CN102891724B - Method and device for detecting antenna number of MIMO-OFDM (Multiple Input Multiple Output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system - Google Patents

Method and device for detecting antenna number of MIMO-OFDM (Multiple Input Multiple Output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system Download PDF

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CN102891724B
CN102891724B CN201210388372.7A CN201210388372A CN102891724B CN 102891724 B CN102891724 B CN 102891724B CN 201210388372 A CN201210388372 A CN 201210388372A CN 102891724 B CN102891724 B CN 102891724B
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mimo
characteristic value
antennas
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ofdm system
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CN102891724A (en
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王健
杨剑锋
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Guangzhou Haige Communication Group Inc Co
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for detecting the antenna number of an MIMO-OFDM (Multiple Input Multiple Output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system. The method comprises the following steps: calculating an autocorrelation matrix of received MIMO-OFDM signals; carrying out eigen-decomposition on the autocorrelation matrix so as to obtain a plurality of eigenvalues; and determining the antenna number of the MIMO-OFDM system according to the eigenvalues. The invention further provides a device for detecting the antenna number of the MIMO-OFDM system. According to the method and the device, provided by the invention, the antenna number of the MIMO-OFDM system is determined through calculating the eigenvalues of the autocorrelation matrix of the received MIMO-OFDM signals, and then, the antenna number of a transmitting side can be accurately identified, so that an important technical support for the identification of wireless signals can be provided, the identification accuracy and identification efficiency of the wireless signals are improved, and the effective monitoring on the radio transmission condition of the MIMO-OFDM system is guaranteed from a technical means.

Description

The number of antennas detection method of MIMO-OFDM system and device
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology field, particularly relate to a kind of number of antennas detection method and device of MIMO-OFDM system.
Background technology
Radio spectrum management is the combination of administration and science and technology, its object is to guarantee that radio station's station equipment does not cause harmful interference, and can effectively work and serve.And radio monitoring is the important means of radio spectrum management process, generally refers to and adopt technological means and the basic parameter of certain equipment to radio transmission to measure, such as frequency, bandwidth, modulation system, coded system etc.
Traditional radio spectrum management is all generally the receive-transmit system for single antenna, but, along with radio communication is towards Large Copacity, high transmission rates and high reliability future development, MIMO and OFDM technology are as the broadband technology of rising in recent years, as shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the MIMO-OFDM system of an example, at transmitting terminal, source bits flows through coding, modulation and Spatial signal processing, and the complex information symbol stream of formation is mapped on each antenna.And then, the symbol on each root transmitting antenna and frequency pilot sign are mapped as subcarrier in frequency domain and carry out IFFT conversion and obtain time-domain symbol, and this time-domain symbol is sent to wireless channel through power amplifier and radio frequency link after adding Cyclic Prefix (CP).
MIMO-OFDM system can be without increase in bandwidth, the reliability improving power system capacity and the availability of frequency spectrum exponentially and communicate, thus be widely used in the middle of 3G, 4G and the radio communications system in future, and also bring the excessive use of frequency spectrum and the problem of interference mutually thus, therefore, the category including spectrum management and monitoring in is necessary.
Traditional radio monitoring technology, when monitoring the MIMO-OFDM system of multiple antennas, owing to cannot detect the number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system transmitting terminal exactly, easily causes radio detection parameter accurately to identify.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary the problem of the number of antennas that cannot detect MIMO-OFDM system transmitting terminal for traditional radio monitoring technology exactly, a kind of number of antennas detection method and device of MIMO-OFDM system are provided.
A number of antennas detection method for MIMO-OFDM system, comprises the following steps:
Calculate the autocorrelation matrix of the MIMO-OFDM signal received;
Feature decomposition is carried out to described autocorrelation matrix and obtains several characteristic values;
The number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system is judged according to described characteristic value.
A number of antennas checkout gear for MIMO-OFDM system, comprising:
Autocorrelation matrix computing module, for calculating the autocorrelation matrix of the MIMO-OFDM signal of reception;
Feature decomposition module, obtains several characteristic values for carrying out feature decomposition to described autocorrelation matrix;
Number of antennas determination module, for judging the number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system according to described characteristic value.
