CN102867222A - Method and device for measuring and calculating checking power and stored power of power station - Google Patents

Method and device for measuring and calculating checking power and stored power of power station Download PDF

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CN102867222A
CN102867222A CN2012102885320A CN201210288532A CN102867222A CN 102867222 A CN102867222 A CN 102867222A CN 2012102885320 A CN2012102885320 A CN 2012102885320A CN 201210288532 A CN201210288532 A CN 201210288532A CN 102867222 A CN102867222 A CN 102867222A
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nuclear
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CN102867222B (en
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李泽宏
马光文
黄炜斌
肖燕
周佳
唐玉兰
徐廷兵
王俊莉
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Guizhou Wujiang Hydropower Development Co Ltd
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Guizhou Wujiang Hydropower Development Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for measuring and calculating the checking power and stored power of a power station. The method comprises the following steps that: 1, remote sensing equipment measures the water level data of a reservoir, an ultrasonic flow meter measures a day-by-day power generation flow Qday, and output acquisition equipment acquires day-by-day average output Nday; 2, a calculation server processes the data to obtain a ten-day average power generation flow Qten-day, a ten-day average power generation head Hhead and ten-day average output Nten-day; 3, the calculation server obtains Kten-day by utilizing a hydraulic power formula; and 4, the calculation server measures and calculates the checking power and stored power of the reservoir in a corresponding time bucket. The water level data, the day-by-day power generation flow Qday and the day-by-day average output Nday of the reservoir are measured in real time, and the Kten-day is calculated by combining the real-time data and the hydraulic power formula, and is close to an actual value; and compared with a fixed K value, the Kten-day has the advantage that the accuracy of the measured and calculated checking power and stored power of the power station is greatly improved.

Description

The measuring method of a kind of checking energy of power station and storehouse charge capacity and device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of checking energy of power station and measuring method and the device of storehouse charge capacity, belong to the reservoir operation technical field.
Background technology
It is an important momentum indicator in power station that water can utilize increase rate, it can reflect that not only the power station can be converted to water the ability of electric energy, and then conveniently keep the equilibrium of supply and demand of electric weight, but also can reflect the actual influence that different power station scheduling means produce the power station, and then select suitable Optimized Operation scheme that the power station is dispatched.Can utilize in the measuring and calculating process of increase rate at water, two checking energy and storehouse charge capacities that important factor is the power station wherein, the accuracy of these two factors is directly connected to the accuracy that water can utilize increase rate.
In the computation process of power station checking energy and storehouse charge capacity, relate to an important parameter-power station integrated power factor, power station integrated power factor (being the K value) has reflected that the power station can be converted into water the efficient of electric energy, and it gets a changeless value usually.Owing to having ignored in this case the variability of power station integrated power factor, finally cause the error of the power station checking energy value calculated and storehouse electric power storage value larger, availability is lower; In addition, even considered the situation of change of K value, adopt the accuracy of checking energy that existing measuring method obtains and storehouse charge capacity still lower, be further improved.
Also there is not at present the relevant report about the accuracy that improves checking energy and storehouse charge capacity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, a kind of checking energy of power station and measuring method and the device of storehouse charge capacity are provided, it can effectively solve problems of the prior art, especially power station integrated power factor is got changeless value, the error that causes calculating the power station checking energy value that obtains and storehouse electric power storage value is larger, the problem that availability is lower.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: the measuring method of a kind of checking energy of power station and storehouse charge capacity may further comprise the steps:
S1, telemetry equipment is measured the waterlevel data of reservoir, and ultrasonic flow meter is measured day by day generating flow Q Day, the collecting device of exerting oneself gathers the daily mean N that exerts oneself Day
S2, calculation server is processed to get mean of dekan generating flow Q to above-mentioned data Ten days, mean of dekan productive head H Ten daysAnd the mean of dekan N that exerts oneself Ten days
S3, calculation server utilize water energy formula N Ten days=K Ten daysQ Ten daysH Ten daysGet K Ten days
S4, calculation server calculate checking energy and the storehouse charge capacity of corresponding period reservoir.
When measuring day by day generating flow, traditional method is: at first the reservoir level of statistical time range changes; And then calculate that stock's water yield changes, and calculates water amount of power generating; Divided by T.T. period, draw generating flow again, but the method is more much bigger than adopting ultrasonic flow meter to measure day by day the error of generating flow among the present invention.
In the measuring method of the checking energy in aforesaid power station and storehouse charge capacity, also comprise:
S31, electrical energy collecting device measure the power station start electric weight and by average output to K Ten daysProofread and correct, described " correction " specifically comprises: if K Ten days<K Min, K then Ten days=K MinIf K Ten daysK Max, K then Ten days=K Max, wherein,
Figure BDA00002007402100021
Figure BDA00002007402100022
X MaxBe the maximal value of the electric weight that starts, X MinBe the minimum value of the electric weight that starts, by with upper type to K Ten daysAfter proofreading and correct, K Ten daysMore near actual value, and then so that the measuring and calculating accuracy rate of checking energy and storehouse charge capacity greatly improve.
In the measuring method of the checking energy in aforesaid power station and storehouse charge capacity, step S1 is described, and the collecting device of exerting oneself adopts active power transmitter or ac sampling device, by the daily mean of the two kinds of above-mentioned equipment collections N that exerts oneself DayMore accurate.
In the measuring method of the checking energy in aforesaid power station and storehouse charge capacity, step S2 described " processing " comprising: calculation server gets daily mean productive head H by end, the first water-head of calculating reservoir Day, to daily mean productive head H Day, generating flow Q day by day DayAnd the daily mean N that exerts oneself DayAdd up average.Calculate take ten days as unit, the data result precision that obtains is high, and calculating K only DayBe nonsensical, calculate take the moon as unit, the result who obtains is more coarse again, and accuracy rate is lower.
