CN102983492B - Saturated absorption Doppler broadening spectral line device - Google Patents
Saturated absorption Doppler broadening spectral line device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102983492B CN102983492B CN201210517745.6A CN201210517745A CN102983492B CN 102983492 B CN102983492 B CN 102983492B CN 201210517745 A CN201210517745 A CN 201210517745A CN 102983492 B CN102983492 B CN 102983492B
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Abstract
A saturated absorption Doppler broadening spectral line device comprises a Lambda/2 wave plate, a first polarization beam splitter, a first total reflection mirror, a second total reflection mirror, a third total reflection mirror, a second polarization beam splitter, a Lambda/4 wave plate, a sample reservoir and a detector. According to the saturated absorption Doppler broadening spectral line device provided by the invention, the light beams of pump light and detection light completely coincide to obtain a higher signal to noise ratio; the spatial scale of the whole system is only limited by the size of an optical device and the sample reservoir, an optical path is more compactly and flexibly arranged, so that people can observe a precise level-structure spectral line of an atom or molecule.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser, a kind of saturated absorption for frequency discrimination source accurate, stable in laser frequency stabilization system Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum.
Background technology
At room temperature, because the speed of the warm-up movement of atom and molecule is very high, so Doppler widens the main mechanism becoming spectral line broadening, make us can not obtain reflecting the spectral line of its fine-structure levels structure.
The saturated absorption Doppler that disappears adds wide range, makes us can observe the spectral line of the fine-structure levels structure of atom and molecule, enables us to carry out more deep understanding to the structure of atom and molecule.In laser frequency stabilization system, Hyperfine level structure spectral line, stable by conduct, accurate frequency source, is widely used.Device that Doppler adds wide spectrum is commercially sold to have had at present special commercial acquisition saturated absorption to disappear, and along with the development of science and technology, this device will have more and more wider application, increasing demand.
In order to eliminate Doppler's saturated absorption background, need, with the stronger pump light of a branch of light intensity, make the atom and molecule in sample be in excitation state, produce saturation effect; The interactional weak detection light of a branch of sample with being in excitation state; And another restraints the detection light identical with detection light light intensity magnitude by identical sample, as reference light.This two bundle, by the detection light of sample and reference light light intensity signal, is detected device (subtracter or to pipe) and receives, be converted to voltage signal, subtract each other, like this we just can to obtain a lower edge smooth, multiple sharp peak, saturated absorption disappears the spectral line that Doppler widens.
Traditional with the light path system of thick lens beam splitter traditional triangular structure that is main components, the spectral line comprising Hyperfine level structure not having Doppler's background can be obtained, but there is following shortcoming:
The first, take up room larger.In order to obtain the signal of high s/n ratio, what we needed to make pump light to try one's best with detection light coincides together, but is limited to the light channel structure of triangle, and this just needs very little of the angle between pump light and detection light, therefore needs larger space.
The second, the signal to noise ratio of signal is not high.Pump light can not overlap, so have sizable a part of atom not by pumping or be not detected completely with detection light.
3rd, the distance of detection light and reference light is fixed, and can not at will regulate.The thickness of thick lens beam splitter is determined, the change easily that this distance just determined between detection light and reference light can not be careless.
4th, the intensity balancing between reference light and detection light is not easy to regulate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of saturated absorption Doppler that disappears to add the device of wide spectrum, it is compacter, flexible that this device has light path arrangement, makes us can observe the spectral line of the fine-structure levels structure of atom and molecule.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of saturated absorption Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum.