The number of antennas detection method of above-mentioned MIMO-OFDM system and device, the number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system is judged by the characteristic value of the autocorrelation matrix calculating the MIMO-OFDM signal received, can identify exactly transmitting terminal number of antennas, thus important technology support can be provided for the identification of wireless signal, improve accuracy and the recognition efficiency of the identification of wireless signal, ensure the monitoring effectively of the radio transmission situation to MIMO-OFDM system from technological means.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the MIMO-OFDM system of an example;
Fig. 2 is the number of antennas detection method flow chart of the MIMO-OFDM system of an embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the number of antennas detection method flow chart of the MIMO-OFDM system of preferred embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the number of antennas structure of the detecting device schematic diagram of the MIMO-OFDM system of an embodiment.
Embodiment
Be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiment of accompanying drawing to the number of antennas detection method of MIMO-OFDM system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the number of antennas detection method flow chart of the MIMO-OFDM system of an embodiment, comprises the following steps:
Step S101, calculates the autocorrelation matrix of the MIMO-OFDM signal received;
Then and carry out according to described input vector the autocorrelation matrix that auto-correlation computation obtains MIMO-OFDM signal in one embodiment, computational process comprises: the input vector calculating reception antenna according to the signal model of MIMO-OFDM channel;
Particularly, based on the signal model of MIMO-OFDM channel, time-domain symbol is returned to frequency domain symbol by FFT by the parallel data diffluence Cyclic Prefix received, frequency domain symbol is carried out carrier wave demapping and obtain frequency pilot sign, carry out channel estimating according to frequency pilot sign and obtain MIMO-OFDM channel matrix H; Suppose that the number of antennas of transmitting terminal is L, the number of antennas of receiving terminal is N, and meets N>L, then the input vector that can obtain the array antenna of receiving terminal according to the signal model of smooth MIMO-OFDM channel is designated as x=[x 1..., x n] t; The autocorrelation matrix of the MIMO-OFDM signal then received is: R xx=E [xx h].
Step S102, carries out feature decomposition to described autocorrelation matrix and obtains several characteristic values;
In this step, preferably, MUSIC(Multiple Signal Classification is utilized) algorithm carries out feature decomposition to described autocorrelation matrix;
Particularly, by R xxcarry out feature decomposition, suppose that its characteristic value is for { λ 1, λ 2... λ n, by | R xx-λ i|=0, then R xxcan be expressed as:
R xx = E [ xx H ] = A R ss A H + σ n 2 I
In formula, R ss=E (ss h) be signal autocorrelation matrix, I is unit battle array, for noise variance, A is made up of the steering vector of Line independent and is sequency spectrum.
S103, judges the number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system according to described characteristic value;
In this step, mainly the MIMO-OFDM system antenna number of transmitting terminal is determined according to the tuple of noise characteristic value in the number of reception antenna and characteristic value;
Particularly, when Received signal strength is not height correlation, autocorrelation matrix R xxnonsingular.The A of sequency spectrum and nonsingular R xx, make when information source number L is less than array number N, N × N matrix A R ssa hbe positive semi-definite, and order is L, from its linear characteristic, AR ssa hcharacteristic value v iin have N-L close characteristic value, and all close to
In one embodiment, the process of judgement comprises the following steps:
(a), by described characteristic value by size order sort;
Particularly, suppose R xxn number of characteristic value press descending order arrangement, then the characteristic value that value is close can be arranged together;
(b), calculate difference between adjacent two characteristic values;
Particularly, due in practical operation for estimating that the sample point sum of autocorrelation matrix is limited, calculate the characteristic value of gained and there is trickle change, so corresponding noise power characteristic value is strictly inequal, but the characteristic value that one group of difference is little, by calculated difference △ λ n-1, N=1,2,3 ..., the difference range of adjacent two characteristic values can be obtained;
(c), adjudicate according to predetermined threshold value the tuple that described difference determines noise characteristic value in described characteristic value;
Particularly, predetermined threshold value △ P judges the difference △ λ of above-mentioned calculating n-1if, △ λ n-1within the scope of threshold value △ P, namely | △ λ n-1|≤△ P, can determine that these two characteristic values are noise characteristic values, and then can the tuple K of calculating noise characteristic value;
(d), calculate the number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system according to the tuple of the quantity of described reception antenna and described noise characteristic value; Particularly, the antenna number L=N-K of the MIMO-OFDM system of transmitting terminal.