In the measuring method of the checking energy in aforesaid power station and storehouse charge capacity, for season and season with the adjusted power station, the checking energy that the calculation server described in the step S4 is calculated corresponding period reservoir specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step1, be rich, Pian Feng, flat, hemiplegia and withered Pyatyi to coming discharge according to the reservoir inflow frequency partition, wherein, rich reservoir inflow frequency≤10%, partially rich reservoir inflow frequency is 10%~37.5%, flat reservoir inflow frequency is 37.5%~62.5%, and hemiplegia reservoir inflow frequency is 62.5~90%, withered reservoir inflow frequency 〉=90%;
Step2 in the water level bound scope in district that guarantees in each of scheduling graph to exert oneself, comes the rich withered rank of discharge to divide according to above-mentioned water level in ten days, namely divides according to rich, Pian Feng, flat, hemiplegia and withered each shared ratio in interval;
Step3 according to coming the rich withered rank of discharge, determines the last water level of corresponding period, and this end water level i.e. the equivalent water level drop point of discharge in other percentage frequency scope of the withered level of its corresponding Feng Ping;
Step4 according to determined last water level, and comes discharge and water level at the beginning of the period, calculates the N that exerts oneself that obtains this period according to principle of water balance Calculate t
Step5 gets
Figure BDA00002007402100023
And will
Figure BDA00002007402100024
As the period examination N that exerts oneself Nuclear, t, wherein,
Figure BDA00002007402100025
Keep a decimal;
Step6 reads Q Enter t, γ Nuclear, t, K Ten days, make upper one period Mo water level be water level Z at the beginning of this period t, get the period N that exerts oneself Nuclear, t
Step7 supposes that period outbound flow is Q Go out t=Q Fd, t=Q Max
Step8 is by water balance formula Q Enter-Q Go out=(V T+1-V t)/Δ t calculates period Mo reservoir storage capacity V T+1If, V T+1>V Max, t, V then T+1-V Max, tAs abandoning the water yield, calculate Q Earial drainage, t, and Q Go out t=Q Fd, t+ Q Earial drainage, t, so that V T+1=V Max
Step9 passes through V T+1Get period Mo reservoir level Z with storage-capacity curve T+1, judge whether last water level satisfies period Mo restriction of water level, as not satisfying, then recomputate N Nuclear, t, last water level is met the demands; Wherein, described restriction of water level refers to: water level must not be lower than level of dead water, must not be higher than flood sluicing position and normal high water level (N.H.W.L.) simultaneously;
Step10 passes through Q Go out tAnd level of tail water discharge relation curve gets average level of tail water Z of period X, t
Step11, calculated water head H All, t=(Z t+ Z T+1)/2-Z X, t
Step12 passes through H All, tAnd the anticipation power curve gets N In advance, t
Step13 is by period rate of load condensate γ Nuclear, tCalculate the adjustable N of exerting oneself of period Max, tNuclear, t* N In advance, t
Step14, N Nuclear, t=min (N t, N Max, t);
Step15: calculate generating flow
Figure BDA00002007402100031
Step16: if | Q ' Fd, t+ Q Earial drainage, t-Q Go out t|<ξ, then record Q Fd, t, Q Go out t, V T+1, Z T+1, enter next period iterative computation; Otherwise, again suppose Q Go out t, return Step 7, wherein, ξ is permissible error;
Step17 after interior all periods calculating of given period are complete, calculate and finishes, the last reservoir level Z of output day part T+1Average output N with day part Nuclear, t
Step18, checking energy are day part electric weight sum: E Nuclear=∑ (N Nuclear, t* Δ t);
Wherein, Q Enter t: average reservoir inflow of period; Z t: water level on the dam at the beginning of the period; γ Nuclear, t: the period is appraised and decided rate of load condensate;
K Ten days: the period is appraised and decided comprehensive power factor; Z T+1: water level on the period Mo dam; V t: storage capacity at the beginning of the period; Q Go out t: average outbound flow of period; Q Fd, t: average generating flow of period; Q Earial drainage, t: the period is abandoned discharge; Z X, t: water level under the average dam of period; H All, t: average gross head of period; N t: the scheduling graph indicated output; N Max, t: the period is adjustable exerts oneself; N In advance, t: the period anticipation is exerted oneself; N Nuclear, t: the period examination is exerted oneself; E Nuclear: the period checking energy; Q Max: and be bigger than the machine flow most, by calculating season and season with upper type with the checking energy of corresponding period of adjusted power station, its accuracy rate has improved 65.8%.
In the measuring method of the checking energy in aforesaid power station and storehouse charge capacity, for season and season with the adjusted power station, according to pursuing day by day each unit load data of period in the year that gathers, reject exerting oneself of the low unit of exerting oneself, form day by day total load process and draw month by month load process of power plant of power plant, calculate actual annual electricity generating capacity E Year
In the measuring method of the checking energy in aforesaid power station and storehouse charge capacity, for daily regulated hydroplant, the checking energy that the calculation server described in the step S4 is calculated corresponding period reservoir specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step1: read average daily reservoir inflow Q Day, Z Nuclear, K Ten daysAnd γ Nuclear, average daily outbound flow equals average daily reservoir inflow;
Step2: according to level of tail water discharge relation curve, get average daily level of tail water Z Lower=f (Q Day);
Step3: calculate per day gross head H All=Z Nuclear-Z Lower
Step4: make Q Fd=Q DayIf, Q Day>Q Max, Q Fd=Q Max
Step5: calculate the per day N that exerts oneself Water=K Ten daysQ FdH All
Step6: look into the anticipation power curve, get and daily envision the N that exerts oneself In advance=f (H All);
Step7: by rate of load condensate γ NuclearTry to achieve the maximum N that daily exerts oneself MaxNuclearN In advance
Step8: if N Water>N Max, make N Examination=N MaxOtherwise make N Examination=N Water
Step9: checking energy is: E Examination=N Examination* 24;
Wherein, Q Day: per day reservoir inflow; Q Fd: day generating flow; γ Nuclear: daily load rate; Q Max: the power station is bigger than the machine flow most; K Ten days: appraise and decide comprehensive power factor; Z Nuclear: appraise and decide initial water level; Z Lower: per day tailwater elevation; H All: per day gross head; N Water: outbound can be sent power; N In advance: anticipation is exerted oneself; N Max: adjustable exerting oneself; N Examination: a day examination is exerted oneself; E Examination: day checking energy, by calculate the checking energy of corresponding period of daily regulated hydroplant with upper type, its accuracy rate has improved 60%.