A kind of saturated absorption Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum, feature is that this device comprises λ/2 wave plate, the first polarization beam splitter prism, the first completely reflecting mirror, the second completely reflecting mirror, the 3rd completely reflecting mirror, one dimension displacement platform, the second polarization beam splitter prism, λ/4 wave plate, sample cell and detector, and the position relationship of above-mentioned each component is as follows:
Described detector comprises the first photodetector, the second photodetector and a subtracter, and the output of the first photodetector and the second photodetector exports through described subtracter; The second described completely reflecting mirror is placed on described one dimension displacement platform, to change the spacing between detection light and reference light;
Laser direction along incident linear polarization is λ/2 wave plate successively, first polarization beam splitter prism, sample cell, λ/4 wave plate, second polarization beam splitter prism and the 3rd completely reflecting mirror, the 3rd described completely reflecting mirror is vertical with incident light direction, the linearly polarized light of described incidence is divided into transmitted light and reverberation through the first polarization beam splitter prism, be called pump light and reference light, described pump light is through described sample cell, vertically be incident on the 3rd described completely reflecting mirror after λ/4 wave plate and the second polarization beam splitter prism, after the 3rd completely reflecting mirror reflection, return as detection light along former road, through the second described polarization beam splitter prism, λ/4 wave plate, sample cell and the reflection of the first polarization beam splitter prism enter the first photodetector of described detector,
First completely reflecting mirror at 45 ° with light path and the second completely reflecting mirror is set gradually in the reference light direction of the first described polarization beam splitter prism, make described reference light other direction from the second described polarization beam splitter prism after the first completely reflecting mirror and the reflection of the second completely reflecting mirror, namely vertical with described pump light direction enters the second described polarization beam splitter prism, and this reference light enters the second photodetector of described detector after the second polarization beam splitter prism reflection after the reflection of described λ/4 wave plate, sample cell and the first polarization beam splitter prism;
Through the detection light of the first photodetector detection with export after described subtracter subtracts each other after the light signal of reference light of the second photodetector detection converts voltage signal respectively to, obtain the saturated absorption Doppler that disappears and add the signal of telecommunication of wide spectrum.
Described λ/2 wave plate has rotation governor motion, to regulate the light intensity of detection light and reference light.
Described λ/4 wave plate has rotation governor motion, to regulate the light intensity of detection light and reference light.
Technique effect of the present invention is as follows:
The saturated absorption of the present invention Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum, overcomes some shortcomings traditionally, has some advantage following:
The first, take up room less.Because pump light can overlap completely with detection light, so whole system is only subject to the impact of the components and parts such as eyeglass substantially, the angle problem detecting light and pump light coincidence need not be considered again.
The second, signal to noise ratio is higher.Because pump light can overlap substantially completely with detection light, so their overlapped regions are wider, thus better signal can be obtained.
3rd, the distance between detection light path and pumping light path can change flexibly, no longer by the restriction of thick lens beam splitter.
4th, the intensity balancing between reference light and detection light is more prone to regulate.As long as rotate λ/2 wave plate 1 or λ/4 wave plate 8, just can regulate the light intensity of detection light below and reference light easily, thus obtain the spectral line that smooth, the sharp keen Doppler that disappears widens.
5th, the little advantage that square light path system takes up space, is beneficial to integrated, utilizes femtosecond micro-processing technology, likely whole system is integrated in a chip top (Opt.Lett.28,1144-1146 (2003) in the future.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the saturated absorption of the present invention Doppler that disappears adds the schematic diagram of a device embodiment of wide spectrum.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further, but should not limit the scope of the invention with this.
First refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is that the saturated absorption of the present invention Doppler that disappears adds the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the device of wide spectrum.As seen from the figure, the saturated absorption of the present invention Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum, comprise λ/2 wave plate 1, first polarization beam splitter prism 2, first completely reflecting mirror 3, second completely reflecting mirror 4, the 3rd completely reflecting mirror 6, one dimension displacement platform 5, second polarization beam splitter prism 7, λ/4 wave plate 8, sample cell 9 and detector 10, the position relationship of above-mentioned each component is as follows:
Described detector 10 comprises the first photodetector, the second photodetector and a subtracter, and the output of the first photodetector and the second photodetector exports through described subtracter; The second described completely reflecting mirror 4 is placed on described one dimension displacement platform 5, to change the spacing between detection light and reference light;
Laser direction along incident linear polarization is λ/2 wave plate 1 successively, first polarization beam splitter prism 2, sample cell 9, λ/4 wave plate 8, second polarization beam splitter prism 7 and the 3rd completely reflecting mirror 6, the 3rd described completely reflecting mirror 6 is vertical with incident light direction, the linearly polarized light of described incidence is divided into transmitted light and reverberation through the first polarization beam splitter prism 2, be called pump light and reference light, described pump light is through described sample cell 9, vertically be incident on the 3rd described completely reflecting mirror 6 after λ/4 wave plate 8 and the second polarization beam splitter prism 7, after the 3rd completely reflecting mirror 6 reflects, return as detection light along former road, through the second described polarization beam splitter prism 7, λ/4 wave plate 8, sample cell 9 and the reflection of the first polarization beam splitter prism 2 enter the first photodetector of described detector 10,
The light path of the reference light of the first described polarization beam splitter prism 2 sets gradually first completely reflecting mirror 3 and second completely reflecting mirror 4 at 45 ° with light path, make described reference light other direction from the second described polarization beam splitter prism 7 after the first completely reflecting mirror 3 and the reflection of the second completely reflecting mirror 4, namely vertical with described pump light direction enters the second described polarization beam splitter prism 7, this reference light through second polarization beam splitter prism 7 reflect after through described λ/4 wave plate 8, the second photodetector of described detector 10 is entered after sample cell 9 and the first polarization beam splitter prism 2 reflect,
Through the detection light of the first photodetector detection with export after described subtracter subtracts each other after the light signal of reference light of the second photodetector detection converts voltage signal respectively to, obtain the saturated absorption Doppler that disappears and add the signal of telecommunication of wide spectrum.
Described λ/2 wave plate 1 has rotation governor motion, to regulate the light intensity of pump light and reference light.
Described λ/4 wave plate 8 has rotation governor motion, to regulate the light intensity of detection light and reference light.
Should note when install and adjust light path:
1. first ensure that laser beam is propagated along straight line, place λ/2 wave plate 1, then the first polarization beam splitter prism 2 is placed, light beam is made to be divided into the vertical light beam of two bundles, and make the not too close center of light beam passed through, near keeping to the side a little, the adjustable range between two bundle detection light can be made like this to allow some leeway.
2. 45 degree of completely reflecting mirrors 3 are installed, make the light beam of reflection and the direction of propagation Shu Pinghang of P light, become 90 degree with incident light.
3. be fixed on 45 degree of completely reflecting mirrors 4 above one dimension direct acting platform 5, make reverberation become 90 degree with incident light.
4. place the second polarization beam splitter prism (PBS) 7, P light and S light are separated, gets to the Liang Ge edge of PBS, this also needs to ensure certain adjustment surplus.
5. place 0 degree of completely reflecting mirror 6 below at the second polarization beam splitter prism (PBS) 7, must note making incident light and reverberation keep overlapping, can ensure that incident light and reverberation are completely parallel with aperture.
6. between sample cell and the second polarization beam splitter prism (PBS) 7, insert λ/4 wave plate 8.Regulate one dimension direct acting platform 5, make detection light and reference light incide in detector 10; λ/2 wave plate 1 and λ/4 wave plate 8 is regulated to make the intensity balancing incided in detector.
7. insert testing sample 9, regulate λ/4 wave plate 8, obtain sharp-pointed, to disappear Doppler's spectral line along smooth saturated absorption down.
A branch of linearly polarized laser incides the first polarization beam splitter prism 2, light beam will be made to be divided into two-beam: the transmitted light propagated along former direction, is called pump light and propagates into the reverberation of 90 degree of angles with the original direction of propagation, be called reference light; Simultaneously by λ/2 wave plate 1 described in rotation, can change the light intensity magnitude of pump light and reference light, here we select the light intensity of pump light to be greater than the light intensity of reference light.By the intensity balancing regulating described λ/2 wave plate 1 just can regulate reference light and detection light.