In another embodiment, the process of judgement comprises the following steps:
(e), under no signal condition, detect the noise power of reception antenna;
Particularly, under reception antenna no signal condition, the noise power received repeatedly is estimated, is averaging acquisition noise power comparatively accurately
(f), judge that described characteristic value determines the tuple of noise characteristic value in described characteristic value according to described noise power;
Particularly, suppose that Δ δ is the error range of setting, then n=1,2,3..., can determine the tuple K of noise characteristic value in characteristic value according to the characteristic value meeting above-mentioned decision condition;
(g), calculate the number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system according to the tuple of the quantity of described reception antenna and described noise characteristic value; Particularly, the number of antennas L=N-K of the MIMO-OFDM system of transmitting terminal.
Preferably, consider that the number of transmit antennas of current MIMO-OFDM system is generally 2 to 3, therefore N can get 5 or 6.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the number of antennas detection method of MIMO-OFDM system of the present invention also comprises step S100 before step S101:
Step S100, calculates the peak-to-average force ratio of wireless signal that reception antenna receives, and adjudicates described peak-to-average force ratio identify MIMO-OFDM signal in wireless signal according to decision threshold;
Particularly, peak-to-average force ratio (PAPR) is the metric that measuring-signal envelope rises and falls, and is the peak amplitude (max [P (n)]) of signal and the ratio of average amplitude (E [P (n)]), namely
PAPR = max [ P ( n ) ] E [ P ( n ) ]
Because MIMO signal is produced by many antenna transmissions, every transmit antennas has relatively independent signal, and these signals can have larger peak-to-average force ratio after receiving terminal superposition; Meanwhile, because OFDM process has FFT computing, signal can be caused equally to have larger peak-to-average force ratio; So, MIMO-OFDM signal can be identified according to decision threshold judgement peak-to-average force ratio;
Preferably, decision threshold can be set to 5dB, namely when peak-to-average force ratio is more than 5dB, judges that the wireless signal that reception antenna receives is MIMO-OFDM signal.
Be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiment of accompanying drawing to the number of antennas detection method corresponding intrument of MIMO-OFDM system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the number of antennas structure of the detecting device schematic diagram figure of the MIMO-OFDM system of an embodiment, comprising:
Autocorrelation matrix computing module, for calculating the autocorrelation matrix of the MIMO-OFDM signal of reception;
Feature decomposition module, obtains several characteristic values for carrying out feature decomposition to described autocorrelation matrix;
Number of antennas determination module, for judging the number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system according to described characteristic value.
Set forth the preferred embodiment of the number of antennas checkout gear of MIMO-OFDM system of the present invention below.
In the present embodiment, also comprise before described autocorrelation matrix computing module: Signal analysis module, for calculating the peak-to-average force ratio of wireless signal that reception antenna receives, adjudicating described peak-to-average force ratio according to decision threshold and identifying MIMO-OFDM signal in wireless signal;
Particularly, peak-to-average force ratio (PAPR) is the metric that measuring-signal envelope rises and falls, and is the peak amplitude (max [P (n)]) of signal and the ratio of average amplitude (E [P (n)]):
PAPR = max [ P ( n ) ] E [ P ( n ) ]
Because MIMO signal is produced by many antenna transmissions, every transmit antennas has relatively independent signal, and these signals can have larger peak-to-average force ratio after receiving terminal superposition; Meanwhile, because OFDM process has FFT computing, signal can be caused equally to have larger peak-to-average force ratio; So Signal analysis module can identify MIMO-OFDM signal according to decision threshold judgement peak-to-average force ratio;
Preferably, the decision threshold that Signal analysis module adopts can be 5dB, namely when peak-to-average force ratio is more than 5dB, judges that the wireless signal that reception antenna receives is MIMO-OFDM signal.