In the measuring method of the checking energy in aforesaid power station and storehouse charge capacity, for daily regulated hydroplant, the actual operating data that gathers, comprise reservoir in a few days day part first last water level, water and outbound, generating flow and abandon discharge, generated energy and generating water usage data, draw in a few days load process of power plant by above-mentioned data, calculate the actual daily generation E of going out Day
In the measuring method of the checking energy in aforesaid power station and storehouse charge capacity, the storehouse charge capacity that the calculation server described in the step S4 is calculated corresponding period reservoir in the following ways:
Figure BDA00002007402100041
Wherein: V Actual: actual period Mo pondage; V Examination: examination period Mo pondage; γ Generating: actual average annual water consumption rate.
The checking energy in the power station of realization preceding method and the measuring and calculating device of storehouse charge capacity, comprise: telemetry equipment, ultrasonic flow meter, exert oneself collecting device and calculation server, telemetry equipment, ultrasonic flow meter and the collecting device of being connected are connected with calculation server respectively.By checking energy and the storehouse charge capacity in above equipment measuring and calculating power station, not only simple to operate, the convenient realization, and also the accuracy rate of the checking energy that obtains and storehouse charge capacity is high, is fit to apply.
In the measuring and calculating device of the checking energy in aforesaid power station and storehouse charge capacity, also comprise: electrical energy collecting device, electrical energy collecting device is connected with calculation server, by utilize electrical energy collecting device measure the power station start electric weight and by average output to K Ten daysProofread and correct, described " correction " specifically comprises: if K Ten days<K Min, K then Ten days=K MinIf K Ten daysK Max, K then Ten days=K Max, wherein
Figure BDA00002007402100051
Figure BDA00002007402100052
X MaxBe the maximal value of the electric weight that starts, X MinBe the minimum value of the electric weight that starts, by with upper type to K Ten daysAfter proofreading and correct, K Ten daysMore near actual value, and then so that the measuring and calculating accuracy rate of checking energy and storehouse charge capacity greatly improve.
In the measuring and calculating device of the checking energy in aforesaid power station and storehouse charge capacity, the described collecting device of exerting oneself adopts active power transmitter or ac sampling device, by the daily mean of the two kinds of above-mentioned equipment collections N that exerts oneself DayMore accurate.
In the measuring and calculating device of the checking energy in aforesaid power station and storehouse charge capacity, described telemetry equipment adopts the remote measurement gaging station, and equipment is simple, handled easily, and measurement accuracy is high.
In the measuring and calculating device of the checking energy in aforesaid power station and storehouse charge capacity, described remote measurement gaging station adopts the ACS300MM type remote measurement gaging station of water conservancy and hydropower branch office of Nanjing NanRui Group Co.,Ltd; Described ultrasonic flow meter adopts the GER-9000 type ultrasonic flow meter of Nanjing Shenrui Electrical System Control Co.,Ltd; Described active power transmitter adopts the FPWK301 type active power transmitter of Zhejiang Harnpu Power Technology Co., Ltd.; Described electrical energy collecting device adopts the EAC5000D type electrical energy collecting device of Nanfang Electric Power Group Sci. ﹠ Tech. Dev. Co., Ltd., Guangzhou.The examination circuit in the power station of the device measuring by above model and the accuracy of storehouse charge capacity have further improved 10%.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is by utilizing telemetry equipment to measure the waterlevel data of reservoir, and ultrasonic flow meter is measured day by day generating flow Q Day, the collecting device of exerting oneself gathers the daily mean N that exerts oneself DayCalculation server can formula calculates K value take ten days as unit by these real time datas of gathering in conjunction with water, the K value that calculates in this way is more near actual value, compare with fixing K value, the power station checking energy that measuring and calculating obtains and the accuracy of storehouse charge capacity improve greatly, show according to mass data statistics, adopt the accuracy of the checking energy in the power station that the method for calculating K value of the present invention obtains and storehouse charge capacity to improve approximately 65.8%.In addition, the present invention also improves the checking energy in power station and the measuring method of storehouse charge capacity, after the measuring method in conjunction with the K value, so that the accuracy of the checking energy that the present invention obtains and storehouse charge capacity has further improved 10%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the workflow diagram of a kind of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is each power station in 2009 by fixing K value and changes the water energy result of calculation table of comparisons that K value obtains.
Reference numeral
1-telemetry equipment, 2-ultrasonic flow meter, the 3-collecting device of exerting oneself, 4-calculation server, 5-electrical energy collecting device.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the measuring method of a kind of checking energy of power station and storehouse charge capacity as shown in Figure 1, may further comprise the steps:
S1, telemetry equipment is measured the waterlevel data of reservoir, and ultrasonic flow meter is measured day by day generating flow Q Day, the collecting device of exerting oneself gathers the daily mean N that exerts oneself Day
S2, calculation server is processed to get mean of dekan generating flow Q to above-mentioned data Ten days, mean of dekan productive head H Ten daysAnd the mean of dekan N that exerts oneself Ten days
S3, calculation server utilize water energy formula N Ten days=K Ten daysQ Ten daysH Ten daysGet K Ten days
S31, electrical energy collecting device measure the power station start electric weight and by average output to K Ten daysProofread and correct, described " correction " specifically comprises: if K Ten days<K Min, K then Ten days=K MinIf K Ten daysK Max, K then Ten days=K Max, wherein,
Figure BDA00002007402100061
Figure BDA00002007402100062
X MaxBe the maximal value of the electric weight that starts, X MinMinimum value for the electric weight that starts;
S4, calculation server calculate checking energy and the storehouse charge capacity of corresponding period reservoir.
The described collecting device of exerting oneself of step S1 adopts the active power transmitter.
Step S2 described " processing " comprising: calculation server gets daily mean productive head H by end, the first water-head of calculating reservoir Day, to daily mean productive head H Day, generating flow Q day by day DayAnd the daily mean N that exerts oneself DayAdd up average.
