CN1028895C

CN1028895C - Radial bearing

Info

Publication number: CN1028895C
Application number: CN93100978A
Authority: CN
Inventors: H·贝特霍尔德; W·戴波尔德; M·卢斯
Original assignee: Asea Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Current assignee: ABB Schweiz Holding AG; ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd; ABB AB
Priority date: 1992-01-14
Filing date: 1993-01-14
Publication date: 1995-06-14
Anticipated expiration: 2013-01-14
Also published as: CZ372992A3; UA22113C2; RU2067698C1; PL296893A1; JPH05256319A; KR930016678A; PL169346B1; CN1080371A; CH686093A5; DE4200687A1; CZ283682B6

Abstract

On the outer circumference of the bearing bush (12) there are recesses (17) from which bores (13) lead to the lubricating gap (15) and whose one flank forms an impact face for the oil emerging from the oil supply bores (16). The recesses are saw toothed. The bores run radially in the bearing bush and the recesses are set symmetrical to the centre axis of the bores. ADVANTAGE - The speed of the bearing bush is significantly reduced to reduce the shaft vibrations and friction output.

Description

Radial bearing

The present invention relates to a kind of radial bearing, it consist essentially of one between the bearing support and the axle that will support rotating bearing sleeve and the hole on bearing sleeve, this hole with the oil clearance between bearing support and the bearing sleeve and bearing sleeve and spool between the lubrication gap be connected.

This radial bearing is known.They are based on the principle of so-called floating bearing lining, and this bearing sleeve is around the axle that will support.Its " float ability " reaches like this, on the one hand, pressure oil is pressed into gap between bearing support and the bearing sleeve, on the other hand, is pressed into the gap between bearing sleeve and the rotating shaft.The supporting of this fluid power suppressed axle radially and banking motion.

Especially in the radial support of exhaust turbine supercharger rotor, bearing sleeve can be arranged to fix, that is to say that floating bush does not rotate with axle.The locking of lining is used usually and is adjusted screw, voussoir, and key or employed similar supplementary means mechanically realize.Fixing bearing sleeve has significant holding property of vibration damping on the one hand, especially for the shaft vibration of component frequency.In this situation, the oil film between bearing support and bearing sleeve is a squeeze film vibration damping equipment completely.On the other hand, in the situation of rigid bearing lining, friction horsepower is higher, and parts are worn.In general, blocking element stretch into bearing sleeve than in the soft material.In addition, at contact surface fretting corrosion can take place, this will weaken the unsteady ability of lining.

The advantage that has low wearing and tearing at the rotating radial bearing of bearing sleeve that begins to mention type.In this supporting type, to rotate near the speed of axle rotating speed 30～50%, consequently friction horsepower has reduced than the situation at stationary bushing bearing sleeve greatly usually.On the other hand, the damping property of such supporting may be inadequate.

So, the objective of the invention is to avoid the shortcoming of said fixing and rotary bearing lining by the bearing of designing the above-mentioned type in following a kind of mode, promptly bearing sleeve with its axle that will support with a rotational speed that significantly reduces.

In the present invention, it is finished like this, in bearing support, arrange oil supply hole, it at least roughly tangentially extends, and be opened in the oil clearance, and, provide one group of recess at the excircle of bearing sleeve, it has formed the beginning position in the hole of leading to the lubrication gap, and its at least one wall forms a shock surface to the oil that flows out oil supply hole.

With respect to the rigid bearing lining, can see the invention has the advantages that and having eliminated mechanical latching and reduced friction horsepower.Compare with bearing sleeve free to rotate, the shaft vibration of the component frequency that is caused by low lining rotating speed has reduced, and this is favourable.If the layout of the shock surface of the layout of oil supply hole and lining periphery is to select a consequently oily direction inflow oil clearance facing to the axle rotation by this way in the bearing support, and the lining that is carried by axle is slowed down, just can reach lower lining rotating speed.

Make aperture in the bearing sleeve to extension, and recess arrangement is become the central shaft symmetry in these holes relatively, this is useful especially.This symmetry can be avoided loading error, and in some cases, this has the advantage in the manufacturing.And She Ji element can be used by this way, and irrelevant with the sense of rotation of the axle that will support.

By detailed description, and, will have more perfect understanding to the present invention and many advantages thereof with reference to accompanying drawing to following two relevant turbocharger rotor supporting embodiments.

Fig. 1 has shown the sectional arrangement drawing of this supporting along III among Fig. 2-III line;

Fig. 2 has shown along II among Fig. 1-II line and has passed the drawing in side sectional elevation of supporting;

Fig. 3 has shown the part drawing in side sectional elevation that passes a supporting variant embodiment.