In the present embodiment, described feature decomposition module is further used for: the input vector calculating reception antenna according to the signal model of MIMO-OFDM channel, and carries out according to described input vector the autocorrelation matrix that auto-correlation computation obtains MIMO-OFDM signal;
Particularly, feature decomposition module is based on the signal model of MIMO-OFDM channel, time-domain symbol is returned to frequency domain symbol by FFT by the parallel data diffluence Cyclic Prefix received, frequency domain symbol is carried out carrier wave demapping and obtain frequency pilot sign, carry out channel estimating according to frequency pilot sign and obtain MIMO-OFDM channel matrix H; Suppose that the number of antennas of transmitting terminal is L, the number of antennas of receiving terminal is N, and meets N>L, then the input vector that can obtain the array antenna of receiving terminal according to the signal model of smooth MIMO-OFDM channel is designated as x=[x 1..., x n] t; The autocorrelation matrix of the MIMO-OFDM signal then received is: R xx=E [xx h].
In the present embodiment, described number of antennas determination module mainly determines the MIMO-OFDM system antenna number of transmitting terminal according to the tuple of noise characteristic value in the number of reception antenna and characteristic value;
As an embodiment, number of antennas determination module comprises:
Sequencing unit, for sequentially sorting described characteristic value by size; Particularly, suppose R xxn number of characteristic value press descending order arrangement, then the characteristic value that value is close can be arranged together;
Difference computational unit, for calculating the difference between adjacent two characteristic values; Particularly, due in practical operation for estimating that the sample point sum of autocorrelation matrix is limited, so corresponding noise power characteristic value is strictly inequal, but the characteristic value that one group of difference is little, by calculated difference △ λ n-1, N=1,2,3 ..., the difference range of adjacent two characteristic values can be obtained;
First decision unit, for adjudicating the tuple that described difference determines noise characteristic value in described characteristic value according to predetermined threshold value; Particularly, predetermined threshold value △ P judges the difference △ λ of above-mentioned calculating n-1if, △ λ n-1within the scope of threshold value △ P, namely | △ λ n-1|≤Δ P, can determine that these two characteristic values are noise characteristic values, and then can the tuple K of calculating noise characteristic value;
First antenna number calculating unit, calculates the number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system according to the quantity of described reception antenna and the tuple of described noise characteristic value; Particularly, the antenna number L=N-K of the MIMO-OFDM system of transmitting terminal.
As another embodiment, number of antennas determination module comprises:
Power detecting unit, for detecting the noise power of reception antenna under no signal condition; Particularly, under reception antenna no signal condition, the noise power received repeatedly is estimated, is averaging acquisition noise power comparatively accurately
According to described noise power, judging unit, for judging that described characteristic value determines the tuple of noise characteristic value in described characteristic value; Particularly, suppose that Δ λ is the error range of setting, then n=1,2,3 ..., the tuple K of noise characteristic value in characteristic value can be determined according to the characteristic value meeting above-mentioned decision condition;
Second number of antennas computing unit, for calculating the number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system according to the quantity of described reception antenna and the tuple of described noise characteristic value; Particularly, the number of antennas L=N-K of the MIMO-OFDM system of transmitting terminal.
Preferably, consider that the number of transmit antennas of current MIMO-OFDM system is generally 2 to 3, therefore N can get 5 or 6.
The number of antennas checkout gear of MIMO-OFDM system of the present invention and the number of antennas detection method one_to_one corresponding of MIMO-OFDM system of the present invention, the technical characteristic of setting forth in the embodiment of the number of antennas detection method of above-mentioned MIMO-OFDM system and beneficial effect thereof are all applicable to, in the embodiment of number of antennas checkout gear of MIMO-OFDM system, not repeat them here.
The number of antennas detection method of MIMO-OFDM system of the present invention and device, the number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system can be identified, thus important reference can be provided for Signal analysis, improve the Signal analysis to MIMO-OFDM system, decoding, the accuracy rate of interference and recognition efficiency.
The above embodiment only have expressed several execution mode of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection range of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.