For season and season with the adjusted power station, the checking energy that the calculation server described in the step S4 is calculated corresponding period reservoir specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step1, be rich, Pian Feng, flat, hemiplegia and withered Pyatyi to coming discharge according to the reservoir inflow frequency partition, wherein, rich reservoir inflow frequency≤10%, partially rich reservoir inflow frequency is 10%~37.5%, flat reservoir inflow frequency is 37.5%~62.5%, and hemiplegia reservoir inflow frequency is 62.5~90%, withered reservoir inflow frequency 〉=90%;
Step2 in the water level bound scope in district that guarantees in each of scheduling graph to exert oneself, comes the rich withered rank of discharge to divide according to above-mentioned water level in ten days, namely divides according to rich, Pian Feng, flat, hemiplegia and withered each shared ratio in interval;
Step3 according to coming the rich withered rank of discharge, determines the last water level of corresponding period, and this end water level i.e. the equivalent water level drop point of discharge in other percentage frequency scope of the withered level of its corresponding Feng Ping;
Step4 according to determined last water level, and comes discharge and water level at the beginning of the period, calculates the N that exerts oneself that obtains this period according to principle of water balance Calculate t
Step5 gets
Figure BDA00002007402100071
And will
Figure BDA00002007402100072
As the period examination N that exerts oneself Nuclear, t, wherein,
Figure BDA00002007402100073
Keep a decimal;
Step6 reads Q Enter t, γ Nuclear, t, K Ten days, make upper one period Mo water level be water level Z at the beginning of this period t, get the period N that exerts oneself Nuclear, t
Step7 supposes that period outbound flow is Q Go out t=Q Fd, t=Q Max
Step8 is by water balance formula Q Enter-Q Go out=(V T+1-V t)/Δ t calculates period Mo reservoir storage capacity V T+1If, V T+1>V Max, t, V then T+1-V Max, tAs abandoning the water yield, calculate Q Earial drainage, t, and Q Go out t=Q Fd, t+ Q Earial drainage, t, so that V T+1=V Max
Step9 passes through V T+1Get period Mo reservoir level Z with storage-capacity curve T+1, judge whether last water level satisfies period Mo restriction of water level, as not satisfying, then recomputate N Nuclear, t, last water level is met the demands; Wherein, described restriction of water level refers to: water level must not be lower than level of dead water, must not be higher than flood sluicing position and normal high water level (N.H.W.L.) simultaneously;
Step10 passes through Q Go out tAnd level of tail water discharge relation curve gets average level of tail water Z of period X, t
Step11, calculated water head H All, t=(Z t+ Z T+1)/2-Z X, t
Step12 passes through H All, tAnd the anticipation power curve gets N In advance, t
Step13 is by period rate of load condensate γ Nuclear, tCalculate the adjustable N of exerting oneself of period Max, tNuclear, t* N In advance, t
Step14, N Nuclear, t=min (N t, N Max, t);
Step15: calculate generating flow
Figure BDA00002007402100074
Step16: if | Q ' Fd, t+ Q Earial drainage, t-Q Go out t|<ξ, then record Q Fd, t, Q Go out t, V T+1, Z T+1, enter next period iterative computation; Otherwise, again suppose Q Go out t, return Step 7, wherein, ξ is permissible error;
Step17 after interior all periods calculating of given period are complete, calculate and finishes, the last reservoir level Z of output day part T+1Average output N with day part Nuclear, t
Step18, checking energy are day part electric weight sum: E Nuclear=∑ (N Nuclear, t* Δ t);
Wherein, Q Enter t: average reservoir inflow of period; Z t: water level on the dam at the beginning of the period; γ Nuclear, t: the period is appraised and decided rate of load condensate; K Ten days: the period is appraised and decided comprehensive power factor; Z T+1: water level on the period Mo dam; V t: storage capacity at the beginning of the period; Q Go out t: average outbound flow of period; Q Fd, t: average generating flow of period; Q Earial drainage, t: the period is abandoned discharge; Z X, t: water level under the average dam of period; H All, t: average gross head of period; N t: the scheduling graph indicated output; N Max, t: the period is adjustable exerts oneself; N In advance, t: the period anticipation is exerted oneself; N Nuclear, t: the period examination is exerted oneself; E Nuclear: the period checking energy; Q Max: and be bigger than the machine flow most.
For season and season with the adjusted power station, according in the year that gathers day by day by each unit load data of period, reject exerting oneself of the low unit of exerting oneself, form day by day total load process and draw month by month load process of power plant of power plant, calculate actual annual electricity generating capacity E Year
For daily regulated hydroplant, the checking energy that the calculation server described in the step S4 is calculated corresponding period reservoir specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step1: read average daily reservoir inflow Q Day, Z Nuclear, K Ten daysAnd γ Nuclear, average daily outbound flow equals average daily reservoir inflow;
Step2: according to level of tail water discharge relation curve, get average daily level of tail water Z Lower=f (Q Day);
Step3: calculate per day gross head H All=Z Nuclear-Z Lower
Step4: make Q Fd=Q DayIf, Q Day>Q Max, Q Fd=Q Mat
Step5: calculate the per day N that exerts oneself Water=K Ten daysQ FdH All
Step6: look into the anticipation power curve, get and daily envision the N that exerts oneself In advance=f (H All);
Step7: by rate of load condensate γ NuclearTry to achieve the maximum N that daily exerts oneself MaxNuclearN In advance
Step8: if N Water>N Max, make N Examination=N MaxOtherwise make N Examination=N Water
Step9: checking energy is: E Examination=N Examination* 24;
Wherein, Q Day: per day reservoir inflow; Q Fd: day generating flow; γ Nuclear: daily load rate; Q Max: the power station is bigger than the machine flow most; K Ten days: appraise and decide comprehensive power factor; Z Nuclear: appraise and decide initial water level; Z Lower: per day tailwater elevation; H All: per day gross head; N Water: outbound can be sent power; N In advance: anticipation is exerted oneself; N Max: adjustable exerting oneself; N Examination: a day examination is exerted oneself; E Examination: day checking energy.
For daily regulated hydroplant, the actual operating data that gathers, comprise reservoir in a few days day part first last water level, water and outbound, generating flow and abandon discharge, generated energy and generating water usage data, draw in a few days load process of power plant by above-mentioned data, calculate the actual daily generation E of going out Day
The storehouse charge capacity that calculation server described in the step S4 is calculated corresponding period reservoir is in the following ways:
Figure BDA00002007402100081
Wherein: V Actual: actual period Mo pondage; V Examination: examination period Mo pondage; γ Generating: actual average annual water consumption rate.