Described pump light enters in sample cell 9, and the molecule of sample or atom are all energized into excited level, makes it to produce saturation effect.
Described pump light is by after sample cell 9, incide above λ/4 wave plate 8, the pump light of light intensity decreasing is then through the second polarization beam splitter prism 7, be divided into P light and S light again, then P light through the second polarization beam splitter prism 7 reflected by the 3rd former road of completely reflecting mirror 6, is called detection light.Such detection light path and pumping light path achieve and overlap completely in very short distance.This bundle detection light is again through λ/4 wave plate 8, and after sample cell 9, reflected again by the first polarization beam splitter prism 2, this detection light, as input signal, enters the first photodetector of detector 10.Here rotate λ/4 wave plate 8, the light intensity magnitude of the detection light incided in detector 10 can be regulated.
Described reference light, reflect through two piece of first completely reflecting mirror 3 and the second completely reflecting mirror 4, enter the second polarization beam splitter prism 7, after the second polarization beam splitter prism 7 reflects, the direction of propagation is changed 90 degree, through λ/4 wave plate 8, through sample cell 9, carry the signal that Doppler widens, return the first polarization beam splitter prism 2, be divided into P light and S light again, wherein the direction of propagation changes the S light (reference light) of 90 degree as input signal, enters the second photodetector of detector 10.In this process, the second completely reflecting mirror 4 above the direct acting platform 5 that can move forward and backward, to change the distance between reference light and detection light.Change λ/4 wave plate 8 simultaneously, the light intensity magnitude of the reference light incided in detector 10 can be regulated.
The light intensity magnitude of the reference light and detection light that incide detector 10 is detected the first photoelectric tube in device 10 and the detection of the second photoelectric tube and is converted to voltage signal and subtracts each other through subtracter, is exactly that saturated absorption disappears the spectral line voltage signal that Doppler widens the voltage signal after this subtracts each other.If deliver in oscilloscope, along smooth under just can seeing one, multiple sharp peak, saturated absorption disappears the spectrum shape that Doppler widens.
The factor of comprehensive above each side can be found out, this novel saturated absorption Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum, overcomes some shortcomings traditionally, has some advantage following:
The first, take up room less.Because pump light can overlap completely with detection light, so whole system is only subject to the impact of the components and parts such as eyeglass substantially, the angle problem detecting light and pump light coincidence need not be considered again.
The second, signal to noise ratio is higher.Because pump light can overlap substantially completely with detection light, so their overlapped regions are wider, thus better signal can be obtained.
3rd, the distance between detection light path and pumping light path can change flexibly, no longer by the restriction of thick lens beam splitter.
4th, the intensity balancing between reference light and detection light is more prone to regulate.As long as rotate λ/2 wave plate 1 or λ/4 wave plate 8, just can regulate the light intensity of detection light below and reference light easily, thus acquisition lower edge smooth, spectral line that the sharp keen Doppler that disappears widens.
5th, the little advantage that square light path system takes up space, is beneficial to integrated, utilizes femtosecond micro-processing technology, likely whole system is integrated in a chip top in the future.