In whole several accompanying drawings, equal reference numbers representative identical or corresponding components.Wherein, only shown for understanding element required in this invention, for example, the installing during bearing is present, the providing and get rid of and seal or the like not demonstration of oil, wherein, the flow direction of lubricant oil is represented by arrow with the sense of rotation of relevant parts.Radial bearing shown in Fig. 1 and 2 is located in the bearing support 10, and the natural latter also can be that a bearing inserts the unit, and this depends on the design of machine.Lubricant oil (being pressure oil in this example) is supplied in the annular pass 19 of machining on the seat 10.Be evenly distributed on its peripheral oil supply hole 16 by one group (being 4 in this example), make oil arrive an oil clearance 14 from passage 19.Oil clearance is an annular space, and its inner boundary is formed by the bearing sleeve 12 of free floating.Axle 11 is centered on by bearing sleeve 12, so that forms a lubrication gap 15.Oil from oil clearance 14 arrives the lubrication gap by 4 holes 13 that are evenly distributed on bearing sleeve 12 peripheries.These holes are opened on the zone, lubrication gap, enter oil groove 20, and oil groove almost all extends above the axial length lining.

Clearly, the structure in 4 oil supply holes 16 and 4 holes 13 is optional for the function of bearing.Below as an example, list some further data: the lubricating oil pressure at entry end normally 2～4 clings to; During operation, the radial clearance in oil clearance 14 and the lubrication gap 15 approximately is 2% of the diameter of axle; Axle is with about 70, and the speed of 000rpm is rotated.Do not having under the situation of novel measure, the rotating speed of floating bearing lining 12 will be stabilized in 30% of about rotating speed.

According to the present invention, by designed measure, the rotating speed of bearing sleeve will reduce now greatly, to reduce the shaft vibration of component frequency.

At first, for this purpose, the oil supply hole 16 on the bearing support 10 tangentially extends.Their opening is arranged in such a way, so that oil flows into oil clearance 14 facing to the direction that axle 11 rotates.In addition, 4 zigzag fashion recesses 17 are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of bearing sleeve 12.These recesses are arranged in such a way, and the inlet that consequently leads to associated orifices 13 is positioned at the bottom of recess.The sidewall 18 of recess tilts by this way, so that the oil of gushing out from the oil supply hole opening is formed a shock surface.

When the axle that is supported started, pressure oil sprayed into annular oil clearance 14 by the tangential oil supply hole, and it is owing to recess distributes.Oil collides with the outstanding sidewall 18 of recess then, makes bearing sleeve rotate (dotted arrow).Oil from recess by hole 13(in this example for tangentially) be imported into oil groove 20 and lubrication gap 15.Because the resistance moment of torsion of axle 11 on bearing sleeve 12, the latter's rotation has been suppressed.Can in this way moment of torsion be mated by professional method about design and oil pressure adjustment, for example, between the starting period, bearing sleeve rotates in an opposite direction a short time, after reaching working speed, rotating with an optimum speed with axle equidirectional (solid arrow).

So, the slowing down of the bearing sleeve that produces by the fluid power means-according to the complexity of control, under extreme case, can make its be fixed-take place and do not produce contact fully so that guarantee unrestricted motion at all time bearing sleeves.

In Fig. 3, the parts with said function have the reference number same with Fig. 2.In this embodiment, hole 13a is radially, also can be like this in Fig. 2 embodiment.In Fig. 3 example, because recess 17a is that the central shaft that is designed to respect to the hole is symmetrical, so the radial arrangement in hole is specially suitable.Because there are two equal sidewall 18a to exist now, so even unbred support staff also can carry out the zero defect assembling of bearing sleeve.

Clearly, according to top description, the present invention can have many modification and variation.So, be appreciated that among appended claim scope the present invention can be with different and be implemented with top specific description.In heavier and slower operating shaft example, shaft vibration is not important resembling in the example of the turbo-charger shaft of relative high speed.Putting upside down of fuel feeding direction can be easily.Opposite with example illustrated, oil is fed through the shock surface of rotational axis direction, quicken with respect to axle to cause bearing sleeve.In this situation, the lining rotating speed of increase will cause favourable the reducing of friction horsepower, so bearing wear also reduces.

Claims

1, a kind of radial bearing, consist essentially of one bearing support and to support the axle between rotating bearing sleeve and the hole on the bearing sleeve, described hole makes oil clearance between bearing support and the bearing sleeve and bearing sleeve be communicated with lubrication gap between the axle, it is characterized in that:

At least roughly the tangential oil supply hole that extends is arranged in the bearing support, and opening enters oil clearance, and the opening of oil supply hole is set along the direction facing to the sense of rotation of axle;

One group of recess is positioned on the bearing sleeve outer periphery, forms the initial position in the hole of leading to the lubrication gap, and its at least one sidewall forms a shock surface to the oil that flows out oil supply hole.

2, radial bearing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described recess has a zigzag fashion.

3, radial bearing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the aperture on the bearing sleeve is to extension, and the central shaft that recess is designed to respect to the hole is symmetrical.