The checking energy in the power station of realization said method and the measuring and calculating device of storehouse charge capacity, as shown in Figure 2, comprise: telemetry equipment 1, ultrasonic flow meter 2, exert oneself collecting device 3 and calculation server 4, telemetry equipment 1, ultrasonic flow meter 2 and the collecting device 3 of being connected are connected with calculation server 4 respectively.Also comprise: electrical energy collecting device 5, electrical energy collecting device 5 is connected with calculation server 4.By utilize electrical energy collecting device 5 measure power stations start electric weight and by average output to K Ten daysProofread and correct.The described collecting device 3 of exerting oneself adopts the active power transmitter.Described telemetry equipment 1 adopts the remote measurement gaging station.Described remote measurement gaging station adopts the ACS300MM type remote measurement gaging station of water conservancy and hydropower branch office of Nanjing NanRui Group Co.,Ltd; Described ultrasonic flow meter 2 adopts the GER-9000 type ultrasonic flow meter of Nanjing Shenrui Electrical System Control Co.,Ltd; Described active power transmitter adopts the FPWK301 type active power transmitter of Zhejiang Harnpu Power Technology Co., Ltd.; Described electrical energy collecting device 5 adopts the EAC5000D type electrical energy collecting device of Nanfang Electric Power Group Sci. ﹠ Tech. Dev. Co., Ltd., Guangzhou.The examination circuit in the power station of the device measuring by above model and the accuracy of storehouse charge capacity have further improved 10%.
Embodiment 2: the measuring method of a kind of checking energy of power station and storehouse charge capacity as shown in Figure 1, may further comprise the steps: S1, and telemetry equipment is measured the waterlevel data of reservoir, and ultrasonic flow meter is measured day by day generating flow Q Day, the collecting device of exerting oneself gathers the daily mean N that exerts oneself Day
S2, calculation server is processed to get mean of dekan generating flow Q to above-mentioned data Ten days, mean of dekan productive head H Ten daysAnd the mean of dekan N that exerts oneself Ten days
S3, calculation server utilize water energy formula N Ten days=K Ten daysQ Ten daysH Ten daysGet K Ten days
S4, calculation server calculate checking energy and the storehouse charge capacity of corresponding period reservoir.
The described collecting device of exerting oneself of step S1 adopts ac sampling device.
Step S2 described " processing " comprising: calculation server gets daily mean productive head H by end, the first water-head of calculating reservoir Day, to daily mean productive head H Day, generating flow Q day by day DayAnd the daily mean N that exerts oneself DayAdd up average.
For season and season with the adjusted power station, the checking energy that the calculation server described in the step S4 is calculated corresponding period reservoir specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step1, be rich, Pian Feng, flat, hemiplegia and withered Pyatyi to coming discharge according to the reservoir inflow frequency partition, wherein, rich reservoir inflow frequency≤10%, partially rich reservoir inflow frequency is 10%~37.5%, flat reservoir inflow frequency is 37.5%~62.5%, and hemiplegia reservoir inflow frequency is 62.5~90%, withered reservoir inflow frequency 〉=90%;
Step2 in the water level bound scope in district that guarantees in each of scheduling graph to exert oneself, comes the rich withered rank of discharge to divide according to above-mentioned water level in ten days, namely divides according to rich, Pian Feng, flat, hemiplegia and withered each shared ratio in interval;
Step3 according to coming the rich withered rank of discharge, determines the last water level of corresponding period, and this end water level i.e. the equivalent water level drop point of discharge in other percentage frequency scope of the withered level of its corresponding Feng Ping;
Step4 according to determined last water level, and comes discharge and water level at the beginning of the period, calculates the N that exerts oneself that obtains this period according to principle of water balance Calculate t
Step5 gets
Figure BDA00002007402100101
And will
Figure BDA00002007402100102
As the period examination N that exerts oneself Nuclear, t, wherein,
Figure BDA00002007402100103
Keep a decimal;
Step6 reads Q Enter t, γ Nuclear, t, K Ten days, make upper one period Mo water level be water level Z at the beginning of this period t, get the period N that exerts oneself Nuclear, t
Step7 supposes that period outbound flow is Q Go out t=Q Fd, t=Q Max
Step8 is by water balance formula Q Enter-Q Go out=(V T+1-V t)/Δ t calculates period Mo reservoir storage capacity V T+1If, V T+1>V Max, t, V then T+1-V Max, tAs abandoning the water yield, calculate Q Earial drainage, t, and Q Go out t=Q Fd, t+ Q Earial drainage, t, so that V T+1=V Max
Step9 passes through V T+1Get period Mo reservoir level Z with storage-capacity curve T+1, judge whether last water level satisfies period Mo restriction of water level, as not satisfying, then recomputate N Nuclear, t, last water level is met the demands; Wherein, described restriction of water level refers to: water level must not be lower than level of dead water, must not be higher than flood sluicing position and normal high water level (N.H.W.L.) simultaneously;
Step10 passes through Q Go out tAnd level of tail water discharge relation curve gets average level of tail water Z of period X, t
Step11, calculated water head H All, t=(Z t+ Z T+1)/2-Z X, t
Step12 passes through H All, tAnd the anticipation power curve gets N In advance, t
Step13 is by period rate of load condensate γ Nuclear, tCalculate the adjustable N of exerting oneself of period Max, tNuclear, t* N In advance, t
Step14, N Nuclear, t=min (N t, N Max, t);
Step15: calculate generating flow
Figure BDA00002007402100104
Step16: if | Q ' Fd, t+ Q Earial drainage, t-Q Go out t|<ξ, then record Q Fd, t, Q Go out t, V T+1, Z T+1, enter next period iterative computation; Otherwise, again suppose Q Go out t, return Step 7, wherein, ξ is permissible error;
Step17 after interior all periods calculating of given period are complete, calculate and finishes, the last reservoir level Z of output day part T+1Average output N with day part Nuclear, t
Step18, checking energy are day part electric weight sum: E Nuclear=∑ (N Nuclear, t* Δ t);
Wherein, Q Enter t: average reservoir inflow of period; Z t: water level on the dam at the beginning of the period; γ Nuclear, t: the period is appraised and decided rate of load condensate; K Ten days: the period is appraised and decided comprehensive power factor; Z T+1: water level on the period Mo dam; V t: storage capacity at the beginning of the period; Q Go out t: average outbound flow of period; Q Fd, t: average generating flow of period; Q Earial drainage, t: the period is abandoned discharge; Z X, t: water level under the average dam of period; H All, t: average gross head of period; N t: the scheduling graph indicated output; N Max, t: the period is adjustable exerts oneself; N In advance, t: the period anticipation is exerted oneself; N Nuclear, t: the period examination is exerted oneself; E Nuclear: the period checking energy; Q Max: and be bigger than the machine flow most.