Claims (3)
1. the saturated absorption Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum, this device comprises λ/2 wave plate (1), the first polarization beam splitter prism (2), the first completely reflecting mirror (3), the second completely reflecting mirror (4), one dimension displacement platform (5), the 3rd completely reflecting mirror (6), the second polarization beam splitter prism (7), λ/4 wave plate (8), sample cell (9) and detector (10), it is characterized in that, the position relationship of above-mentioned each component is as follows:
Described detector (10) comprises the first photodetector, the second photodetector and a subtracter, and the output of the first photodetector and the second photodetector exports through described subtracter; Described the second completely reflecting mirror (4) is placed on described one dimension displacement platform (5), to change the spacing between detection light and reference light;
Laser direction along incident linear polarization is λ/2 wave plate (1) successively, first polarization beam splitter prism (2), sample cell (9), λ/4 wave plate (8), second polarization beam splitter prism (7) and the 3rd completely reflecting mirror (6), the 3rd described completely reflecting mirror (6) is vertical with incident light direction, the linearly polarized light of described incidence is divided into transmitted light and reverberation through the first polarization beam splitter prism (2), be called pump light and reference light, described pump light is through described sample cell (9), vertically be incident on the 3rd described completely reflecting mirror (6) after λ/4 wave plate (8) and the second polarization beam splitter prism (7), after the 3rd completely reflecting mirror (6) reflection, return as detection light along former road, through described the second polarization beam splitter prism (7), λ/4 wave plate (8), sample cell (9) and the first polarization beam splitter prism (2) reflection enter the first photodetector of described detector (10),
First completely reflecting mirror (3) at 45 ° with light path and the second completely reflecting mirror (4) is set gradually in the reference light direction of described the first polarization beam splitter prism (2), make described reference light other direction from described the second polarization beam splitter prism (7) after the first completely reflecting mirror (3) and the second completely reflecting mirror (4) reflection, namely vertical with described pump light direction enters described the second polarization beam splitter prism (7), this reference light through the second polarization beam splitter prism (7) reflection after through described λ/4 wave plate (8), the second photodetector of described detector (10) is entered after sample cell (9) and the first polarization beam splitter prism (2) reflect,
Through the detection light of the first photodetector detection with export after described subtracter subtracts each other after the light signal of reference light of the second photodetector detection converts voltage signal respectively to, obtain the saturated absorption Doppler that disappears and add the signal of telecommunication of wide spectrum.
2. the saturated absorption according to claim 1 Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum, it is characterized in that described λ/2 wave plate (1) has rotation governor motion, to regulate the light intensity of detection light and reference light.
3. the saturated absorption according to claim 1 Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum, it is characterized in that described λ/4 wave plate (8) has rotation governor motion, to regulate the light intensity of detection light and reference light.
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| CN201210517745.6A CN102983492B (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2012-12-05 | Saturated absorption Doppler broadening spectral line device |
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| CN201210517745.6A CN102983492B (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2012-12-05 | Saturated absorption Doppler broadening spectral line device |
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| CN103760135B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-06-15 | 浙江大学城市学院 | The speed transfer laser spectrum measuring apparatus of V-type level structure atom and method |
| CN105514799A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-04-20 | 北京大学 | Small no-background saturated absorption spectroscopy device and system and control method |
| CN113410754A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-17 | 华东理工大学 | Micro-power-consumption miniaturized saturated absorption spectrum device for semiconductor laser |
| CN115064935B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-07-28 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Laser control device and method for simultaneously realizing frequency stabilization and line width narrowing |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5767971A (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1998-06-16 | Nikon Corporation | Apparatus for measuring refractive index of medium using light, displacement measuring system using the same apparatus, and direction-of-polarization rotating unit |
| EP1225432A2 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2002-07-24 | Ando Electric Co., Ltd. | Wavelength monitor |
| JP2006343287A (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-21 | Yokogawa Electric Corp | Optical properties measuring device |
| CN202002883U (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-10-05 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Minitype saturated absorption spectrum device |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5767971A (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1998-06-16 | Nikon Corporation | Apparatus for measuring refractive index of medium using light, displacement measuring system using the same apparatus, and direction-of-polarization rotating unit |
| EP1225432A2 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2002-07-24 | Ando Electric Co., Ltd. | Wavelength monitor |
| JP2006343287A (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-21 | Yokogawa Electric Corp | Optical properties measuring device |
| CN202002883U (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-10-05 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Minitype saturated absorption spectrum device |
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