-1998 ground is identified and type).
The most only when irradiation intensity >=400W/ time, assembly junction temperature is just directly proportional to irradiation intensity, and inverter is at spoke According to intensity > 200W/ time just start, need to consider that this part-time affects ratio.
At wind speed in the case of 1+-0.25, illumination 400w/, formula Ts=Tc+G* (Tb-20)/800 is the most applicable; Deriving through theoretical formula ,-0.3 power of Ts and wind speed V is proportional, but COEFFICIENT K needs to combine variant area wind speed and day Adjust according to radiant intensity real data.
The present invention collects service data from multiple built photovoltaic plants and combines heat transfer principle, draw temperature t and wind speed- 3/10 this side is directly proportional, and by lineal relevant formula, draws proportionality coefficient, thus solves that wind speed is relatively big, irradiation intensity The correction of [200,400] W/ assembly surface temperature, obtains computing formula: Ts=Tc+G*(Tb-20)/800+K*w-0.3
Should be understood that described assembly temperature adjusted coefficient K8It is not limited to this, but can be any practical value.
In step S103, according to described estimation generated energy, adjust the actual power generation of described photovoltaic generating system.
Present invention have the advantage that
(1) according to photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning of the present invention, to considering according to whole photovoltaic generating system and Determine overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K, therefore obtain overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K more accurately;
(2) according to photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning of the present invention, it is proposed that about the correction factor of amorphous silicon module, therefore may be used To obtain assembly correction factor more accurately;
(3) according to photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning of the present invention, can be modified with klein formula calculated value, and Only need to utilize public data, according to the definition of optimum angle of incidence, data with existing be carried out fitting of a polynomial, it is optimal for taking peak of curve Amount of radiation under inclination angle, the inclination angle that peak value is corresponding is optimum angle of incidence.The method is simple, effectively, with theoretical value technology almost Cause.Owing to NASA Data Source is measured value, so general theoretical value can be verified or revise;
(4) according to photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning of the present invention, collect service data from multiple built photovoltaic plants and combine biography Calorifics principle, show that temperature t is directly proportional to-3/10 this side of wind speed, and by lineal relevant formula, draws proportionality coefficient, from And solve that wind speed is relatively big, the correction of irradiation intensity [200,400] W/ assembly surface temperature.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art without Need creative work just can make many modifications and variations according to the design of the present invention.All technical staff in the art depend on The design of the present invention is on the basis of existing technology by the available technical side of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment Case, all should be in the protection domain being defined in the patent claims.

Claims (4)

1., for a photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning for photovoltaic generating system, comprise the steps:
A () is according to formula
E p = H A × P A Z × 10 3 E s × K = H A × P A Z × K
Obtain the estimation generated energy of described photovoltaic generating system,
Wherein, HAFor the total irradiation of horizontal plane solar energy;
Es is the intensity of sunshine under standard state, equal to 1000W/m2
PAZInstalled capacity for photovoltaic system;
K is overall efficiency coefficient, and wherein, described overall efficiency coefficient includes:
Component type correction factor;The inclination angle of photovoltaic arrays and azimuth correction factor;Photovoltaic generating system availability coefficient;Light According to range of value;Inverter efficiency coefficient;Collection electric line and booster transformer loss correction coefficient;Photovoltaic module surface contamination Correction factor;And photovoltaic module conversion efficiency correction factor;And
B (), according to described estimation generated energy, adjusts the actual power generation of described photovoltaic generating system;
Described inverter efficiency coefficient so determines, i.e. combines the situation at sunshine of CHINESE REGION, determines the inversion of different weight percentage Weight shared by device rated input power;
Described weight be the peak power output of solaode be the 5% of described inverter rated input power, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 100% time, inverter static follow the tracks of efficiency or conversion efficiency with represent 1 year there are about X% time Between the weighted average of coefficient X/100 run under this efficiency of inverter.
2. photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described component type correction factor bag Include: crystalline silicon correction factor and non-crystalline silicon correction factor.
3. photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the inclination angle of described photovoltaic arrays and orientation Angle correction factor is obtained by amount of radiation on optimum angle of incidence and inclined plane.
4. photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described optimum angle of incidence is, to multiple pre- Under constant inclination angle, the value of corresponding solar radiation amount carries out fitting of a polynomial, and taking peak of curve is the amount of radiation under optimum angle of incidence, peak The inclination angle that value is corresponding.
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