For season and season with the adjusted power station, according in the year that gathers day by day by each unit load data of period, reject exerting oneself of the low unit of exerting oneself, form day by day total load process and draw month by month load process of power plant of power plant, calculate actual annual electricity generating capacity E Year
For daily regulated hydroplant, the checking energy that the calculation server described in the step S4 is calculated corresponding period reservoir specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step1: read average daily reservoir inflow Q Day, Z Nuclear, K Ten daysAnd γ Nuclear, average daily outbound flow equals average daily reservoir inflow;
Step2: according to level of tail water discharge relation curve, get average daily level of tail water Z Lower=f (Q Day);
Step3: calculate per day gross head H All=Z Nuclear-Z Lower
Step4: make Q Fd=Q DayIf, Q Day>Q Max, Q Fd=Q Max
Step5: calculate the per day N that exerts oneself Water=K Ten daysQ FdH All
Step6: look into the anticipation power curve, get and daily envision the N that exerts oneself In advance=f (H All);
Step7: by rate of load condensate γ NuclearTry to achieve the maximum N that daily exerts oneself MaxNuclearN In advance
Step8: if N Water>N Max, make N Examination=N MaxOtherwise make N Examination=N Water
Step9: checking energy is: E Examination=N Examination* 24;
Wherein, Q Day: per day reservoir inflow; Q Fd: day generating flow; γ Nuclear: daily load rate; Q Max: the power station is bigger than the machine flow most; K Ten days: appraise and decide comprehensive power factor; Z Nuclear: appraise and decide initial water level; Z Lower: per day tailwater elevation; H All: per day gross head; N Water: outbound can be sent power; N In advance: anticipation is exerted oneself; N Max: adjustable exerting oneself; N Examination: a day examination is exerted oneself; E Examination: day checking energy.
For daily regulated hydroplant, the actual operating data that gathers, comprise reservoir in a few days day part first last water level, water and outbound, generating flow and abandon discharge, generated energy and generating water usage data, draw in a few days load process of power plant by above-mentioned data, calculate the actual daily generation E of going out Day
The storehouse charge capacity that calculation server described in the step S4 is calculated corresponding period reservoir is in the following ways:
Figure BDA00002007402100111
Wherein: V Actual: actual period Mo pondage; V Examination: examination period Mo pondage; γ Generating: actual average annual water consumption rate.
The checking energy in the power station of realization said method and the measuring and calculating device of storehouse charge capacity, as shown in Figure 2, comprise: telemetry equipment 1, ultrasonic flow meter 2, exert oneself collecting device 3 and calculation server 4, telemetry equipment 1, ultrasonic flow meter 2 and the collecting device 3 of being connected are connected with calculation server 4 respectively.The described collecting device 3 of exerting oneself adopts ac sampling device.Described telemetry equipment 1 adopts the remote measurement gaging station.
Embodiment 3: the measuring method of a kind of checking energy of power station and storehouse charge capacity may further comprise the steps:
S1, telemetry equipment is measured the waterlevel data of reservoir, and ultrasonic flow meter is measured day by day generating flow Q Day, the collecting device of exerting oneself gathers the daily mean N that exerts oneself Day
S2, calculation server is processed to get mean of dekan generating flow Q to above-mentioned data Ten days, mean of dekan productive head H Ten daysAnd the mean of dekan N that exerts oneself Ten days
S3, calculation server utilize water energy formula N Ten days=K Ten daysQ Ten daysH Ten daysGet K Ten days
S4, calculation server calculate checking energy and the storehouse charge capacity of corresponding period reservoir by conventional method.
Step S2 described " processing " comprising: calculation server gets daily mean productive head H by end, the first water-head of calculating reservoir Day, to daily mean productive head H Day, generating flow Q day by day DayAnd the daily mean N that exerts oneself DayAdd up average.
The checking energy in the power station of realization said method and the measuring and calculating device of storehouse charge capacity, comprise: telemetry equipment 1, ultrasonic flow meter 2, exert oneself collecting device 3 and calculation server 4, telemetry equipment 1, ultrasonic flow meter 2 and the collecting device 3 of being connected are connected with calculation server 4 respectively.The described collecting device 3 of exerting oneself adopts ac sampling device.Described telemetry equipment 1 adopts the remote measurement gaging station.
Adopt the present invention that the comprehensive power factor K value that flood man in 2009 is crossed, east wind, Suofengying and the Wujiang River are crossed is considered fixed, worry is decided as a result shown in the table 1.