Claims (8)

1. a number of antennas detection method for MIMO-OFDM system, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Calculate the peak-to-average force ratio of wireless signal that reception antenna receives, adjudicate described peak-to-average force ratio according to decision threshold and identify MIMO-OFDM signal in wireless signal;
Calculate the autocorrelation matrix of the MIMO-OFDM signal received;
Feature decomposition is carried out to described autocorrelation matrix and obtains several characteristic values;
Judge the number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system according to described characteristic value, specifically comprise: determine the MIMO-OFDM system antenna number L=N-K of transmitting terminal according to the tuple of noise characteristic value in the number of reception antenna and characteristic value; Wherein, the number of antennas of transmitting terminal is L, and the number of antennas of receiving terminal is N, and in characteristic value, the tuple of noise characteristic value is K.
2. the number of antennas detection method of MIMO-OFDM system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described step calculating the autocorrelation matrix of the MIMO-OFDM signal received comprises:
Calculate the input vector of reception antenna according to the signal model of MIMO-OFDM channel, and carry out according to described input vector the autocorrelation matrix that auto-correlation computation obtains MIMO-OFDM signal.
3. the number of antennas detection method of MIMO-OFDM system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the step of the described number of antennas according to described characteristic value judgement MIMO-OFDM system comprises:
Described characteristic value is sequentially sorted by size;
Calculate the difference between adjacent two characteristic values;
The tuple that described difference determines noise characteristic value in described characteristic value is adjudicated according to predetermined threshold value;
The number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system is calculated according to the quantity of described reception antenna and the tuple of described noise characteristic value.
4. the number of antennas detection method of MIMO-OFDM system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the step of the described number of antennas according to described characteristic value judgement MIMO-OFDM system comprises:
The noise power of reception antenna is detected under no signal condition;
Judge that described characteristic value determines the tuple of noise characteristic value in described characteristic value according to described noise power;
The number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system is calculated according to the quantity of described reception antenna and the tuple of described noise characteristic value.
5. a number of antennas checkout gear for MIMO-OFDM system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Signal analysis module, for calculating the peak-to-average force ratio of wireless signal that reception antenna receives, adjudicating described peak-to-average force ratio according to decision threshold and identifying MIMO-OFDM signal in wireless signal;
Autocorrelation matrix computing module, for calculating the autocorrelation matrix of the MIMO-OFDM signal of reception;
Feature decomposition module, obtains several characteristic values for carrying out feature decomposition to described autocorrelation matrix;
Number of antennas determination module, for judging the number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system according to described characteristic value, specifically comprise: determine the MIMO-OFDM system antenna number L=N-K of transmitting terminal according to the tuple of noise characteristic value in the number of reception antenna and characteristic value; Wherein, the number of antennas of transmitting terminal is L, and the number of antennas of receiving terminal is N, and in characteristic value, the tuple of noise characteristic value is K.
6. the number of antennas checkout gear of MIMO-OFDM system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described feature decomposition module is further used for:
Calculate the input vector of reception antenna according to the signal model of MIMO-OFDM channel, and carry out according to described input vector the autocorrelation matrix that auto-correlation computation obtains MIMO-OFDM signal.
7. the number of antennas checkout gear of MIMO-OFDM system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described number of antennas determination module comprises:
Sequencing unit, for sequentially sorting described characteristic value by size;
Difference computational unit, for calculating the difference between adjacent two characteristic values;
First decision unit, for adjudicating the tuple that described difference determines noise characteristic value in described characteristic value according to predetermined threshold value;
First antenna number calculating unit, calculates the number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system according to the quantity of described reception antenna and the tuple of described noise characteristic value.
8. the number of antennas checkout gear of MIMO-OFDM system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described number of antennas determination module comprises:
Power detecting unit, for detecting the noise power of reception antenna under no signal condition;
According to described noise power, judging unit, for judging that described characteristic value determines the tuple of noise characteristic value in described characteristic value;
Second number of antennas computing unit, for calculating the number of antennas of MIMO-OFDM system according to the quantity of described reception antenna and the tuple of described noise characteristic value.
CN201210388372.7A 2012-10-12 2012-10-12 Method and device for detecting antenna number of MIMO-OFDM (Multiple Input Multiple Output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system Active CN102891724B (en)

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