Table 1
Ten days section Flood man is crossed East wind The Suofengying Wu Jiangdu
The first tenday period of a month in January 8.97 8.92 8.79 8.40
Mid-January 8.99 8.80 8.77 8.61
The last ten-days period in January 8.86 8.72 8.65 8.58
The first tenday period of a month in February 8.79 9.15 8.60 8.63
Mid-February 8.54 8.56 8.44 8.49
The last ten-days period in February 8.29 8.87 8.43 7.61
The first ten-day period of the March 8.38 8.61 8.61 7.58
Mid-March 8.15 8.75 8.56 7.54
The last ten-days period in March 8.60 8.78 8.77 7.88
The first tenday period of a month in April 8.54 8.55 8.66 8.09
Mid-April 8.31 8.57 8.57 8.74
The last ten-days period in April 8.24 8.40 8.52 8.74
The first tenday period of a month in May 8.61 8.69 8.81 8.70
Mid-April 8.92 9.05 8.95 8.99
The last ten-days period in May 8.49 8.99 8.92 8.85
The first tenday period of a month in June 8.61 9.04 8.69 8.61
Mid-June 8.99 8.96 8.56 8.62
The last ten-days period in June 8.51 8.39 8.45 8.36
The first tenday period of a month in July 8.30 8.84 8.69 8.69
Mid-July 8.03 8.46 8.46 8.34
The last ten-days period in July 7.42 8.16 8.66 7.64
Early August 8.10 8.56 8.64 8.22
Mid-August 8.17 8.79 8.73 8.40
The last ten-days period in August 8.46 8.49 8.53 8.28
The first tenday period of a month in September 8.66 8.28 8.68 8.30
Mid-September 8.54 8.24 8.53 8.09
The last ten-days period in September 8.53 8.24 8.58 8.43
The first tenday period of a month in October 8.41 8.21 8.37 8.09
Mid-October 8.76 8.66 8.57 8.44
The last ten-days period in October 8.60 8.32 8.44 7.96
The first tenday period of a month in November 8.67 8.64 8.62 8.35
Mid-November 8.78 8.63 8.51 8.45
The last ten-days period in November 8.17 7.79 8.27 8.05
The first tenday period of a month in Dec 8.56 8.20 8.48 8.17
Mid-December 8.20 8.05 8.40 8.23
The last ten-days period in Dec 7.99 7.81 8.21 8.43
Annual 8.48 8.56 8.59 8.32
As can be seen from Table 1: it is 8.99 that power station each power factor maximal value is crossed in ten days by flood man, and minimum value is 7.42, and mean value is 8.48, differs 2.16% with the comprehensive power factor 8.3 of appraising and deciding; Each in ten days power factor maximal value and minimum value between differ 1.58, with the mean value maximum error rate be 12.50%, with the comprehensive power factor maximum relative error 10.61% of appraising and deciding.Each of the Dongfeng Hydroelectric Station, the power factor maximal value was 9.15 in ten days, and minimum value is 7.79, and mean value is 8.56, differs 2.28% with the comprehensive power factor 8.37 of appraising and deciding; Each in ten days power factor maximal value and minimum value between differ 1.36, with the mean value maximum error rate be 9.04%, with the comprehensive power factor maximum relative error 9.31% of appraising and deciding.Each of Suofengyin Hydropower Station, the power factor maximal value was 8.95 in ten days, and minimum value is 8.21, and mean value is 8.59, equates with the comprehensive power factor 8.59 of appraising and deciding; Each in ten days power factor maximal value and minimum value between differ 0.74, with the mean value maximum error rate be 4.39%, with the comprehensive power factor maximum relative error 4.39% of appraising and deciding.Each of wujiangdu hydropower station, the power factor maximal value was 8.99 in ten days, and minimum value is 7.54, and mean value is 8.32, differs 0.84% with the comprehensive power factor 8.25 of appraising and deciding; Each in ten days power factor maximal value and minimum value between differ 1.44, with the mean value maximum error rate be 9.33%, with the comprehensive power factor maximum relative error 8.92% of appraising and deciding.
Flood man is crossed, east wind, Suofengying, the Wujiang River cross each in ten days power factor and the mean value maximum error rate all larger, maximum reaches 12.50%, minimum also has 4.39%; All also larger with the maximum relative error rate of appraising and deciding comprehensive power factor at each station, maximum reaches 10.61%, and minimum also has 4.39%; The comprehensive power factor of appraising and deciding at its mean value and each station has different, and maximum error rate reaches 2.28%.This shows, get fixing K value and carry out water and can calculate, its error is very large, also is very not rigorous.
Still cross with flood man in 2009, east wind, the Suofengying, the Wujiang River is crossed and is example, adopt variation K value that method proposed by the invention calculates and fixedly the K value carry out respectively water and can calculate, result of calculation each power station different K values water energy result of calculation contrast table in 2009 as shown in Figure 3, as can be seen from Figure 3: in most month, the result that the K value that utilization changes calculates and the difference of real generated energy are less than the result who utilizes fixing K value to calculate and the difference of real generated energy, the as a result Billy that the K value that i.e. utilization changes calculates uses the result of fixing K value calculating more near actual power generation, illustrate that the K value that changes considered the method for operation in power station to a certain extent, the K value result of calculation of fixing is more scientific more accurate than adopting.

Claims (10)

1. the measuring method of the checking energy in a power station and storehouse charge capacity is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
S1, telemetry equipment is measured the waterlevel data of reservoir, and ultrasonic flow meter is measured day by day generating flow Q Day, the collecting device of exerting oneself gathers the daily mean N that exerts oneself Day
S2, calculation server is processed to get mean of dekan generating flow Q to above-mentioned data Ten days, mean of dekan productive head H Ten daysAnd the mean of dekan N that exerts oneself Ten days
S3, calculation server utilize water to get K by formula Ten days
S4, calculation server calculate checking energy and the storehouse charge capacity of corresponding period reservoir.
2. the measuring method of the checking energy in power station according to claim 1 and storehouse charge capacity is characterized in that, also comprises:
S31, electrical energy collecting device measure the electric weight and to K of starting in power station Ten daysProofread and correct:
If K Ten days<K Min, K then Ten days=K Min
If K Ten daysK Max, K then Ten days=K Max
Wherein,
Figure FDA00002007402000012
X MaxBe the maximal value of the electric weight that starts, X MinMinimum value for the electric weight that starts.
3. the measuring method of the checking energy in power station according to claim 2 and storehouse charge capacity, it is characterized in that, for season and the adjusting power station more than season, the checking energy that the calculation server described in the step S4 is calculated corresponding period reservoir specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step1, be rich, Pian Feng, flat, hemiplegia and withered to coming discharge according to the reservoir inflow frequency partition, wherein, rich reservoir inflow frequency≤10%, partially rich reservoir inflow frequency is 10%~37.5%, flat reservoir inflow frequency is 37.5%~62.5%, and hemiplegia reservoir inflow frequency is 62.5~90%, withered reservoir inflow frequency 〉=90%;
Step2 in the water level bound scope in district that guarantees in each of scheduling graph to exert oneself, comes the rich withered rank of discharge to divide according to above-mentioned water level in ten days, namely divides according to rich, Pian Feng, flat, hemiplegia and withered shared ratio;
Step3 according to coming the rich withered rank of discharge, determines the last water level of corresponding period, and this end water level i.e. the equivalent water level drop point of discharge in other percentage frequency scope of the withered level of its corresponding Feng Ping;
Step4 according to determined last water level, and comes discharge and water level at the beginning of the period, calculates the N that exerts oneself that obtains this period according to principle of water balance Calculate t
Step5 gets
Figure FDA00002007402000013
And will
Figure FDA00002007402000014
As the period examination N that exerts oneself Nuclear, t, wherein,
Figure FDA00002007402000015
Keep a decimal;
Step6 reads Q Enter t, γ Nuclear, t, K Ten days, make upper one period Mo water level be water level Z at the beginning of this period t, get the period N that exerts oneself Nuclear, t
Step7 supposes that period outbound flow is Q Go out t=Q Fd, t=Q Max
Step8 is by water balance formula Q Enter-Q Go out=(V T+1-V t)/Δ t calculates period Mo reservoir storage capacity V T+1If, V T+1>V Max, t, V then T+1-V Max, tAs abandoning the water yield, calculate Q Earial drainage, t, and Q Go out t=Q Fd, t+ Q Earial drainage, t, so that V T+1=V Max
Step9 passes through V T+1Get period Mo reservoir level Z with storage-capacity curve T+1, judge whether last water level satisfies period Mo restriction of water level, as not satisfying, then recomputate N Nuclear, t, last water level is met the demands;
Step10 passes through Q Go out tAnd level of tail water discharge relation curve gets average level of tail water Z of period X, t
Step11, calculated water head H All, t=(Z t+ Z T+1)/2-Z X, t
Step12 passes through H All, tAnd the anticipation power curve gets N In advance, t
Step13 is by period rate of load condensate γ Nuclear, tCalculate the adjustable N of exerting oneself of period Max, tNuclear, t* N In advance, t
Step14, N Nuclear, t=min (N t, N Max, t);
Step15: calculate generating flow
Figure FDA00002007402000021
Step16: if | Q ' Fd, t+ Q Earial drainage, t-Q Go out t|<ξ, then record Q Fd, t, Q Go out t, V T+1, Z T+1, enter next period iterative computation; Otherwise, again suppose Q Go out t, return Step 7, wherein, ξ is permissible error;
Step17 after interior all periods calculating of given period are complete, calculate and finishes, the last reservoir level Z of output day part T+1Average output N with day part Nuclear, t
Step18, checking energy are day part electric weight sum: E Nuclear=∑ (N Nuclear, t* Δ t);
Wherein, Q Enter t: average reservoir inflow of period; Z t: water level on the dam at the beginning of the period; γ Nuclear, t: the period is appraised and decided rate of load condensate; K Ten days: the period is appraised and decided comprehensive power factor; Z T+1: water level on the period Mo dam; V t: storage capacity at the beginning of the period; Q Go out t: average outbound flow of period; Q Fd, t: average generating flow of period; Q Earial drainage, t: the period is abandoned discharge; Z X, t: water level under the average dam of period; H All, t: average gross head of period; N t: the scheduling graph indicated output; N Max, t: the period is adjustable exerts oneself; N In advance, t: the period anticipation is exerted oneself; N Nuclear, t: the period examination is exerted oneself; E Nuclear: the period checking energy; Q Max: and be bigger than the machine flow most.
4. the measuring method of the checking energy in power station according to claim 2 and storehouse charge capacity is characterized in that, for daily regulated hydroplant, the checking energy that the calculation server described in the step S4 is calculated corresponding period reservoir specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step1: read average daily reservoir inflow Q Day, Z Nuclear, K Ten daysAnd γ Nuclear, average daily outbound flow equals average daily reservoir inflow;
Step2: according to level of tail water discharge relation curve, get average daily level of tail water Z Lower=f (Q Day);
Step3: calculate per day gross head H All=Z Nuclear-Z Lower
Step4: make Q Fd=Q DayIf, Q Day>Q Max, Q Fd=Q Max
Step5: calculate the per day N that exerts oneself Water=K Ten daysQ FdH All
Step6: look into the anticipation power curve, get and daily envision the N that exerts oneself In advance=f (H All);
Step7: by rate of load condensate γ NuclearTry to achieve the maximum N that daily exerts oneself MaxNuclearN In advance
Step8: if N Water>N Max, make N Examination=N MaxOtherwise make N Examination=N Water
Step9: checking energy is: E Examination=N Examination* 24;
Wherein, Q Day: per day reservoir inflow; Q Fd: day generating flow; γ Nuclear: daily load rate; Q Max: the power station is bigger than the machine flow most; K Ten days: appraise and decide comprehensive power factor; Z Nuclear: appraise and decide initial water level; Z Lower: per day tailwater elevation; H All: per day gross head; N Water: outbound can be sent power; N In advance: anticipation is exerted oneself; N Max: adjustable exerting oneself; N Examination: a day examination is exerted oneself; E Examination: day checking energy.
5. according to claim 3 or the measuring method of the checking energy in 4 described power stations and storehouse charge capacity, it is characterized in that, the storehouse charge capacity that the calculation server described in the step S4 is calculated corresponding period reservoir in the following ways:
Figure FDA00002007402000031
Wherein: V Actual: actual period Mo pondage; V Examination: examination period Mo pondage; γ Generating: actual average annual water consumption rate.
6. realize the checking energy in power station of the arbitrary described method of claim 1~5 and the measuring and calculating device of storehouse charge capacity, it is characterized in that, comprise: telemetry equipment (1), ultrasonic flow meter (2), the collecting device of exerting oneself (3) and calculation server (4), telemetry equipment (1), ultrasonic flow meter (2) and the collecting device of being connected (3) are connected with calculation server (4) respectively.
7. the measuring and calculating device of the checking energy in power station according to claim 6 and storehouse charge capacity is characterized in that, also comprises: electrical energy collecting device (5), electrical energy collecting device (5) is connected with calculation server (4).
8. the measuring and calculating device of the checking energy in power station according to claim 7 and storehouse charge capacity is characterized in that, the described collecting device of exerting oneself (3) adopts active power transmitter or ac sampling device.
9. the measuring and calculating device of the checking energy in arbitrary described power station and storehouse charge capacity according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described telemetry equipment (1) adopts the remote measurement gaging station.
10. the measuring and calculating device of the checking energy in power station according to claim 9 and storehouse charge capacity is characterized in that, described remote measurement gaging station adopts the ACS300MM type remote measurement gaging station of water conservancy and hydropower branch office of Nanjing NanRui Group Co.,Ltd; Described ultrasonic flow meter (2) adopts the GER-9000 type ultrasonic flow meter of Nanjing Shenrui Electrical System Control Co.,Ltd; Described active power transmitter adopts the FPWK301 type active power transmitter of Zhejiang Harnpu Power Technology Co., Ltd.; Described electrical energy collecting device (5) adopts the EAC5000D type electrical energy collecting device of Nanfang Electric Power Group Sci. ﹠ Tech. Dev. Co., Ltd., Guangzhou.
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